CN114082872A - TC4 titanium alloy fastener thread roll forming method - Google Patents
TC4 titanium alloy fastener thread roll forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114082872A CN114082872A CN202111446800.2A CN202111446800A CN114082872A CN 114082872 A CN114082872 A CN 114082872A CN 202111446800 A CN202111446800 A CN 202111446800A CN 114082872 A CN114082872 A CN 114082872A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 75
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H3/00—Making helical bodies or bodies having parts of helical shape
- B21H3/02—Making helical bodies or bodies having parts of helical shape external screw-threads ; Making dies for thread rolling
- B21H3/04—Making by means of profiled-rolls or die rolls
- B21H3/042—Thread-rolling heads
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
- H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
- H05B6/101—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications for local heating of metal pieces
- H05B6/102—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications for local heating of metal pieces the metal pieces being rotated while induction heated
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Reduction Rolling/Reduction Stand/Operation Of Reduction Machine (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a TC4 titanium alloy fastener thread roll forming method, which comprises the following steps: s1, installing a heating tool; s2, placing a semi-finished fastener; s3, rotating the semi-finished fastener; s4, local heating; and S5, rolling and forming. The invention effectively ensures the stability, the heating uniformity and the safety of the position of the thread blank rod in the heating process, can well solve the problem that the thread is partially blocked or can not be blocked after warm rolling, ensures the stable and reliable quality after thread rolling and the qualified comprehensive characteristic dimension of the thread, and improves the processing quality of products and the economic benefit of production and operation; the heating tool is simple in structure and low in price, and good cost reduction and effect improvement effects can be achieved in the production and manufacturing process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thread machining, in particular to a TC4 titanium alloy fastener external thread roll forming method.
Background
TC4 is a moderate-strength alpha-beta type two-phase titanium alloy which has good process plasticity and superplasticity and is suitable for various pressure processing forming. The composite material is mainly used for manufacturing fans, compressor disks and blades of engines in aerospace, and important bearing members such as beams, joints, bulkheads and the like in airplane structures. The TC4 titanium alloy can be strengthened to a certain extent by adopting solid solution aging, however, the through-hardened section of the titanium alloy is generally not more than 25mm, when the external thread of a fastener TC4 titanium alloy fastener with the thread major diameter specification of more than or equal to 1.25in is rolled, the thread major diameter section is more than 25mm, so that the roll forming is difficult, and the thread can not be passed along or partially stopped locally in the thread rolling process by adopting a common rolling method and tool equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a method for roll forming an external thread of a large-sized TC4 titanium alloy fastener, which can solve the problem of local thread blockage or thread blockage during the thread rolling process, and the heating device used in the method can ensure the stability, heating uniformity and safety of the diameter position of the rolled thread blank during the heating process, so that the quality of the rolled thread is stable and reliable.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a TC4 titanium alloy fastener thread roll forming method comprises the following steps:
s1, installing a heating tool:
assembling the heating tool on an operation platform; the heating tool comprises a bearing mechanism and a heating mechanism; the bearing mechanism is arranged on the operating platform and can axially rotate; the heating mechanism comprises a supporting plate arranged above the bearing mechanism and an electromagnetic induction heater which is fixed at the bottom of the supporting plate and is provided with a cylindrical heating coil; the heating coil is positioned right above the bearing mechanism and is spirally sleeved outside the bearing mechanism downwards; a loading hole is arranged at the position right above the heating coil on the supporting plate; the bearing mechanism can move up and down in the heating coil and the top of the bearing mechanism can extend out of the loading hole.
S2, placing a semi-finished fastener:
moving the bearing mechanism upwards to enable the top of the bearing mechanism to extend upwards to the outside of the loading hole, vertically placing a semi-finished fastener which is finished with head, a polished rod and a threaded billet rod and is subjected to finish machining molding on the top of the bearing mechanism, moving the bearing structure downwards, and driving the semi-finished fastener to move downwards by the bearing mechanism until the threaded billet rods of the semi-finished fastener are all positioned in the heating coil.
S3, rotating the semi-finished fastener:
the bearing mechanism is rotated at a constant speed, and then the semi-finished product fastener is driven to rotate axially at a constant speed in the heating coil. The local heating mode is carried out to the screw thread base pole under the circumstances at the uniform velocity pivoted, can guarantee screw thread base footpath heating position uniformity and homogeneity to effectual having avoided the screw thread base footpath to be heated inhomogeneous and lead to the problem that the screw thread part can't be in the same direction as or part can't end, effectual reliability and the stability that has improved product quality.
S4, local heating:
and starting an electromagnetic induction heater, and heating the threaded blank rod of the semi-finished fastener by using a heating coil. The heating time control is appropriately adjusted as required.
S5, rolling forming:
and after heating is finished, closing the electromagnetic induction heater, stopping the rotation of the bearing mechanism, simultaneously pushing the bearing mechanism and the semi-finished product fastener at the top of the bearing mechanism to move upwards until the semi-finished product fastener completely passes through the loading hole upwards, manually grabbing the semi-finished product fastener on the bearing mechanism by using a tool or automatically using a manipulator, moving the semi-finished product fastener on a thread rolling machine, and rolling threads on the thread blank rod by using the thread rolling machine. The step is that the thread rolling processing (namely warm rolling processing) is carried out under the condition that the temperature of the semi-finished fastener is still high, the warm rolling processing thread can improve the fluidity and plastic deformation capability of the material so as to ensure that the product can be formed by rolling; the time from turning off the electromagnetic induction heater to moving the semi-finished fastener through the thread roller is controlled to be within 5 seconds, and the shorter the time, the better the time.
Further, the specification of the thread major diameter of the TC4 titanium alloy fastener is greater than or equal to 1.25 in.
Furthermore, the bearing mechanism comprises a bottom plate, a base plate, an ejector rod and a sleeve which are sequentially arranged under the heating coil from bottom to top and can move up and down; the bottom plate is arranged on the operating platform and can axially rotate; the base plate is fixed on the bottom plate; the ejector rod is vertically arranged on the base plate, the sleeve is in threaded connection with the top of the ejector rod and can move up and down along the ejector rod (the bottom of the sleeve is provided with a threaded hole in threaded fit with the top of the ejector rod, the threaded hole has a certain depth, so that the sleeve can freely rotate to adjust the height of a semi-finished fastener therein, and a threaded blank rod of the semi-finished fastener can be effectively positioned in the heating range of the electromagnetic induction heater by adjusting the sleeve); the ejector rod and the sleeve can move up and down in the heating coil and can extend out of the loading hole upwards; the ejector rod and the sleeve are both made of insulating materials (insulating non-metallic materials); the top of the sleeve is provided with a placing groove.
Further, when the semi-finished fastener is placed, the head of the semi-finished fastener and the polish rod are placed in the placing groove, and the thread blank rod of the semi-finished fastener extends upwards out of the placing groove; after the semi-finished fastener is placed in the placing groove, rough adjustment is carried out by moving the bearing mechanism downwards, the bearing mechanism is utilized to drive the semi-finished fastener to move downwards into the heating coil, and then the sleeve is spirally rotated to carry out fine adjustment until all thread blank rods of the semi-finished fastener are positioned in the heating coil.
Furthermore, a speed reducing motor is connected to the bottom of the bottom plate; the speed reduction motor is installed on the operation platform and can drive the bottom plate to axially rotate at a constant speed.
Furthermore, the cross section of the ejector rod is of an inverted T-shaped structure.
Further, the backing plate is in threaded connection or clamping connection with the ejector rod. The stability of the ejector rod is improved, and meanwhile, the stability of the diameter heating process of the threaded blank is greatly improved.
Further, the ejector rod and the sleeve are both made of nylon materials. The ejector rod and the sleeve have an insulating effect and cannot transfer heat, the semi-finished fastener is convenient to grab in the thread rolling process, and a good safety protection effect can be achieved.
Further, a heat insulation layer is arranged on the inner wall of the placing groove. Heat transfer to the sleeve along the head of the semi-finished fastener is further avoided.
Furthermore, a lifting mechanism capable of pushing the operating platform and the upper bearing structure thereof to move up and down is arranged at the bottom of the operating platform.
Further, the lifting mechanism is any one of an electric push rod, a hydraulic push rod, an electric cylinder and a pneumatic push rod.
The invention effectively ensures the stability, the heating uniformity and the safety of the position of the thread blank rod in the heating process, can well solve the problem that the thread is partially blocked or can not be blocked after warm rolling, ensures the stable and reliable quality after thread rolling and the qualified comprehensive characteristic dimension of the thread, and improves the processing quality of products and the economic benefit of production and operation; the heating tool is simple in structure and low in price, and good cost reduction and effect improvement effects can be achieved in the production and manufacturing process.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heating tool in the TC4 titanium alloy fastener thread roll forming method of the invention;
shown in the figure: 1-bottom plate, 2-backing plate, 3-ejector rod, 4-sleeve, 5-semi-finished product fastener, 6-electromagnetic induction heater, 7-support plate, 8-loading hole, 9-placing groove and L-thread blank rod.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
It should be understood that the structures, proportions, and dimensions shown in the drawings and described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims, but rather by the claims. In addition, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and "middle" used in the present specification are for convenience of description only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or modifications of the relative relationship thereof may be regarded as the scope of the present invention without substantial changes in the technical contents.
A TC4 titanium alloy fastener thread roll forming method is provided, the TC4 titanium alloy fastener thread major diameter specification is larger than or equal to 1.25in, the roll forming method comprises the following steps:
s1, installing a heating tool:
and assembling the heating tool on the operating platform.
As shown in fig. 1, the heating tool includes a speed reduction motor, a bearing mechanism, a heating mechanism, and a lifting mechanism;
the speed reducing motor is installed on the operation platform. Is a conventional gear motor.
The bearing mechanism is arranged on the operating platform and can axially rotate;
the bearing mechanism comprises a bottom plate 1, a backing plate 2, an ejector rod 3 and a sleeve 4 which are sequentially arranged under a heating coil 6 from bottom to top and can move up and down.
The bottom plate 1 is arranged on the operation platform and can axially rotate. The bottom of the bottom plate 1 is arranged on a rotating shaft of the speed reducing motor and can rotate at a constant speed under the driving of the speed reducing motor. The bottom plate 1 is preferably a cylindrical plate, and the center of the bottom plate is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft of the speed reducing motor.
The backing plate 2 is fixed on the bottom plate 1. The base plate 2 with different thickness is fixed on the bottom plate 1 according to the requirement. The middle part of the backing plate 2 is provided with a groove. The shim plate 2 is also preferably a cylindrical plate.
The ejector rod 3 is vertically arranged on the backing plate 2. The cross-section of ejector pin 3 is the structure of falling T (the bottom is wide, and the top is thin), ejector pin 3 bottom for with the recess cooperation and block or the circular or square board of threaded connection in the recess (increased ejector pin 3's stability, also make simultaneously that screw thread blank pole L is heated the stability of process and obtain improving by a wide margin), and the cylindrical body of rod of ejector pin 3 upper portion for vertical an organic whole fixes on circular or square board, is equipped with the external screw thread at body of rod top.
The sleeve 4 is in threaded connection with the top of the ejector rod 3 and can move up and down along the ejector rod 3, a threaded hole matched with the top of the ejector rod 3 in a threaded mode is formed in the bottom of the sleeve 4, the threaded hole is deep to a certain extent (enough stroke is provided for the sleeve 4 to move up and down along the ejector rod 3), so that the sleeve 4 can adjust the height of the semi-finished fastener 5in the sleeve through free rotation, and the threaded blank rod L of the semi-finished fastener 5 can be effectively located in the heating range of a heating coil 6 of an electromagnetic induction heater through the adjustment sleeve 4. A placing groove 9 is formed in the top of the sleeve 4, and the placing groove 9 is used for placing the semi-finished fastener 5; the inner wall of the placing groove 9 is provided with a heat insulating layer, so that heat can be further prevented from being transferred to the sleeve 4 along the head of the semi-finished fastener 5.
The ejector rod 3 and the sleeve 4 can move up and down in the heating coil 6 and can extend out of the loading hole 8; ejector pin 3 and sleeve 4 all are made by insulating material (preferred nylon materials), and ejector pin 3 and sleeve 4 have the unable heat transfer of insulating effect, conveniently snatch semi-manufactured goods fastener 5in the screw thread rolling course of working, can play fine safety protection effect.
The heating mechanism comprises a supporting plate 7 and an electromagnetic induction heater.
The support plate 7 is arranged above the carrying mechanism (directly above the sleeve 4). A loading hole 8 is provided in the support plate 7 at a position directly above the heating coil 6. The carrying mechanism can move up and down in the heating coil 6 and its top can extend upwards out of the loading hole 8.
The electromagnetic induction heater is fixed at the bottom of the supporting plate 7. The existing electromagnetic induction heater is mainly composed of a heating coil 6 and an electromagnetic induction controller. The heating coil 6 is cylindrical, is positioned right above the bearing mechanism (sleeve 4) and is spirally sleeved outside the bearing mechanism (sleeve 4) downwards.
The lifting mechanism is vertically arranged at the bottom of the operating platform and can push the operating platform and the upper bearing structure thereof to move up and down. The lifting mechanism is any one of an electric push rod, a hydraulic push rod, an electric cylinder and a pneumatic push rod.
S2, placing a semi-finished fastener 5:
starting the lifting mechanism, pushing the bearing mechanism to move upwards through the lifting mechanism, enabling the top (sleeve 4) of the bearing mechanism to extend upwards to the outside of the loading hole 8 (stopping the lifting mechanism), vertically placing the semi-finished fastener 5 which completes the finish machining and forming of the head, the polished rod and the threaded billet rod on the top of the bearing mechanism (in the placing groove 9 at the top of the sleeve), enabling the head of the semi-finished fastener 5 and the polished rod to be placed in the placing groove 9, and enabling the threaded billet rod L of the semi-finished fastener to extend upwards out of the placing groove 9.
After the semi-finished fastener 5 is placed in the placing groove 9, the lifting mechanism is started, the lifting mechanism drives the bearing mechanism to move downwards for rough adjustment, the bearing mechanism drives the semi-finished fastener 5 to move downwards into the heating coil 6 (the lifting mechanism is stopped), and then the sleeve 4 is manually and spirally rotated for fine adjustment until the threaded blank rods L of the semi-finished fastener 5 are all positioned in the heating coil (the heating area can be heated).
S3, rotating the semi-finished fastener 5:
the speed reducing motor is started, the speed reducing motor drives the bottom plate 1 of the bearing mechanism to axially rotate at a constant speed (when the bottom plate 1 rotates, the base plate 2, the ejector rod 3, the sleeve 4 and the semi-finished fastener 5 also synchronously rotate), and the rotation of the bottom plate 1 can drive the semi-finished fastener 5 to axially rotate at a constant speed in the heating coil 6. Carry out the local heating mode to screw thread blank pole L under the circumstances at the uniform velocity pivoted, can guarantee screw thread blank pole L heating position uniformity and homogeneity to effectual screw thread blank pole L of having avoided being heated inhomogeneous leads to the local unable problem of following in the same direction as or local not living of screw thread, the effectual reliability and the stability that have improved product quality.
S4, local heating:
the electromagnetic induction heater is turned on and the threaded preform L of the semi-finished fastener 5 is heated by the heating coil 6. The heating time control is appropriately adjusted as required.
S5, rolling forming:
after heating is finished, the electromagnetic induction heater is turned off, the bearing mechanism stops rotating, meanwhile, the bearing mechanism and the semi-finished product fastener 5 at the top of the bearing mechanism are pushed by the lifting mechanism to move upwards until the semi-finished product fastener 5 completely penetrates through the loading hole 8 upwards, the semi-finished product fastener 5 on the bearing mechanism is manually grabbed by a tool or automatically grabbed by a manipulator and moved to a thread rolling machine, and threads are rolled on the threaded blank rod L by the thread rolling machine. The step is that the thread rolling processing (namely warm rolling processing) is carried out under the condition that the temperature of the semi-finished fastener 5 is still high, the warm rolling processing thread can improve the fluidity and plastic deformation capability of the material so as to ensure that the product can be formed by rolling; the time from turning off the electromagnetic induction heater to moving the semi-finished fastener 5 on the thread rolling machine is controlled to be within 5 seconds, the shorter this time, the better.
It is to be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The scope of the present invention is not limited to the technical solutions disclosed in the embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A TC4 titanium alloy fastener thread roll forming method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, installing a heating tool:
assembling the heating tool on an operation platform; the heating tool comprises a bearing mechanism and a heating mechanism; the bearing mechanism is arranged on the operating platform and can axially rotate; the heating mechanism comprises a supporting plate arranged above the bearing mechanism and an electromagnetic induction heater which is fixed at the bottom of the supporting plate and is provided with a cylindrical heating coil; the heating coil is positioned right above the bearing mechanism and is spirally sleeved outside the bearing mechanism downwards; a loading hole is arranged at the position right above the heating coil on the supporting plate; the bearing mechanism can move up and down in the heating coil, and the top of the bearing mechanism can extend out of the loading hole upwards;
s2, placing a semi-finished fastener:
moving the bearing mechanism upwards to enable the top of the bearing mechanism to extend upwards to the outside of the loading hole, vertically placing a semi-finished fastener which is finished with the head, a polished rod and a threaded billet rod and is subjected to finish machining on the top of the bearing mechanism, moving the bearing structure downwards, and driving the semi-finished fastener to move downwards by the bearing mechanism until the threaded billet rods of the semi-finished fastener are all positioned in the heating coil;
s3, rotating the semi-finished fastener:
rotating the bearing mechanism at a constant speed so as to drive the semi-finished fastener to axially rotate at a constant speed in the heating coil;
s4, local heating:
starting an electromagnetic induction heater, and heating the threaded blank rod of the semi-finished fastener by using a heating coil;
s5, rolling forming:
and after heating is finished, closing the electromagnetic induction heater, stopping the rotation of the bearing mechanism, simultaneously pushing the bearing mechanism and the semi-finished product fastener at the top of the bearing mechanism to move upwards until the semi-finished product fastener completely passes through the loading hole upwards, manually grabbing the semi-finished product fastener on the bearing mechanism by using a tool or automatically using a manipulator, moving the semi-finished product fastener on a thread rolling machine, and rolling threads on the thread blank rod by using the thread rolling machine.
2. The method of roll forming a thread on a TC4 titanium alloy fastener according to claim 1, wherein: the specification of the thread major diameter of the TC4 titanium alloy fastener is greater than or equal to 1.25 in.
3. The method of roll forming a thread on a TC4 titanium alloy fastener according to claim 1, wherein: the bearing mechanism comprises a bottom plate, a base plate, an ejector rod and a sleeve which are sequentially arranged under the heating coil from bottom to top and can move up and down; the bottom plate is arranged on the operating platform and can axially rotate; the base plate is fixed on the bottom plate; the ejector rod is vertically arranged on the base plate, and the sleeve is in threaded connection with the top of the ejector rod and can move up and down along the ejector rod; the ejector rod and the sleeve can move up and down in the heating coil and can extend out of the loading hole upwards; the ejector rod and the sleeve are both made of insulating materials; the top of the sleeve is provided with a placing groove.
4. The method of roll forming a TC4 titanium alloy fastener thread according to claim 3, wherein: when the semi-finished fastener is placed, the head of the semi-finished fastener and the polish rod are placed in the placing groove, and the thread blank rod of the semi-finished fastener extends upwards out of the placing groove; after the semi-finished fastener is placed in the placing groove, rough adjustment is carried out by moving the bearing mechanism downwards, the bearing mechanism is utilized to drive the semi-finished fastener to move downwards into the heating coil, and then the sleeve is spirally rotated to carry out fine adjustment until all thread blank rods of the semi-finished fastener are positioned in the heating coil.
5. The method of roll forming a TC4 titanium alloy fastener thread according to claim 3, wherein: the bottom of the bottom plate is connected with a speed reducing motor; the speed reduction motor is installed on the operation platform and can drive the bottom plate to axially rotate at a constant speed.
6. The method of roll forming a TC4 titanium alloy fastener thread according to claim 3, wherein: the cross section of the ejector rod is of an inverted T-shaped structure.
7. The method of roll forming a TC4 titanium alloy fastener thread according to claim 3, wherein: the ejector rod and the sleeve are both made of nylon materials.
8. The method of roll forming a TC4 titanium alloy fastener thread according to claim 3, wherein: the inner wall of the placing groove is provided with a heat insulation layer.
9. The method of roll forming a TC4 titanium alloy fastener thread according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein: and a lifting mechanism capable of pushing the operating platform and the upper bearing structure thereof to move up and down is arranged at the bottom of the operating platform.
10. The TC4 titanium alloy fastener thread roll forming method of claim 9, wherein: the lifting mechanism is any one of an electric push rod, a hydraulic push rod, an electric cylinder and a pneumatic push rod.
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Cited By (1)
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CN208131888U (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-11-23 | 中铁隆昌铁路器材有限公司 | The limit of silk machine ring heater and timing push-off device are rolled in three rollings |
Cited By (1)
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CN116622964A (en) * | 2023-04-21 | 2023-08-22 | 江苏沙钢集团淮钢特钢股份有限公司 | Dynamic strain aging strengthening process in non-quenched and tempered weather-proof bolt manufacturing process |
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