CN114076339A

CN114076339A - Energy-saving assembly type building integrated system

Info

Publication number: CN114076339A
Application number: CN202110478328.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵顺廷; 朱思远; 赵健; 赵春伟; 吕昌安
Original assignee: Qingdao Construction Group Co ltd; Qingjian Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Qingdao Construction Group Co ltd; Qingjian Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-30
Filing date: 2021-04-30
Publication date: 2022-02-22
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-30
Also published as: CN114076339B

Abstract

The invention provides an integrated system of an assembly type building, which comprises a heater and the assembly type building, wherein the heater is communicated with the assembly type building, air is heated by the heater and then sent into the assembly type building, hot air from the heater is divided into two paths, one path of hot air enters the building, and the other path of hot air enters a thermodynamic system; the thermodynamic system comprises a heat exchanger, wherein a horizontal baffle is arranged in the heat exchanger, the baffle extends the whole cross section of a shell of the heat exchanger, the baffle is arranged between a spraying device and an air inlet of the heat exchanger, a fluid hole is formed in the baffle, the air flows upwards through the fluid hole, and simultaneously water flows downwards from the lower part; along the lower portion to the upper portion, the spacing between adjacent baffles increases and then begins to decrease continuously at a certain location. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the distance between the baffle plates of the heat exchanger, the countercurrent heat exchange effect between the heat exchangers is better satisfied, the heat exchange efficiency between the two inlets is highest, the heat exchange time is longest, the heat exchange effect is better compared with the normal countercurrent heat exchange effect, and the heat exchange efficiency can be further improved.

Description

Energy-saving assembly type building integrated system

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of heat exchange, energy conservation and environmental protection, and relates to an integrated system of an assembly type building and a heating and ventilation system thereof.

Background

With the continuous development of economy and the large consumption of energy sources, energy conservation becomes a global concern, the utilization of renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy and the like, industrial waste heat and waste heat becomes a key point for research and development of various countries, however, the energy sources have the characteristics of discontinuity and instability, and therefore, the research of an energy storage technology is particularly important. The heat storage technology is one of energy storage technologies, and an important ring in the heat storage technology is the design of a phase change heat storage heat exchanger. The common phase change heat accumulating heat exchanger has two pipes connected together and cold and hot fluid flows through the inner pipe and the outer pipe separately. The phase change heat storage material is packaged in the phase change heat storage unit with a certain shape and applied to the heat storage box, so that the occupied area of the conventional heat storage box can be reduced, and the defect of discontinuous utilization of waste heat, waste heat and solar energy can be overcome. The flat plate heat exchanger is the heat exchanger with the highest heat exchange efficiency in various heat exchangers at present, and has the advantages of small occupied space and convenience in mounting and dismounting. The high-pressure resistant staggered circulation structure of the plate heat exchanger is formed by combining concave-convex lines between two adjacent plates in a vacuum welding mode, and the staggered circulation structure enables cold and hot fluid in the plate heat exchanger to generate strong turbulence to achieve a high heat exchange effect.

Solar energy is inexhaustible clean energy and has huge resource amount, and the total amount of solar radiation energy collected on the surface of the earth every year is 1 multiplied by 10¹⁸kW.h, which is ten thousand times of the total energy consumed in the world year. The utilization of solar energy has been used as an important item for the development of new energy in all countries of the world. However, the solar radiation has a small energy density (about one kilowatt per square meter) and is discontinuous, which brings certain difficulties for large-scale exploitation and utilization. Therefore, in order to widely use solar energy, not only the technical problems should be solved, but also it is necessary to be economically competitive with conventional energy sources.

At present, buildings, industries and traffic become three major industries for energy use, and the energy-saving potential of the building industry is the greatest. The building energy consumption in China accounts for more than 27% of all energy consumption, and the building energy consumption is increased at a speed of 1 percent per year. In the energy consumption of buildings, the energy consumption of the heating air conditioner is the largest and accounts for more than 6 percent of the whole proportion. In global energy consumption, 45 percent of energy is used for meeting the requirements of heat removal, refrigeration, lighting and the like of buildings, and 5 percent of energy is used for the building process of the buildings, so that the energy consumption of the buildings is reduced, the energy consumption of the whole world is reduced, and the consolidation of the whole ecological system is favorably maintained. Under the environment of high-speed and stable development of economy in China, according to continuous improvement of living standard of people and rapid development of urbanization, building energy consumption and renewable energy utilization are urgent problems to be solved in the field of construction, and along with the improvement of the requirement of China on building energy-saving standard, low-energy-consumption buildings become the trend of future development. The development of a solar building integration technology and the improvement of the proportion of renewable energy sources such as solar energy and the like in building energy consumption are important means for realizing social sustainable development in the aims of energy conservation and emission reduction at the present stage. Energy-saving work in China starts late compared with developed countries, energy waste is very serious, and for example, building heating in China consumes heat: the outer wall is 4-5 times of developed countries with similar climatic conditions, the roof is 2.5-5.5 times, and the outer window is 1.5-2.2 times; the air permeability of the door and window is 3-6 times, and the total energy consumption is 3-4 times. In order to reduce energy consumption, the utilization of clean energy sources such as solar photovoltaic photo-thermal energy, wind power generation, tidal power generation and the like is gradually popularized in China at present, and some incentive policies are formulated.

The solar building integration technology is the development direction of the solar technology in the future, and refers to the overall design of bringing the utilization of solar energy into the environment, integrating the building, the technology and the aesthetics into a whole, and the solar facilities become a part of the building and are organically combined with each other, so that the investment can be saved, the integral aesthetic property of the building is not damaged, and the integration problem of the facilities and the building can be utilized to the maximum extent. The application of the solar building integration technology in heating can further reduce the building energy consumption. However, in the current practical engineering application, on one hand, the beauty of a building cannot be fully ensured, and meanwhile, the space occupancy rate of a wall body is possibly overlarge, so that the assembly efficiency of the building structure is reduced, and on the other hand, the problem of low solar heat efficiency utilization rate exists.

An air ventilation processing device is arranged in a solar building, an air heat source is taken as a low-temperature heat source in a heat pump mode at present, electric energy or superheated steam is taken as a high-temperature heat source, quality improvement and temperature rise are carried out through the heat pump, and utilization of solar energy is achieved. However, the thermodynamic system has more complex equipment composition and higher initial investment cost, wherein the closed thermodynamic system belongs to an indirect heat exchange mode and cannot realize further condensation and extraction of water vapor; the open thermodynamic system absorbs solution and air direct contact reaction, and impurity granule in the air will get into and absorb solution and cause the pollution of solution, and then leads to scaling or jam in the pipeline, and system reliability is relatively poor.

For the above analysis, the following technical problems exist in the prior art: the integrated building wall has low solar energy utilization efficiency, the space occupancy rate of the wall may be too large, and the assembly efficiency of the building structure is reduced, so that improvement is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a solar building air conditioner wall and a system thereof, which improve the heat exchange performance and improve the assembly efficiency.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a fabricated wall system, the system comprising a heater, a fabricated building, the heater being in communication with the fabricated building, air being heated at the heater and then being delivered into the fabricated building;

the building comprises an assembled wall body, wherein the wall body comprises a transparent plate, a preheating pipe, a heat insulation layer, an outer bearing wall, a heat insulation layer, an inner bearing wall and a ventilation part; the transparent plate, the preheating pipe and the heat insulation layer are arranged on the outer surface of the outer bearing wall, the transparent plate is arranged outside the preheating pipe, the heat insulation layer is arranged on the inner side of the preheating pipe, and the heat insulation layer is arranged between the outer bearing wall and the inner bearing wall; the ventilation component is arranged on the inner surface of the inner bearing wall; an inlet at the upper part of the ventilation component is connected with a heater, a preheating pipe extends from the upper part to the lower part of the wall body, the preheating pipe is provided with a branch, the inlet of the branch extends into a room at the inner side of the wall body, and a fan is arranged at the inlet of the branch;

the hot air from the heater is divided into two paths, wherein one path of the hot air enters the building, and the other path of the hot air enters the thermodynamic system; the thermodynamic system comprises an air inlet, a heat exchanger, an air pressure adjusting device, a pressure control device, a turbine, a water tank and a heat output device, wherein the air inlet is connected with the air pressure adjusting device, the air pressure adjusting device is connected with the heat exchanger, an air outlet at the upper end of the heat exchanger is connected with the turbine, a first pressure control device is arranged on a pipeline between the air outlet and the turbine, a hot water outlet at the lower end of the heat exchanger is connected with the water tank, a second pressure control device is arranged on a pipeline between the hot water outlet and the water tank, the water tank is connected with the heat output device, the heat output device is connected with the heat exchanger, and the turbine outputs electric energy or mechanical energy and can convey energy to the air pressure adjusting device; the air outlet is connected with the heater, thereby forming a circulation.

Preferably, the upper outlet of the preheating pipe is connected with a heater.

Preferably, a valve is arranged at each branch inlet, and the air quantity circulated by each household can be controlled independently.

Preferably, a circulating water pump is arranged on a pipeline between the water tank and the heat output device, and a circulating water pump is arranged on a pipeline between the heat output device and the heat exchanger.

Preferably, the air pressure regulating means comprises a compressor.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. through the setting of heat exchanger baffle interval, mainly air inlet's air temperature is the highest, through the interval constantly increasing between the baffle for lower part baffle quantity is the most, makes more abundant heat transfer between the air between the baffle of lower part and the water. Similarly, because the temperature of shower water is the lowest, constantly increases through the interval between the water flow direction baffle for upper portion baffle quantity is the most, makes more abundant heat transfer between the air between the baffle on upper portion and the water. Through foretell setting for satisfy the heat transfer effect against current more between the above-mentioned heat exchanger, make the heat exchange efficiency between two entrances the highest, heat transfer time is the longest, and for normal heat transfer effect against current, the heat transfer effect is better, can further improve heat exchange efficiency.

2. The invention firstly integrates water collection and air energy recovery, impurity removal and air source power generation into a system, so that the air after solar energy recovery and impurity removal is directly used for power generation, and the power generated can also be used as the energy source of an air pressure adjusting device of the system, thereby achieving the integrated water collection and waste heat recovery, impurity removal and air power generation system.

3. In the device, after the pressure of air is increased through the pressure adjusting device, the air temperature is increased, more heat exchange is carried out when the air and water are subjected to contact type heat exchange, the moisture in the air can be recovered, the latent heat of vaporization entering the liquid circulating water is further increased, and the water heat recovery efficiency of the device is obviously improved compared with that of the traditional mode.

4. In the device, after high-pressure air does work through turbine adiabatic expansion, the pressure of an air outlet is atmospheric pressure, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved. The flow and pressure parameters of the circulating water pump are changed, and the spraying amount is controlled, so that the temperature of the circulating water outlet of the heat exchanger is adjusted. The temperature of the circulating water outlet can be adjusted within a certain range, and the control and the use of a user can be facilitated.

5. After the circulating water is atomized by the nozzle, the gas-liquid contact area is increased, the formation of fog is facilitated, and fog and particulate matters can be captured by the circulating water through the washing effect of the circulating water; meanwhile, atomized liquid drops and condensed steam can be used as condensation cores, and particles are adsorbed in the crystal nucleus growth process, so that impurity components can be removed.

6. The invention provides a novel assembly type building wall body which is arranged on the non-bottom. Through the assembly of above-mentioned assembled wall body, through setting up devices such as transparent plate, preheater tube, can make the air that gets into the heater preheat earlier, reach the air conditioning effect, improved the degree of utilization rational utilization efficiency of solar energy.

7. Compared with the traditional wall body, the heat-collecting tube and the ventilation component are arranged in the wall body, so that the heat-carrying fluid can circularly flow in combination with the heater, the integral appearance of the building is kept, the industrial production can be realized, and the installation efficiency of the building wall body is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a novel modular building system for collecting air for water and heat exchange;

2-1, 2-2 are schematic views of wall structures of prefabricated buildings;

FIG. 3 is a detailed structural diagram of an integrated building system provided with a solar thermal system;

FIG. 4 is a detailed structural diagram of an integrated building provided with a solar thermal system;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a thermodynamic system.

Wherein, 1, an air inlet, 2, an air pressure adjusting device, 3, a heat exchanger, 4, a demisting device, 5, a pressure control device, 6, a turbine, 7, an air outlet, 8, a defoaming device, 9, a first pump, 10, a heat output device, 11, a second pump, 12, a water intake, 13, a water tank, 14, a medicine feeding and water supplementing port, 15, a filtering device, 16 and a pressure control device,

17. the heater, transparent plate 18, preheating pipe 19, heat insulation layer 20, outer bearing wall 21, heat preservation layer 22, inner bearing wall 23, ventilation part 24, prefabricated building 25.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 illustrates a prefabricated building system. As shown in fig. 1, the system includes a heater 17, a building 25, the heater 17 being in communication with the building 25, air being heated at the heater 17 and then being delivered to the building 25. The building includes fabricated walls as shown in fig. 2-1, 2-2.

The heater is preferably a solar collector.

As shown in fig. 2-1, the wall body comprises a transparent plate 18, a preheating pipe 19, a heat insulating layer 20, an outer bearing wall 21, an insulating layer 22, an inner bearing wall 23 and a ventilation part 24; the transparent plate 18, the preheating pipe 19 and the heat insulation layer 20 are arranged on the outer surface of the outer bearing wall 21, the transparent plate 18 is arranged outside the preheating pipe 19, the heat insulation layer 20 is arranged on the inner side of the preheating pipe 19, and the heat insulation layer 22 is arranged between the outer bearing wall 21 and the inner bearing wall 23; the ventilation component 24 is arranged on the inner surface of the inner bearing wall 23; the inlet at the upper part of the ventilation component 24 is connected with the heater 17, the preheating pipe 19 extends from the upper part to the lower part of the wall body, the preheating pipe is provided with a branch, the inlet of the branch extends into a room at the inner side of the wall body, and the inlet of the branch is provided with a fan.

As an option, the upper outlet of the preheating pipe 19 is connected with the heater 17. Preferably, the uppermost preheating pipe 19 is connected to the heater 17.

The fabricated wall of fig. 2-1 is not a wall located at the bottom of a building.

As another option, a wall located at the bottom of a building is included, as shown in fig. 2-2. The wall body comprises a transparent plate 18, a preheating pipe 19, a heat insulating layer 20, an outer bearing wall 21, a heat insulating layer 22, an inner bearing wall 23 and a ventilation part 24; the transparent plate 18, the preheating pipe 19 and the heat insulation layer 20 are arranged on the outer surface of the outer bearing wall 21, the transparent plate 18 is arranged outside the preheating pipe 19, the heat insulation layer 20 is arranged on the inner side of the preheating pipe 19, and the heat insulation layer 22 is arranged between the outer bearing wall 21 and the inner bearing wall 23; the ventilation component 24 is arranged on the inner surface of the inner bearing wall 23; the upper inlet of the ventilation component 24 is connected with the heater 17, the preheating pipe 19 extends from the upper part of the wall body, and the lower part of the wall body is of a closed structure. The preheating pipe is provided with a branch, the inlet of the branch extends into the room on the inner side of the wall body, and the inlet of the branch is provided with a fan.

As an option, the upper outlet of the preheating pipe 19 is connected with the heater 17.

Through the matching of the two assembled walls, a solar energy system for supplying air to a building can be formed. Wherein the position of fig. 1-1 is at a non-bottom position and the position of fig. 1-2 is at a bottom position, in cooperation with each other.

The multi-parallel multi-user ventilation system is formed by matching two assembled walls.

Preferably, the ventilation means may take the form of a grille.

Preferably, the ventilation means may also take the form of a bypass (not shown) similar to a pre-heater tube. The ventilation component also includes a branch that extends into the building. Preferably, the branch is provided with a valve, and the amount of air entering each household can be controlled independently.

Air in the heater enters the ventilation part 24 through an upper inlet of the ventilation part 24 after being heated, the ventilation part 24 supplies hot air to the interior of the building, so that a heating effect is achieved, then the air in the interior of the building enters a lower inlet of the preheating pipe 19 through the fan, then enters the preheating pipe, absorbs solar energy in the preheating pipe, rises in temperature, and then enters the heater 17 through an upper preheating pipe outlet to be heated, so that a circulating system is formed. Thereby providing an air conditioning effect.

Alternatively, the lower inlet of the preheating duct 19 extends to the outside of the wall body, and introduces the outdoor air into the preheating duct.

The preheating pipe absorbs solar energy, so that the fluid flows upwards, a natural convection effect can be formed, power devices such as a fan and the like are reduced, and noise is reduced.

Preferably, an auxiliary power device, such as a fan, may be provided. But now because of the natural convection effect, the power of the pump is greatly reduced, and the noise is reduced.

Preferably, a lens is arranged on the transparent plate 18 for focusing solar energy on the preheating tube. Through setting up lens, can focus the heat gathering to the preheater tube with shining the heat on the transparent plate to further improve the utilization efficiency of solar energy.

According to the invention, the transparent plate, the preheating pipe and other devices are arranged, so that air entering the heater can be preheated first, and the reasonable utilization efficiency of the solar energy utilization degree is improved.

Preferably, the ventilation member is a flat tubular member having a flat side parallel to the wall body and a plurality of ventilation openings formed in the flat side facing the wall body. The flat side of the flat tube is parallel to the wall body, so that the heat exchange surface of the flat side faces the interior of a building, and the heat utilization efficiency is improved.

Preferably, the vent is grille-like.

Preferably, the transparent plate is glass.

Preferably, the winter solar system carries out hot air conveying indoors.

Preferably, the ventilation member comprises an air inlet connected to the outside of the wall, the air inlet being provided with an external fan. The air inlet side is provided with a temperature sensor. In summer, the solar system stops carrying out hot air conveying indoors, the temperature is high in daytime and relatively low at night, when the temperature at night reaches a proper temperature, such as a proper temperature of a human body, for example, about 18-25 ℃, the temperature sensor transmits a received temperature signal to the controller, and the controller controls the external fan to start working and convey external low-temperature gas into a room for cooling. Therefore, the invention realizes the bidirectional regulation function of the indoor temperature in summer and winter, is economical and practical and meets the requirement of environmental protection.

As shown in fig. 1, the hot air from the heater is split into two paths, one path to the building and one path to the thermodynamic system. The thermodynamic system is shown in fig. 3. The thermodynamic system comprises an air inlet 1, a heat exchanger 3, an air pressure adjusting device 2,

pressure control devices

5 and 16, a turbine 6, a water tank 13 and a heat output device 10, wherein the air inlet 1 is connected with the air pressure adjusting device 2, the air pressure adjusting device 2 is connected with the heat exchanger 3, an air outlet at the upper end of the heat exchanger 3 is connected with the turbine 6, the turbine 6 is connected with an air outlet 7, the first pressure control device 5 is arranged on a pipeline between the air outlet 7 and the turbine 6, a hot water outlet at the lower end of the heat exchanger 3 is connected with the water tank 13, the second pressure control device 16 is arranged on a pipeline between the hot water outlet and the water tank 13, the water tank 13 is connected with the heat output device 10, the heat output device 10 is connected with the heat exchanger 3, and the turbine 6 transmits energy to the air pressure adjusting device 2. Preferably, the air outlet 7 is connected to a solar collector 17. Thereby forming a cycle.

The invention firstly integrates water collection and air energy recovery, impurity removal and air power generation into a system, so that the air after solar energy recovery and impurity removal is directly used for power generation, and the generated electric energy can also be used as an energy source of an air pressure adjusting device of the system, thereby achieving the integrated water collection and heat recovery, impurity removal and air power generation system.

The condition that the temperature of hot air is low exists when the hot air in the solar energy is directly used for heat exchange power generation actually, the energy of the hot air is improved by arranging the compressor, on one hand, the redundant hot air is fully utilized, and on the other hand, the solar energy utilization efficiency is improved.

The thermodynamic system of the invention preferably uses conditions where the moisture content of the air is relatively high.

Preferably, the prefabricated building comprises a return air duct connected to the air inlet 1. Through connecting air inlet 1 between the return air pipe for the return air directly gets into heat exchanger and participates in the heat transfer, make full use of the heat of return air.

Preferably, the air inlet pipe of the building is connected with the ventilation component 24, the air inlet pipe is provided with a first valve 27, the air outlet pipe of the heater is provided with a second valve 26, the second valve is arranged at the downstream of the air inlet pipe of the building, and the quantity of hot air entering the building is controlled by controlling the opening degree of the first valve and the second valve.

A temperature sensor is arranged in the assembled building and used for detecting the temperature in the building, and when the detected temperature exceeds the expectation, the opening degree of the first valve is controlled to be reduced, and the opening degree of the second valve is controlled to be increased. When the detected temperature is lower than expected, the opening degree of the second valve is controlled to be reduced, and the opening degree of the first valve is controlled to be increased. Through automatically regulated, guarantee that indoor temperature is balanced, also guarantee simultaneously that more solar energy is by make full use of.

Preferably, the end of the connecting pipeline is connected with a spraying device, and the connecting pipeline of the air pressure adjusting device 2 and the heat exchanger 3 extends into the heat exchanger and is positioned at the lower part of the spraying device. Spray through spray set makes air and water carry out the intensive mixing heat transfer, improves the heat transfer effect.

Preferably, a filtering device 15, a dosing water replenishing port 14 and a water intake port 12 are arranged in the water tank 13, and the dosing water replenishing port and the water intake port are arranged at the lower part of the filtering device.

Preferably, a circulating water pump 11 is arranged on a pipeline between the water tank and the heat output device, and a circulating water pump 9 is arranged on a pipeline between the heat output device and the heat exchanger.

Preferably, the air pressure regulating device 2 comprises a compressor. After the pressure of the wet air is increased through the pressure adjusting device, the air temperature is increased, the air is changed from a low-temperature state at an inlet into a high-temperature state, more water can be condensed when the air is in contact type heat exchange with water, the latent heat of vaporization entering liquid circulating water is further increased, and the water heat recovery efficiency of the device is obviously improved compared with that of the traditional mode.

According to the utilization method of the solar heat pump shown in fig. 2, hot air of a heater enters an air pressure regulating device through an air pipeline to be changed into high-temperature and high-pressure air, then the high-temperature and high-pressure air is introduced into a heat exchanger to perform direct contact type heat exchange with circulating water, wherein sensible heat is released by cooling the air, and latent heat of vaporization is further released after water vapor in the air reaches a saturated state, so that the latent heat of vaporization of the air is recovered; the circulating water exchanges heat with air in a contact manner in the heat exchanger, the heated circulating water flows back to the water tank, after the processes of filtering and dosing reaction, the circulating water is pressurized by the circulating water pump and then is pumped to the heat output device to release heat, and the cooled circulating water enters the heat exchanger to be sprayed to complete circulation after being pressurized by the circulating water pump; the cooled saturated wet air passes through the demisting device and the defoaming device to remove fog drops with larger particle sizes, then enters the turbine, pushes the turbine impeller to rotate by means of the expansive force of high-pressure gas, drives the generator to generate power or outputs mechanical energy to coaxially drive the fan motor to do work, and finally enters the heater to be circularly heated in a normal pressure state.

Preferably, the air pressure adjusting device 2 may be a pressure transmitting device such as an air compressor. Because the moisture content in the air is possibly high, the modes of coating corrosion prevention, material corrosion prevention and the like can be adopted. The power of the compressor can be called for adjusting the pressure parameters of the system. The power of the pressure adjusting device can be adjusted according to actual needs, so that the delivered air pressure can be changed according to needs. For example, when the sensed pressure and temperature of the output air in the heat exchanger is below a predetermined pressure and temperature, the system intelligently adjusts the delivered power so that the output air pressure is increased, thereby ensuring that the pressure and temperature entering the turbine 6 meet the power generation requirements.

Preferably, a temperature and/or pressure sensor is arranged at an air outlet at the upper part of the heat exchanger 3 and used for detecting the temperature and/or pressure of the discharged air, the air pressure adjusting device 2 and the temperature sensor are in data connection with a controller, and the controller automatically adjusts the compression power of the air pressure adjusting device 2 according to the detected temperature and/or pressure, so that the output air temperature and pressure can meet the power generation requirement.

Preferably, the turbine 6 is in data connection with a controller, which controls the amount of energy delivered by the turbine 6 to the compressor 2 to control the compression power of the air pressure regulating device 2.

Preferably, when the detected air temperature is lower than the set temperature and/or pressure lower limit, the controller controls the compression power of the air pressure adjusting device 2 to be increased, thereby increasing the temperature and pressure of the air introduced into the heat exchanger 3.

Preferably, when the detected air temperature is higher than the set temperature and/or pressure upper limit, the controller controls the compression power of the air pressure adjusting device 2 to be reduced, thereby reducing the temperature and pressure of the air introduced into the heat exchanger 3. By such arrangement, on one hand, more electric energy can be transmitted and utilized by the turbine 6, and more energy can be subjected to heat exchange in the heat exchanger 3, so that the user needs can be better met.

By controlling the compression power of the air pressure adjusting device 2 according to the temperature and the pressure of the air at the outlet of the heat exchanger 3, the pressure and the temperature of the air entering the turbine 6 can be ensured to meet the power generation requirement, and more electric energy can be output and the heat supply requirement of a user can be met.

Preferably, the first pump 9 is in data connection with a controller, which controls the power of the first pump 9 in dependence of the air outlet temperature at the upper part of the heat exchanger 3.

Preferably, a temperature and/or pressure sensor is arranged at an air outlet at the upper part of the heat exchanger 3 and used for detecting the temperature and/or pressure of the discharged air, the first pump 9 and the temperature sensor are in data connection with a controller, and the controller automatically adjusts the compression power of the first pump 9 according to the detected temperature and/or pressure, so that the temperature and pressure of the output air can meet the power generation requirement.

Preferably, the turbine 6 is connected to the first pump 9 for supplying electrical energy to the first pump 9, and the turbine 6 is in data connection with a controller for controlling the amount of energy supplied by the turbine 6 to the first pump 9 for controlling the power of the first pump 9.

Preferably, when the detected air temperature is lower than the set temperature and/or pressure lower limit, the controller controls the first pump 9 to decrease the power, thereby reducing the amount of the heat sink entering the heat exchanger and increasing the temperature and pressure of the air output from the heat exchanger 3.

Preferably, when the detected air temperature is higher than the set upper temperature and/or pressure limit, the controller controls the power of the first pump 9 to be increased, thereby increasing the amount of the cold source entering the heat exchanger, and thus decreasing the temperature and pressure of the air output from the heat exchanger 3. By such arrangement, on one hand, more electric energy can be transmitted and utilized by the turbine 6, and more energy can be subjected to heat exchange in the heat exchanger 3, so that the user needs can be better met.

By controlling the size of the first pump 9 according to the temperature and the pressure of the air at the outlet of the heat exchanger 3, the pressure and the temperature of the air entering the turbine 6 can meet the power generation requirement, and more electric energy can be output and the heat supply requirement of a user can be met.

Preferably, the heat exchanger 3 is a direct contact heat exchanger, and a gas-liquid contact reaction apparatus such as a spray column, a plate column, or a packed column can be used. The wet air enters the reaction tower from the middle part of the reaction tower and leaves the reaction tower from the top of the reaction tower; circulating water enters the reaction tower from the upper part of the reaction tower and leaves the reaction tower from the bottom of the reaction tower.

As a modification, the heat exchanger 3 is provided with a horizontal baffle extending over the entire cross-section of the housing of the heat exchanger 3, the baffle being arranged between the shower and the air inlet of the heat exchanger, the baffle being provided with fluid openings through which the air flows upwards while the water flows downwards from below.

According to the invention, the baffle is arranged, so that the sprayed fluid and air can stay on the baffle for more time, and the heat exchange time is prolonged. Meanwhile, gas and liquid can be subjected to concentrated heat exchange in the fluid holes, and the occurrence of a heat exchange short circuit area is avoided.

Preferably, the baffle is provided in plurality. Through a plurality of baffles, fluid flows out of the baffles through the fluid holes, enters the next baffle space, stays for more time between the baffles, and continues to exchange heat. The heat can be fully and continuously utilized.

Preferably, the uppermost and lowermost baffles have a non-uniform distribution of fluid hole distribution density. The distribution density of the through-flow holes is increasing from the centre of the uppermost and lowermost baffle to the location where the baffles are connected to the shell of the heat exchanger 3. Because the fluid distributed in the center is the most and the fluid distributed from the center to the outside is reduced no matter the spray head is in spraying or air input, the fluid holes are unevenly distributed, so that the fluid holes can be evenly distributed in the process of flowing upwards and downwards through the fluid holes, and the damage caused by overhigh local temperature is avoided.

Preferably, the distribution density of the through-flow holes increases from the center of the baffle plate to the connecting position of the baffle plate and the shell. Through the arrangement, the requirement of uniform fluid distribution can be further met.

Preferably, the horizontal baffle plates are of two types, the first type is that the distribution density of the through holes is increased from the center of the baffle plate to the edge of the baffle plate (the connecting position of the baffle plate and the heat exchanger shell). In the second type, the distribution density of the through-flow holes is reduced from the center of the baffle to the edge of the baffle (the position where the baffle is connected with the housing). A plurality of parallel baffles are arranged along the height direction, and the types of the adjacent baffles are different. The baffles are formed into baffle-like forms by arranging adjacent baffles to be different in type. The fluid flow in the center or around of the previous baffle is the largest, and after the fluid flows into the next baffle, the fluid needs to flow to the around or the center, so that the flow path of the fluid is increased, the fluid can be fully contacted with the heat exchange component, and the heat exchange effect is improved.

Preferably, the uppermost and lowermost baffles are of the first type.

Through setting up the baffle, also can make more the dissolving in aqueous of particulate matter in the air, reduce the pollution of exhaust.

Preferably, the baffle members are metallic members. The metal piece is arranged to play a role in enhancing heat transfer.

Preferably, the spacing between adjacent baffles increases from the lower portion to the upper portion and then begins to decrease at a certain location.

The certain position is preferably an intermediate position between the shower and the heat exchanger air inlet.

Through the setting, the air temperature of the air inlet is the highest, and the number of the lower baffles is the largest through the continuous increase of the distance between the baffles, so that the air between the lower baffles and the water exchange is more sufficient. Similarly, because the temperature of shower water is the lowest, constantly increases through the interval between the water flow direction baffle for upper portion baffle quantity is the most, makes more abundant heat transfer between the air between the baffle on upper portion and the water. Through foretell setting for satisfy the heat transfer effect against current more between the above-mentioned heat exchanger, make the heat exchange efficiency between two entrances the highest, heat transfer time is the longest, and for normal heat transfer effect against current, the heat transfer effect is better, can further improve heat exchange efficiency.

Preferably, the spacing between adjacent baffles increases with increasing magnitude from the lower portion to the upper portion, and then begins decreasing with increasing magnitude at a certain location. The amplitude of the structure is also the result of a large number of experiments and numerical simulation, and the heat exchange efficiency is further improved by about 7%.

Preferably, in order to prevent air from flowing out through the bottom pipeline of the heat exchanger, a certain liquid level height is required to be kept in the reaction tower as a liquid seal, and the liquid level height is the distance from the liquid level of the cooling water to the second pressure control device and can be set to be 1 m. At this time, the second pressure control device sets the pressure parameter as the difference between the positive pressure value in the heat exchanger and the liquid level height water head.

Preferably, the heat exchanger 3 is made of a pressure-resistant material such as stainless steel because the temperature of the air flowing through the heat exchanger is high and the internal pressure of the air is higher than the pressure of the external environment. The pressure in the heat exchanger is the sum of the supercharging amount of the air pressure adjusting device and the ambient pressure, and can be adjusted and controlled through pressure control devices arranged at an upper side air outlet and a lower side cooling water outlet of the heat exchanger.

Preferably, the demister 8 and demister 4 are arranged above the interior of the heat exchanger 3 for filtering out liquid droplets entrained with the air. The defoaming device can be a silk screen defoaming device and a demisting device can be a baffle plate type demisting device.

Preferably, a demister 8 and a demister 4 are arranged in the heat exchanger 3, the demister 4 is arranged above the demister 8, and a connecting line between the heat output device 10 and the heat exchanger 3 extends into the heat exchanger 3 and is arranged below the demister 8. Because recirculated cooling water adopts the form of spraying to get into heat exchanger, inside air is with the cooling water reverse contact and the velocity of flow is higher, and accessible defogging device is fixed with the entrapment of defoaming device to large granule liquid drop.

The second pump 11 is used for raising the pressure of the circulating water in the pipeline. The pressure provided by the first pump 9 is used for ensuring the working state of a spraying device, preferably a nozzle in the heat exchanger 3, and the pressure and flow parameters are determined by the spraying working condition of the nozzle. The pressure provided by the second pump 11 is used for ensuring the flowing heat exchange state of the circulating water in the heat output device 10, and the pressure, the temperature and the flow parameters are fed back and adjusted by the thermodynamic calculation result of the heat output device. The thermodynamic calculation is calculated by the gas-liquid energy balance of the heat exchanger 3.

The pressure control device 5 and the pressure control device 16 are used for controlling pressure parameters in the heat exchanger, and can be selected from a self-standing pressure regulating valve or a digital pressure regulating valve. Because the system is continuously air inlet, the intermittent pressure control is carried out by utilizing a self-standing pressure regulating valve or a digital pressure regulating valve. The pressure regulating valve adopts a post-valve decompression mode, and the pressure control value is consistent with the set value of the air pressure regulating device. When the pressure in the heat exchanger is lower than a set value, the regulating valve is in a closed state, the boosted air is enriched in the heat exchanger, and the internal pressure is gradually increased; when the pressure in the heat exchanger is higher than a set value, the regulating valve is in an open state, air leaves the heat exchanger through the regulating valve, the internal pressure is gradually reduced, the regulating valve is reset, and the closed state is finally recovered.

The heat output device 10 is a user-side heat utilization device, and can adopt a common heat exchange mode to utilize the heat of circulating water. This example uses a domestic radiator heating process as the heat utilization device. The radiator can be used for heating of prefabricated buildings, such as fig. 4, and also for heating of other buildings, such as fig. 3.

The water tank 13 is used for storing circulating water of the system and has a buffering effect, and meanwhile, the running temperature of the system can be adjusted by controlling the flow of the circulating water. After gas-liquid heat exchange is carried out on the circulating water in the heat exchanger 3, the circulating water flows into the lower water tank 13 under the action of pressure in the tower. As trace impurities, particles and the like in the air are dissolved in the circulating water during the operation of the system, the trace impurities, the particles and the like are enriched in the circulating water after long-term operation, and a water treatment device and a filtering device are required to be arranged in the water tank.

The dosing water replenishing port 14 is arranged at the bottom of the water tank 13 and used for feeding impurity treatment agents, and dosing modes such as timed feeding, continuous feeding and the like can be adopted.

The water intake 12 is also arranged at the bottom of the water tank 13, and the system can extract water vapor in the air to enter circulating water, so that the quality balance of the original water in the system can be broken by long-term operation, and the recovered water needs to be extracted. Meanwhile, the water intake 12 can also be used for discharging circulating water in the water tank 13.

The filtering device 15 is located inside the water tank 13 and is used for filtering particulate matters or precipitated matters with larger particle sizes.

A solar energy air source thermal work method comprises the following steps: air heated in the heater, particularly wet air, enters the air pressure adjusting device 2 to adjust air pressure parameters, so that the air pressure can be increased, the air temperature is increased along with the increase of the air temperature, then the air is introduced into the heat exchanger 3, the air and circulating water are subjected to direct contact type heat exchange, the air is cooled to release sensible heat, and water vapor in the air further releases latent heat of vaporization after reaching a saturated state. The pressure control device 5 is arranged above the heat exchanger 3, and the pressure control device 16 is arranged below the heat exchanger 3 and used for controlling the pressure in the heat exchanger 3 to be stable. The cooled saturated wet air passes through the demisting device 4 and the demisting device 8 to remove fog drops with larger particle sizes, then enters the turbine 6, pushes the turbine impeller to rotate by means of the expansion force in the gas pressure release process, drives the generator to generate power or outputs mechanical energy to coaxially drive the fan motor to do work, and finally enters the heater to be circularly heated in a normal pressure state. The circulating water and air carry out contact heat exchange in the heat exchanger 3, the circulating water after heating flows back to the water tank 13 under the action of pressure, and after processes such as filtration, dosing reaction and the like, the circulating water is pressurized in the circulating water pump 11 and then is pumped to the heat output device 10 to release heat. The cooled circulating water is pressurized by the first pump 9 and then enters the heat exchanger 3 to be sprayed to complete circulation.

After the saturated humid air is boosted by the air pressure adjusting device, the water vapor in the humid air is changed into a superheated state from a saturated state, and the dew point temperature of the humid air is increased along with the increase of the pressure. Because the temperature of the circulating water is far lower than that of the superheated air, after the gas and the liquid are directly contacted, the superheated air is cooled to the saturation temperature of the vapor under the pressure, and the sensible heat of the air is released in the process; the saturated air is further cooled and released heat by the gas-liquid temperature difference, and sensible heat of dry air components and latent heat of vaporization of water vapor are released in the stage.

Due to the increase in the dew point of the humid air, the amount of condensable water condensed to the same temperature is increased as compared to the conventional normal pressure contact condenser. Therefore, the recovery of the water vapor in the humid air can be realized.

The atomized circulating water drops and the small-particle-size condensed water drops can be used as crystal nuclei to adsorb impurity gas molecules and particles in the air, the diffusion effect is further promoted under the pressurization effect, and the adsorption capacity is enhanced. After the temperature is reduced, the air leaves the heat exchanger and enters the turbine, and the fan motor is driven to do work by expandable power generation or output mechanical energy coaxially. The temperature of the air after the pressure release to the normal pressure is further lowered. The circulating water absorbs the sensible heat of air and the vaporization latent heat of water vapor in the contact process, the temperature of the circulating water is increased, and the circulating water is used as an output heat source to supply heat to the outside after leaving the heat exchanger.

The second pump is used for increasing the pressure of circulating water in the pipeline, and a centrifugal pump can be adopted. The pressure provided by the first pump is used for ensuring the working state of the nozzles in the air-water heat exchanger, and the pressure and the flow parameters are determined by the spraying conditions of the nozzles. The pressure provided by the second pump is used for ensuring the flowing heat exchange state of circulating water in the heat output device, and the pressure and flow parameters are determined by the thermodynamic calculation result of the heat output device.

The pressure control device is used for controlling pressure parameters in the air-water heat exchanger and selects a self-supporting pressure regulating valve.

The water tank is positioned below the air-water heat exchanger and the pressure control device, is used for storing circulating water of the system, plays a role in buffering, and can regulate the running temperature of the system through the flow of the circulating water. Circulating water is subjected to gas-liquid heat exchange in the air-water heat exchanger and then flows into a lower water tank under the action of pressure in the tower. As trace impurities, particles and the like in the air are dissolved in the circulating water during the operation of the system, the trace impurities, the particles and the like are enriched in the circulating water after long-term operation, and a water treatment device and a filtering device are required to be arranged in the water tank. The bottom of the water tank is provided with a dosing water replenishing port and a water intake port.

The dosing water replenishing port is arranged at the bottom of the water tank and used for feeding impurity treatment agents in a timed dosing mode. The water intake is also arranged at the bottom of the water tank and is used for extracting the water recovered by the system and discharging the circulating water in the water tank. The filtering device is positioned inside the water tank and used for filtering particulate matters or precipitated substances with larger particle sizes.

The principle of the existing vapor mechanical recompression (MVR) technology or air recompression heat pump (VRC) can be summarized as compressing the secondary vapor generated by the evaporator by a compressor to increase the pressure and temperature thereof, increasing the enthalpy, and then using the secondary vapor as the heat source of the evaporator, so as to fully utilize the latent heat in the secondary vapor, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving. Compared with the two compression type energy upgrading devices, the invention has the following innovation points:

(1) air is used as a heat-carrying working medium, latent heat of vaporization of water vapor in the air is used as a low-temperature heat source, processes such as energy upgrading, moisture recovery and impurity treatment are carried out on an air source heat pump, and the device has the effects of energy conservation and environmental protection.

(2) The dew point temperature of the compressed air is increased, the amount of water separated out from the air is increased, the water in the air can be effectively extracted through the gas-liquid contact type heat exchanger, the investment of condensing equipment can be saved compared with the existing two-form device, and the cost of the system is reduced.

(3) Compared with an indirect heat exchange mode, the contact heat exchange can effectively reduce the end difference of the heat exchanger, effectively improve the outlet temperature of the heat absorbing medium and has more obvious energy upgrading effect.

(4) After heat exchange, air is released to push the impeller to do work, gas expansion force is converted into mechanical energy to drive the generator to generate electricity or output mechanical energy to coaxially drive the fan motor to do work, and finally the air enters the heater to be circularly heated in a normal pressure state, so that the gradient effective utilization of energy is further realized.

In the whole process of the system, the utilization of air heat energy, the recovery of moisture in the air and the capture of impurity components can be realized, and the system has extremely strong engineering practice significance.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fabricated building integrated system comprises a heater and a fabricated building, wherein the heater is communicated with the fabricated building, and air is heated by the heater and then sent into the fabricated building;

the hot air from the heater is divided into two paths, wherein one path of the hot air enters the building, and the other path of the hot air enters the thermodynamic system; the thermodynamic system comprises a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is a direct contact type heat exchanger, air enters the heat exchanger from the middle part of the heat exchanger and leaves the heat exchanger from the top part of the heat exchanger; circulating water enters the heat exchanger from the upper part of the reaction tower and leaves the heat exchanger from the bottom of the heat exchanger, a horizontal baffle plate is arranged in the heat exchanger, the baffle plate extends the whole cross section of a shell of the heat exchanger, the baffle plate is arranged between the spraying device and an air inlet of the heat exchanger, fluid holes are formed in the baffle plate, the air flows upwards through the fluid holes, and meanwhile, the water flows downwards from the lower part; along the lower portion to the upper portion, the spacing between adjacent baffles increases and then begins to decrease continuously at a certain location.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein a location is preferably an intermediate location between the spray device and the heat exchanger air inlet.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the spacing between adjacent baffles increases in magnitude from lower to upper and then begins decreasing in magnitude at a location.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein each bypass inlet is valved to allow individual control of the amount of air circulated by each household.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein a circulating water pump is provided in the conduit between the water tank and the heat output device, and a circulating water pump is provided in the conduit between the heat output device and the heat exchanger.

6. A modular building system includes a heater in communication with a modular building, where air is heated and then delivered to the modular building.