CN113992057B - Contact-separation type friction generator capable of vibrating in multiple directions - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a contact-separation friction generator with multi-directional vibration, which belongs to the field of new energy sources; a casing partition in a ball cavity separates the casing cavity into an upper and lower cavity; the ball heads of the exciter are respectively arranged on both sides There is a ball plane and a swing rod; the upper and lower disc springs are composed of an inner ring piece and an inclined outer ring piece; the upper cover and the base are respectively installed at the ends of the upper and lower cavity walls, and the ball head is placed in the ball cavity; the swing rod and the casing are separated The lower surface of the board is provided with a lower disc spring, and the swing rod is equipped with an inertia block; the upper and lower plates are placed in the upper chamber, the guide post of the lower plate is set in the guide hole of the upper cover and is crimped with a spring, and the guide hole of the upper plate is set in the guide hole of the upper cover. Put it on; there is an upper disc spring between the upper plate and the upper cover, the lower surface of the upper plate leans against the cavity wall ring platform of the upper cavity wall, and the lower surface of the lower plate leans against the ball plane; the upper side of the casing partition plate, Both sides of the lower plate and the lower side of the upper plate are bonded with composite sheets composed of electrode sheets and friction plates; The upper composite sheet constitutes the upper friction pair.

Description

A contact-separation friction generator with multi-directional vibration

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy, and in particular relates to a contact-separation type friction generator with multi-directional vibration, which is used for power supply of a ship positioning and tracking system.

Background technique

The development and application of civil ship positioning and tracking system has gradually gained more and more attention. Its popularization and application will provide a strong guarantee for the ship's navigation safety, timely rescue, and search after losing contact. However, the developed marine positioning and tracking systems are all based on engine power supply. Once an accident occurs on the ship and the engine and the entire power system fail, the positioning and tracking system will lose its expected function. In addition, the existing positioning and tracking systems for ships are all external, and cannot work normally when the ship is wrecked and flooded, or cannot work when the ship is hijacked by criminals and the positioning and tracking system is turned off. Therefore, in order to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the civilian ship positioning system, it is necessary to have an independent self-powered power supply and to be installed in the hull in a secret and airtight manner, as long as the ship or the positioning tracking system is installed in the rivers, lakes, seas, generators and positioning tracking systems. normal work.

Contents of the invention

A multi-directional vibration contact-separation friction generator mainly includes a casing, a base, an upper cover, a lower plate, an upper plate, an exciter, a spring, an upper disc spring, a lower disc spring, an inertia block, a composite sheet and a circuit plate.

The casing partition with a spherical cavity divides the casing cavity into upper and lower chambers. The side walls of the upper and lower chambers are called the upper chamber wall and the lower chamber wall respectively, and the inner side of the upper chamber wall is provided with a ring platform; It is an integral or split structure. The split structure refers to the installation of auxiliary plates above or below the casing partitions, and the casing partitions and auxiliary plates form a ball cavity after assembly.

The cover plate of the upper cover is provided with an upper cover guide sleeve with an upper cover guide hole, the upper cover guide hole and the upper cover guide sleeve are perpendicular to the cover plate, and the upper cover guide hole is a blind hole.

The lower disc body of the lower disc is provided with a lower disc guide post, and the lower disc guide post is perpendicular to the lower disc body.

The upper plate body of the upper plate is provided with an upper plate guide sleeve with an upper plate guide hole, and the upper plate guide hole and the upper plate guide sleeve are perpendicular to the upper plate body.

One side of the ball head of the exciter is provided with a ball plane, and the other side is provided with a swing rod with a seat plate, and the ball plane and the plate surface of the seat plate are perpendicular to the axis of the swing rod.

The upper disc spring is composed of an inner ring piece and an outer ring piece inclined to it. Cantilever beams are evenly distributed on the outer edge of the outer ring piece, and the outer ring piece is inclined to the top of the inner ring piece; the lower disc spring is composed of an inner ring piece and an inclined outer ring piece. The outer ring sheet is composed of cantilever beams evenly distributed on the outer edge of the outer ring sheet, and the outer ring sheet is inclined to the bottom of the inner ring sheet.

The upper cover and the base are respectively installed on the ends of the upper chamber wall and the lower chamber wall through screws, and the circuit board is installed on the base through screws; the ball head of the exciter is placed in the ball chamber of the casing partition, the ball plane and the swing rod They are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the casing partition; the lower disc spring is installed on the seat plate of the swing rod through screws, the inner ring piece of the lower disc spring is set on the swing rod and fixed on the seat plate through screws, and the outer edge of the lower disc spring It leans against the lower surface of the casing partition, and the cantilever beam at the end of the outer ring of the lower disc spring leans against the lower surface of the casing partition; the free end of the swing rod is installed with an inertia block through a screw, and the swing rod is on the plumb surface Inside, the distance from the center of mass of the inertia block to the center of the ball head is adjustable.

The lower plate and the upper plate are installed in the upper chamber, the guide post of the lower plate is set in the guide hole of the upper cover and the spring is pressed in the guide hole of the upper cover, and the guide hole of the upper plate is set on the guide sleeve of the upper cover; the upper plate and the upper cover There is an upper disc spring in between, the inner ring of the upper disc spring is installed on the upper cover through screws, the cantilever beam at the end of the outer ring leans against the upper plate, and the lower surface of the upper plate leans against the ring platform of the cavity wall , the lower surface of the lower plate rests on the ball plane.

The upper surface of the casing separator, the upper and lower surfaces of the lower plate, and the lower surface of the upper plate are all bonded with a composite sheet. The composite sheet is composed of an annular electrode sheet and a friction sheet. The friction sheet is located outside the electrode sheet, that is, the electrode sheet Bonded on the upper surface of the case partition, the upper and lower surfaces of the lower plate or the lower surface of the upper plate, the composite sheet is slightly higher than the surface of the case partition, the lower plate and the upper plate where it is located; the case partition and the lower plate The composite sheet on the lower surface of the disk constitutes the lower friction pair, and the composite sheets on the upper surface of the lower disk and the lower surface of the upper disk constitute the upper friction pair; the triboelectric sequences of the two friction sheet materials in a friction pair are far apart, such as nylon and polyester. Tetrafluoroethylene; in particular, a composite sheet in the friction pair can only contain electrode sheets; when not working, the two friction sheets in the lower friction pair are in contact with each other, the two friction sheets in the upper friction pair are not in contact, and the upper friction pair There is a certain tiny gap between the two friction plates in the pair.

In the present invention, the natural frequency of the generator is determined by the structure and performance parameters of the spring, upper disc spring, lower disc spring, inertia block, lower plate and upper plate. In order to obtain a sufficiently large swing inertial force, the mass of the inertial block must Large and far greater than the sum of the mass of other devices, the material of the inertia block is metal, and the material of other devices is non-metallic lightweight material.

，式中：ζ为阻尼比，x和y分别为球平面半径和下碟簧的外缘半径，k1、k2及k3分别为上碟簧、下碟簧和弹簧的等效刚度，m为惯性块质量，L为惯性块质心到球头中心的垂直距离，λ为修正系数。In the present invention, after the generator structure and parameters are determined, the natural frequency of the system can still be adjusted through the distance from the inertia block to the center of the ball head, and the natural frequency of the exciter swinging in a certain horizontal direction is about

, where: ζ is the damping ratio, x and y are the spherical plane radius and the outer edge radius of the lower disc spring respectively, k1, k2 and k3 are the equivalent stiffnesses of the upper disc spring, lower disc spring and spring respectively, m is the inertia Block mass, L is the vertical distance from the center of mass of the inertial block to the center of the ball head, and λ is the correction factor.

When the ship swings or pitches, the exciter swings back and forth due to the inertial force of the inertia block and converts mechanical energy into electrical energy through the alternating contact-separation between the friction layers of each friction pair, and the generated electrical energy is rectified and sent to the circuit respectively board, stored or exported after further conversion processing.

When the exciter swings: the lower disc spring bends and deforms to one side, the ball plane pushes the lower disc to move upward and compresses the spring, the two friction plates in the lower friction pair are out of contact and the distance between them gradually increases, the two friction plates in the upper friction pair The distance between the discs gradually decreases until they touch each other; after that, as the swing angle of the actuator increases, the lower disc contacts the upper disc and pushes the upper disc to move upward, the upper disc spring is compressed, the spring is continuously compressed, the spring is crushed or the upper disc When the outer ring of the spring is flattened, the actuator swing angle reaches the maximum.

When the vibration direction changes, the exciter resets under the action of the lower plate spring, the spring and the upper plate spring push the upper plate and the lower plate to move down, and the upper plate spring pushes the lower plate to move down through the upper plate; , the two friction plates in the upper friction pair keep in contact, the upper disc stops moving down after touching the ring platform of the cavity wall, the two friction plates in the upper friction pair lose contact and the gap gradually increases, the two friction plates in the lower friction pair The gap between the sheets gradually decreases and eventually touches each other.

In the process of alternate contact and separation between two friction plates in a friction pair, the charge transfer is realized, and the contact-separation friction power generation process is completed.

In addition to collecting the ship's turbulence energy to supply power for its positioning and tracking system, the multi-directional vibration contact-separation friction generator proposed by the present invention can also be used for environmental energy with multi-directional disturbance characteristics such as pure ocean waves, wind energy, and vehicles. collect.

Advantages and features: It can collect the energy of the ship swinging in any direction. The natural frequency of the system is easy to adjust through structural parameters. The contact-separation power generation method can effectively avoid friction and wear, so it has strong environmental adaptability, high reliability, and effective frequency bandwidth.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a generator in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of part I of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of casing in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an upper cover in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the lower plate in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the upper plate structure in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of exciter in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the upper disc spring in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 9 is a top view of Figure 8;

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the lower disc spring in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a bottom view of FIG. 10 .

Detailed ways

A multi-directional vibration contact-separation friction generator, mainly including a casing a, a base b, an upper cover c, a lower plate d, an upper plate e, an exciter f, a spring g, an upper disc spring h, and a lower disc spring i. Inertial block j, composite sheet k and circuit board p.

The casing partition a1 with the spherical cavity a7 divides the inner cavity of the casing a into an upper cavity a3 and a lower cavity a5, and the side walls of the upper cavity a3 and the lower cavity a5 are respectively called the upper cavity wall a2 and the lower cavity wall a4, The inner side of the upper cavity wall a2 is provided with a cavity wall ring platform a8; the casing partition a1 is an integral or split structure, and the split structure refers to the installation of the auxiliary plate a6 above or below the casing partition a1, and the casing partition a1 and After the auxiliary plates a6 are assembled, they jointly form the ball cavity a7.

The cover plate c1 of the upper cover c is provided with an upper cover guide sleeve c2 with an upper cover guide hole c3, the upper cover guide hole c3 and the upper cover guide sleeve c2 are perpendicular to the cover plate c1, and the upper cover guide hole c3 is a blind hole.

The lower disc body d1 of the lower disc d is provided with a lower disc guide post d2, and the lower disc guide post d2 is perpendicular to the lower disc body d1.

The upper disc body e1 of the upper disc e is provided with an upper disc guide sleeve e2 with an upper disc guide hole e3, and the upper disc guide hole e3 and the upper disc guide sleeve e2 are perpendicular to the upper disc body e1.

One side of the ball head f1 of the exciter f is provided with a ball plane f4, and the other side is provided with a swing rod f2 with a seat plate f3, and the ball plane f4 and the surface of the seat plate f3 are perpendicular to the axis of the swing rod f2.

The upper disc spring h is composed of an inner ring h1 and an outer ring h2 inclined to it. Cantilever beams h3 are evenly distributed on the outer edge of the outer ring h2, and the outer ring h2 is inclined to the top of the inner ring; the lower disc spring i It is composed of an inner ring piece i1 and an outer ring piece i2 inclined thereto. Cantilever beams i3 are evenly distributed on the outer edge of the outer ring piece i2, and the outer ring piece i2 is inclined downward of the inner ring piece.

The upper cover c and the base b are respectively installed on the ends of the upper cavity wall a2 and the lower cavity wall a4 through screws, and the circuit board p is installed on the base b through screws; In the ball cavity a7, the ball plane f4 and the swing rod f2 are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the casing partition a1; the lower disc spring i is installed on the seat plate f3 of the swing rod f2 via screws, and the inner ring piece i1 of the lower disc spring i Covered on the swing rod f2 and fixed on the seat plate f3 by screws, the outer edge of the lower disc spring i leans against the casing partition a1, and the cantilever beam i3 at the end of the outer ring piece i2 of the lower disc spring i leans against the machine On the lower surface of the shell partition a1; the free end of the swing rod f2 is installed with an inertia block j through a screw, the swing rod f2 is in the plumb plane, and the distance from the center of mass of the inertia block j to the center of the ball head f1 is adjustable.

The lower plate d and the upper plate e are installed in the upper cavity a3, the lower plate guide post d2 is set in the guide hole c3 of the upper cover and the spring g is pressed in the guide hole c3 of the upper cover, and the guide hole e3 of the upper plate is set in the guide hole c3 of the upper cover. On the sleeve c2; between the upper plate e and the upper cover c, there is an upper disc spring h, the inner ring h1 of the upper disc spring h is installed on the upper cover c through screws, and the cantilever beam h3 at the end of the outer ring h2 leans against On the upper plate e, the lower surface of the upper plate e leans against the ring platform a8 of the cavity wall, and the lower surface of the lower plate d leans against the ball plane f4.

The upper surface of the casing partition a1, the upper and lower surfaces of the lower plate d and the lower surface of the upper plate e are all bonded with a composite sheet k. The composite sheet k is composed of an annular electrode sheet k1 and a friction sheet k2. The friction sheet k2 is located at The outer side of the electrode sheet k1, that is, the electrode sheet k1 is bonded to the upper surface of the casing separator a1, the upper and lower surfaces of the lower plate d or the lower surface of the upper plate e, and the composite sheet k is slightly higher than the casing separator where it is located a1, the surface of the lower plate d and the upper plate e; the casing partition a1 and the composite sheet k on the lower surface of the lower plate d form the lower friction pair, and the upper surface of the lower plate d and the composite sheet k on the lower surface of the upper plate e form the upper friction pair pair; the triboelectric sequence of the two friction plates k2 materials in a friction pair is far apart, such as nylon and polytetrafluoroethylene; especially, a composite sheet k in a friction pair can only contain electrode sheet k1; when not working, The two friction plates k2 in the lower friction pair are in contact with each other, the two friction plates k2 in the upper friction pair are not in contact, and there is a certain small gap n between the two friction plates k2 in the upper friction pair.

In the present invention, the natural frequency of the generator is jointly determined by the structure and performance parameters of the spring g, the upper disc spring h, the lower disc spring i, the inertia block j, the lower plate d and the upper plate e, in order to obtain a sufficiently large swing inertial force, The mass of the inertia block j must be large enough and far greater than the sum of the mass of other devices. The material of the inertia block j is metal, and the material of other devices is non-metallic lightweight material.

，式中：ζ为阻尼比，x和y分别为球平面f4半径和下碟簧i的外缘半径，k1、k2及k3分别为上碟簧h、下碟簧i和弹簧g的等效刚度，m为惯性块j质量，L为惯性块j质心到球头f1中心的垂直距离，λ为修正系数。In the present invention, after the generator structure and parameters are determined, the natural frequency of the system can still be adjusted through the distance from the inertial mass j to the center of the ball head f1, and the natural frequency of the exciter swinging in a certain horizontal direction is about

, where: ζ is the damping ratio, x and y are the radius of the spherical plane f4 and the outer edge radius of the lower disc spring i respectively, k1, k2 and k3 are the equivalents of the upper disc spring h, the lower disc spring i and the spring g respectively Stiffness, m is the mass of inertial block j, L is the vertical distance from the center of mass of inertial block j to the center of ball head f1, and λ is the correction coefficient.

When the ship swings or pitches, the exciter f reciprocates due to the inertial force of the inertia block j, and converts mechanical energy into electrical energy through the alternating contact-separation between the friction layers of each friction pair, and the generated electrical energy is rectified and sent separately For the circuit board p, store or output after further conversion processing.

When the exciter f swings: the lower disc spring i bends and deforms to one side, the ball plane f4 pushes the lower disc d to move upward and compresses the spring g, the two friction plates k2 in the lower friction pair are out of contact and the distance between them gradually increases, and the upper friction The distance between the two friction plates k2 in the pair gradually decreases until they touch each other; after that, as the swing angle of the actuator f increases, the lower disc d contacts the upper disc e and pushes the upper disc e to move upward, and the upper disc spring h is compressed, The spring g is continuously compressed, and when the spring g is crushed to death or the outer ring sheet h2 of the upper disc spring h is flattened, the swing angle of the actuator f reaches the maximum.

When the vibration direction changes, the exciter f resets under the action of the lower disc spring i, the spring g and the upper disc spring h push the upper disc e and the lower disc d to move down, and the upper disc spring h pushes the lower disc d to move down through the upper disc e; At the beginning of the downward movement of the upper plate e and the lower plate d, the two friction plates k2 in the upper friction pair keep in contact, and the upper plate e stops moving down after touching the ring platform a8 of the cavity wall, and the two friction plates k2 The contact is disengaged and the gap gradually increases, and the gap between the two friction plates k2 in the lower friction pair gradually decreases and finally contacts each other.

In the process of alternate contact and separation between two friction plates k2 in one friction pair, charge transfer is realized, and a contact-separation triboelectric power generation process is completed.

In addition to collecting the ship's turbulence energy to supply power for its positioning and tracking system, the generator of the present invention can also be used for environmental energy collection with multi-directional disturbance characteristics such as simple ocean waves, wind energy, and vehicles.

Claims (4)

1. A multi-directional vibration contact-separation friction generator, characterized in that: the casing partition with a ball cavity separates the casing cavity into upper and lower chambers; the upper cover is provided with an upper cover with a guide hole The cover guide sleeve, the lower plate is provided with the lower plate guide column, the upper plate is provided with the upper plate guide sleeve with the upper plate guide hole, the ball head of the actuator is provided with a ball plane on one side, and a swing rod on the other side; The upper and lower disc springs are composed of an inner ring and an inclined outer ring; the upper cover and the base are respectively installed at the ends of the upper and lower cavity walls, and the ball head is placed in the ball cavity; the inner ring of the lower disc spring is installed on the swing rod , The outer edge leans against the lower surface of the casing partition, and the inertia block is installed on the swing rod; the upper and lower plates are placed in the upper chamber, the guide post of the lower plate is set in the guide hole of the upper cover and is crimped with a spring, and the guide hole of the upper plate is set On the guide sleeve of the upper cover; there is an upper disc spring between the upper plate and the upper cover, the inner ring of the upper disc spring is installed on the upper cover, the end of the outer ring is against the upper plate, and the lower surface of the upper plate is against On the cavity wall ring platform of the upper cavity wall, the lower surface of the lower plate rests on the spherical plane; the upper surface of the casing partition, the upper and lower surfaces of the lower plate, and the lower surface of the upper plate are all bonded with electrodes and friction plates. Composite sheet; the casing partition and the composite sheet on the lower surface of the lower plate form the lower friction pair, and the composite sheets on the upper surface of the lower plate and the lower surface of the upper plate form the upper friction pair; the friction sheets in the lower friction pair are in contact with each other and The friction plates in the upper friction pair do not touch. 2. A contact-separation friction generator with multi-directional vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that cantilever beams are evenly distributed on the outer edges of the rings of the upper disc spring and the lower disc spring. 3. A multi-directional vibration contact-separation friction generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the triboelectric sequences of the two friction plate materials in the same friction pair are relatively far apart. 4. A multi-directional vibration contact-separation friction generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the natural frequency of the system is adjusted by the distance from the inertia block to the center of the ball head after the generator structure and parameters are determined.

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