CN114058277A - 一种证卡用激光蚀刻带胶膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种证卡用激光蚀刻带胶膜及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种证卡用激光蚀刻带胶膜及其制备方法，该激光蚀刻带胶膜包括塑料薄膜和塑料薄膜表面涂覆的激光蚀刻粘结层，将分散剂和偶联剂加入到容器中，搅拌后加入激光粉进行表面接枝改性，继续搅拌并缓慢将粘结剂乳液加入其中，充分搅拌后加入流平剂和消泡剂，制得激光蚀刻粘结层；将激光蚀刻粘结层涂覆在塑料薄膜的一侧表面并干燥固化后制得激光蚀刻带胶膜，本发明在塑料薄膜上涂布激光蚀刻粘结层制成证卡用激光蚀刻带胶膜，使该带胶膜具有了不牺牲其保护性能的前提下可以激光蚀刻的功能，且不对现有证卡生产工艺做出改变；使用其制作出的证卡图案清晰度高，色彩多样，不受外界环境影响，完全满足证卡行业对于个性化、时效性和安全性的需求。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于功能性薄膜，具体涉及一种证卡用激光蚀刻带胶膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着社会的发展，人们对所用证卡的图案信息个性化、交卡时效性和使用安全性都提出了更高的要求。能够满足这些要求的有效手段之一就是激光蚀刻技术。激光蚀刻技术就是采用激光照射的能量将材料中的刻蚀成分碳化或部分烧蚀，形成细小碳粒，从而显示出内容来。激光刻蚀技术是利用电脑软件生成所需图案信息，控制激光束的强弱来使材料显现不同的颜色，所以这种技术生产效率高，生产过程灵活。又因为激光蚀刻的图案信息分布在证件的特定结构中，无法使用简单的手段对信息内容进行修改，所以保证了证件信息的唯一性。激光蚀刻技术的这些特点正好能够满足证卡不断提升的需求，所以引起了证卡领域相关企业的高度关注。
目前证卡领域尚无较好实现激光蚀刻的方法。一种方法是在证卡保护膜与印刷图案信息层中间添加一层含有激光吸收剂的薄膜，例如，CN 102196920B的发明专利公开了通过激光雕刻写入的层状结构、安全文件、阻挡方法及用途，该发明采用炭黑作为激光敏感剂，通过激光雕刻实现安全文件的防伪功能。但是该层状结构的激光雕刻加工必须在表面未覆膜的情况下进行，既使证卡生产工艺更加复杂，又增加了证卡的生产成本，而且无法满足证卡的个性化需求。
另一种方法是在证卡表面的塑料薄膜中添加激光敏感剂，例如，CN109504053A的发明专利公开了一种智能卡用聚碳酸酯激光刻蚀膜及其制备方法，该薄膜采用挤出工艺，由下列配方制备得到，聚碳酸酯树脂100份，扩链剂1-1.5份，改性碳纳米管1-3份，光稳定剂1-2份，抗氧剂1-2份。将原料按配比混合均匀，干燥后投入挤出机，熔体经过滤器、熔体泵、模具、三辊压光机冷却定型，制得聚碳酸酯激光刻蚀膜。该发明通过添加改性碳纳米管作为激光敏感剂，实现聚碳酸酯薄膜的激光蚀刻功能。但是该智能卡用聚碳酸酯激光刻蚀膜位于证卡的最表面，激光蚀刻时物质挥发会形成大量孔洞并引起材料表面塌陷，这些存在于证卡表面疏松的孔洞和沟壑会在证卡使用过程中藏污纳垢造成图案模糊甚至被破坏。且聚碳酸酯这种材料价格昂贵，可应用的证卡品种很小，无法实现在制卡领域的广泛推广。
因此，在现有技术的基础上，寻找一种具有高安全性，满足市场个性化需求，适用于证卡生产制造工艺的可激光蚀刻材料是本领域技术人员急需解决的问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种具有高安全性，满足市场个性化需求，适用于证卡生产制造工艺的证卡用激光蚀刻带胶膜及其制备方法。
为达此目的，本发明的目的之一在于提供一种证卡用激光蚀刻带胶膜，所述证卡用激光蚀刻带胶膜包括塑料薄膜和在塑料薄膜一侧表面涂覆的激光蚀刻粘结层。
所述塑料薄膜的作用是保护其内部通过各种方式所呈现的图案信息不受汗渍、油污、摩擦和冲击等的损害。
优选的，所述塑料薄膜为聚氯乙烯(PVC)、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)、聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、对苯二甲酸和乙二醇、1,4-环己烷二甲醇的缩聚共聚物(PETG)或聚苯乙烯(PS)树脂中的任意一种或至少两种的混合物。
优选的，所述塑料薄膜的透光度不小于70％。
所述激光蚀刻粘结层的作用有两个，一个是将塑料薄膜粘合在图案信息表面，另一个是吸收激光束的能量，使激光照射部位的物质碳化或部分烧蚀，显现不同的颜色，从而显示出图案信息。
此激光蚀刻粘结层通过化学改性方法，将粘结剂有机分子接枝到激光粉表面，既保留了粘结剂优异的粘结性能，可以涂敷于所有目前证卡用塑料薄膜表面，又具有了吸收激光而被蚀刻的性能，并且有机分子是被接枝到激光粉表面，所以它们之间的距离远小于现有技术中的物理混合，单位数量激光粉颗粒周围包覆的有机分子密度极高，使得激光能量得到充分利用，蚀刻引发的显色效应也能达到最大，形成的图案更清晰，颜色更浓烈。因为粘结剂中所含有的不同的分子结构、不同的元素对光能的吸收不同，且被照射后所形成的物质和显现的颜色也不同，所以利用这个特点可以使激光蚀刻图案更加丰富多彩，真正满足了个性化需求。又因为激光蚀刻所形成的图案深藏于塑料薄膜的内部，保证了塑料薄膜内部结构的完整性，避免了污染和破坏，所以图案得以长久保持，延长了证卡的使用寿命。
优选地，所述粘结层的原料组分及其组分的重量份数为：去离子水30-50份，分散剂0.01-0.03份，偶联剂0.01-0.03份，激光粉1-5份，粘结剂乳液80-100份，流平剂0.02-0.05份，消泡剂0.01-0.02份。
优选的，所述分散剂为烷基芳基磷酸盐或烷基苯磺酸盐与聚氧乙烯烷基酚基醚的混合物。
优选的，所述偶联剂为KH560或DL602。
优选的，所述激光粉为三氧化二铝，氧化锡，氧化锆，氧化锑中的一种。
优选的，所述粘结剂乳液为水性聚氨酯粘结剂、水性环氧粘结剂或水性聚丙烯酸酯粘结剂中的任意一种或至少两种的混合物。
优选的，所述流平剂为BYK-346，消泡剂为BYK-021.
本发明的目的之二在于提供一种证卡用激光蚀刻带胶膜的制备方法，所述制备方法包括以下步骤：
步骤1、制备激光蚀刻粘结层：将分散剂和偶联剂加入到装有去离子水的容器中，50转/分钟搅拌1分钟，然后将容器升温至60-65℃加入激光粉，提高转速至800转/分钟搅拌40-60分钟，然后降低转速至120转/分钟并将容器升温至80-85℃，缓慢加入粘结剂乳液，持续搅拌3-4小时后降温至室温，加入流平剂和消泡剂，再搅拌10分钟制得激光蚀刻粘结层；
步骤2、制备激光蚀刻带胶膜：将激光蚀刻粘结层涂覆在塑料薄膜的一侧表面并干燥固化后制得激光蚀刻带胶膜。
本发明的优点和积极效果是：
本发明在塑料薄膜上涂布激光蚀刻粘结层制成证卡用激光蚀刻带胶膜，使该带胶膜具有了不牺牲其保护性能的前提下可以激光蚀刻的功能，且不对现有证卡生产工艺做出改变。使用其制作出的证卡图案清晰度高，色彩多样，不受外界环境影响，完全满足证卡行业对于个性化、时效性和安全性的需求。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例进一步解释本发明，但实施例并不对本发明做任何形式的限定。
实施例一
步骤1、制备激光蚀刻粘结层：将分散剂0.008份十二烷基芳基磷酸钠、0.002份聚氧乙烯壬基酚醚和偶联剂0.01份KH560加入到装有30份去离子水的容器中，50转/分钟搅拌1分钟，然后将容器升温至60℃加入激光粉1份三氧化二铝，提高转速至800转/分钟搅拌40分钟，然后降低转速至120转/分钟并将容器升温至80℃，缓慢加入粘结剂80份水性聚氨酯乳液，持续搅拌3小时后降温至室温，加入流平剂0.02份BYK-346和消泡剂0.01份BYK-021，再搅拌10分钟制得激光蚀刻粘结层；
步骤2、制备激光蚀刻带胶膜：将步骤1所得激光蚀刻粘结层涂覆在透光度为86％的PVC塑料薄膜的一侧表面并干燥固化后制得激光蚀刻带胶膜1。
实施例二
步骤1、制备激光蚀刻粘结层：将分散剂0.025份十二烷基苯磺酸钙、0.005份聚氧乙烯辛基酚醚和偶联剂0.03份DL602加入到装有50份去离子水的容器中，50转/分钟搅拌1分钟，然后将容器升温至65℃加入激光粉5份氧化锡，提高转速至800转/分钟搅拌60分钟，然后降低转速至120转/分钟并将容器升温至85℃，缓慢加入粘结剂100份水性丙烯酸乳液，持续搅拌4小时后降温至室温，加入流平剂0.05份BYK-346和消泡剂0.02份BYK-021，再搅拌10分钟制得激光蚀刻粘结层；
步骤2、制备激光蚀刻带胶膜：将步骤1所得激光蚀刻粘结层涂覆在透光度为98.5％的PET塑料薄膜的一侧表面并干燥固化后制得激光蚀刻带胶膜2。
实施例三
步骤1、制备激光蚀刻粘结层：将分散剂0.015份十五烷基苯磺酸钾、0.007份聚氧乙烯癸基酚醚和偶联剂0.023份DL602加入到装有34份去离子水的容器中，50转/分钟搅拌1分钟，然后将容器升温至62℃加入激光粉3.5份氧化锆，提高转速至800转/分钟搅拌50分钟，然后降低转速至120转/分钟并将容器升温至83℃，缓慢加入粘结剂70份水性聚氨酯乳液、25份水性环氧乳液，持续搅拌3.5小时后降温至室温，加入流平剂0.04份BYK-346和消泡剂0.015份BYK-021，再搅拌10分钟制得激光蚀刻粘结层；
步骤2、制备激光蚀刻带胶膜：将步骤1所得激光蚀刻粘结层涂覆在透光度为70％的ABS改性PVC塑料薄膜的一侧表面并干燥固化后制得激光蚀刻带胶膜3。
将上述实施例得到的激光蚀刻带胶膜1-3涂覆有激光蚀刻粘结层的一面与印刷料、Inlay等其它证卡组件层压贴合制得测试卡1-3。
使用电子拉力机(新三思C21-102)测试上述得到的测试卡1-3，测试标准ISO7816、IEC14443要求带胶膜粘结力≥4.5N/cm，具体测试方法为：用取样器将测试样切割成10mm宽的长条，以300mm/分钟的匀速将塑料薄膜从卡体进行90°的剥离，测试激光蚀刻粘结层对相邻两个层面间的粘结力，将结果列于表1
表1测试卡内部粘接力测试
| 测试卡 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 粘结力 | 8.5 | 6.8 | 8.5 |
| 测试结果 | 优秀 | 优秀 | 优秀 |
从表1中可以看出，在塑料薄膜上涂布激光蚀刻粘结层制成证卡用激光蚀刻带胶膜，该激光蚀刻粘结层通过化学改性方法将粘结剂有机分子接枝到激光粉表面后，仍然保持了粘结剂对各种制卡材料的优异粘结性，完全满足证卡行业标准，上述激光蚀刻带胶膜可以直接替换目前证卡生产工艺中的带胶膜。
使用激光蚀刻机(爱迪达LP-20)在测试卡1-3上刻蚀800万像素三色标准测试图，蚀刻面积大于70％，然后用图像检测仪(爱色丽X-Rite iCPlate2)测试成像效果，将结果列于表2
表2测试卡激光蚀刻图像质量测试
| 测试卡 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 定位线偏差(mm) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 蚀刻边缘锋值 | ＜0.1mm | ＜0.1mm | ＜0.1mm |
| 原版保持度 | 97.1％ | 98.6％ | 95.2％ |
| 综合评定 | 优秀 | 优秀 | 优秀 |
从表2中可以看出，在塑料薄膜上涂布激光蚀刻粘结层制成证卡用激光蚀刻带胶膜，该激光蚀刻粘结层通过化学改性方法将激光粉表面接枝有机分子，可以更高效的将激光粉吸收的能量传导给有机分子，引发包覆于其表面的有机分子产生一系列显色化学变化，最终呈现出的图案信息满足证卡的需求。
综上所述，本发明在塑料薄膜上涂布激光蚀刻粘结层制成证卡用激光蚀刻带胶膜，使该带胶膜具有了不牺牲其保护性能的前提下可以激光蚀刻的功能，且不对现有证卡生产工艺做出改变。使用其制作出的证卡图案清晰度高，色彩多样，不受外界环境影响，完全满足证卡行业对于个性化、时效性和安全性的需求。
申请人声明，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，所属技术领域的技术人员应该明了，任何属于本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，均落在本发明的保护范围和公开范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种证卡用激光蚀刻带胶膜，其特征在于：所述证卡用激光蚀刻带胶膜包括塑料薄膜和在塑料薄膜一侧表面涂覆的激光蚀刻粘结层；
所述塑料薄膜为聚氯乙烯(PVC)、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)、聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、对苯二甲酸和乙二醇、1,4-环己烷二甲醇的缩聚共聚物(PETG)或聚苯乙烯(PS)树脂中的任意一种或至少两种的混合物；所述粘结层的原料组分及其组分的重量份数为：去离子水30-50份，分散剂0.01-0.03份，偶联剂0.01-0.03份，激光粉1-5份，粘结剂乳液80-100份，流平剂0.02-0.05份，消泡剂0.01-0.02份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种证卡用激光蚀刻带胶膜，其特征在于：所述分散剂为烷基芳基磷酸盐或烷基苯磺酸盐与聚氧乙烯烷基酚基醚的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种证卡用激光蚀刻带胶膜，其特征在于：所述偶联剂为KH560或DL602。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种证卡用激光蚀刻带胶膜，其特征在于：所述激光粉为三氧化二铝，氧化锡，氧化锆，氧化锑中的任意一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种证卡用激光蚀刻带胶膜，其特征在于：所述粘结剂乳液为水性聚氨酯粘结剂、水性环氧粘结剂或水性聚丙烯酸酯粘结剂中的任意一种或至少两种的混合物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种证卡用激光蚀刻带胶膜，其特征在于：所述流平剂为BYK-346，消泡剂为BYK-021。
7.一种证卡用激光蚀刻带胶膜的制备方法，其特征在于：所述制备方法具体包括以下步骤：
步骤1、制备激光蚀刻粘结层：将分散剂和偶联剂加入到装有去离子水的容器中，50转/分钟搅拌1分钟，然后将容器升温至60-65℃加入激光粉，提高转速至800转/分钟搅拌40-60分钟，然后降低转速至120转/分钟并将容器升温至80-85℃，缓慢加入粘结剂乳液，持续搅拌3-4小时后降温至室温，加入流平剂和消泡剂，再搅拌10分钟制得激光蚀刻粘结层；
步骤2、制备激光蚀刻带胶膜：将激光蚀刻粘结层涂覆在塑料薄膜的一侧表面并干燥固化后制得激光蚀刻带胶膜。
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