CN114077003A - Polarizing plate and optical display device comprising same - Google Patents
Polarizing plate and optical display device comprising same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114077003A CN114077003A CN202110896390.5A CN202110896390A CN114077003A CN 114077003 A CN114077003 A CN 114077003A CN 202110896390 A CN202110896390 A CN 202110896390A CN 114077003 A CN114077003 A CN 114077003A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- polarizing plate
- polarizer
- polyvinyl alcohol
- resins
- protective film
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
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Images
Classifications
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- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
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- G02B5/3041—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid comprising multiple thin layers, e.g. multilayer stacks
- G02B5/305—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid comprising multiple thin layers, e.g. multilayer stacks including organic materials, e.g. polymeric layers
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/136204—Arrangements to prevent high voltage or static electricity failures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/50—OLEDs integrated with light modulating elements, e.g. with electrochromic elements, photochromic elements or liquid crystal elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/02—2 layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/24—All layers being polymeric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/10—Coating on the layer surface on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
- B32B2255/205—Metallic coating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/42—Polarizing, birefringent, filtering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/73—Hydrophobic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/20—Displays, e.g. liquid crystal displays, plasma displays
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/20—Displays, e.g. liquid crystal displays, plasma displays
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/20—Displays, e.g. liquid crystal displays, plasma displays
- B32B2457/206—Organic displays, e.g. OLED
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
Abstract
Disclosed are a polarizing plate and an optical display device including the same. The polarizing plate includes a polarizer and a protective film stacked on at least one surface of the polarizer, wherein the polarizer includes a hydrophobic polyvinyl alcohol resin, the polarizer has a surface roughness (Ra) of 10nm or less on a surface thereof facing the protective film, and when a paste containing a metal powder is deposited on a surface thereof in a thickness direction of the polarizing plate and left at 60 ℃ and 95% Relative Humidity (RH) for 240 hours, a maximum metal ion penetration length of the polarizing plate between the polarizer and the protective film is 400 μm or less.
Description
Citations to related applications
This application claims the benefit of korean patent application No. 10-2020-.
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a polarizing plate (polarizing plate, polarizer) and an optical display device including the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to a polarizing plate that can minimize the penetration of metal ions between a polarizer and a protective film when a paste (paste ) containing metal powder is deposited on the polarizing plate in the thickness direction and left under high temperature and/or high temperature/high humidity conditions, and an optical display device including the same.
Background
The liquid crystal display includes polarizing plates bonded to both sides of a liquid crystal panel by an adhesive layer, such as a Pressure Sensitive Adhesive (PSA) layer. In general, a liquid crystal display employs an add-on type structure (add-on structure) in which a touch panel or a touch sensor, which is independent of a liquid crystal panel, is disposed at one side or both sides of the liquid crystal panel. However, the out-hanging type has a problem of increasing the thickness of the liquid crystal display. To solve this problem, an in-cell type liquid crystal display having a touch panel or a touch sensor inside a liquid crystal panel is used.
The in-cell type liquid crystal display includes a touch panel or a touch sensor inside a liquid crystal panel. The in-cell type liquid crystal display is manufactured by bonding a polarizing plate to which a release film is attached via an adhesive layer to both sides of a liquid crystal panel through a pressure sensitive adhesive, and then removing the release film to which the adhesive layer is attached from the polarizing plate. A release film such as a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film to which an adhesive layer is attached is a processed film that protects a polarizing plate from foreign substances, and is removed from the polarizing plate after bonding the polarizing plate to both sides of a liquid crystal panel.
However, static electricity may be generated during the process of removing the release film from the polarizing plate. In addition, static electricity may be applied to the liquid crystal display during the process of manufacturing the liquid crystal display. Static electricity may affect a touch panel or a touch sensor inside the liquid crystal panel.
In order to prevent static electricity from damaging the liquid crystal panel, the static electricity must be dissipated. For this purpose, the polarizing plate is subjected to ESD treatment by applying a paste containing a metal powder, for example, a paste containing silver powder, in the thickness direction of the polarizing plate. Here, silver powder in the paste generates silver ions (Ag +) through ionization when it is in contact with heat, moisture, or acid. Silver ions penetrate between the polarizer and the protective film, between the protective film and the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, or between the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the liquid crystal panel. The infiltrated silver ions grow into silver crystals, which may reduce the luminous efficiency of the light emitted from the liquid crystal panel. In particular, silver ions or silver crystals generated therefrom, which penetrate between the polarizer and the protective film, affect the passage of light through the polarizer, thereby affecting the polarizing function of the polarizing plate. Therefore, it is required to develop a polarizing plate that minimizes the penetration of silver ions between a polarizer and a protective film while being capable of removing static electricity from the polarizing plate.
The background art of the present invention is disclosed in korean patent laid-open publication No. 10-2013-0078606, etc.
Disclosure of Invention
An aspect of the present invention is to provide a polarizing plate that minimizes penetration of metal ions between a polarizer and a protective film when a paste containing metal powder is deposited on the polarizing plate in a thickness direction and left under high temperature and/or high temperature/humidity conditions.
One aspect of the present invention relates to a polarizing plate.
In aspect 1, the polarizer may have a surface roughness (Rz) of 0nm to 80nm on a surface thereof facing the protective film and a surface roughness (Rq) of 0nm to 20nm on a surface thereof facing the protective film.
Aspect 3 in any one of aspects 1 and 2, the polarizer may have a difference in surface roughness (Ra) between opposing surfaces (opposing surfaces) thereof of 5nm or less.
Aspect 4 in any one of aspects 1 to 3, the hydrophobic polyvinyl alcohol resin may contain unsubstituted C1To C20The hydrocarbon group serves as a hydrophobic functional group.
Aspect 5 in any of aspects 1 to 4, the hydrophobic polyvinyl alcohol resin may comprise a copolymer of a monomer mixture comprising at least one vinyl ester monomer and a monomer providing a hydrophobic functional group.
Aspect 6 in aspect 5, the monomer providing the hydrophobic functional group may include a monomer having C1To C20A monomer of hydrocarbon repeating units.
Aspect 7 in any one of aspects 1 to 6, the thickness of the polarizer may be 12 μm or less.
Aspect 8 in any one of aspects 1 to 7, the protective film may include at least one selected from a cellulose ester resin, a cyclic polyolefin resin, a polycarbonate resin, a polyester resin, a polyethersulfone resin, a polysulfone resin, a polyamide resin, a polyimide resin, a non-cyclic polyolefin resin, a polyacrylate resin, a polyvinyl alcohol resin, a polyvinyl chloride resin, a polyvinylidene chloride resin, and an acrylic resin (acrylic resin).
Aspect 9 in any one of aspects 1 to 8, the polarizer is bonded to the protective film via an adhesive layer having a thickness of 0.01 μm to 10 μm.
Another aspect of the invention relates to an optical display device.
The optical display device includes the polarizing plate according to the present invention.
The present invention provides a polarizing plate capable of minimizing penetration of metal ions between a polarizer and a protective film when a paste containing metal powder is deposited on the polarizing plate in a thickness direction and left at high temperature and/or under high temperature/high humidity conditions.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a polarizing plate according to one embodiment of the present invention, on which a metal paste is deposited in a thickness direction of the polarizing plate.
Fig. 2 is a Scanning Electron Micrograph (SEM) and an enlarged view of a cross-section of a polarizing plate on which a metal paste is deposited in a thickness direction of the polarizing plate according to an embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an optical display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a picture showing the penetration length (infiltration length) of metal ions in each polarizing plate of comparative example 1 and example 1.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings to provide a thorough understanding of the invention to those skilled in the art. It is to be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and is not limited to the following embodiments.
Herein, the "maximum metal ion penetration length" in the polarizing plate refers to the maximum value of the metal ion penetration length between the polarizer and the protective film of the polarizing plate when a paste containing a metal powder is deposited on the surface thereof in the thickness direction of the polarizing plate and left at 60 ℃ and 95% RH for 240 hours.
In one embodiment, the metal ions may be derived from a paste containing a metal powder. Upon contact with heat, moisture or acid, the metal powder-containing paste is ionized to generate metal cations. For example, a paste containing silver powder may generate silver ions (Ag)+)。
The infiltrated metal cations grow into metal crystals. For example, a paste containing silver powder may generate silver cations. The metal ion penetration length can be measured using an optical microscope (ML61L, Olympus co., Ltd.).
The paste containing the metal powder includes 40 to 90 wt% of the metal powder having an average particle diameter (D50) of 1 to 10 μm, 5 to 30 wt% of a binder, and the balance of a solvent (e.g., in an amount of 3 to 60 wt% or 3 to 55 wt%).
The metal powder may include at least one selected from silver (Ag) powder and platinum (Pt) powder. The metal powder may have a spherical, flake or needle shape. The binder may include cellulose acetate propionate (cellulose acetate propionate), cellulose acetate butyrate (cellulose acetate butyrate), or a mixture thereof. The solvent may include at least one selected from the group consisting of water, ethanol, butanol, and propylene glycol methyl acetate (PGMEA).
The paste containing the metal powder may have a viscosity of 50,000cP to 300,000cP at a temperature of 20 ℃ to 25 ℃. Viscosity can be measured using a viscometer (DV-E, Brookfield co., Ltd.).
For example, the paste containing the metal powder may be deposited by filling a syringe with the paste containing the metal powder and then injecting the paste containing the metal powder toward the surface thereof in the thickness direction of the polarizing plate, but is not limited thereto.
After the metal powder-containing paste is deposited thereon in the thickness direction of the polarizing plate, the metal powder-containing paste may remain in or be removed from the optical display device employing the polarizing plate.
Herein, the surface roughness Ra, Rz, and Rq of the polarizer were measured in a non-contact mode of an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM).
As used herein to refer to particular numerical ranges, the expression "X to Y" means "greater than or equal to X and less than or equal to Y (X ≦ and ≦ Y)".
As used herein, the term "(meth) acryl" refers to acryl and/or methacryl.
Next, a polarizing plate according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1.
The polarizing plate according to the present invention includes a polarizer and a protective film stacked on at least one surface of the polarizer, wherein the polarizer includes a hydrophobic polyvinyl alcohol resin and has a surface roughness (Ra) of 10nm or less on a surface thereof facing the protective film. Therefore, the polarizing plate according to the present invention has a maximum metal ion penetration length of 400 μm or less and does not have a problem of generation of bubbles or the like when the polarizer is bonded to the protective film.
If the surface roughness Ra on the surface of the polarizer facing the protective film is 10nm or less and the polarizer contains a hydrophilic polyvinyl alcohol resin, the maximum metal ion penetration length of the polarizing plate can exceed 400 μm. If the polarizer contains a hydrophobic polyvinyl alcohol resin and the surface roughness Ra on the surface of the polarizer facing the protective film exceeds 10nm, the maximum metal ion penetration length of the polarizing plate can exceed 400 μm.
Referring to fig. 1, the polarizing plate includes a polarizer 10, a first protection film 20, and a second protection film 30.
The polarizing plate may further include a release film (not shown in fig. 1) adhered to the upper surface of the first protective film 20 via an adhesive layer to protect the polarizing plate. In order to apply the polarizing plate to an optical display device, the polarizing plate is adhered to an optical display panel via a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (not shown in fig. 1), and the release film to which the adhesive layer is attached is peeled from the polarizing plate.
However, static electricity may be generated during the process of removing the release film from the polarizing plate. In addition, static electricity may be generated during the process of manufacturing the optical display device. Static electricity may affect a touch panel or a touch sensor inside the liquid crystal panel. In order to remove the static electricity from the outside, a paste 40 containing metal powder is deposited on the surface thereof in the thickness direction of the polarizing plate.
According to the present invention, the maximum metal ion penetration length of 400 μm or less is set to provide an effect of removing static electricity when removing a release film from a polarizing plate after stacking the release film having an adhesive layer attached to one surface thereof on the polarizing plate without affecting the polarizing function and the light emission efficiency of the polarizing plate. Specifically, the maximum metal ion penetration length may be greater than 0 μm to 400 μm, more specifically 0 μm to 200 μm. For example, the maximum metal ion penetration length can be 0 μm, 10 μm, 20 μm, 30 μm, 40 μm, 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm, 100 μm, 110 μm, 120 μm, 130 μm, 140 μm, 150 μm, 160 μm, 170 μm, 180 μm, 190 μm, 200 μm, 210 μm, 220 μm, 230 μm, 240 μm, 250 μm, 260 μm, 270 μm, 280 μm, 290 μm, 300 μm, 310 μm, 320 μm, 330 μm, 340 μm, 350 μm, 360 μm, 370 μm, 380 μm, 390 μm, or 400 μm.
In one embodiment, the surface roughness (Ra) of the polarizer on its surface facing the protective film is greater than 1.0nm to 10nm, preferably 1.1nm to 10 nm. Within this range, the polarizing plate may have a maximum metal ion penetration length of 400 μm or less, and allow easy manufacturing of the polarizer without affecting the polarizing function. For example, the surface roughness (Ra) of the polarizer on its surface facing the protective film is 1.1nm, 1.2nm, 1.3nm, 1.4nm, 1.5nm, 1.6nm, 1.7nm, 1.8nm, 1.9nm, 2nm, 2.5nm, 3nm, 3.5nm, 4nm, 4.5nm, 5nm, 5.5nm, 6nm, 6.5nm, 7nm, 7.5nm, 8nm, 8.5nm, 9nm, 9.5nm, or 10 nm.
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a polarizing plate according to one embodiment of the present invention, on which a metal paste is deposited in a thickness direction of the polarizing plate.
Referring to (a) of fig. 1, when a paste containing metal powder is deposited on a surface thereof in a thickness direction of a polarizing plate and the polarizing plate is adhered to a base 50 such as a glass plate, the paste containing metal powder forms a coating layer, thereby providing an ESD effect. Metal ions derived from the paste containing the metal powder may penetrate into the gap between the polarizer 10 and the first protective film 20 and the gap between the polarizer 10 and the second protective film 30.
Fig. 1 (B) is an exploded perspective view of the polarizing plate shown in fig. 1 (a). Referring to (B) of fig. 1, metal ions derived from the paste containing the metal powder may penetrate into a gap between the polarizer 10 and the first protective film 20 and a gap between the polarizer 10 and the second protective film 30. Thus, the metal ion penetration length 60 can be measured.
Fig. 2 is a Scanning Electron Micrograph (SEM) and an enlarged view of a cross-section of a polarizing plate on which a metal paste is deposited in a thickness direction of the polarizing plate according to an embodiment.
Referring to fig. 2, the polarizing plate includes a triacetyl cellulose (TAC) film, a Polarizer (PVA), and a hard coat triacetyl cellulose (HC TAC) film stacked on a glass plate via a Pressure Sensitive Adhesive (PSA), on which a silver (Ag) paste is deposited in a thickness direction of the polarizing plate, and metal ions are impregnated into the polarizing plate, as shown in (r) and (c).
The maximum metal ion penetration length according to the present invention can be achieved by a polarizing plate containing a hydrophobic polyvinyl alcohol resin and including a polarizer having a surface roughness (Ra) of 10nm or less on its surface facing the protective film.
The "hydrophobic polyvinyl alcohol resin" refers to a polyvinyl alcohol resin containing only hydrophobic functional groups or having a larger amount of hydrophobic functional groups than hydrophilic functional groups among a plurality of functional groups in the polyvinyl alcohol resin.
Further, the "hydrophilic polyvinyl alcohol resin" refers to a polyvinyl alcohol resin containing only hydrophilic functional groups or having a larger amount of hydrophilic functional groups than hydrophobic functional groups among a plurality of functional groups in the polyvinyl alcohol resin.
In one embodiment, "hydrophobic functional group" refers to unsubstituted C1To C20Preferably C1To C10More preferably C2To C5A hydrocarbyl group. In one embodiment, "hydrophilic functional group" refers to a functional group other than a hydrophobic functional group.
The polyvinyl alcohol resin film contains a hydrophobic functional group. The polyvinyl alcohol film containing a hydrophobic functional group is manufactured by the following process, whereby the polarizer can easily achieve a surface roughness (Ra) of 10nm or less on its surface facing the protective film.
The hydrophobic functional group may be present on at least one of a main chain and a side chain of the polyvinyl alcohol resin constituting the polyvinyl alcohol film. The "main chain" means a portion forming the skeleton of the polyvinyl alcohol resin, and the "side chain" means a portion bonded to the skeleton. Preferably, the hydrophobic functional group is present on the main chain of the polyvinyl alcohol resin.
The polyvinyl alcohol resin film may further contain a hydrophilic functional group (e.g., -OH). The hydrophilic functional group facilitates dyeing.
In one embodiment, the polyvinyl alcohol resin film may include a copolymer of a monomer mixture including a monomer providing a hydrophobic functional group and at least one type of vinyl ester monomer, such as vinyl acetate, vinyl formate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl pivalate (vinyl pivalate, trimethylvinyl acetate)Esters) and isopropenyl acetate (isopropenyl acetate). Preferably, the vinyl ester monomer may comprise vinyl acetate. The monomer providing the hydrophobic functional group may include a monomer having C1To C20Preferably C1To C10More preferably C2To C5Hydrocarbon (e.g., alkylene) repeating units including ethylene, propylene, butylene, pentylene, hexylene, heptylene, octylene, nonylene, and decylene repeating units.
The softening point of the polyvinyl alcohol resin film may be 65 ℃ to 80 ℃, for example, 65 ℃ to 71 ℃, specifically 66 ℃ to 69 ℃. Within this range, the polyvinyl alcohol resin film is not broken or melted (melt) during stretching, and allows easy manufacturing of the polarizer according to the present invention. For example, the softening point of the polyvinyl alcohol resin film may be 65 ℃, 66 ℃, 67 ℃, 68 ℃, 69 ℃, 70 ℃, 71 ℃, 72 ℃, 73 ℃, 74 ℃, 75 ℃, 76 ℃, 77 ℃, 78 ℃, 79 ℃ or 80 DEG C
The polyvinyl alcohol resin film may have a tensile strength, measured in the machine direction, of 80 to 120MPa, preferably 90 to 110 MPa. Within this range, the polyvinyl alcohol resin film is not broken or melted during stretching, the degree of polarization can be increased by effective alignment of the polyvinyl alcohol molecular chains, and the polarizer according to the present invention is allowed to be easily manufactured. The tensile strength of the polyvinyl alcohol resin film can be measured at 25 ℃ according to ASTM D882 using a Universal Testing Machine (UTM). For example, the polyvinyl alcohol resin film may have a tensile strength, as measured in the machine direction, of 80MPa, 81MPa, 82MPa, 83MPa, 84MPa, 85MPa, 86MPa, 87MPa, 88MPa, 89MPa, 90MPa, 91MPa, 92MPa, 93MPa, 94MPa, 95MPa, 96MPa, 97MPa, 98MPa, 99MPa, 100MPa, 101MPa, 102MPa, 103MPa, 104MPa, 105MPa, 106MPa, 107MPa, 108MPa, 109MPa, 110MPa, 111MPa, 112MPa, 113MPa, 114MPa, 115MPa, 116MPa, 117MPa, 118MPa, 119MPa, or 120MPa
The thickness of the polyvinyl alcohol resin film may be 50 μm or less, for example, more than 0 μm to 50 μm or less, specifically, 10 μm to 50 μm. Within this range, the polyvinyl alcohol resin film is not broken or melted during stretching. For example, the polyvinyl alcohol resin film may have a thickness of 0.01 μm, 0.05 μm, 0.1 μm, 0.5 μm, 1 μm, 2 μm, 3 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm, 11 μm, 12 μm, 13 μm, 14 μm, 15 μm, 16 μm, 17 μm, 18 μm, 19 μm, 20 μm, 21 μm, 22 μm, 23 μm, 24 μm, 25 μm, 26 μm, 27 μm, 28 μm, 29 μm, 30 μm, 31 μm, 32 μm, 33 μm, 34 μm, 35 μm, 36 μm, 37 μm, 38 μm, 39 μm, 40 μm, 41 μm, 42 μm, 43 μm, 44 μm, 45 μm, 46 μm, 47 μm, 48 μm, 49 μm, or 50 μm.
The polyvinyl alcohol resin film may be a VF-TS #2000PVA film (Kuraray Co., Ltd.).
The polarizer is manufactured by processing a polyvinyl alcohol film in the order of dyeing, crosslinking, and stretching processes. Therefore, the polarizer can easily realize a surface roughness (Ra) of 10nm or less on its surface facing the protective film.
The dyeing process involves treating a polyvinyl alcohol film in a dye bath containing a dichroic material. In the dyeing process, a polyvinyl alcohol film is immersed in a dye bath containing a dichroic material. The dye bath containing the dichroic material is filled with an aqueous dyeing solution comprising the dichroic material and a boron compound. Since the dyeing liquid contains both the dichroic material and the boron compound, the dyed polyvinyl alcohol film can be prevented from being broken during stretching under the following conditions.
The dichroic material may be an iodine compound and may include at least one selected from potassium iodide, hydrogen iodide, lithium iodide, sodium iodide, zinc iodide, aluminum iodide, lead iodide, and copper iodide. The dichroic material is preferably present in the dye bath (preferably in the dyeing liquor) in an amount of 0.5 to 10mol/ml, more preferably 0.5 to 5 mol/ml. Within this range, the polyvinyl alcohol film can be uniformly dyed. For example, the dichroic material may be present in the dye bath (preferably in the dyeing liquor) in an amount of 0.5mol/ml, 0.6mol/ml, 0.7mol/ml, 0.8mol/ml, 0.9mol/ml, 1mol/ml, 1.5mol/ml, 2mol/ml, 2.5mol/ml, 3mol/ml, 3.5mol/ml, 4mol/ml, 4.5mol/ml, 5mol/ml, 5.5mol/ml, 6mol/ml, 6.5mol/ml, 7mol/ml, 7.5mol/ml, 8mol/ml, 8.5mol/ml, 9mol/ml, 9.5mol/ml or 10 mol/ml.
The boron compound may help prevent the polyvinyl alcohol film from being broken or melted when the polyvinyl alcohol film is stretched. The boron compound can help prevent the polyvinyl alcohol film from melting or breaking even if the polyvinyl alcohol film is stretched at a high elongation and a high temperature after the dyeing process.
The boron compound may include at least one selected from boric acid and borax. The boron compound is preferably present in the dye bath (preferably in the dye liquor) in an amount of from 0.1 wt% to 5 wt%, more preferably from 0.3 wt% to 3 wt%. Within this range, the polyvinyl alcohol film can be dyed and can exhibit high reliability without melting and breaking. For example, the boron compound may be present in the dye bath (preferably in the dyeing liquor) in an amount of 0.1 wt%, 0.2 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.4 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 0.6 wt%, 0.7 wt%, 0.8 wt%, 0.9 wt%, 1 wt%, 1.5 wt%, 2 wt%, 2.5 wt%, 3 wt%, 3.5 wt%, 4 wt%, 4.5 wt%, or 5 wt%.
The temperature of the staining solution may be 20 ℃ to 50 ℃, specifically 25 ℃ to 40 ℃. In the dyeing process, the polyvinyl alcohol film may be immersed in the dye bath for 30 seconds to 120 seconds, specifically 40 seconds to 80 seconds.
For example, the temperature of the dyeing solution may be 20 ℃, 21 ℃, 22 ℃, 23 ℃, 24 ℃, 25 ℃, 26 ℃, 27 ℃, 28 ℃, 29 ℃, 30 ℃, 31 ℃, 32 ℃, 33 ℃, 34 ℃, 35 ℃, 36 ℃, 37 ℃, 38 ℃, 39 ℃, 40 ℃, 41 ℃, 42 ℃, 43 ℃, 44 ℃, 45 ℃, 46 ℃, 47 ℃, 48 ℃, 49 ℃ or 50 ℃. For example, in the dyeing process, the polyvinyl alcohol film is immersed in the dye bath for 30 seconds, 35 seconds, 40 seconds, 45 seconds, 50 seconds, 55 seconds, 60 seconds, 65 seconds, 70 seconds, 75 seconds, 80 seconds, 85 seconds, 90 seconds, 95 seconds, 100 seconds, 105 seconds, 110 seconds, 115 seconds, or 120 seconds.
And (4) performing a crosslinking process to strongly adsorb the dichroic material to the dyed polyvinyl alcohol film. The crosslinking solution used in the crosslinking process includes a boron compound. The boron compound can help to achieve strong adsorption of the dichroic material while improving reliability even if the polarizer is placed under thermal shock.
The boron compound may include at least one selected from boric acid and borax. The boron compound is preferably present in the crosslinking bath (preferably in the crosslinking solution) in an amount of 0.5 to 10 wt.%, more preferably 1 to 5 wt.%. Within this range, the polyvinyl alcohol film is stretchable and can exhibit high reliability while achieving the surface roughness of the polarizer according to the present invention without melting and breaking. For example, the boron compound may be present in the crosslinking bath (preferably in the crosslinking solution) in an amount of 0.5 wt%, 0.6 wt%, 0.7 wt%, 0.8 wt%, 0.9 wt%, 1 wt%, 1.5 wt%, 2 wt%, 2.5 wt%, 3 wt%, 3.5 wt%, 4 wt%, 4.5 wt%, 5 wt%, 5.5 wt%, 6 wt%, 6.5 wt%, 7 wt%, 7.5 wt%, 8 wt%, 8.5 wt%, 9 wt%, 9.5 wt%, or 10 wt%.
The temperature of the crosslinking bath may be 20 ℃ to 50 ℃, specifically 25 ℃ to 40 ℃. In the crosslinking process, the polyvinyl alcohol film may be immersed in the crosslinking bath for 30 seconds to 120 seconds, specifically 30 seconds to 80 seconds.
For example, the crosslinking bath can be set to 20 ℃, 21 ℃, 22 ℃, 23 ℃, 24 ℃, 25 ℃, 26 ℃, 27 ℃, 28 ℃, 29 ℃, 30 ℃, 31 ℃, 32 ℃, 33 ℃, 34 ℃, 35 ℃, 36 ℃, 37 ℃, 38 ℃, 39 ℃, 40 ℃, 41 ℃, 42 ℃, 43 ℃, 44 ℃, 45 ℃, 46 ℃, 47 ℃, 48 ℃, 49 ℃ or 50 ℃. For example, the crosslinking process may be performed by immersing the polyvinyl alcohol film in the crosslinking bath for 30 seconds, 35 seconds, 40 seconds, 45 seconds, 50 seconds, 55 seconds, 60 seconds, 65 seconds, 70 seconds, 75 seconds, 80 seconds, 85 seconds, 90 seconds, 95 seconds, 100 seconds, 105 seconds, 110 seconds, 115 seconds, or 120 seconds.
The stretching process includes stretching the dyed polyvinyl alcohol film at a predetermined elongation and at a temperature of 50 ℃ or more (e.g., 50 ℃ to 70 ℃). Typically, when the polyvinyl alcohol film is stretched at a temperature higher than the elongation and the stretching temperature, the polarizer cannot be manufactured due to melting and/or breaking of the polyvinyl alcohol film. Within the above range, the polarizer may have a surface roughness according to the present invention. For example, in the stretching process, the dyed polyvinyl alcohol film may be stretched at a predetermined elongation at 50 ℃, 51 ℃, 52 ℃, 53 ℃, 54 ℃, 55 ℃, 56 ℃, 57 ℃, 58 ℃, 59 ℃, 60 ℃, 61 ℃, 62 ℃, 63 ℃, 64 ℃, 65 ℃, 66 ℃, 67 ℃, 68 ℃, 69 ℃ or 70 ℃.
In manufacturing the polarizer according to the present invention, the polyvinyl alcohol film is stretched to a total elongation (total elongation) of 5.0 times or more, for example, 5.0 times to 7 times, preferably 5.4 times to 6.5 times, of its original length through a dyeing process, a crosslinking process, and a stretching process. Here, "total elongation" is a value obtained by multiplying the elongation of the process. For example, in the process of manufacturing the polarizer, the polyvinyl alcohol film may be stretched to a total elongation of 5 times, 5.1 times, 5.2 times, 5.3 times, 5.4 times, 5.5 times, 5.6 times, 5.7 times, 5.8 times, 5.9 times, 6 times, 6.1 times, 6.2 times, 6.3 times, 6.4 times, 6.5 times, 6.6 times, 6.7 times, 6.8 times, 6.9 times, or 7.0 times.
The stretching process may be achieved by wet stretching or dry stretching. Preferably, the stretching process comprises wet stretching to apply the boron compound to the polyvinyl alcohol film. Wet stretching involves uniaxially stretching a polyvinyl alcohol film in the machine direction in an aqueous solution containing a boron compound.
The boron compound may include at least one selected from boric acid and borax, preferably boric acid. The boron compound is preferably present in the drawing bath (preferably the drawing solution) in an amount of 0.5 wt% to less than 3.5 wt%, preferably 1 wt% to 3.4 wt%. Within this range, the polarizer may have surface roughness according to the present invention and high reliability may be achieved without melting and breaking in the stretching process. For example, the boron compound may be present in the stretching bath (preferably in the stretching solution) in an amount of 0.5 wt%, 0.6 wt%, 0.7 wt%, 0.8 wt%, 0.9 wt%, 1 wt%, 1.1 wt%, 1.2 wt%, 1.3 wt%, 1.4 wt%, 1.5 wt%, 1.6 wt%, 1.7 wt%, 1.8 wt%, 1.9 wt%, 2 wt%, 2.1 wt%, 2.2 wt%, 2.3 wt%, 2.4 wt%, 2.5 wt%, 2.6 wt%, 2.7 wt%, 2.8 wt%, 2.9 wt%, 3 wt%, 3.1 wt%, 3.2 wt%, 3.3 wt%, or 3.4 wt%.
In one embodiment, the polarizer may contain 2.0 wt% to 4.0 wt%, specifically 2.5 wt% to 3.5 wt% of the boron compound. Within this range, the polarizer may have a surface roughness according to the present invention. For example, the boron compound may be present in the polarizer in an amount of 2 wt%, 2.1 wt%, 2.2 wt%, 2.3 wt%, 2.4 wt%, 2.5 wt%, 2.6 wt%, 2.7 wt%, 2.8 wt%, 2.9 wt%, 3 wt%, 3.1 wt%, 3.2 wt%, 3.3 wt%, 3.4 wt%, 3.5 wt%, 3.6 wt%, 3.7 wt%, 3.8 wt%, 3.9 wt%, or 4 wt%.
The polyvinyl alcohol film may be subjected to at least one of a washing process and a swelling process before the dyeing process.
The washing process is a process of washing the polyvinyl alcohol film with water to remove impurities from the polyvinyl alcohol film.
In the swelling process, the polyvinyl alcohol film is immersed in a swelling bath at a predetermined temperature to facilitate dyeing and stretching of the dichroic material. The swelling process includes a process of swelling the polyvinyl alcohol film at 15 to 35 deg.c (preferably 20 to 30 deg.c) for 30 to 50 seconds. Within this range, the polarizer according to the present invention can be effectively realized.
In the process of manufacturing the polarizer according to the present invention, the polyethylene film alcohol is stretched to a total elongation of 5.0 times or more, for example, 5.0 times to 7 times, preferably 5.4 times to 6.5 times, of its original length through a washing process, a swelling process, a dyeing process, a crosslinking process, and a stretching process. For example, in the manufacture of the polarizer, the polyvinyl alcohol film may be stretched to a total elongation of 5 times, 5.1 times, 5.2 times, 5.3 times, 5.4 times, 5.5 times, 5.6 times, 5.7 times, 5.8 times, 5.9 times, 6 times, 6.1 times, 6.2 times, 6.3 times, 6.4 times, 6.5 times, 6.6 times, 6.7 times, 6.8 times, 6.9 times, or 7.0 times.
After the stretching process, the polyvinyl alcohol film may be further subjected to a color-correcting process.
Color correction can improve the durability of polyvinyl alcohol films. The color-correcting bath (color-correcting bath) may contain more than 0 wt% and 10 wt% or less, preferably 1 wt% to 5 wt% of potassium iodide. Within this range, the polarizer according to the present invention can be effectively realized. For example, the color correction bath may contain potassium iodide in an amount of 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6, 6.5, 7, 7.5, 8, 8.5, 9, 9.5, or 10 wt%.
The color correction bath may be set to a temperature of 20 ℃ to 50 ℃, specifically 20 ℃ to 40 ℃. In the color correction process, the polyvinyl alcohol film may be immersed in the color correction bath for 10 seconds to 120 seconds, specifically 10 seconds to 80 seconds. Within this range, the polarizer according to the present invention can be effectively realized.
For example, the color correction bath may be set at 20 ℃, 21 ℃, 22 ℃, 23 ℃, 24 ℃, 25 ℃, 26 ℃, 27 ℃, 28 ℃, 29 ℃, 30 ℃, 31 ℃, 32 ℃, 33 ℃, 34 ℃, 35 ℃, 36 ℃, 37 ℃, 38 ℃, 39 ℃, 40 ℃, 41 ℃, 42 ℃, 43 ℃, 44 ℃, 45 ℃, 46 ℃, 47 ℃, 48 ℃, 49 ℃ or 50 ℃. For example, in the color correction process, the polyvinyl alcohol film may be immersed in the color correction bath for 10 seconds, 15 seconds, 20 seconds, 25 seconds, 30 seconds, 35 seconds, 40 seconds, 45 seconds, 50 seconds, 55 seconds, 60 seconds, 65 seconds, 70 seconds, 75 seconds, 80 seconds, 85 seconds, 90 seconds, 95 seconds, 100 seconds, 105 seconds, 110 seconds, 115 seconds, or 120 seconds.
After the color correction process, the temperature of the polyvinyl alcohol film may be 50 ℃ to 90 ℃, specifically 50 ℃ to 70 ℃. Within this range, the polarizer may have a surface roughness according to the present invention.
For example, after the color correction process, the temperature of the polyvinyl alcohol film may be 50 ℃, 51 ℃, 52 ℃, 53 ℃, 54 ℃, 55 ℃, 56 ℃, 57 ℃, 58 ℃, 59 ℃, 60 ℃, 61 ℃, 62 ℃, 63 ℃, 64 ℃, 65 ℃, 66 ℃, 67 ℃, 68 ℃, 69 ℃, 70 ℃, 71 ℃, 72 ℃, 73 ℃, 74 ℃, 75 ℃, 76 ℃, 77 ℃, 78 ℃, 79 ℃, 80 ℃, 81 ℃, 82 ℃, 83 ℃, 84 ℃, 85 ℃, 86 ℃, 87 ℃, 88 ℃, 89 ℃ or 90 ℃.
In one embodiment, the polarizer may include a hydrophobic polyvinyl alcohol resin and may be manufactured through the above-described manufacturing process, thereby having substantially the same surface roughness on an opposite surface (surface) thereof in a thickness direction of the polarizer. Therefore, even when the protective film is bonded to the opposite surface of the polarizer via the adhesive layer, the polarizer may have a maximum metal ion penetration length of 400 μm or less on the opposite surface thereof.
For example, the difference in surface roughness Ra between the opposing surfaces of the polarizer may be 5nm or less, e.g., 0nm to 5nm, 0nm to 3 nm.
For example, the difference in surface roughness Ra between the opposing surfaces of the polarizer may be 0nm, 0.01nm, 0.05nm, 0.1nm, 0.2nm, 0.3nm, 0.4nm, 0.5nm, 0.6nm, 0.7nm, 0.8nm, 0.9nm, 1nm, 1.1nm, 1.2nm, 1.3nm, 1.4nm, 1.5nm, 1.6nm, 1.7nm, 1.8nm, 1.9nm, 2nm, 2.1nm, 2.2nm, 2.3nm, 2.4nm, 2.5nm, 2.6nm, 2.7nm, 2.8nm, 2.9nm, 3nm, 3.1nm, 3.2nm, 3.3nm, 3.4nm, 3.5nm, 3.6nm, 3.7nm, 3.8nm, 3.9nm, 4.4nm, 4.5nm, 4.6nm, 4.7nm, 4.8nm, 4.9nm, 4.4, 4.5nm, 4nm, 4.6nm, 4nm, 4.8nm, 4nm, 4.4nm, 4nm, 4.6nm, 4nm, 4.8nm, 4nm, 4.6nm, 4, 4.8nm, 4nm, 4.6nm, 4, or 4 nm.
In one embodiment, the surface roughness Rz of the polarizer on its surface facing the protective film may be 0nm to 80nm, for example, 0nm to 75 nm. Within this range, the polarizing plate may have a maximum metal ion penetration length of 400 μm or less.
For example, the surface roughness Rz of the polarizer on the surface thereof facing the protective film may be 0nm, 0.01nm, 0.05nm, 0.1nm, 0.2nm, 0.3nm, 0.4nm, 0.5nm, 0.6nm, 0.7nm, 0.8nm, 0.9nm, 1nm, 2nm, 3nm, 4nm, 5nm, 6nm, 7nm, 8nm, 9nm, 10nm, 11nm, 12nm, 13nm, 14nm, 15nm, 16nm, 17nm, 18nm, 19nm, 20nm, 21nm, 22nm, 23nm, 24nm, 25nm, 26nm, 27nm, 28nm, 29nm, 30nm, 31nm, 32nm, 33nm, 34nm, 35nm, 36nm, 37nm, 38nm, 39nm, 40nm, 41nm, 42nm, 43nm, 44nm, 45nm, 46, 47nm, 48nm, 62nm, 63nm, 55nm, 54nm, 60nm, 58nm, 60nm, 58nm, 60nm, 59nm, 60nm, 23nm, and so, 66nm, 67nm, 68nm, 69nm, 70nm, 71nm, 72nm, 73nm, 74nm, 75nm, 76nm, 77nm, 78nm, 79nm or 80 nm.
In one embodiment, the surface roughness Rq of the polarizer on its surface facing the protective film may be 0nm to 20nm, for example, 0nm to 15 nm. Within this range, the polarizing plate may have a maximum metal ion penetration length of 400 μm or less. For example, the surface roughness Rq of the polarizer on its surface facing the protective film may be 0nm, 0.01nm, 0.05nm, 0.1nm, 0.2nm, 0.3nm, 0.4nm, 0.5nm, 0.6nm, 0.7nm, 0.8nm, 0.9nm, 1nm, 2nm, 3nm, 4nm, 5nm, 6nm, 7nm, 8nm, 9nm, 10nm, 11nm, 12nm, 13nm, 14nm, 15nm, 16nm, 17nm, 18nm, 19nm, or 20 nm.
The thickness of the polarizer 10 may be 12 μm or less. Within this range, the polarizing plate may have a reduced thickness. Preferably, the thickness of the polarizer is greater than 0 μm and 12 μm or less, more preferably greater than 0 μm and 10 μm or less. For example, the thickness of the polarizer may be 0.01 μm, 0.05 μm, 0.1 μm, 0.2 μm, 0.3 μm, 0.4 μm, 0.5 μm, 0.6 μm, 0.7 μm, 0.8 μm, 0.9 μm, 1 μm, 1.5 μm, 2 μm, 2.5 μm, 3 μm, 3.5 μm, 4 μm, 4.5 μm, 5 μm, 5.5 μm, 6 μm, 6.5 μm, 7 μm, 7.5 μm, 8 μm, 8.5 μm, 9 μm, 9.5 μm, 10 μm, 10.5 μm, 11 μm, 11.5 μm, or 12 μm.
The first protective film 20 may be stacked on the upper surface of the polarizer 10 to protect the polarizer while improving the mechanical strength of the polarizing plate. The first protective film may include an optically transparent protective film.
The first protection film 20 may be formed by melt-extruding an optically transparent resin. In some embodiments, the resin may be further subjected to a stretching process. The resin may include at least one selected from cellulose ester resins (including triacetyl cellulose and the like), cyclic polyolefin resins (including Cyclic Olefin Polymer (COP) and the like), polycarbonate resins, polyester resins (including polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and the like), polyether sulfone resins, polysulfone resins, polyamide resins, polyimide resins, acyclic polyolefin resins, polyacrylate resins (including poly (methyl methacrylate) and the like), polyvinyl alcohol resins, polyvinyl chloride resins, polyvinylidene chloride resins, and acrylic resins.
Preferably, the first protective film may include at least one selected from a cellulose ester resin, a cyclic polyolefin resin, and a polyester resin.
The thickness of the first protection film 20 may be 5 μm to 200 μm, specifically 5 μm to 100 μm, more specifically 20 μm to 40 μm. Within this range, the first protective film may be used in the polarizing plate. For example, the thickness of the first protective film 20 may be 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm, 11 μm, 12 μm, 13 μm, 14 μm, 15 μm, 16 μm, 17 μm, 18 μm, 19 μm, 20 μm, 21 μm, 22 μm, 23 μm, 24 μm, 25 μm, 26 μm, 27 μm, 28 μm, 29 μm, 30 μm, 31 μm, 32 μm, 33 μm, 34 μm, 35 μm, 36 μm, 37 μm, 38 μm, 39 μm, 40 μm, 41 μm, 42 μm, 43 μm, 44 μm, 45 μm, 46 μm, 47 μm, 48 μm, 49 μm, 50 μm, 51 μm, 52 μm, 53 μm, 54 μm, 55 μm, 56 μm, 57 μm, 58 μm, 62 μm, 59 μm, 61 μm, 62 μm, 60 μm, 61 μm, 60 μm, 25 μm, 26 μm, 25 μm, and the like, 66 μm, 67 μm, 68 μm, 69 μm, 70 μm, 71 μm, 72 μm, 73 μm, 74 μm, 75 μm, 76 μm, 77 μm, 78 μm, 79 μm, 80 μm, 81 μm, 82 μm, 83 μm, 84 μm, 85 μm, 86 μm, 87 μm, 88 μm, 89 μm, 90 μm, 91 μm, 92 μm, 93 μm, 94 μm, 95 μm, 96 μm, 97 μm, 98 μm, 99 μm, 100 μm, 105 μm, 110 μm, 115 μm, 120 μm, 125 μm, 130 μm, 135 μm, 140 μm, 145 μm, 150 μm, 155 μm, 160 μm, 165 μm, 170 μm, 175 μm, 180 μm, 185 μm, 190 μm, 195 μm or 200 μm.
The polarizing plate may further include a functional coating layer, such as a hard coating layer, an anti-fingerprint layer, an anti-reflection layer, etc., on the upper surface of the first protective film 20.
A second protective film 30 may be stacked on the lower surface of the polarizer to protect the polarizer while improving the mechanical strength of the polarizing plate. The second protection film 30 may include a film formed of the same or different kind of resin as the first protection film 20.
In one embodiment, when the first protective film is a cellulose ester resin film including triacetyl cellulose or the like, the second protective film may be a cellulose ester resin film including triacetyl cellulose or the like.
In another embodiment, when the first protective film is a polyester resin film including polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or the like, the second protective film may be a cyclic polyolefin resin including a Cyclic Olefin Polymer (COP) or a cellulose ester resin film including triacetyl cellulose or the like.
The second protection film 30 may have the same or different thickness as the first protection film 20.
In the polarizing plate, the first and second protection films 20 and 30 may be bonded to the polarizer via an adhesive layer. The adhesive layer may be formed of a typical adhesive for a polarizing plate well known to those skilled in the art. For example, the adhesive layer may be formed of a water-based bonding agent (water-based bonding agent), a pressure-sensitive adhesive, a heat-curable adhesive, or a light-curable adhesive.
The water-based binder may include polyvinyl alcohol powder, a thermosetting crosslinking agent, and water. The thermosetting crosslinking agent may include aldehyde-based crosslinking agents (aldehyde-based crosslinking agents, aldehyde crosslinking agents), such as formaldehyde, glyoxal, glutaraldehyde and glyoxylate, and polyethyleneimine-based crosslinking agents (polyethyleneimine-based crosslinking agents), but is not limited thereto.
The photocurable adhesive may include an epoxy-based compound (including a cycloaliphatic epoxy compound), a (meth) acrylic compound (including a hydroxyl-containing (meth) acrylate), and an initiator. The initiator may include at least one selected from a phosphorus-based photo radical initiator and a cationic photoinitiator (including an onium salt), preferably a mixture of a photo radical initiator and a cationic photoinitiator. The photocurable adhesive may also include typical additives such as antioxidants, pigments, and the like.
The thickness of each tie layer may be 0.01 μm to 10 μm, for example 0.01 μm to 1 μm, specifically 0.05 μm to 0.08 μm, or 1 μm to 10 μm, more specifically 2 μm to 3 μm. Within these thickness ranges, the bonding layer may be used in optical display devices. For example, the thickness of each adhesive layer may be 0.01 μm, 0.02 μm, 0.03 μm, 0.04 μm, 0.05 μm, 0.06 μm, 0.07 μm, 0.08 μm, 0.09 μm, 0.1 μm, 0.2 μm, 0.3 μm, 0.4 μm, 0.5 μm, 0.6 μm, 0.7 μm, 0.8 μm, 0.9 μm, 1 μm, 1.5 μm, 2 μm, 2.5 μm, 3 μm, 3.5 μm, 4 μm, 4.5 μm, 5 μm, 5.5 μm, 6 μm, 6.5 μm, 7 μm, 7.5 μm, 8 μm, 8.5 μm, 9 μm, 9.5 μm, or 10 μm.
Although not shown in fig. 1, the polarizing plate may further include an adhesive layer, such as a pressure sensitive adhesive layer, on the lower surface of the second protective film 30 to stack the polarizing plate on the optical display panel.
Next, an optical display device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The optical display device according to the embodiment of the present invention may include the polarizer or the polarizing plate according to the present invention. The optical display device may include at least one of a liquid crystal display and a light emitting diode display. The light emitting display may include organic/inorganic light emitting elements such as Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs), quantum dot light emitting diodes (QLEDs), and light emitting materials such as phosphors, as the light emitting elements.
Referring to fig. 3, the liquid crystal display may include an in-cell type liquid crystal panel 100, a first polarizing plate 200 disposed on a light exit surface of the in-cell type liquid crystal panel 100, and a second polarizing plate 300 disposed on a light incident surface of the in-cell type liquid crystal panel 100, wherein at least one of the first polarizing plate 200 and the second polarizing plate 300 may include a polarizing plate according to the present invention.
The in-cell liquid crystal panel 100 may include a first substrate 110, a second substrate 120 disposed opposite the first substrate 110, a liquid crystal layer 130 disposed between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120, a touch sensor layer 140 disposed between the first substrate 110 and the liquid crystal layer 130, and a driving electrode and sensor layer 150 disposed between the liquid crystal layer 130 and the second substrate 120.
When one of the first polarizing plate 200 and the second polarizing plate 300 includes the polarizing plate according to the present invention, the other polarizing plate may include a typical polarizing plate well known to those skilled in the art.
Although not shown in fig. 3, a solid residue of the paste containing the metal powder may remain in the first polarizing plate 200 and the in-cell liquid crystal panel 100. The paste containing the metal powder is the same as described above.
Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to some examples. It should be noted, however, that these examples are provided for illustration only and should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way.
Example 1
A polyvinyl alcohol film (VF-TS #2000, hydrophobic polyvinyl alcohol resin, thickness: 20 μm, Kuraray Co., Ltd.) washed with water at 25 ℃ was subjected to swelling treatment in a water swelling bath at 30 ℃.
After the swelling treatment, the membrane was immersed in a dye bath containing an aqueous solution containing 1mol/ml of potassium iodide and 1 wt% of boric acid at 30 ℃ for 65 seconds. Thereafter, the film was immersed in a crosslinking bath containing an aqueous solution containing 2.5 wt% of boric acid at 30 ℃ for 30 seconds.
After the crosslinking treatment, the film was stretched in a stretching bath containing an aqueous solution containing 2.5 wt% of boric acid at 55 ℃.
The polyvinyl alcohol film is stretched to a total elongation of 5.0 times or more its original length by washing treatment, swelling treatment, dyeing treatment, crosslinking treatment, and stretching treatment. Then, the film was immersed in a color correction bath containing an aqueous solution for color correction containing 3.5 wt% of potassium iodide at 20 ℃ for 10 seconds.
After the color correction treatment, the film was washed with water and dried at 60 ℃, thereby producing a polarizer (thickness: 7 μm).
The surface roughness (Ra) of the polarizer was 1.1nm and the difference in surface roughness Ra between the opposing surfaces was 0 nm.
A triacetyl cellulose film having a hard coating layer was adhered to the upper surface of the polarizer via a water-based adhesive (prepared by dissolving a polyvinyl alcohol resin powder in water while stirring the powder at 95 ℃ and then adding a heat-curable aldehyde crosslinking agent), and a triacetyl cellulose film was adhered to the lower surface of the polarizer via a water-based adhesive (prepared by dissolving a polyvinyl alcohol resin powder in water while stirring the powder at 95 ℃ and then adding a heat-curable aldehyde crosslinking agent), thereby manufacturing a polarizing plate (each adhesive layer having a thickness of 50nm to 80 nm).
Examples 2 to 4
A polarizer and a polarizing plate were produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that the contents in each of the dyeing bath, the crosslinking bath, and the stretching bath, and the boric acid concentration, the stretching temperature, and/or the drying temperature in the stretching bath were changed as listed in table 1.
Example 5
A photocurable adhesive is prepared comprising: a (meth) acrylic compound including a hydroxyl group-containing (meth) acrylate, an epoxy compound including an alicyclic epoxy resin, a cationic photoinitiator including an onium salt, and a radical photoinitiator. A polarizing plate (thickness of each adhesive layer was 2 to 3 μm) was manufactured in the same manner as in example 1, except that the prepared photocurable adhesive was used instead of the water-based adhesive.
Comparative example 1
A polyvinyl alcohol film (VF-TS #3000, hydrophilic polyvinyl alcohol resin, thickness: 30 μm, Kuraray Co., Ltd.) washed with water at 25 ℃ was subjected to swelling treatment in a water swelling bath at 30 ℃.
After the swelling treatment, the film was immersed in a dye bath containing an aqueous solution containing 1mol/ml of potassium iodide and 1 wt% of boric acid at 30 ℃ for 65 seconds. Thereafter, the film was immersed in a crosslinking bath containing an aqueous solution containing 2.5 wt% of boric acid at 30 ℃ for 30 seconds. After the crosslinking treatment, the film was stretched in a stretching bath containing an aqueous solution containing 2.5 wt% of boric acid at 50 ℃.
The polyvinyl alcohol film is stretched to a total elongation of 5.0 times or more its original length by washing treatment, swelling treatment, dyeing treatment, crosslinking treatment, and stretching treatment.
Then, the film was immersed in a color correction bath containing an aqueous solution for color correction containing 3.5 wt% of potassium iodide at 20 ℃ for 10 seconds. After the color correction treatment, the film was washed with water and dried at 60 ℃, thereby producing a polarizer (thickness: 12 μm).
A polarizing plate was manufactured using a polarizer in the same manner as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
A polyvinyl alcohol film (VF-TS #2000, hydrophobic polyvinyl alcohol resin, thickness: 20 μm, Kuraray Co., Ltd.) washed with water at 25 ℃ was subjected to swelling treatment in a water swelling bath at 30 ℃.
After the swelling treatment, the membrane was immersed for 65 seconds at 30 ℃ in a dyebath containing an aqueous solution containing 1mol/ml potassium iodide and 1% by weight boric acid. Thereafter, the film was immersed at 30 ℃ for 30 seconds in a crosslinking bath containing an aqueous solution containing 2.5 wt% of boric acid.
After the crosslinking treatment, the film was stretched in a stretching bath containing an aqueous solution containing 3.5 wt% of boric acid at 50 ℃.
The polyvinyl alcohol film is stretched to a total elongation of 5.0 times or more its original length by washing treatment, swelling treatment, dyeing treatment and crosslinking treatment. Then, the film was immersed in a color correction bath containing an aqueous solution for color correction containing 3.5 wt% of potassium iodide at 20 ℃ for 10 seconds.
After the color correction treatment, the film was washed with water and dried at 100 ℃, thereby producing a polarizer (thickness: 7 μm).
A polarizing plate was manufactured using a polarizer in the same manner as in example 1.
Evaluation of Properties
(1) Surface roughness of polarizer (unit: nm): the surface roughness Ra, Rz, and Rq of each polarizer were measured using a surface roughness tester (Park XE-100AFM, Park Systems, Korea). In a non-contact mode of AFM (atomic force microscope), when a fine probe is placed near the surface of a specimen, the three-dimensional shape of the specimen can be obtained by measuring the interaction force between atoms. Using a probe placed near the polarizer surface, a surface roughness image was obtained in a measurement range of 1 μm X1 μm, and data of 512 pixels were obtained in each of the X and Y directions at a scanning rate of 1 Hz.
(2) A sample was prepared by attaching a release film (PET film) having an adhesive layer to the upper surface of each of the polarizing plates manufactured in examples and comparative examples. The prepared sample was adhered to a glass plate by a (meth) acrylic pressure sensitive adhesive layer. 0.5g of a paste containing silver powder (containing 48 wt% of plate-like silver powder having an average particle diameter (D50) of 5.0 μm, 10 wt% of a binder (cellulose acetate butyrate) and 42 wt% of a solvent (PGMEA) (SCPW-6, Electro-Lube Co., Ltd.)) was deposited thereon in the thickness direction of the polarizer plate to a thickness of 200 μm, and left at 60 ℃ and 95% RH for 240 hours. Silver ions (Ag) between the polarizer and the polarizing plate protective film were measured using an optical microscope (ML61L, Olympus co., Ltd.)+) Penetration length to obtain maximumLarge penetration length. The results are shown in table 1 and fig. 4.
TABLE 1
As shown in table 1, the polarizing plate according to the present invention may minimize penetration of metal ions between the polarizer and the protective film. Therefore, the polarizing plate according to the present invention can provide an effect of removing static electricity without affecting the polarizing function and the light emitting efficiency of the polarizing plate when the release film is removed from the polarizing plate after the release film having the adhesive layer attached thereto is stacked on the polarizing plate.
In contrast, the polarizing plates of comparative examples 1 and 2 had a maximum metal ion penetration length of more than 400 μm between the polarizer and the protective film, and thus the effects of the present invention could not be achieved.
As can be seen from fig. 4, the maximum metal ion penetration length of the polarizing plate of example 1 (corresponding to (B) in fig. 4) is much smaller than that of the polarizing plate of comparative example 1 (corresponding to (a) in fig. 4).
It is to be understood that various modifications, changes, alterations, and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A polarizing plate comprising a polarizer and a protective film stacked on at least one surface of the polarizer,
wherein the polarizer comprises a hydrophobic polyvinyl alcohol resin and has a surface roughness Ra of 10nm or less on a surface thereof facing the protective film,
when a paste containing a metal powder is deposited on a surface of the polarizing plate in a thickness direction of the polarizing plate and left at 60 ℃ and 95% relative humidity for 240 hours, the polarizing plate has a maximum metal ion penetration length between the polarizer and the protective film of 400 μm or less.
2. The polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein the polarizer has a surface roughness Rz of 0nm to 80nm on a surface thereof facing the protective film and a surface roughness Rq of 0nm to 20nm on a surface thereof facing the protective film.
3. The polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein the polarizer has a difference in surface roughness Ra between opposite surfaces thereof of 5nm or less.
4. The polarizing plate of claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic polyvinyl alcohol resin comprises unsubstituted C1To C20The hydrocarbon group serves as a hydrophobic functional group.
5. The polarizing plate of claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic polyvinyl alcohol resin comprises a copolymer of a monomer mixture comprising at least one vinyl ester monomer and a monomer providing a hydrophobic functional group.
6. The polarizing plate of claim 5, wherein the monomer providing the hydrophobic functional group comprises a monomer having C1To C20A monomer of hydrocarbon repeating units.
7. The polarizing plate of claim 1, wherein the polarizer has a thickness of 12 μm or less.
8. The polarizing plate of claim 1, wherein the protective film comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of: cellulose ester resins, cyclic polyolefin resins, polycarbonate resins, polyester resins, polyethersulfone resins, polysulfone resins, polyamide resins, polyimide resins, acyclic polyolefin resins, polyacrylate resins, polyvinyl alcohol resins, polyvinyl chloride resins, polyvinylidene chloride resins, and acrylic resins.
9. The polarizing plate of claim 1, wherein the polarizer is adhered to the protective film via an adhesive layer having a thickness of 0.01 μm to 10 μm.
10. An optical display device comprising the polarizing plate according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020200099645A KR20220019336A (en) | 2020-08-10 | 2020-08-10 | Polarizing plate and optical display apparatus comprising the same |
| KR10-2020-0099645 | 2020-08-10 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114077003A true CN114077003A (en) | 2022-02-22 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110896390.5A Pending CN114077003A (en) | 2020-08-10 | 2021-08-05 | Polarizing plate and optical display device comprising same |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US11698476B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20220019336A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN114077003A (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20060090761A (en) * | 2005-02-10 | 2006-08-16 | 세이코 엡슨 가부시키가이샤 | Method for manufacturing optical element |
| CN1928593A (en) * | 2005-09-07 | 2007-03-14 | 住友化学株式会社 | Highly durable polarization plate and liquid crystal display |
| WO2010100917A1 (en) * | 2009-03-05 | 2010-09-10 | 日東電工株式会社 | Highly functional thin polarizing film and process for producing same |
| JP2014119539A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2014-06-30 | Fujifilm Corp | Polarizing plate protective film, polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device |
| CN105705969A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2016-06-22 | 康宁股份有限公司 | Broadband polarizer made using ion exchangable fusion drawn glass sheets |
| CN107851409A (en) * | 2015-08-03 | 2018-03-27 | 夏普株式会社 | Display panel |
| WO2019058778A1 (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2019-03-28 | 日東電工株式会社 | Laminated optical film and method for manufacturing same, and image display device |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101411022B1 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2014-06-24 | 제일모직주식회사 | Polarizer plate and optical display device comprising the same |
-
2020
- 2020-08-10 KR KR1020200099645A patent/KR20220019336A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2021
- 2021-08-05 CN CN202110896390.5A patent/CN114077003A/en active Pending
- 2021-08-06 US US17/396,303 patent/US11698476B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20060090761A (en) * | 2005-02-10 | 2006-08-16 | 세이코 엡슨 가부시키가이샤 | Method for manufacturing optical element |
| CN1928593A (en) * | 2005-09-07 | 2007-03-14 | 住友化学株式会社 | Highly durable polarization plate and liquid crystal display |
| WO2010100917A1 (en) * | 2009-03-05 | 2010-09-10 | 日東電工株式会社 | Highly functional thin polarizing film and process for producing same |
| JP2014119539A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2014-06-30 | Fujifilm Corp | Polarizing plate protective film, polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device |
| CN105705969A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2016-06-22 | 康宁股份有限公司 | Broadband polarizer made using ion exchangable fusion drawn glass sheets |
| CN107851409A (en) * | 2015-08-03 | 2018-03-27 | 夏普株式会社 | Display panel |
| WO2019058778A1 (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2019-03-28 | 日東電工株式会社 | Laminated optical film and method for manufacturing same, and image display device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US11698476B2 (en) | 2023-07-11 |
| KR20220019336A (en) | 2022-02-17 |
| US20220043188A1 (en) | 2022-02-10 |
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