CN114050734A - Piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic composite vibration generator - Google Patents
Piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic composite vibration generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN114050734A CN114050734A CN202111416582.8A CN202111416582A CN114050734A CN 114050734 A CN114050734 A CN 114050734A CN 202111416582 A CN202111416582 A CN 202111416582A CN 114050734 A CN114050734 A CN 114050734A
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 30
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
- G01S1/02—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using radio waves
- G01S1/08—Systems for determining direction or position line
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K35/00—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit
- H02K35/02—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit with moving magnets and stationary coil systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
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Abstract
The invention relates to a piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic composite vibration generator, belonging to the field of new energy; the inner cavity of the shell is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity by a partition plate; the flat base vibrator consists of an inner spoke piece and an inner piezoelectric piece, the curved base vibrator consists of an outer spoke piece and an outer piezoelectric piece, the bracket consists of a supporting plate and a composite sheet, and the composite sheet consists of an electrode plate and a friction plate; the upper side and the lower side of a ball head of the exciter are respectively provided with a top plane and a pin rod with a seat plate; the end parts of the upper cavity wall and the lower cavity wall are respectively provided with a cover plate and a seat plate with a coil; the cover plate enables the outer ring pieces to be in compression joint with the boss on the upper cavity wall, the adjacent outer ring pieces are separated through the gasket, the free ends of the upper and lower adjacent inner spoke pieces are separated through the cushion blocks, and the cushion blocks are connected with one inner spoke piece; the ball head is arranged in the ball pin hole of the partition plate, and the top plane abuts against the free end of the bottommost flat-base vibrator; the inner ring plate and the inner ring plate are arranged on the seat plate of the pin rod, the outer spoke plate is opposite to the friction plate, and the flanging at the end part of the outer spoke plate is propped against the partition plate; the pin rod is connected with the lower cavity wall through a group of springs, and the free end of the pin rod is provided with an inertia block with a magnet.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy, and particularly relates to a piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic combined vibration generator which is used for supplying power to a ship positioning and tracking system and can also be used for collecting vibration energy with multidirectional vibration characteristics such as simple sea waves, vehicle-mounted vibration and the like.
Background
The development and application of the civil ship positioning and tracking system gradually get more and more extensive attention, and the popularization and application of the civil ship positioning and tracking system can provide powerful guarantee for navigation safety, timely rescue, searching after loss of connection and the like of ships. However, the developed marine positioning and tracking systems are all based on power supply of the engine, and once the engine and the whole power system are out of work due to an accident of the ship, the positioning and tracking systems also lose the expected functions. In addition, the existing positioning and tracking systems for ships are externally arranged, and the ships cannot normally work when the ships crash and enter water or cannot work when the ships are hijacked by lawbreakers and the positioning and tracking systems are closed. Therefore, in order to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the civil ship positioning system, an independent self-powered power supply is needed and needs to be secretly and hermetically installed in the ship body, and the ship or the positioning and tracking system can normally operate as long as the ship or the positioning and tracking system is arranged on the generator in the rivers, lakes and seas and the positioning and tracking system.
Disclosure of Invention
A piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic composite vibration generator mainly comprises a shell, a seat plate, a cover plate, an exciter, a flat base vibrator, a curved base vibrator, a bracket, a coil, a magnet, an inertia block and a spring.
The inner cavity of the shell is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity by a partition plate with a ball pin hole, and the side walls of the upper cavity and the lower cavity are respectively called an upper cavity wall and a lower cavity wall; the partition board is of an integral or split structure, the split structure is characterized in that an auxiliary board is arranged above or below the partition board, and the partition board and the auxiliary board are assembled to form a ball pin hole.
The flat substrate consists of an outer ring piece and inner spoke pieces, the inner spoke pieces are uniformly distributed on the inner circumference of the outer ring piece, and the inner spoke pieces are in a fan shape; the flat base vibrator is formed by bonding an inner spoke piece and an inner piezoelectric piece of a flat substrate; and a gasket is arranged on one side of the outer ring piece, a cushion block is arranged on one side of the free end of the inner spoke piece, the outer ring piece is bonded with the gasket, and the cushion block is riveted or bonded with the inner spoke piece on one side of the cushion block.
The curved substrate is composed of an inner ring plate and outer radial plates uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the inner ring plate, the outer radial plates are inclined sector plates, the free ends of the outer radial plates are provided with flanges, the outer radial plates and the flanges incline towards one side of the inner ring plate, and the outer radial plates and the flanges incline towards the upper part of the inner ring plate; the curved base vibrator is formed by bonding an outer spoke piece of a curved substrate with an outer piezoelectric piece, and the outer piezoelectric piece is bonded above the outer spoke piece, namely the outer piezoelectric piece is bonded on the outer spoke piece and is positioned at one side pointed by the flanging; the material of the curved substrate is metal.
The bracket is composed of a supporting plate and a composite sheet adhered to the upper surface of the supporting plate, the supporting plate is composed of an inner ring plate and an outer ring plate, the outer ring plate inclines towards the upper part of the inner ring plate, and the upper surface of the outer ring plate is an arc surface; the composite sheet is formed by bonding electrode plates and friction plates, the electrode plates are of a fan-shaped structure, the friction plates are of an integral annular structure, and the central angles and the number of the electrode plates are respectively equal to those of the outer piezoelectric plates; electrode plates of the composite sheet are uniformly adhered to the convex spherical surface of the outer ring plate; the electrode plate is made of metal, and the friction plate is made of non-metal materials such as nylon or polytetrafluoroethylene.
One side of the ball head of the exciter is provided with a top plane, the other side of the ball head is provided with a pin rod with a seat plate, and the top plane and the plate surface of the seat plate are vertical to the axis of the pin rod.
The cover plate and the seat plate are respectively installed at the end parts of the upper cavity wall and the lower cavity wall through screws, the circuit board is installed on the cover plate through screws, coils are embedded in the center of the seat plate, the coils are closely arranged, and the upper surface of each coil forms a concave spherical surface.
The cover plate enables the outer ring pieces of the planar base vibrators to be in compression joint with the bosses on the upper cavity wall, the outer ring pieces of the upper and lower adjacent planar base vibrators are separated through the gaskets, the free ends of the inner spoke pieces are separated through the cushion blocks, and the inner spoke pieces are located below the inner piezoelectric pieces.
The ball head of the exciter is arranged in a ball pin hole on a partition plate of the shell, and the top plane and the pin rod are respectively positioned in the upper cavity and the lower cavity; the top plane of the exciter is abutted against the inner spoke piece or the cushion block at the free end of the lowest plane-base vibrator; the flat base vibrator is in a flat natural state after being installed, when the exciter swings, the flat base vibrator is bent and deformed only in the direction of enabling the inner piezoelectric sheet to bear the compressive stress, and the flat base vibrator forms a piezoelectric power generation unit I.
The bracket and the curved base vibrator are arranged on a seat plate of the exciter from bottom to top, and an inner ring plate of the bracket and an inner ring plate of the curved base piece are sleeved on the pin rod and are fixed on the seat plate through screws; the curved substrate and the friction plate of the bracket are installed close to each other, a small gap is left between the outer spoke plate and the corresponding root of the friction plate in a contact manner, the flanging abuts against the partition plate of the shell, and the curved substrate vibrator does not bend and deform after installation; the crank base vibrator forms a piezoelectric power generation unit II, the outer radial sheet and the composite sheet form a friction power generation unit, and the outer radial sheet and the electrode sheet are two electrodes of the friction power generation unit.
The pin rod is connected with the lower cavity wall through a group of springs, the springs are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the pin rod, one end of each spring is fixed on a pin sleeve on the pin rod, the other end of each spring is fixed on the lower cavity wall, the springs are perpendicular to the pin rod, the pin rod is positioned in a vertical plane when the springs are not in operation, and the distance between the springs and the center of the ball head is adjustable; the free end of the pin rod is provided with an inertia block, the lower surface of the inertia block is a convex spherical surface, magnets are embedded on the lower surface of the inertia block, the magnets are uniformly distributed along the lower surface of the inertia block, the nearest distance between any two adjacent magnets is the diameter of the magnet, and the diameters of the magnets and the coil are equal; the magnet and the coil form an electromagnetic generating unit.
The multidirectional swinging generator comprises piezoelectric generating units I and II, a friction generating unit and all or part of an electromagnetic generating unit, wherein the inherent frequency of the generator is determined by the number, structural parameters, spatial positions and the like of a flat base vibrator, a curved base vibrator, a spring and an inertia block; to obtain a large enough swinging inertia force, the mass of the inertia mass and the mounted magnet needs to be large enough and much larger than the sum of the masses of other devices.
In the invention, the generator structureAnd after the parameters are determined, the natural frequency of the system can be adjusted through the distance from the spring to the center of the ball head, and the natural frequency of the exciter swinging along a certain horizontal direction is
In the formula: zeta is damping ratio, x and y are horizontal distance from free ends of the flat base vibrator and the curved base vibrator to the center of the ball head respectively, z is vertical distance from a fixed end of the spring to the center of the ball head, z is vertical distance from a mass center of the inertia block and the installed magnet to the center of the ball head, k1 and k2 are equivalent bending stiffness of the flat base vibrator and the curved base vibrator respectively, k3 is equivalent stiffness of each spring in the swinging direction of the exciter, k3 is projection of the stiffness of the spring in the stretching direction in the swinging direction when the swinging angle of the exciter is small, m is mass of the inertia block and the installed magnet, L is vertical distance from the mass center of the inertia block and the installed magnet to the center of the ball head, and lambda is correction coefficient.
When the ship bumps or swings, the exciter swings back and forth under the action of the inertia force of the inertia block, mechanical energy is converted into electric energy through the piezoelectric power generation unit I, the piezoelectric power generation unit II, the friction power generation unit and the electromagnetic power generation unit, the generated electric energy is rectified and then is respectively transmitted to the circuit board, and the electric energy is further converted and stored or output.
When the exciter swings, the top plane above the ball head pushes the flat base vibrator and enables the flat base vibrator to bend and deform, the flat base vibrator resets under the action of the elastic force of the flat base vibrator when the exciter resets, and the piezoelectric power generation unit I generates power.
When the exciter swings, the pin rod drives the bracket and the crank oscillator to swing, and the free end of the crank oscillator abuts against a partition plate of the shell and generates bending deformation; meanwhile, the outer spoke piece of the curved base vibrator is also abutted against the friction piece of the bracket; when the exciter resets, the curved base vibrator resets under the action of the elastic force of the vibrator, and the outer spoke piece is separated from the friction plate; the piezoelectric power generation unit II generates power when the crank vibrator is bent and deformed in a reciprocating mode, and the friction power generation unit generates power when the outer spoke piece and the friction piece are alternately contacted and separated.
When the exciter swings, the inertia block drives the magnet to reciprocate above the coil, the coil cuts magnetic lines of force, and the electromagnetic power generation unit generates power.
In the invention, when the exciter swings and the free end of the curved base vibrator is abutted against the partition plate through the bracket, the outer spoke piece of the curved base vibrator is completely abutted against the friction piece, the tensile stress of each point in the length direction of the outer piezoelectric piece is equal and smaller than the allowable tensile stress of the outer piezoelectric piece, each point in the length direction of the inner piezoelectric piece bears unequal compressive stress, and the maximum compressive stress is smaller than the allowable compressive stress of the inner piezoelectric piece.
Advantages and features: piezoelectric power generation, electromagnetic power generation and friction power generation are organically combined, the structure and the excitation process are simple, the energy density per unit volume is high, and the power generation and supply capacity is high; the energy of the ship swinging in any direction can be collected, the natural frequency of the system is easy to adjust through structural parameters, and the deformation of the vibrator of the piezoelectric power generation unit is controllable, so that the environmental adaptability is high, the reliability is high, and the effective frequency band is wide.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a generator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a planar base oscillator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the meander element in a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a bracket according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a top view of FIG. 7;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of an actuator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
A piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic composite vibration generator mainly comprises a shell a, a base plate b, a cover plate c, an exciter f, a flat base vibrator i, a curved base vibrator j, a bracket h, a coil s, a magnet n, an inertia block m and a spring k.
The inner cavity of the machine shell a is divided into an upper cavity a3 and a lower cavity a5 by a partition plate a1 with a ball pin hole a7, and the side walls of the upper cavity a3 and the lower cavity a5 are respectively called as an upper cavity wall a2 and a lower cavity wall a 4; the partition plate a1 is of an integral or separate structure, the separate structure is that an auxiliary plate a6 is arranged above or below the partition plate a1, and the partition plate a1 and the auxiliary plate a6 form a ball pin hole a7 after being assembled together.
The flat substrate i1 is composed of an outer ring piece i11 and inner spoke pieces i12, the inner spoke pieces i12 are evenly distributed on the inner circumference of the outer ring piece i11, and the inner spoke pieces i12 are in a fan shape; the flat base vibrator i is formed by bonding an inner spoke piece i12 of a flat substrate i1 and an inner piezoelectric piece i 2; the gasket d is arranged on one side of the outer ring piece i11, the cushion block e is arranged on one side of the free end of the inner spoke piece i12, the outer ring piece i11 is bonded with the gasket d, and the cushion block e is riveted or bonded with the inner spoke piece i12 on one side of the cushion block e.
The curved substrate j1 is composed of an inner ring plate j11 and an outer spoke plate j12 uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the inner ring plate j11, the outer spoke plate j12 is an inclined fan-shaped plate, the free end of the outer spoke plate j12 is provided with a flange j13, the outer spoke plate j12 and the flange j13 incline to one side of the inner ring plate j11, and the outer spoke plate j12 and the flange j13 incline to the upper side of the inner ring plate j 11; the curved base vibrator j is formed by bonding an outer spoke j12 of a curved base piece j1 with an outer piezoelectric piece j2, wherein the outer piezoelectric piece j2 is bonded above the outer spoke j12, namely the outer piezoelectric piece j2 is bonded on the outer spoke j12 and is positioned on the side pointed by a turned edge j 13; the material of the curved substrate j1 is metal.
The bracket h is composed of a supporting plate h1 and a composite sheet h2 adhered to the upper surface of the supporting plate h1, the supporting plate h1 is composed of an inner ring plate h11 and an outer ring plate h12, the outer ring plate h12 inclines above the inner ring plate h11, and the upper surface of the outer ring plate h12 is an arc surface; the composite sheet h2 is formed by bonding an electrode sheet h21 and a friction sheet h22, the electrode sheet h21 is of a fan-shaped structure, the friction sheet h22 is of an integral annular structure, and the central angles and the number of the electrode sheet h21 and the outer pressure sheet j2 are respectively equal; the electrode plates h21 of the composite sheet h2 are uniformly adhered to the convex spherical surface of the outer ring plate h 12; the electrode plate h21 is made of metal, and the friction plate h22 is made of non-metal materials such as nylon or polytetrafluoroethylene.
A top plane f4 is arranged on one side of a ball head f1 of the exciter f, a pin rod f2 with a seat plate f3 is arranged on the other side of the ball head f1 of the exciter f, and the plate surfaces of the top plane f4 and the seat plate f3 are perpendicular to the axis of the pin rod f 2.
The cover plate c and the seat plate b are respectively installed at the end parts of the upper cavity wall a2 and the lower cavity wall a4 through screws, the circuit board p is installed on the cover plate c through screws, coils s are embedded in the center of the seat plate b, and the coils s are closely arranged and the upper surfaces of the coils form a concave spherical surface.
The cover plate c enables the outer ring pieces i11 of the planar base vibrator i to be in pressure joint with the boss of the upper cavity wall a2, the outer ring pieces i11 of the vertically adjacent planar base vibrator i are separated through a gasket d, the free ends of the inner spoke pieces i12 are separated through a cushion block e, and the inner spoke pieces i12 are located below the inner piezoelectric pieces i 2.
The ball head f1 of the exciter f is placed in a ball pin hole a7 on a partition plate a1 of the machine shell a, and the top plane f4 and the pin rod f2 are respectively positioned in an upper cavity a3 and a lower cavity a 5; the top plane f4 of the exciter f is abutted against the inner spoke i12 or the cushion block e at the free end of the bottommost plane base vibrator i; the flat base vibrator I is in a flat natural state after being installed, when the exciter f swings, the flat base vibrator I only bends and deforms in a direction of enabling the inner piezoelectric sheet I2 to bear the pressure stress, and the flat base vibrator I forms the piezoelectric power generation unit I.
A bracket h and a curved base vibrator j are arranged on a seat plate f3 of an exciter f from bottom to top, an inner ring plate h11 of the bracket h and an inner ring piece j11 of a curved base plate j1 are sleeved on a pin rod f2 and are fixed on the seat plate f3 through screws; the curved substrate j1 is installed close to the friction plate h22 of the bracket h, a small gap is left between the outer spoke piece j12 and the root part of the friction plate h22, the turned edge j13 abuts against the partition plate a1 of the machine shell a, and the curved base vibrator j does not bend and deform after installation; the zigzag vibrator j forms a piezoelectric power generation unit II, the outer spoke j12 and the composite sheet h2 form a friction power generation unit, and the outer spoke j12 and the electrode sheet h21 are two electrodes of the friction power generation unit.
The pin rods f2 are connected with the lower cavity wall a4 through a group of springs k, the springs k are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the pin rods f2, one end of each spring k is fixed on a pin sleeve q on the pin rod f2, the other end of each spring k is fixed on the lower cavity wall a4, the springs k are perpendicular to the pin rods f2, the pin rods f2 are located in the vertical plane when the device does not work, and the distance between the spring k and the center of the ball head f1 is adjustable; an inertia block m is mounted at the free end of the pin rod f2, the lower surface of the inertia block m is a convex spherical surface, magnets n are embedded on the lower surface of the inertia block m, the magnets n are uniformly distributed along the lower surface of the inertia block m, the nearest distance between any two adjacent magnets n is the diameter of the magnet n, and the diameter of the magnet n is equal to that of the coil s; the magnet n and the coil s constitute an electromagnetic power generation unit.
The multidirectional swinging generator comprises piezoelectric generating units I and II, a friction generating unit and all or part of an electromagnetic generating unit, wherein the inherent frequency of the generator is determined by the number, structural parameters, spatial positions and the like of a flat base vibrator I, a curved base vibrator j, a spring k and an inertia block m; to obtain a large enough swinging inertia force, the mass of the inertia mass m and the mounted magnet n needs to be large enough and much larger than the sum of the masses of other devices.
In the invention, after the structure and parameters of the generator are determined, the natural frequency of the system can be adjusted through the distance from the spring k to the center of the ball head f1, and the natural frequency of the exciter swinging along a certain horizontal direction is
In the formula: zeta is damping ratio, x and y are horizontal distances from free ends of the flat base vibrator i and the curved base vibrator j to the center of a ball head f1 respectively, z is a vertical distance from a fixed end of a spring k to the center of a ball head f1, z is a vertical distance from a mass center of an inertia block m and a mounted magnet n to the center of a ball head f1, k1 and k2 are equivalent bending rigidities of the flat base vibrator i and the curved base vibrator j respectively, k3 is equivalent rigidity of each spring k in the swinging direction of an exciter f, k3 is a projection of the rigidity of the spring in the stretching direction in the swinging direction when the swinging angle of the exciter f is small, m is the mass of the inertia block m and the mounted magnet n, L is a vertical distance from the mass center of the inertia block m and the mounted magnet n to the center of the ball head f1, and lambda is a correction coefficient.
When the ship bumps or swings, the exciter f swings back and forth under the action of the inertia force of the inertia block m, mechanical energy is converted into electric energy through the piezoelectric power generation unit I, the piezoelectric power generation unit II, the friction power generation unit and the electromagnetic power generation unit, the generated electric energy is rectified and then is respectively transmitted to the circuit board p, and the electric energy is further converted and stored or output.
When the exciter f swings, the top plane f4 above the ball head f1 pushes the flat base vibrator I and bends and deforms the flat base vibrator I, the flat base vibrator I resets under the action of the elastic force of the flat base vibrator I when the exciter f resets, and the piezoelectric power generation unit I generates power.
When the exciter f swings, the pin rod f2 drives the bracket h and the crank vibrator j to swing, and the free end of the crank vibrator j abuts against the partition plate a1 of the machine shell a and generates bending deformation; meanwhile, an outer spoke piece j12 of the crank vibrator j abuts against a friction piece h22 of the bracket h; when the exciter f resets, the crank vibrator j resets under the action of the elastic force of the crank vibrator j, and the outer spoke piece j12 is separated from the friction plate h 22; when the zigzag vibrator j is bent and deformed in a reciprocating mode, the piezoelectric power generation unit II generates power, and when the outer spoke piece j12 and the friction piece h22 are alternately contacted and separated, the friction power generation unit generates power.
When the exciter f swings, the inertia block m drives the magnet n to reciprocate above the coil s, the coil s cuts magnetic lines of force, and the electromagnetic power generation unit generates power.
In the invention, when the exciter f swings and the free end of the crank vibrator j is abutted against the partition plate a1 through the bracket h, the outer spoke piece j12 of the crank vibrator j is completely abutted against the friction plate h22, the tensile stress of each point in the length direction of the outer piezoelectric piece j2 is equal and smaller than the allowable tensile stress, each point in the length direction of the inner piezoelectric piece i2 bears unequal compressive stress, and the maximum compressive stress is smaller than the allowable compressive stress.
Claims (4)
1. A piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic compound vibration generator, characterized by: the inner cavity of the shell is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity by a partition plate; the flat base vibrator consists of an inner spoke piece and an inner piezoelectric piece, and the inner spoke piece is uniformly distributed along the inner circumference of the outer ring piece; the curved base vibrator consists of an outer spoke piece and an outer piezoelectric piece, wherein the outer spoke piece is uniformly distributed along the outer circumference of the inner ring piece and inclines towards the upper part of the inner ring piece; the bracket is composed of a supporting plate and a composite sheet, and an outer ring plate of the supporting plate inclines towards the upper part of an inner ring plate; the composite sheet consists of an electrode plate and a friction plate; the upper side and the lower side of a ball head of the exciter are respectively provided with a top plane and a pin rod with a seat plate; the end parts of the upper cavity wall and the lower cavity wall are respectively provided with a cover plate and a seat plate, and a coil is embedded on the seat plate; the cover plate enables the outer ring pieces to be in compression joint with the boss on the upper cavity wall, the adjacent outer ring pieces are separated through the gasket, the free ends of the upper and lower adjacent inner spoke pieces are separated through the cushion blocks, and the cushion blocks are connected with one inner spoke piece; the ball head is arranged in a ball pin hole on the partition plate, and the top plane abuts against the free end of the bottommost flat-base vibrator; the inner ring plate and the inner ring plate are arranged on the seat plate of the pin rod, a small gap is reserved between the outer spoke plate and the corresponding root part of the friction plate in a contact manner, and the flanging at the end part of the outer spoke plate abuts against the partition plate; the pin rod is connected with the lower cavity wall through a group of springs, and the free end of the pin rod is provided with an inertia block with a magnet.
2. A piezo-electric-friction-electromagnetic composite vibration generator as defined in claim 1, wherein: the distance between the spring and the ball head is adjustable, and the natural frequency of the system is adjusted through the distance from the spring to the center of the ball head.
3. A piezo-electric-friction-electromagnetic composite vibration generator as defined in claim 1, wherein: the lower surface of the inertia block is a convex spherical surface, the magnets embedded on the inertia block are uniformly distributed along the lower surface of the inertia block, the nearest distance between adjacent magnets is the diameter of the magnets, the diameters of the magnets and the coils are equal, and the surface of each coil on the base forms a concave spherical surface.
4. A piezo-electric-friction-electromagnetic composite vibration generator as defined in claim 1, wherein: the friction plate is of an integral annular structure, the electrode plates and the outer piezoelectric plate are of fan-shaped structures, the central angles and the number of the electrode plates are respectively equal, and the electrode plates are uniformly distributed on the convex spherical surface of the outer annular plate.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111416582.8A CN114050734B (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | Piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic composite vibration generator |
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| CN202111416582.8A CN114050734B (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | Piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic composite vibration generator |
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| CN114050734A true CN114050734A (en) | 2022-02-15 |
| CN114050734B CN114050734B (en) | 2023-06-02 |
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Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN113556059A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-10-26 | 上海大学 | Energy collector combining piezoelectric and friction nano power generation based on vortex-induced vibration |
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