CN105821408A - Method for adopting laser cladding to repair TC4-DT titanium alloys - Google Patents

Method for adopting laser cladding to repair TC4-DT titanium alloys Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105821408A
CN105821408A CN201610283519.4A CN201610283519A CN105821408A CN 105821408 A CN105821408 A CN 105821408A CN 201610283519 A CN201610283519 A CN 201610283519A CN 105821408 A CN105821408 A CN 105821408A
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laser
cover
cladding
melting coating
laser melting
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CN105821408B (en
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李万青
费跃
孙兵兵
陈冰清
张学军
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BEIJING INSTITUTE OF AERONAUTICAL MATERIALS CHINA AVIATION INDUSTRY GROUP Corp
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BEIJING INSTITUTE OF AERONAUTICAL MATERIALS CHINA AVIATION INDUSTRY GROUP Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
    • C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of laser processing, relates to a process method for adopting laser cladding to repair TC4-DT forged pieces, and is mainly used for maintenance of the processing out-of-tolerance and the service damage of TC4-DT titanium alloys. The method directs at TC4-DT titanium alloys, TC4-DT powder is selected and used as a cladding material; a cylindrical additional dragging cover is mounted at the front end of a laser cladding head; a mesh copper sheet is arranged inside the additional dragging cover and is located between the laser cladding head and the dragging cover; air holes are formed in the dragging cover. Through the method, reasonable laser cladding process parameters are used for repairing the TC4-DT forged pieces with the processing out-of-tolerance or the service damage; the deformation of the repaired parts is very small and is controlled within a tolerance range; the repaired positions are free of crack defects; and the service life of the repaired workpiece is prolonged. The method can be carried out in the atmosphere or argon-filled environment, is convenient to operate and adjust, and is suitable for repairing the parts.

Description

Laser melting coating is used to repair the process of TC4-DT titanium alloy
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of laser processing, relate to a kind of work using laser melting coating to repair TC4-DT forging Process, is mainly used in the overproof maintenance with damage of being on active service of TC4-DT titanic alloy machining.
Background technology
For meeting the design requirements such as aircraft weight amount, long-life and high environmental suitability, housing construction uses titanium in a large number Alloy and application technology thereof.Wherein, TC4-DT damage tolerance titanium alloy accounts for the 50% of full machine titanium alloy consumption, It is widely used in the crucial load-carrying construction such as main bulkhead and wing girder of fuselage.
Titanium alloy forging processing error in the course of processing and forging is impaired during using etc. that problem makes part only Can do and scrap process, but titanium alloy component especially TC4-DT whole frame material cost is high, specification is big, structure is complicated, Process-cycle is long, scraps and brings great economic loss to the manufacture of titanium alloy component, too increases aircraft simultaneously Production cost.
When repair welding TC4-DT titanium alloy forging, the heat input of argon tungsten-arc welding is excessive, easily causes weld crack And part deformation, and Thermal Cycle can affect the performance of mother metal, and repair welding quality cannot ensure.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of process using laser melting coating to repair TC4-DT forging, it is therefore an objective to repair TC4-DT titanic alloy machining is overproof and military service damages.
The technology of the present invention solution is:
The step of the method is:
(1) preparing cladding material, prepare same material powder according to TC4-DT chemical composition, filtering out granularity is 150 mesh～300 mesh are for laser repairing；
(2) repair front surface cleaning, use hand-held polishing gun to remove skim-coat dirt, and with wire wheel polishing grinding table Face, it is desirable to buffed surface is the most smooth excessively, finally cleans with acetone；
(3) dimensional measurement before repairing, uses slide gauge, measures area to be repaired size, and record is measured Data, calculate each layer and need cladding thickness；
(4) installation laser melting coating head is additional drags cover, and at laser melting coating head front end, one cylindrical shape of installation is additional drags cover, Adding in dragging cover and be furnished with mesh copper sheet, mesh copper sheet is placed in laser melting coating head and drags between cover, drags and has ventilation on cover Hole, passage is above mesh copper sheet；
(5) laser melting coating, is placed in TC4-DT titanium alloy to be repaired on laser melting coating head lower work platform, uses Laser dose powder melting method recover defective locations size, and leave 0.3～0.8mm allowance, laser
The technological parameter of cladding is: laser power 800～1200W, spot diameter 0.3～0.8mm, cladding speed 400～600mm/min, defocusing amount 0～13mm, powder feeding rate 2～10g/min, powder feeding gas 5～10L/min, protection Gas 10～25L/min, the thickness in monolayer of laser melting coating controls between 0.2～1.0mm, uses multilamellar cladding to complete；
(6) measure after repairing, measure cladding thickness, it is ensured that cladding layer leaves the allowance of 0.3～0.8mm, note Record measurement data；
(7) Non-Destructive Testing, uses fluorescence and x-ray inspection method, checks laser cladding layer, it is desirable to Flawless, incomplete fusion, inclusion defect；
(8) stress relief annealing, uses LWK-30T-0100 type temperature controller to carry out differential annealing or at air furnace Middle overall argon filling annealing, eliminates cladding layer residual stress, and annealing schedule is: 500～600 DEG C, and 1～3h, air cooling；
(9) machining, use car, milling, grind, the manufacturing process such as pincers processing restoring area, resizing, full Foot drawing requirement.Processing need to meet matching requirements；
(10) lonneal, after grinder terminates in 6 hours, does temper, eliminates processing working position Stress, tempering system is: 190 DEG C × 4h；
(11) Non-Destructive Testing, uses magnetic powder inspection method, checks working position, it is desirable to flawless defect.
For size without departing from the workpiece limited, argon filling environmental conservation cover can be used to substitute and to be arranged on laser melting coating head The additional cover that drags of front end, argon filling environmental conservation cover is installed above ties tight on the chuck of laser cladding head rear end and with clip, At workbench, one work chassis is installed, is arranged on work chassis below argon filling environmental conservation cover and has clip to tie tight, Air vent and air inlet is respectively had, for argon filling environmental conservation cover on laser cladding head rear end chuck and workstation chassis Being filled with and discharging of interior argon, rear end chuck also has and measures mouth with the oxygen in monitoring argon filling environmental conservation cover in real time Content, TC4-DT titanium alloy to be repaired is placed in argon filling environmental conservation cover, and argon-filled protection cover is by 0.05mm thickness Kapton is made, and has both flexibility and resistance to elevated temperatures.
The present invention has the advantage that and beneficial effect
The present invention is directed to TC4-DT titanium alloy, selection TC4-DT powder is as cladding material, at laser melting coating head At front end, one cylindrical shape of installation is additional drags cover, adds in dragging cover and is furnished with mesh copper sheet, and mesh copper sheet is placed in laser and melts Cover head and drag between cover, dragging and on cover, have passage.The present invention uses rational laser cladding technological parameter, to adding Overproof or damage of being on active service the TC4-DT forging of work is repaired.The part deformation repaired is the least, controls in public affairs In the range of difference；Repair position flawless defect；After reparation, the service life of workpiece extends.The present invention uses laser to melt Cover reparation TC4-DT titanic alloy machining overproof and be on active service damage, laser melting coating has following excellent compared with common welding method Gesture: laser energy density is high, firing rate is fast, and heat input during reparation is extremely low, can greatly reduce workpiece deformation, And reduce the thermal cycle impact on mother metal performance.Laser melting coating reparation can be carried out in air or argon filling environment,
Operation adjustment is convenient, is suitable for the repair of part.
Present invention advantage based on laser melting and coating technique, uses TC4-DT powder to exist in early-stage Study of the present invention Carry out laser melting coating repair welding test in TC4-DT matrix test block, to the microstructure of cladding sample, stretched, split The performances such as stricture of vagina spreading rate are studied, cladding dense structure zero defect, and tensile strength is suitable with mother metal, extend Rate and crack growth rate reach mother metal standard-required.
The technology of the present invention can be used for the overproof reparation with damage of being on active service of TC4-DT titanic alloy machining, ties up for Aircraft Production Repairing cost-effective, corresponding result of study fills the domestic gaps, and the development for high thrust-weight ratio engine provides technology storage Standby.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is additional drags cover structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is argon filling environmental conservation cover structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention:
Below with reference to example, technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail:
According to TC4-DT forging position to be repaired and processing error or military service degree of injury, specify recovery scenario, real Impose lower concrete steps:
(1) preparing cladding material, prepare same material powder according to TC4-DT chemical composition, filtering out granularity is 150 mesh～300 mesh are for laser repairing；
(2) repair front surface cleaning, use hand-held polishing gun to remove skim-coat dirt, and with wire wheel polishing grinding table Face, it is desirable to buffed surface is the most smooth excessively, finally cleans with acetone；
(3) dimensional measurement before repairing, uses slide gauge, measures area to be repaired size, and record is measured Data, calculate each layer and need cladding thickness；
(4) installation laser melting coating head is additional drags cover, and at laser melting coating head front end, one cylindrical shape of installation is additional drags cover 1, additional drag cover in be furnished with mesh copper sheet 2, mesh copper sheet 2 is placed in laser melting coating head 3 and additional drags between cover 1, Protection air-flow 4 inputs via passage 5, by covering laser beam 6 and powder filler 7 after mesh copper sheet 2, i.e. Argon shield effect can be improved, add and drag the structure of cover and mesh copper sheet as shown in Figure 1；
(5) laser melting coating, is placed in TC4-DT titanium alloy to be repaired on laser melting coating head lower work platform, uses Laser dose powder melting method recover defective locations size, and leave 0.3～0.8mm allowance, laser The technological parameter of cladding is: laser power 800～1200W, spot diameter 0.3～0.8mm, cladding speed 400～600mm/min, defocusing amount 0～13mm, powder feeding rate 2～10g/min, powder feeding gas 5～10L/min, protection Gas 10～25L/min, the thickness in monolayer of laser melting coating controls between 0.2～1.0mm, uses multilamellar cladding to complete；
(6) measure after repairing, measure cladding thickness, it is ensured that cladding layer leaves the allowance of 0.3～0.8mm, note Record measurement data；
(7) Non-Destructive Testing, uses fluorescence and x-ray inspection method, checks laser cladding layer, it is desirable to Flawless, incomplete fusion, inclusion defect；
(8) stress relief annealing, uses LWK-30T-0100 type temperature controller to carry out differential annealing or at air furnace Middle overall argon filling annealing, eliminates cladding layer residual stress, and annealing schedule is: 500～600 DEG C, and 1～3h, air cooling；
(9) machining, use car, milling, grind, the manufacturing process such as pincers processing restoring area, resizing, full Foot drawing requirement.Processing need to meet matching requirements；
(10) lonneal, after grinder terminates in 6 hours, does temper, eliminates processing working position Stress, tempering system is: 190 DEG C × 4h；
(11) Non-Destructive Testing, uses magnetic powder inspection method, checks working position, it is desirable to flawless defect.
For size without departing from the workpiece limited, argon filling environmental conservation cover 8 can be used to substitute and to be arranged on laser melting coating The additional cover that drags of head front end, argon filling environmental conservation cover is installed above on laser cladding head rear end chuck 9 and use clip 10 tie tight, install a work chassis at workbench, are arranged on work chassis 11 below argon filling environmental conservation cover And have clip 12 to tie tight, laser cladding head rear end chuck 9 and workstation chassis respectively have passage 13 He 15, in argon filling environmental conservation cover, argon being filled with and discharging, in order to measure the oxygen in argon filling environmental conservation cover 8 Content, chuck 9 can also be opened a measurement of oxygen content mouth 14, and TC4-DT titanium alloy 16 to be repaired is placed in and fills In argon environment protective cover, argon-filled protection cover is made up of the Kapton that 0.05mm is thick, has both flexible and resistance to height Warm nature energy.As shown in Figure 2
Embodiment one
Laser melting coating is used to repair TC4-DT titanium alloy forging crackle.
(1) the TC4-DT powder of 150 mesh～300 mesh is prepared for repairing；
(2) record crack length 17.32mm, use hand sand rifle thoroughly to be removed by the crackle on forging, polishing Obtain one and be about 25mm, wide about 10mm, the V-groove of the most about 3mm, use acetone scrub；
(3) installation laser melting coating head is additional drags cover and mesh copper sheet；
(4) technological parameter in employing table 1 carries out laser melting coating filling to the groove of polishing；
The technological parameter of table 1 instantiation one
(5) measure cladding layer after repairing and there is the allowance of 0.64mm；
(6) workpiece after repairing carrying out fluoroscopic examination and X-ray detection, flawless, incomplete fusion, be mingled with etc. lacks Fall into；
(7) use LWK-30T-0100 type temperature controller that workpiece after repairing is carried out local destressing annealing, move back Fire preparing degree is: 500～600 DEG C, 1～3h, and air cooling；
(8) by workpiece drawing requirement, TC4-DT titanium alloy forging laser melting coating region is carried out machining；
(9) carrying out lonneal after processing, tempering system is: 190 DEG C × 4h；
(10) working position is carried out the defects such as magnetic powder inspection, result flawless.
Embodiment two
Laser melting coating is used to repair the TC4-DT pre-crackle of titanium alloy test block.
(1) the TC4-DT powder of 150 mesh～300 mesh is prepared for repairing；
(2) a preset 10mm crackle in TC4-DT test block, uses hand sand rifle by the crackle in test block Thoroughly removing, polishing obtains one and is about 14mm, wide about 8mm, and the V-groove of the most about 2.5mm, with third Ketone scrub；
(3) installing argon filling environmental conservation cover 8, argon filling environmental conservation cover is installed above at laser cladding head rear end chuck Tie tight on 9 and with clip 10, be arranged on work chassis 11 below argon filling environmental conservation cover and tie tight with clip 12, Have air vent 13 and measurement of oxygen content mouth 14 on chuck 9, workstation chassis has air inlet 15, to be repaired TC4-DT titanium alloy 16 is placed in argon filling environmental conservation cover, and argon-filled protection cover is thin by the polyimides that 0.05mm is thick Film is made, as shown in Figure 2；
(4) technological parameter in employing table 1 carries out laser melting coating filling to the groove of polishing；
(5) measure cladding layer after repairing and there is the allowance of 0.51mm；
(6) test block after repairing carrying out fluoroscopic examination and X-ray detection, flawless, incomplete fusion, be mingled with etc. lacks Fall into；
(7) using argon filling box that the test block after repairing is carried out stress relief annealing in air furnace, annealing schedule is: 500～600 DEG C, 1～3h, air cooling；
(8) by smooth for the processing of TC4-DT titanium alloy test block laser melting coating zone machines；
(9) carrying out lonneal after processing, tempering system is: 190 DEG C × 4h；
(10) working position is carried out the defects such as magnetic powder inspection, result flawless.

Claims (2)

1. the process using laser melting coating to repair TC4-DT titanium alloy is characterized in that: the step of the method is:
(1) preparing cladding material, prepare same material powder according to TC4-DT chemical composition, filtering out granularity is 150 mesh～300 mesh are for laser repairing；
(2) repair front surface cleaning, use hand-held polishing gun to remove skim-coat dirt, and with wire wheel polishing grinding table Face, it is desirable to buffed surface is the most smooth excessively, finally cleans with acetone；
(3) dimensional measurement before repairing, uses slide gauge, measures area to be repaired size, and record is measured Data, calculate each layer and need cladding thickness；
(4) installation laser melting coating head is additional drags cover, and at laser melting coating head front end, one cylindrical shape of installation is additional drags cover, Adding the copper sheet being provided with mesh in dragging cover, copper sheet is placed in laser melting coating head and drags between cover, dragging and have ventilation on cover Hole, passage is above copper sheet；
(5) laser melting coating, is placed in TC4-DT titanium alloy to be repaired on laser melting coating head lower work platform, uses Laser dose powder melting method recover defective locations size, and leave 0.3～0.8mm allowance, laser The technological parameter of cladding is: laser power 800～1200W, spot diameter 0.3～0.8mm, cladding speed 400～600mm/min, defocusing amount 0～13mm, powder feeding rate 2～10g/min, powder feeding gas 5～10L/min, protection Gas 10～25L/min, the thickness in monolayer of laser melting coating controls between 0.2～1.0mm, uses multilamellar cladding to complete；
(6) measure after repairing, measure cladding thickness, it is ensured that cladding layer leaves the allowance of 0.3～0.8mm, note Record measurement data；
(7) Non-Destructive Testing, uses fluorescence and x-ray inspection method, checks laser cladding layer, it is desirable to Flawless, incomplete fusion, inclusion defect；
(8) stress relief annealing, uses LWK-30T-0100 type temperature controller to carry out differential annealing or at air furnace Middle overall argon filling annealing, eliminates cladding layer residual stress, and annealing schedule is: 500～600 DEG C, and 1～3h, air cooling；
(9) machining, use car, milling, grind, the manufacturing process such as pincers processing restoring area, resizing, full Foot drawing requirement.Processing need to meet matching requirements；
(10) lonneal, after grinder terminates in 6 hours, does temper, eliminates processing working position Stress, tempering system is: 190 DEG C × 4h；
(11) Non-Destructive Testing, uses magnetic powder inspection method, checks working position, it is desirable to flawless defect.
Employing laser melting coating the most according to claim 1 repairs the process of TC4-DT titanium alloy, and it is special Levy and be, use argon filling environmental conservation cover to substitute the additional cover that drags being arranged on laser melting coating head front end, argon filling environmental conservation Cover and installed above tie tight on the chuck of laser cladding head rear end and with clip, at workbench, one work chassis is installed, It is arranged on work chassis below argon filling environmental conservation cover and ties tight with clip, laser cladding head rear end chuck and work Respectively having passage on platform chassis, TC4-DT titanium alloy to be repaired is placed in argon filling environmental conservation cover, argon-filled protection Cover the Kapton by 0.05mm is thick to make.
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CN107130240A (en) * 2017-06-29 2017-09-05 温州大学 Laser melting-painting nozzle, laser cladding apparatus and laser cover melting method
CN107675167A (en) * 2017-09-04 2018-02-09 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 A kind of superhigh intensity steel member ultrasonic impact auxiliary laser cladding restorative procedure
CN108070740A (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-05-25 沈阳大陆激光技术有限公司 A kind of laser repairing material for repairing titanium alloy spool and valve seat
CN110983103A (en) * 2019-12-05 2020-04-10 江西瑞曼增材科技有限公司 3D printing laser repair method for TB6 titanium alloy
CN111593342A (en) * 2020-06-10 2020-08-28 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 Powder for repairing TC4 rotating shaft and rocker arm abrasion defects through laser cladding and process method
CN112159980A (en) * 2020-09-15 2021-01-01 国营芜湖机械厂 Laser cladding local anti-oxidation device for airplane protective grating and rapid manufacturing method thereof
CN112553620A (en) * 2020-12-08 2021-03-26 上海交通大学 Gas protection cover device for laser cladding coaxial powder feeding gun
CN112548482A (en) * 2020-10-28 2021-03-26 中国人民解放军空军工程大学航空机务士官学校 TC4 titanium alloy structure in-situ growth repair process based on micro-arc additive manufacturing and tool kit
CN113668303A (en) * 2021-08-19 2021-11-19 燕山大学 Rolling forming device and rolling method for repairing profile of steel rail
CN113699522A (en) * 2021-09-23 2021-11-26 苏州大学 Non-ferrous metal laser cladding method
CN113930758A (en) * 2021-09-23 2022-01-14 苏州大学 High-adaptability anti-oxidation laser cladding device
CN113996803A (en) * 2021-10-15 2022-02-01 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 Process method for remanufacturing shell hole rolling groove by direct laser deposition
CN114082962A (en) * 2021-11-22 2022-02-25 国铭铸管股份有限公司 Online repairing and annealing process for nodular cast pipe
CN114434086A (en) * 2021-12-26 2022-05-06 国营四达机械制造公司 Method for repairing surface cracks of titanium alloy thin-walled workpiece
CN115386873A (en) * 2022-09-06 2022-11-25 北京航星机器制造有限公司 Defect repairing method for TA15 titanium alloy part formed by selective laser melting

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CN107130240A (en) * 2017-06-29 2017-09-05 温州大学 Laser melting-painting nozzle, laser cladding apparatus and laser cover melting method
CN107675167A (en) * 2017-09-04 2018-02-09 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 A kind of superhigh intensity steel member ultrasonic impact auxiliary laser cladding restorative procedure
CN108070740A (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-05-25 沈阳大陆激光技术有限公司 A kind of laser repairing material for repairing titanium alloy spool and valve seat
CN110983103A (en) * 2019-12-05 2020-04-10 江西瑞曼增材科技有限公司 3D printing laser repair method for TB6 titanium alloy
CN111593342A (en) * 2020-06-10 2020-08-28 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 Powder for repairing TC4 rotating shaft and rocker arm abrasion defects through laser cladding and process method
CN112159980A (en) * 2020-09-15 2021-01-01 国营芜湖机械厂 Laser cladding local anti-oxidation device for airplane protective grating and rapid manufacturing method thereof
CN112548482A (en) * 2020-10-28 2021-03-26 中国人民解放军空军工程大学航空机务士官学校 TC4 titanium alloy structure in-situ growth repair process based on micro-arc additive manufacturing and tool kit
CN112553620A (en) * 2020-12-08 2021-03-26 上海交通大学 Gas protection cover device for laser cladding coaxial powder feeding gun
CN113668303A (en) * 2021-08-19 2021-11-19 燕山大学 Rolling forming device and rolling method for repairing profile of steel rail
CN113699522A (en) * 2021-09-23 2021-11-26 苏州大学 Non-ferrous metal laser cladding method
CN113930758A (en) * 2021-09-23 2022-01-14 苏州大学 High-adaptability anti-oxidation laser cladding device
CN113996803A (en) * 2021-10-15 2022-02-01 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 Process method for remanufacturing shell hole rolling groove by direct laser deposition
CN114082962A (en) * 2021-11-22 2022-02-25 国铭铸管股份有限公司 Online repairing and annealing process for nodular cast pipe
CN114082962B (en) * 2021-11-22 2023-12-19 国铭铸管股份有限公司 Online repairing and annealing process for spheroidal graphite cast tube
CN114434086A (en) * 2021-12-26 2022-05-06 国营四达机械制造公司 Method for repairing surface cracks of titanium alloy thin-walled workpiece
CN115386873A (en) * 2022-09-06 2022-11-25 北京航星机器制造有限公司 Defect repairing method for TA15 titanium alloy part formed by selective laser melting

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