CN114082962A - Online repairing and annealing process for nodular cast pipe - Google Patents
Online repairing and annealing process for nodular cast pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN114082962A CN114082962A CN202111387443.7A CN202111387443A CN114082962A CN 114082962 A CN114082962 A CN 114082962A CN 202111387443 A CN202111387443 A CN 202111387443A CN 114082962 A CN114082962 A CN 114082962A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
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- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 35
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
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- XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Fe] XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/062—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
- B22F10/64—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by thermal means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
- B33Y40/20—Post-treatment, e.g. curing, coating or polishing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/30—Stress-relieving
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/062—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts
- B22F2007/068—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts repairing articles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
A method for repairing and annealing nodular cast pipe on line includes grinding surface of defect or damaged part of nodular cast pipe and/or machining to obtain part to be repaired, welding at least one layer of repairing layer on said part, laser stress-relief annealing, spraying Al powder to the part, and laser stress-relief annealing. The invention fully utilizes the characteristic of laser energy difference to introduce metal oxide particles for fine grain and strengthening, the process is controllable, and the powder does not need to be mixed in advance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of additive repair, in particular to an online repair and annealing process for a nodular cast pipe.
Background
The nodular cast iron pipe is also called as a nodular cast iron pipe, is a large nodular cast iron pipe manufactured by a centrifugal casting process, some nodular cast iron pipes have complicated pipe end shapes, the whole manufacturing process of the nodular cast iron pipe is complicated, and simultaneously, because the nodular cast iron pipe has large size and high manufacturing cost, once surface or internal tissue defects (such as cracks) are found in the casting and post-treatment processes of the nodular cast iron pipe, or collision damage is generated in the circulation process of casting and post-treatment, generally, firstly, the damaged part is repaired, and only the pipe is considered to be scrapped if the pipe cannot be repaired.
The method adopted by the existing repair of the nodular cast iron pipe is laser cladding, when the damaged part is deep or large in size, a large groove/opening is milled on the damaged part, and then the size is reproduced by means of layer-by-layer laser cladding, which is essentially a material increase repair method. The laser cladding and additive repairing operations are mature day by day, but two problems are faced in the aspect of repairing quality, namely, the organizational structure and the mechanical property of a repaired part are unstable, and the repaired part is repeatedly impacted by high-energy processing beams at high temperature, so that the processing internal stress is unavoidable, small and medium-sized parts can eliminate the internal stress by supplementing an annealing process, but for large-sized nodular cast pipes, if the large-sized nodular cast pipes are sent back to a pipe furnace to be integrally subjected to heat preservation and annealing, obviously, the method is not economical, aiming at the situation that technicians in the former generally try to improve the components of repair materials for cladding to ensure the organizational performance of the repaired part as much as possible, a strengthening phase is mainly introduced, aiming at the situation that technicians in the latter already try a high-energy beam online annealing process to eliminate the processing internal stress to avoid the annealing process, in the additive repairing, the energy of the deposition laser is far higher than that of the annealing laser, the deposition and the annealing are both short processes, if the two joining processes can be utilized, some defects in the generation and the action of a strengthening phase are expected to be eliminated, and unnecessary operations such as powder milling and mixing are reduced in industrialized application.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an online repair and annealing process for a nodular cast pipe, wherein when a repair layer is welded by laser, another powder is synchronously fed into a laser welding head to carry out laser stress relief annealing treatment, so that a certain amount of Al powder is sprayed to the part subjected to the laser stress relief annealing treatment while the laser stress relief annealing treatment is carried out, the metal oxide particles are introduced to carry out fine grain and strengthening by fully utilizing the characteristic of laser energy difference, the process is controllable, and powder mixing in advance is not needed.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an online repairing and annealing process of a nodular cast pipe comprises the following steps:
step 1, performing surface grinding and/or machining on a defect or damaged part of a nodular cast pipe to obtain a part to be repaired;
step 2, setting powder feeding parameters and laser scanning parameters of the first powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head, starting the first powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head, melting a repairing material by adopting a laser beam, cladding at least one repairing layer on a to-be-repaired part of the nodular cast iron pipe, wherein the repairing material is a Fe-based powder material;
step 3, setting a powder feeding parameter and a laser scanning parameter of a second powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head, starting the second powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head after the step 2 starts for a period of time, or after the step 2 is finished, performing laser stress relief annealing treatment on the repair layer of the cladding finished part in the step 2 by using laser energy of the second powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head, and spraying a certain amount of Al powder to the laser stress relief annealing treatment part by using a powder feeding pipe of the second powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head while performing the laser stress relief annealing treatment, wherein the laser energy density of the second powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head is lower than that of the first powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head, and the laser energy melts the Al powder but does not melt Fe;
step 4, starting the first powder to synchronously feed into the laser cladding head again, melting the repair material by adopting a laser beam, and cladding at least one new repair layer on the repair layer subjected to the laser stress relief annealing treatment;
step 5, after a period of time starts in the step 4, or after the step 4 is finished, starting a second powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head, repeating the steps of performing laser stress relief annealing treatment on the repair layer of the cladding finished part by using the laser energy of the second powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head in the step 3 once, and spraying a small amount of Al powder to the laser stress relief annealing treatment part by using a powder feeding pipe of the second powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head while performing the laser stress relief annealing treatment;
and after the step 5, alternately repeating the operation in the step 4 and the operation in the step 5 until the first powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head finishes cladding the last layer of repairing layer, and the second powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head finishes the laser stress relief annealing treatment on the last layer of repairing layer.
Further preferably, in the step 1, after the surface grinding and/or machining of the damaged part of the nodular cast tube, cleaning and drying of the ground and/or machined part are also included.
Further preferably, in the step 2, before the welding of the repair layer, preheating a portion to be repaired of the nodular graphite cast iron pipe by using a flame heater or an electromagnetic heater is further included.
Further preferably, in the step 2, the movement of the first powder synchronous feeding laser deposition head is obtained by slicing in layers according to three-dimensional data of the part to be repaired.
Further preferably, the Fe-based powder material is an alloy powder of Fe.
Further preferably, the sprayed Al powder is a pure Al powder or an Al alloy powder containing 90% or more of Al element, or a mixed powder of any one or both of the above two powders and a metal other than Al, and the content of the metal other than Al in the Al powder is not more than 15%.
Further preferably, the amount of the injected Al powder is controlled as follows: the Al element in the Al powder is controlled to be not more than 3% of the weight of the Fe-based powder material in percentage by mass.
More preferably, the laser operating power range of the first powder synchronized feeding laser welding head is 1800W to 2500W, and the laser operating power range of the second powder synchronized feeding laser welding head is 900W to 1800W.
Preferably, when the second powder is synchronously fed into the laser welding head to perform laser stress relief annealing treatment on the last repairing layer, the powder feeding pipeline is closed.
Preferably, the first powder-fed laser welding head and the second powder-fed laser welding head are both coaxial carrier gas powder-fed laser welding heads.
Has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides an online repair and annealing process for a nodular cast iron pipe, which comprises the steps of performing surface grinding and/or machining on a defect or damaged part of the nodular cast iron pipe to obtain a part to be repaired, synchronously feeding a first powder into a laser cladding head to clad a repair layer on the part to be repaired of the nodular cast iron pipe, and synchronously feeding another powder into the laser cladding head to perform laser stress relief annealing treatment, so that a certain amount of Al powder is sprayed into the part to be subjected to the laser stress relief annealing treatment while the laser stress relief annealing treatment is performed, metal oxide particles are introduced to perform fine grain and strengthening by fully utilizing the characteristic of laser energy difference, and the process is controllable without mixing the powder in advance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an operation flow chart of the online repairing and annealing process of the nodular cast iron pipe.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
An online repairing and annealing process of a nodular cast pipe comprises the following steps:
step 1, polishing or milling the surface of a defect or damaged part of the nodular cast pipe, and then cleaning and drying the polished or milled part to obtain a part to be repaired.
And 2, preheating the to-be-repaired part of the nodular cast iron pipe by using a flame heater (or an electromagnetic heater for replacement), wherein the preheating temperature is 200-350 ℃, setting a powder feeding parameter and a laser scanning parameter for synchronously feeding first powder into a laser cladding head, starting the synchronous feeding of the first powder into the laser cladding head, melting a repairing material by using a laser beam, cladding a repairing layer on the to-be-repaired part of the nodular cast iron pipe, wherein the repairing material is Fe alloy powder with the contents of C, Si and Mn corresponding to the grade of nodular cast iron, and the pre-alloyed powder can also be obtained by mixing multiple kinds of element powder or alloy powder.
In addition, in the step, the movement of the first powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head is a pre-layered planned path, the layer information of the layered planned path is obtained by software processing according to the three-dimensional data of the part to be repaired, and the three-dimensional data of the part to be repaired can be obtained by reverse solving according to the three-dimensional scanning data of the part to be repaired.
Step 3, setting the powder feeding parameters and the laser scanning parameters of the second powder synchronously fed into the laser cladding head, after the repair layer is deposited in the step 2, starting a second powder synchronous feeding laser deposition head, performing laser stress relief annealing treatment on the deposited repair layer in the step 2 by using the laser energy of the second powder synchronous feeding laser deposition head, during the laser stress relief annealing treatment, the second powder is synchronously fed into a powder feeding pipe of the laser cladding head to spray a certain amount of Al powder to the laser stress relief annealing treatment part, the flow rate of the carrier gas is controlled to ensure that the spraying amount of the Al powder does not exceed 3 percent of the using amount of each layer of repair material, generally about 2 percent, and the laser energy density of the second powder synchronously fed into the laser cladding head is lower than that of the first powder synchronously fed into the laser cladding head, and the laser energy melts the Al powder but not the Fe.
After a layer of repair layer is deposited, another powder is synchronously fed into a laser deposition head to carry out laser stress relief annealing treatment, thereby spraying a certain amount of Al powder to the laser stress relief annealing treatment part while the laser stress relief annealing treatment is carried out, the Al powder is sprayed as a single raw material, the mixed powder storage is not required to be realized, in the successive deposition and annealing steps, the characteristic of laser energy difference is fully utilized to introduce metal oxide particles for fine crystallization and strengthening, the macroscopic temperature rise of the laser energy of the stress-relief annealing treatment is not more than 800 ℃, so that Al powder can be slightly melted and aluminum oxide particles can be initially formed, when the next layer of repair material is deposited, the alumina particles formed initially can provide crystal particles at the moment when the Fe alloy powder is melted, and the Al powder can be fully oxidized to form process particles and a strengthening phase while the deposition is finished.
The laser energy densities corresponding to the deposition and annealing can be easily adjusted by adjusting the laser power while keeping the remaining conditions unchanged, and for example, when the laser operating power range of the first powder synchronized feeding laser deposition head is 1800W to 2500W in the present embodiment at the time of actual deposition, the required annealing effect can be achieved when the laser operating power range of the second powder synchronized feeding laser deposition head is adjusted between 900W to 1800W.
The first powder-synchronously-feeding laser welding head and the second powder-synchronously-feeding laser welding head employed in the present embodiment are both coaxial carrier gas powder-feeding laser welding heads.
It should be noted that although the present embodiment provides the best embodiment in which the laser stress relief annealing treatment is performed once after each repair layer is deposited, the laser stress relief annealing treatment may be performed once after a plurality of repair layers are deposited, and it is preferable to perform the laser stress relief annealing treatment once after each repair layer is deposited in consideration of uniformity of introduction of aluminum oxide. In addition, if the temperature drops quickly during deposition, the second powder synchronous feeding laser deposition head does not need to be started after the current layer is completely deposited, the second powder synchronous feeding laser deposition head can be started after the step 2 begins for a period of time, the temperature behind the deposition area can be measured in real time by adopting non-contact temperature measuring equipment, and the starting time of the second powder synchronous feeding laser deposition head can be determined according to the temperature measuring result.
In addition, although the embodiment takes pure Al powder as an example, if necessary, the limitation of pure Al can be broken through, and in general, the injected Al powder is pure Al powder or Al alloy powder with Al element content of more than 90%, or mixed powder of any one or two of the above two powders and other metals except Al, the above options can be both, in order to ensure the formation ratio of aluminum oxide, the proportion of other metals except Al in the Al powder should preferably not exceed 15%, the total injection amount can be controlled by adjusting the carrier gas flow rate with Al element as a defining standard, and the injected Al powder amount is controlled as follows: the Al element in the Al powder is controlled to be not more than 3% by weight of the Fe-based powder material in terms of mass percentage.
And 4, starting the first powder to synchronously feed into the laser cladding head again, melting the repair material by adopting a laser beam, and cladding at least one new repair layer on the repair layer subjected to the laser stress relief annealing treatment.
And 5, after the step 4 is finished, starting the second powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head, and repeating the step 3 once, wherein the repair layer of the cladding finished part is subjected to laser stress relief annealing treatment by using the laser energy of the second powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head, and a small amount of Al powder is sprayed to the laser stress relief annealing treatment part by using the powder feeding pipe of the second powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head while the laser stress relief annealing treatment is carried out.
And after the step 5, alternately repeating the operation in the step 4 and the operation in the step 5 until the first powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head finishes cladding the last layer of repairing layer, and the second powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head finishes the laser stress relief annealing treatment on the last layer of repairing layer. It can be understood that when the second powder is synchronously fed into the laser cladding head to carry out the laser stress relief annealing treatment on the last repairing layer, the powder feeding pipeline can be closed, because the next step of high energy does not act on the Al powder.
According to the online repairing and annealing process of the nodular cast iron pipe, the repaired part of the nodular cast iron pipe is well combined with the base body of the nodular cast iron pipe, the polished surface layer and the polished inside of the nodular cast iron pipe are free of fine cracks and other defects, the structure is compact, the Brinell hardness reaches the annealing standard and is higher than that of a common nodular cast iron base material, and the Brinell hardness is also higher than that of a cladding result of a Fe alloy which is singly used, so that the aluminum is fully oxidized and converted in the two-step treatment and plays a role in promoting nucleation.
Example 2
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that 2% -8% of nano iron silicon powder is added into Al powder, and in a test, when the laser working power and the scanning speed of the second powder synchronously fed into the laser deposition head are determined, the addition of the nano iron silicon powder can ensure good texture and mechanical properties of a repair area when the laser working power of the second powder synchronously fed into the laser deposition head is selected to be a high point in the whole process or the annealing scanning speed is greatly reduced, and the selection of the iron silicon powder does not affect the alloy texture components of the repair area basically.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The on-line repairing and annealing process of the nodular cast tube is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, performing surface grinding and/or machining on a defect or damaged part of a nodular cast pipe to obtain a part to be repaired;
step 2, setting powder feeding parameters and laser scanning parameters of the first powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head, starting the first powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head, melting a repairing material by adopting a laser beam, cladding at least one repairing layer on a to-be-repaired part of the nodular cast iron pipe, wherein the repairing material is a Fe-based powder material;
step 3, setting a powder feeding parameter and a laser scanning parameter of a second powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head, starting the second powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head after the step 2 starts for a period of time, or after the step 2 is finished, performing laser stress relief annealing treatment on the repair layer of the cladding finished part in the step 2 by using laser energy of the second powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head, and spraying a certain amount of Al powder to the laser stress relief annealing treatment part by using a powder feeding pipe of the second powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head while performing the laser stress relief annealing treatment, wherein the laser energy density of the second powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head is lower than that of the first powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head, and the laser energy melts the Al powder but does not melt Fe;
step 4, starting the first powder to synchronously feed into the laser cladding head again, melting the repair material by adopting a laser beam, and cladding at least one new repair layer on the repair layer subjected to the laser stress relief annealing treatment;
step 5, after a period of time starts in the step 4, or after the step 4 is finished, starting a second powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head, repeating the steps of performing laser stress relief annealing treatment on the repair layer of the cladding finished part by using the laser energy of the second powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head in the step 3 once, and spraying a small amount of Al powder to the laser stress relief annealing treatment part by using a powder feeding pipe of the second powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head while performing the laser stress relief annealing treatment;
and after the step 5, alternately repeating the operation in the step 4 and the operation in the step 5 until the first powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head finishes cladding the last layer of repairing layer, and the second powder synchronous feeding laser cladding head finishes the laser stress relief annealing treatment on the last layer of repairing layer.
2. The on-line repair and annealing process for the nodular cast iron pipe according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, after the surface of the damaged part of the nodular cast iron pipe is ground and/or machined, the ground and/or machined part is cleaned and dried.
3. The on-line repair and annealing process for the ductile cast iron pipe according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step 2, before the repair layer is deposited, preheating a portion to be repaired of the ductile cast iron pipe by using a flame heater or an electromagnetic heater is further included.
4. The on-line repair and annealing process of the ductile cast iron pipe according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the movement of the first powder synchronously fed into the laser cladding head is obtained by slicing in layers according to three-dimensional data of the portion to be repaired.
5. The on-line repair and annealing process of the ductile cast iron pipe according to claim 1, wherein the Fe-based powder material is an alloy powder of Fe.
6. The on-line repair and annealing process for the ductile cast iron pipe according to claim 1, wherein the sprayed Al powder is pure Al powder or Al alloy powder containing 90% or more of Al element, or mixed powder of any one or two of the above two powders and other metals except Al, and the ratio of the other metals except Al in the Al powder is not more than 15%.
7. The on-line repair and annealing process for the ductile cast iron pipe according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the amount of the injected Al powder is controlled as follows: the Al element in the Al powder is controlled to be not more than 3% by weight of the Fe-based powder material.
8. The on-line repair and annealing process of the ductile cast iron pipe according to claim 1, wherein the laser working power range of the first powder synchronously fed into the laser deposition head is 1800W-2500W, and the laser working power range of the second powder synchronously fed into the laser deposition head is 900W-1800W.
9. The on-line repair and annealing process of the ductile cast iron pipe according to claim 1, wherein the powder feeding pipeline is closed when the second powder is synchronously fed into the laser cladding head to perform laser stress relief annealing treatment on the last repair layer.
10. The on-line repair and annealing process for the ductile cast iron pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the first and second powder-fed laser deposition heads are coaxial carrier gas powder-fed laser deposition heads.
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