CN109047760A - The method of forge piece surface growth labyrinth based on powder melting increasing material manufacturing - Google Patents
The method of forge piece surface growth labyrinth based on powder melting increasing material manufacturing Download PDFInfo
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- CN109047760A CN109047760A CN201810958783.2A CN201810958783A CN109047760A CN 109047760 A CN109047760 A CN 109047760A CN 201810958783 A CN201810958783 A CN 201810958783A CN 109047760 A CN109047760 A CN 109047760A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/22—Direct deposition of molten metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/25—Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
- B22F10/64—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by thermal means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
- B22F10/66—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by mechanical means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
- B22F10/68—Cleaning or washing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
Disclosed by the invention is a kind of method of forge piece surface growth labyrinth based on powder melting increasing material manufacturing of metal forming and manufacturing technology field, comprising the following steps: according to the final part to be made design base structure part model and prepares base structure part；Structure design is carried out in base structure part model surface, obtains the threedimensional model of final part；Threedimensional model is subjected to two dimensionization slicing treatment, obtained parameter is imported into 3D printer, and identical powder is processed by 3D printer in the progress powder melting formula increasing material manufacturing of base structure part surface with base structure part material for use, obtains final part.Compared with traditional casting, forging and machining, this method can be concentrated to avoid the organizational coarseness and stress of cast member, also it is low to can avoid stock utilization caused by forging machining, without the expensive powder metallurgy die of production, simultaneously relative to simple 3D printing, the production efficiency and product qualification rate of this method are higher.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of, and the forge piece surface based on powder melting increasing material manufacturing grows the method for labyrinth, belongs to
Metal forming and manufacturing technology field.
Background technique
Currently, common for the components process industry production of contour structures complexity, there are four types of methods: 1, using precision
The method of casting prepares complex precise casting；2, using rough forging part, material is removed by the method for machining, is obtained
Obtain final part；3, by the method for powder metallurgy, powder is placed in mold, is fabricated through high temperature sintering；4, using increasing
Material manufacturing technology is process by 3D printing platform.But for heavy parts and there is complicated knot in part inner wall or outside
The components first three methods of structure are not applicable, and the following problems exist respectively: 1, precision casting will cause components tissue it is thick
Greatly, stress is concentrated, and mechanical property is not as good as forging；2, the mach method stock utilization of forging is low, at high cost；3, powder metallurgy
Method needs to make metal die, and the production cycle is longer.Although and directly adopt increases material manufacturing technology carry out 3D printing can be light
The problems such as prepared by realization part, but low there is also production efficiency, is unfavorable for producing in batches.
Summary of the invention
To overcome existing manufacturing technology in above-mentioned deficiency, institute of the present invention present on the complicated components manufacture of shape
Technical problems to be solved are: providing a kind of production efficiency and all higher components manufacturing method of product qualification rate.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
The method of forge piece surface growth labyrinth based on powder melting increasing material manufacturing, comprising the following steps:
A, base structure part model is designed according to the final part to be made and prepares base structure part；
B, structure design is carried out in base structure part model surface, obtains the threedimensional model of final part；
C, threedimensional model is subjected to two dimensionization slicing treatment, obtained parameter is imported into 3D printer, and use same matrix
The identical powder ready-to-print of structural member material；
D, base structure part is placed in 3D printer, powder is carried out on base structure part surface by 3D printer and is melted
Formula increasing material manufacturing processing is covered, final part is obtained.
Further, then carrying out 3-D scanning to base structure part again using base structure part is first made in step a
Or base structure part model is made in the mode of three coordinate machine modeling.
Further, preparing the mode system that base structure part can be used casting, be forged or machined in step a
Make.
Further, the base structure part prepared in step a need to be heat-treated and is surface-treated.
Further, being machined out, being heat-treated to the part of printing shaping in step d, being surface-treated and lossless spy
Final qualified components are made after survey.
Further, the 3D printer in step d is high energy laser beam, electron beam or electric arc powder feeding cladding formula 3D printing
Platform.
Further, 3D printing platform is using powder size having a size of 15~250 μm of Φ of spherical powder.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: using a simple base structure part is first made, then in base structure part table
Face carries out the manufacture of complex parts in such a way that 3D printer generates labyrinth, with traditional casting, forging and machining
It compares, this method can be concentrated to avoid the organizational coarseness and stress of cast member, and bring performance is unfavorable, also can avoid forging machine and add
Stock utilization caused by work is low, the part extremely complex for structure, and machining has the case where limitation, without production
Expensive powder metallurgy die, while relative to simple 3D printing, the production efficiency and product qualification rate of this method are higher.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is further described.
The method of forge piece surface growth labyrinth based on powder melting increasing material manufacturing of the invention, including following step
It is rapid:
A, base structure part model is designed according to the final part to be made and prepares base structure part；
B, structure design is carried out in base structure part model surface, obtains the threedimensional model of final part；
C, threedimensional model is subjected to two dimensionization slicing treatment, obtained parameter is imported into 3D printer, and use same matrix
The identical powder ready-to-print of structural member material；
D, base structure part is placed in 3D printer, powder is carried out on base structure part surface by 3D printer and is melted
Formula increasing material manufacturing processing is covered, final part is obtained.
Described matrix structural member refers to getting rid of the simple structure part obtained after part external complex profile, specifically
Shape is designed according to the structure of final part, the structural member can by way of traditional casting, being forged or machined into
Row production, above-mentioned three kinds of preparation methods are routine techniques, and parameter and material are easy to control, and yield rate is higher, can reduce preparation
The cost of manufacture of base structure part.
And surface treatment thermally processable to the base structure part prepared, it is therefore intended that eliminate residual in preparation process
Residue stress etc. improves mechanical performance, cutting ability and the wear-resisting, corrosion resistance etc. of base structure part.Keep base structure part
Surface it is smooth, be completely embedded the labyrinth printed by subsequent step with base structure part metallurgical bonding, improve connect
Connect the structural strength at place.
The structure with initial design is possible to due to the base structure part obtained after casting, forging, machining or heat treatment
Dimensionally there is deviation, will lead to subsequent threedimensional model design and error occurs in 3D printing.Therefore, in step a preferably with
Base structure part is first made, matrix knot is made in the mode for then carrying out 3-D scanning or three coordinate machine modeling to base structure part again
Component model.It can guarantee the consistency of the material object and model of base structure part in this way.
When carrying out 3D printing using the powder with base structure part same material, can make the complex parts printed with
Base structure part is completely embedded by metallurgical bonding, so that the final part structural strength generated greatly improves.
3D printer in step d is high energy laser beam, electron beam or electric arc powder feeding cladding formula 3D printing platform.It can be improved
The parametrization controllability of print procedure realizes exact growth of the labyrinth in base structure, improves the precision of components.
Further, 3D printing platform uses the preferred powder size of powder for 15~250 μm of Φ of spherical powder, so that material is molten
Change solidification to be easier to accurately control.
Since the mechanical performance and chemical property of different materials are different, therefore in the practical operation of 3D printing, root is needed
It is appropriately arranged with the parameter being adapted to material according to the difference of material, can just obtain final Qualified Parts.Specifically include high energy beam
The setting of the parameters such as power, scanning speed, spot size, overlapping rate, powder feed rate.Simultaneously because being prepared through 3D printer
Components, surface is also attached with remaining molten drop, part-structure part dimension deviation, while the complexity of 3D printer preparation
Structure and can also have a partial interior residual stress with base structure part junction, thus need to be by machining, heat treatment, surface at
Final qualified components could be made in reason, lossless detection.
It is described further below by way of specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Using the stick casting that material is 316L stainless steel as blank, base structure part is prepared by machining, to matrix
Structural member carries out the heat treatment procedure that 850 DEG C~985 DEG C/0.5h~2h/ oil is cold or is gas-cooled.Then pass through ingredient, tissue detection,
Determine the tissue and ingredient of base structure part.Then base structure is swept using high-precision three-dimensional scanning or three coordinate machine
It retouches, by data processing softwares such as GomInspect, forms base structure model.Using Cero/ProE or other threedimensional models
Design software carries out required labyrinth design, and final incorporated three based on base structure model on it
Dimension module.Using Magics or other software, two dimensionization slicing treatment is carried out to threedimensional model, i.e., by model data along Z axis side
To being a series of 2-D datas according to equal thickness parted pattern, the data processed can be identified by being processed into 3D printer
Enough powder, the processing of 3D printer ready-to-print is added in format in printer powder cabin.It is flat using high energy laser beam 3D printing
Start to carry out increasing material manufacturing processing on basis material according to the machining path on platform.Powder uses 316L stainless steel
Matter, powder diameter is having a size of 45-150 μm.Setting laser beam power is 2000W, spot diameter 3.5mm, overlapping rate 35%, scans
The parameters such as speed 500mm/min, powder feeding rate 25g/s control the processing that 3D printer completes part by computer program.From
Printout is taken out on 3D printing platform, clears up piece surface.To formation of parts by machining, being heat-treated, be surface-treated, lossless
Detection, to obtain the final part product with labyrinth.Through detecting, the tensile strength of test reaches 770MPa, is higher than
As cast condition (552MPa) and forging state (515MPa) are horizontal, and elongation percentage reaches 6.1%.
Embodiment 2
Using the annular cast that material is TC4 titanium alloy as blank, base structure part is prepared by machining, to matrix knot
Component carries out the heat treatment procedure that 900 DEG C~985 DEG C/0.5h~2.5h/ oil is cold or is gas-cooled.Then pass through ingredient, tissue detection,
Determine the tissue and ingredient of base structure part.Then base structure is swept using high-precision three-dimensional scanning or three coordinate machine
It retouches, by data processing softwares such as GomInspect, forms base structure model.It is soft using UG or the design of other threedimensional models
Part carries out required labyrinth design, and final incorporated three-dimensional mould based on base structure model on it
Type.Using Magics or other software, two dimensionization slicing treatment is carried out to threedimensional model, i.e., is pressed model data along Z-direction
The thickness parted pattern of photograph etc. is a series of 2-D datas, and the data lattice processed can be identified by being processed into 3D printer
Enough powder, the processing of 3D printer ready-to-print is added in formula in printer powder cabin.Utilize high-power electron beam 3D printing platform
On according to the machining path start on basis material carry out increasing material manufacturing processing.Powder uses titanium alloy TC 4 material, powder
Last partial size is 45-150 μm.Setting electronic beam current is 30mA, 650 DEG C of preheating temperature, focus current 6mA, scanning speed 400mm/
S, vacuum degree is 1 × 10-3The parameters such as mBar control the processing that 3D printer completes part by computer program.From 3D printing
Printout is taken out on platform, clears up piece surface.920 DEG C/lh WC+520 DEG C/6h AC heat treatment system is used to formation of parts
Degree, to obtain the final part product with labyrinth.Through detecting, the tensile strength of test reaches 990MPa, elongation percentage
Reach 10.2%.
Embodiment 3
Using the cheese casting that material is K438 nickel-base alloy as blank, base structure part is prepared by machining, to base
Body structural member carries out the heat treatment procedure that 780 DEG C~1080 DEG C/0.5h~3.5h/ oil is cold or is gas-cooled.Then pass through ingredient, tissue
Detection determines the tissue and ingredient of base structure part.Then using high-precision three-dimensional scanning or three coordinate machine to base structure into
Row scanning forms base structure model by data processing softwares such as GomInspect.Using Catia or other threedimensional models
Design software carries out required labyrinth design, and final incorporated three based on base structure model on it
Dimension module.Using starting to carry out increasing material manufacturing on basis material according to the machining path on high energy arc 3D printing platform
Processing.Powder uses Ni-based Ni60Cr16B3.5Si4.5Fe15C0.5 material, and powder diameter is 45-105 μm.Setting welding electricity
Stream is the parameters such as 10A, speed of welding 250mm/min, powder feed rate 1.0-2.5g/s, controls 3D printer by computer program
Complete the processing of part.Printout is taken out from 3D printing platform, clears up piece surface.To formation of parts using 1120 DEG C ×
The heat treating regime of air-cooled+850 DEG C of 2h/ × for 24 hours/air-cooled, to obtain the final part product with labyrinth.Through examining
It surveys, the tensile strength of test reaches 1030MPa, and elongation percentage reaches 4.2-5.6%.
Claims (7)
1. the method for the forge piece surface growth labyrinth based on powder melting increasing material manufacturing, characterized in that including following step
It is rapid:
A, base structure part model is designed according to the final part to be made and prepares base structure part；
B, structure design is carried out in base structure part model surface, obtains the threedimensional model of final part；
C, threedimensional model is subjected to two dimensionization slicing treatment, obtained parameter is imported into 3D printer, and use same base structure
The identical powder ready-to-print of part material；
D, base structure part is placed in 3D printer, powder melting formula is carried out on base structure part surface by 3D printer
Increasing material manufacturing processing, obtains final part.
2. the method for the forge piece surface growth labyrinth based on powder melting increasing material manufacturing as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in: using base structure part is first made in step a, 3-D scanning then is carried out to base structure part again or three coordinate machine is built
Base structure part model is made in the mode of mould.
3. the method for the forge piece surface growth labyrinth based on powder melting increasing material manufacturing as claimed in claim 2,
It is characterized in: prepares that casting can be used in base structure part, the mode that is forged or machined is made in step a.
4. the method for the forge piece surface growth labyrinth based on powder melting increasing material manufacturing as claimed in claim 3,
Be characterized in: the base structure part prepared in step a need to be heat-treated and is surface-treated.
5. the method for the forge piece surface growth labyrinth based on powder melting increasing material manufacturing as described in claim 1,
Be characterized in: the part of printing shaping in step d being machined out, is heat-treated, is surface-treated and lossless detection after be made final
Qualified components.
6. the forge piece surface based on powder melting increasing material manufacturing as described in Claims 1 to 5 any one claim is raw
The method of long labyrinth, it is characterized in that: the 3D printer in step d is high energy laser beam, electron beam or electric arc powder feeding cladding
Formula 3D printing platform.
7. the method for the forge piece surface growth labyrinth based on powder melting increasing material manufacturing as claimed in claim 6,
Be characterized in: 3D printing platform is using powder size having a size of 15~250 μm of Φ of spherical powder.
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| CN201810958783.2A CN109047760A (en) | 2018-08-22 | 2018-08-22 | The method of forge piece surface growth labyrinth based on powder melting increasing material manufacturing |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110295364A (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2019-10-01 | 陕西天元智能再制造股份有限公司 | A kind of profile-followed printout surface processing method of complex surface shape workpiece |
| CN110434340A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-11-12 | 燕山大学 | A kind of novel large titanium alloy forging mixed production method |
| CN111036923A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-04-21 | 西安铂力特增材技术股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing large-scale metal parts by combining casting and selective laser melting forming |
| CN114082962A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-02-25 | 国铭铸管股份有限公司 | Online repairing and annealing process for nodular cast pipe |
| CN115415546A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-12-02 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 | Method and device for manufacturing characteristic structure on surface of metal material in additive mode |
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| CN108339984A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-07-31 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | The method of forge piece surface growth labyrinth based on silk material 3D printing |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110295364A (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2019-10-01 | 陕西天元智能再制造股份有限公司 | A kind of profile-followed printout surface processing method of complex surface shape workpiece |
| CN110434340A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-11-12 | 燕山大学 | A kind of novel large titanium alloy forging mixed production method |
| CN111036923A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-04-21 | 西安铂力特增材技术股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing large-scale metal parts by combining casting and selective laser melting forming |
| CN114082962A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-02-25 | 国铭铸管股份有限公司 | Online repairing and annealing process for nodular cast pipe |
| CN114082962B (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2023-12-19 | 国铭铸管股份有限公司 | Online repairing and annealing process for spheroidal graphite cast tube |
| CN115415546A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-12-02 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 | Method and device for manufacturing characteristic structure on surface of metal material in additive mode |
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Application publication date: 20181221 |