CN113992057B - Contact-separation type friction generator capable of vibrating in multiple directions - Google Patents
Contact-separation type friction generator capable of vibrating in multiple directions Download PDFInfo
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- CN113992057B CN113992057B CN202111416737.8A CN202111416737A CN113992057B CN 113992057 B CN113992057 B CN 113992057B CN 202111416737 A CN202111416737 A CN 202111416737A CN 113992057 B CN113992057 B CN 113992057B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/08—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for recovering energy derived from swinging, rolling, pitching or like movements, e.g. from the vibrations of a machine
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- Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a contact-separation type friction generator with multidirectional vibration, belonging to the field of new energy sources; the shell partition board with the ball cavity divides the shell cavity into an upper cavity and a lower cavity; the two sides of the ball head of the exciter are respectively provided with a ball plane and a swing rod; the upper disc spring and the lower disc spring are both composed of an inner ring piece and an inclined outer ring piece; the upper cover and the base are respectively arranged at the end parts of the upper cavity wall and the lower cavity wall, and the ball head is arranged in the ball cavity; the lower surfaces of the swing rod and the shell partition plate are provided with lower disc springs, and the swing rod is provided with an inertia block; the upper disc and the lower disc are arranged in the upper cavity, the lower disc guide pillar is sleeved in the upper cover guide hole and is in compression joint with a spring, and the upper disc guide hole is sleeved on the upper cover guide sleeve; an upper disc spring is arranged between the upper disc and the upper cover, the lower surface of the upper disc is propped against the cavity wall annular table of the upper cavity wall, and the lower surface of the lower disc is propped against the sphere plane; composite sheets consisting of electrode plates and friction plates are adhered to the upper side of the shell partition plate, the two sides of the lower disc and the lower side of the upper disc; the composite sheet of the shell partition plate and the lower surface of the lower disc forms a lower friction pair, and the composite sheet on the upper surface of the lower disc and the lower surface of the upper disc forms an upper friction pair.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy, and particularly relates to a multidirectional vibration contact-separation type friction generator which is used for supplying power to a ship positioning and tracking system.
Background
The development and application of civil ship positioning and tracking systems are gradually getting increasingly wide attention, and popularization and application of the civil ship positioning and tracking systems provide powerful guarantee for navigation safety, timely rescue, search after disconnection and the like of ships. However, the developed marine positioning and tracking systems are all based on engine power supply, and once the accident of the ship causes the engine and the whole power system to fail, the positioning and tracking system also loses the expected function. In addition, the existing marine positioning and tracking systems are all external, and cannot work normally when a ship is lost and enters water, or cannot work when the ship is hijacked by an illegal molecule and the positioning and tracking system is closed. Therefore, in order to ensure safe and reliable operation of the civil ship positioning system, an independent self-powered power supply is needed, the civil ship positioning system is required to be installed in a ship body in a concealed and airtight manner, and the ship or the positioning and tracking system can normally operate as long as the ship or the positioning and tracking system is arranged in a river, a lake or a sea.
Disclosure of Invention
A contact-separation friction generator with multidirectional vibration mainly comprises a shell, a base, an upper cover, a lower disc, an upper disc, an exciter, a spring, an upper disc spring, a lower disc spring, an inertia block, a composite sheet and a circuit board.
The shell partition board with the ball cavity divides the shell inner cavity into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the side walls of the upper cavity and the lower cavity are respectively called an upper cavity wall and a lower cavity wall, and a cavity wall annular table is arranged on the inner side of the upper cavity wall; the shell partition plate is of an integral or split structure, wherein the split structure is that an auxiliary plate is arranged above or below the shell partition plate, and the shell partition plate and the auxiliary plate form a ball cavity after being assembled together.
An upper cover guide sleeve with an upper cover guide hole is arranged on the cover plate of the upper cover, the upper cover guide hole and the upper cover guide sleeve are vertical to the cover plate, and the upper cover guide hole is a blind hole.
A lower disc guide post is arranged on the lower disc body of the lower disc, and the lower disc guide post is vertical to the lower disc body.
An upper disc guide sleeve with an upper disc guide hole is arranged on the upper disc body of the upper disc, and the upper disc guide hole and the upper disc guide sleeve are perpendicular to the upper disc body.
One side of the ball head of the exciter is provided with a ball plane, the other side of the ball head of the exciter is provided with a swing rod with a seat plate, and the surfaces of the ball plane and the seat plate are perpendicular to the axis of the swing rod.
The upper disc spring consists of an inner ring piece and an outer ring piece inclined with the inner ring piece, cantilever beams are uniformly distributed on the outer edge of the outer ring piece, and the outer ring piece is inclined to the upper part of the inner ring piece; the lower disc spring consists of an inner ring piece and an outer ring piece inclined with the inner ring piece, cantilever beams are uniformly distributed on the outer edge of the outer ring piece, and the outer ring piece is inclined towards the lower part of the inner ring piece.
The upper cover and the base are respectively arranged at the end parts of the upper cavity wall and the lower cavity wall through screws, and the base is provided with a circuit board through screws; the ball head of the exciter is arranged in the ball cavity of the shell partition board, and the ball plane and the swing rod are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the shell partition board; the lower disc spring is arranged on the seat plate of the swing rod through a screw, an inner ring piece of the lower disc spring is sleeved on the swing rod and fixed on the seat plate through a screw, the outer edge of the lower disc spring is propped against the lower surface of the shell partition plate, and a cantilever beam at the end part of the outer ring piece of the lower disc spring is propped against the lower surface of the shell partition plate; the free end of the swing rod is provided with an inertial block through a screw, the swing rod is positioned in the plumb face, and the distance from the mass center of the inertial block to the center of the ball head is adjustable.
The lower disc and the upper disc are arranged in the upper cavity, the lower disc guide pillar is sleeved in the upper cover guide hole and presses the spring in the upper cover guide hole, and the upper disc guide hole is sleeved on the upper cover guide sleeve; an upper disc spring is arranged between the upper disc and the upper cover, an inner ring piece of the upper disc spring is arranged on the upper cover through a screw, cantilever beams at the end parts of the outer ring piece are propped against the upper disc, the lower surface of the upper disc is propped against the cavity wall annular table, and the lower surface of the lower disc is propped against the sphere plane.
The upper surface of the shell partition plate, the upper surface and the lower surface of the lower plate and the lower surface of the upper plate are adhered with composite sheets, each composite sheet consists of an annular electrode sheet and a friction sheet, and the friction sheet is positioned on the outer side of the electrode sheet, namely, the electrode sheet is adhered on the upper surface of the shell partition plate, the upper surface and the lower surface of the lower plate or the lower surface of the upper plate, and the composite sheet is slightly higher than the surfaces of the shell partition plate, the lower plate and the upper plate where the composite sheet is positioned; the composite sheet on the lower surface of the lower disc and the upper surface of the upper disc form an upper friction pair; the triboelectric series of the two friction plate materials in one friction pair are far apart, such as nylon and polytetrafluoroethylene; in particular, one composite sheet in the friction pair may contain only electrode sheets; when the device is not in operation, the two friction plates in the lower friction pair are in contact with each other, the two friction plates in the upper friction pair are not in contact, and a certain small gap exists between the two friction plates in the upper friction pair.
In the invention, the natural frequency of the generator is determined by the structures and performance parameters of the spring, the upper disc spring, the lower disc spring, the inertia block, the lower disc and the upper disc, in order to obtain a large enough swing inertia force, the mass of the inertia block needs to be large enough and far larger than the sum of the masses of other devices, the material of the inertia block is metal, and the material of the other devices is nonmetal light material.
In the invention, after the structure and parameters of the generator are determined, the natural frequency of the system can be adjusted by the distance from the inertia block to the center of the ball head, and the natural frequency of the exciter swinging along a certain horizontal direction is about
Wherein: ζ is damping ratio, x and y are the radius of the sphere plane and the radius of the outer edge of the lower disc spring, k1, k2 and k3 are the equivalent stiffness of the upper disc spring, the lower disc spring and the spring, m is mass of the inertial mass, L is vertical distance from the mass center of the inertial mass to the center of the ball head, and lambda is correction coefficient.
When the ship swings or jolts, the exciter swings reciprocally under the action of the inertia force of the inertia block, mechanical energy is converted into electric energy through alternate contact-separation between friction layers of each friction pair, and the generated electric energy is respectively transmitted to the circuit board after rectification and is stored or output after further conversion treatment.
When the exciter swings: the lower disc spring is bent and deformed to one side, the ball plane pushes the lower disc to move upwards and compress the spring, the two friction plates in the lower friction pair are separated from contact, the interval between the two friction plates is gradually increased, and the interval between the two friction plates in the upper friction pair is gradually reduced until the two friction plates are contacted with each other; after that, as the swing angle of the actuator increases, the lower disc contacts with the upper disc and pushes the upper disc to move upwards, the upper disc spring is compressed, the spring is continuously compressed, and the swing angle of the actuator reaches the maximum when the spring is pressed or the outer ring piece of the upper disc spring is flattened.
When the vibration direction is changed, the exciter is reset under the action of the lower disc spring, the spring and the upper disc spring push the upper disc and the lower disc to move downwards, and the upper disc spring pushes the lower disc to move downwards through the upper disc; at the initial stage of downward movement of the upper disc and the lower disc, two friction plates in the upper friction pair are kept in contact, the upper disc stops moving downward after contacting the cavity wall annular table, the two friction plates in the upper friction pair are separated from contact, the gap is gradually increased, and the gap between the two friction plates in the lower friction pair is gradually reduced and finally contacted with each other.
In the alternating contact and separation process between two friction plates in one friction pair, charge transfer is realized, and the contact-separation friction power generation process is completed.
Besides collecting the bump energy of the ship to supply power for a positioning and tracking system, the contact-separation type friction generator with multidirectional vibration provided by the invention can also be used for collecting the pure sea wave, wind energy, vehicle-mounted environment energy with multidirectional disturbance characteristics and the like.
Advantages and features: the system natural frequency is easy to adjust through structural parameters, friction and abrasion can be effectively avoided by the contact-separation power generation method, so that the system has strong environmental adaptability, high reliability and wide effective frequency band.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a generator in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of section I of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a housing in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the upper cover in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the bottom wall in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the upper plate structure in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an actuator in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the upper disc spring according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a top view of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of a lower disc spring according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a bottom view of fig. 10.
Detailed Description
A contact-separation type friction generator with multidirectional vibration mainly comprises a shell a, a base b, an upper cover c, a lower disk d, an upper disk e, an exciter f, a spring g, an upper disc spring h, a lower disc spring i, an inertia block j, a composite sheet k and a circuit board p.
The inner cavity of the shell a is divided into an upper cavity a3 and a lower cavity a5 by a shell partition plate a1 with a ball cavity a7, the side walls of the upper cavity a3 and the lower cavity a5 are respectively called an upper cavity wall a2 and a lower cavity wall a4, and a cavity wall annular table a8 is arranged on the inner side of the upper cavity wall a 2; the shell partition plate a1 is of an integral or split structure, wherein the split structure is that an auxiliary plate a6 is arranged above or below the shell partition plate a1, and the shell partition plate a1 and the auxiliary plate a6 form a ball cavity a7 together after being assembled.
An upper cover guide sleeve c2 with an upper cover guide hole c3 is arranged on a cover plate c1 of the upper cover c, the upper cover guide hole c3 and the upper cover guide sleeve c2 are perpendicular to the cover plate c1, and the upper cover guide hole c3 is a blind hole.
The lower disc body d1 of the lower disc d is provided with a lower disc guide post d2, and the lower disc guide post d2 is perpendicular to the lower disc body d 1.
An upper disc body e1 of the upper disc e is provided with an upper disc guide sleeve e2 with an upper disc guide hole e3, and the upper disc guide hole e3 and the upper disc guide sleeve e2 are perpendicular to the upper disc body e 1.
One side of a ball head f1 of the exciter f is provided with a ball plane f4, the other side of the ball head f is provided with a swinging rod f2 with a seat board f3, and the surfaces of the ball plane f4 and the seat board f3 are perpendicular to the axis of the swinging rod f 2.
The upper disc spring h is composed of an inner ring piece h1 and an outer ring piece h2 inclined with the inner ring piece h1, cantilever beams h3 are uniformly distributed on the outer edge of the outer ring piece h2, and the outer ring piece h2 is inclined towards the upper part of the inner ring piece; the lower disc spring i is composed of an inner ring piece i1 and an outer ring piece i2 inclined with the inner ring piece i, cantilever beams i3 are uniformly distributed on the outer edge of the outer ring piece i2, and the outer ring piece i2 is inclined to the lower side of the inner ring piece.
The upper cover c and the base b are respectively arranged at the end parts of the upper cavity wall a2 and the lower cavity wall a4 through screws, and the base b is provided with a circuit board p through screws; the ball head f1 of the exciter f is arranged in the ball cavity a7 of the shell partition plate a1, and the ball plane f4 and the swing rod f2 are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the shell partition plate a 1; the seat board f3 of the swing rod f2 is provided with a lower disc spring i through a screw, an inner ring piece i1 of the lower disc spring i is sleeved on the swing rod f2 and is fixed on the seat board f3 through a screw, the outer edge of the lower disc spring i is propped against the casing partition board a1, and a cantilever beam i3 at the end part of an outer ring piece i2 of the lower disc spring i is propped against the lower surface of the casing partition board a 1; the free end of the swing rod f2 is provided with an inertial block j through a screw, the swing rod f2 is positioned in the plumb face, and the distance from the mass center of the inertial block j to the center of the ball head f1 is adjustable.
The lower disc d and the upper disc e are arranged in the upper cavity a3, the lower disc guide post d2 is sleeved in the upper cover guide hole c3 and presses the spring g in the upper cover guide hole c3, and the upper disc guide hole e3 is sleeved on the upper cover guide sleeve c 2; an upper disc spring h is arranged between the upper disc e and the upper cover c, an inner ring sheet h1 of the upper disc spring h is arranged on the upper cover c through a screw, a cantilever beam h3 at the end part of the outer ring sheet h2 is propped against the upper disc e, the lower surface of the upper disc e is propped against a cavity wall annular table a8, and the lower surface of the lower disc d is propped against a sphere plane f 4.
The upper surface of the shell partition plate a1, the upper surface and the lower surface of the lower plate d and the lower surface of the upper plate e are adhered with composite plates k, each composite plate k is composed of an annular electrode plate k1 and a friction plate k2, the friction plate k2 is positioned on the outer side of the electrode plate k1, namely, the electrode plate k1 is adhered on the upper surface of the shell partition plate a1, the upper surface and the lower surface of the lower plate d or the lower surface of the upper plate e, and the composite plates k are slightly higher than the surfaces of the shell partition plate a1, the lower plate d and the upper plate e where the composite plates k are positioned; the composite sheet k on the lower surface of the lower disc e and the upper surface of the lower disc d form an upper friction pair; the triboelectric series of the two friction plate k2 materials in one friction pair are far apart, such as nylon and polytetrafluoroethylene; in particular, one composite sheet k in the friction pair may contain only the electrode sheet k1; when the friction pair is not in operation, the two friction plates k2 in the lower friction pair are in contact with each other, the two friction plates k2 in the upper friction pair are not in contact, and a certain small gap n exists between the two friction plates k2 in the upper friction pair.
In the invention, the natural frequency of the generator is determined by the structures and performance parameters of a spring g, an upper disc spring h, a lower disc spring i, an inertia block j, a lower disc d and an upper disc e, the mass of the inertia block j is required to be large enough and far larger than the sum of the masses of other devices in order to obtain a large enough swing inertia force, the material of the inertia block j is metal, and the material of the other devices is nonmetal light material.
In the invention, after the structure and parameters of the generator are determined, the natural frequency of the system can be adjusted by the distance from the inertia block j to the center of the ball head f1, and the natural frequency of the exciter swinging along a certain horizontal direction is about
Wherein: zeta is resistanceThe Nibi, x and y are the radius of the sphere plane f4 and the outer edge radius of the lower disc spring i, k1, k2 and k3 are the equivalent stiffness of the upper disc spring h, the lower disc spring i and the spring g, m is the mass of the inertial mass j, L is the vertical distance from the mass center of the inertial mass j to the center of the ball head f1, and lambda is the correction coefficient.
When the ship swings or jolts, the exciter f swings reciprocally under the action of the inertia force of the inertia block j, and converts mechanical energy into electric energy through alternate contact-separation between friction layers of each friction pair, and the generated electric energy is respectively transmitted to the circuit board p after rectification and is stored or output after further conversion treatment.
When the actuator f swings: the lower disc spring i is bent and deformed to one side, the ball plane f4 pushes the lower disc d to move upwards and compress the spring g, the two friction plates k2 in the lower friction pair are separated from contact, the interval between the two friction plates k2 in the upper friction pair is gradually increased, and the interval between the two friction plates k2 in the upper friction pair is gradually reduced until the two friction plates are contacted with each other; after that, as the swing angle of the actuator f increases, the lower disc d contacts with the upper disc e and pushes the upper disc e to move upward, the upper disc spring h is compressed, the spring g is continuously compressed, and the spring g is pressed or the outer ring sheet h2 of the upper disc spring h is flattened, so that the swing angle of the actuator f is maximized.
When the vibration direction is changed, the exciter f is reset under the action of the lower disc spring i, the spring g and the upper disc spring h push the upper disc e and the lower disc d to move downwards, and the upper disc spring h pushes the lower disc d to move downwards through the upper disc e; at the initial stage of downward movement of the upper disc e and the lower disc d, two friction plates k2 in the upper friction pair are kept in contact, the upper disc e stops moving downward after contacting the cavity wall annular table a8, the two friction plates k2 in the upper friction pair are separated from contact and the gap is gradually increased, and the gap between the two friction plates k2 in the lower friction pair is gradually reduced and finally contacted with each other.
In the alternating contact and separation process between two friction plates k2 in one friction pair, charge transfer is realized, and the contact-separation friction power generation process is completed.
Besides collecting the bump energy of the ship to supply power for a positioning and tracking system, the generator can also be used for collecting the pure sea wave, wind energy, vehicle-mounted environment energy with multidirectional disturbance characteristics and the like.
Claims (4)
1. A multi-directional vibrating contact-separation friction generator, characterized by: the shell inner cavity is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity by a shell partition plate with a ball cavity; an upper cover guide sleeve with a cover guide hole is arranged on the upper cover, a lower disc guide post is arranged on the lower disc, an upper disc guide sleeve with a disc guide hole is arranged on the upper disc, a ball plane is arranged on one side of a ball head of the exciter, and a swing rod is arranged on the other side of the ball head of the exciter; the upper disc spring and the lower disc spring are both composed of an inner ring piece and an inclined outer ring piece; the upper cover and the base are respectively arranged at the end parts of the upper cavity wall and the lower cavity wall, and the ball head is arranged in the ball cavity; the inner ring piece of the lower disc spring is arranged on the swing rod, the outer edge of the lower disc spring is propped against the lower surface of the shell partition plate, and the swing rod is provided with an inertia block; the upper disc and the lower disc are arranged in the upper cavity, the lower disc guide pillar is sleeved in the upper cover guide hole and is in compression joint with a spring, and the upper disc guide hole is sleeved on the upper cover guide sleeve; an upper disc spring is arranged between the upper disc and the upper cover, an inner ring piece of the upper disc spring is arranged on the upper cover, the end part of the outer ring piece is propped against the upper disc, the lower surface of the upper disc is propped against a cavity wall annular table of the upper cavity wall, and the lower surface of the lower disc is propped against the sphere plane; the upper surface of the shell partition plate, the upper surface and the lower surface of the lower disc and the lower surface of the upper disc are adhered with composite sheets consisting of electrode sheets and friction sheets; the composite sheet on the lower surface of the lower disc and the upper surface of the upper disc form an upper friction pair; the friction plates in the lower friction pair are in contact with each other and the friction plates in the upper friction pair are not in contact when the friction pair is not in operation.
2. A multi-directional vibrating contact-separation friction generator as claimed in claim 1 wherein: cantilever beams are uniformly distributed on the outer edges of the annular sheets of the upper disc spring and the lower disc spring.
3. A multi-directional vibrating contact-separation friction generator as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the triboelectric series of the two friction plate materials in the same friction pair are far apart.
4. A multi-directional vibrating contact-separation friction generator as claimed in claim 1 wherein: after the structure and parameters of the generator are determined, the natural frequency of the system is adjusted through the distance from the inertia block to the center of the ball head.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111416737.8A CN113992057B (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | Contact-separation type friction generator capable of vibrating in multiple directions |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111416737.8A CN113992057B (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | Contact-separation type friction generator capable of vibrating in multiple directions |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113992057A CN113992057A (en) | 2022-01-28 |
| CN113992057B true CN113992057B (en) | 2023-06-02 |
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| CN202111416737.8A Active CN113992057B (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | Contact-separation type friction generator capable of vibrating in multiple directions |
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2021
- 2021-11-26 CN CN202111416737.8A patent/CN113992057B/en active Active
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| JP2004357396A (en) * | 2003-05-28 | 2004-12-16 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Preload device and multi-degree-of-freedom ultrasonic motor |
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| CN113992057A (en) | 2022-01-28 |
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