CN107359825B - Swing type multi-directional piezoelectric energy harvester - Google Patents
Swing type multi-directional piezoelectric energy harvester Download PDFInfo
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- CN107359825B CN107359825B CN201710732692.2A CN201710732692A CN107359825B CN 107359825 B CN107359825 B CN 107359825B CN 201710732692 A CN201710732692 A CN 201710732692A CN 107359825 B CN107359825 B CN 107359825B
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- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001124569 Lycaenidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/183—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators using impacting bodies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
Abstract
The invention relates to a swing type multidirectional piezoelectric energy harvester, and belongs to the technical field of piezoelectric power generation. The shell is provided with an upper cover which is provided with a fixed magnetic sheet and a limit ring; the circuit board and the suspension magnet are arranged on the bottom wall of the shell; the left side wall of the shell is provided with a left upper boss and a left lower boss, and the right side wall of the shell is provided with a right upper boss and a right lower boss; two ends of the clapboard provided with the limiting ring are arranged on the left and right lower bosses; the left upper boss and the right upper boss are respectively provided with two piezoelectric vibrators and two gaskets, and the two gaskets are clamped between the two piezoelectric vibrators; the fixed sections at the two ends of the reed are respectively pressed between the two gaskets on the left upper boss and the right upper boss, and the fixed sections of the reed are connected with a wide reed through a narrow reed; the wide spring is provided with two clamping plates, a movable magnetic sheet and an inertia block, the clamping plates are symmetrically clamped on the upper side and the lower side of the wide spring, and the movable magnetic sheet is arranged above the wide spring; the small-diameter end of the T-shaped inertia block is fixed on the clamping plate below the wide spring, and the large-diameter end is provided with a suspended magnet; the base plate of the piezoelectric vibrator is mounted close to the spacer and the free end abuts against the clamping plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of piezoelectric power generation, and particularly relates to a swinging type multidirectional piezoelectric energy harvester which supplies power to a ship positioning and tracking system.
Background
The ship positioning and tracking system is widely applied to civil ships, and provides powerful guarantee for navigation safety, timely rescue, search and rescue after loss of connection and the like of the ships. However, the existing positioning and tracking systems are all based on engine power supply, and once the engine and the whole power system are disabled due to an accident of a ship, the positioning and tracking systems lose the due functions. In addition, the existing positioning and tracking systems are all externally arranged, so that the ship cannot normally work when the ship crashes and enters water, and the positioning system is easily closed or damaged after the ship is hijacked by lawless persons. In recent years, to ensure the safe and reliable operation of ship positioning systems, self-powered devices based on piezoelectric materials, called piezoelectric generators or piezoelectric energy harvesters, have been studied in order to be integrated with the positioning systems and installed in concealed manner. However, most of the piezoelectric generators for the ship positioning and tracking system proposed at present directly utilize the additional mass inertia force on the piezoelectric vibrator for excitation, so that only the energy in a certain fixed vibration direction can be collected, and the adjustability of the resonant frequency is poor; the most important point is that the piezoelectric vibrator bears bidirectional excitation and generates bidirectional bending deformation in work, and when a ship vibrates or shakes in stormy waves in a large amplitude, the brittle piezoelectric material is easy to break due to overlarge tensile stress. Therefore, in order to make the piezoelectric generator practically applied to a ship positioning and tracking system, the key problems to be solved first are to improve the adaptability and reliability of the vibration direction and the adjustability of the resonant frequency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a swing type multidirectional piezoelectric energy harvester, which adopts the following implementation scheme: an upper cover is installed at the end part of the side wall of the shell through a screw, a fixed magnetic sheet and a limiting ring are installed on the lower surface of the upper cover through a screw, and the limiting ring is made of rubber; the bottom wall of the shell is provided with a circuit board and a suspension magnet through screws, and the suspension magnet is circular; the circuit board is provided with an energy conversion circuit and a signal transmitting system; the left side wall of the shell is provided with an upper left boss and a lower left boss, and the right side wall of the shell is provided with an upper right boss and a lower right boss; two ends of the clapboard are respectively arranged on the left lower boss and the right lower boss through screws, and the clapboard is provided with a through hole and a limiting ring through screws.
The left upper boss and the right upper boss are respectively provided with two piezoelectric vibrators and two gaskets through a pressure plate and a screw, and the two gaskets are clamped between fixed ends of the two piezoelectric vibrators; the fixing sections at the two ends of the reed are respectively pressed between the two gaskets on the upper left boss and the upper right boss, and a wide spring is connected between the fixing sections at the two ends of the reed through two sections of narrow springs; two clamping plates, a movable magnetic sheet and an inertia block are arranged on the wide spring through screws, the two clamping plates are symmetrically clamped on the upper side and the lower side of the wide spring, the movable magnetic sheet is arranged above the wide spring and is oppositely arranged with like magnetic poles of the fixed magnetic sheet, and the diameter of the movable magnetic sheet is smaller than that of the fixed magnetic sheet; the inertia block is of a T-shaped structure, one end with the smaller diameter on the inertia block is fixed on the clamping plate below the wide spring, one end with the larger diameter is provided with a suspended magnet through a screw, the same-polarity magnetic poles of the suspended magnet and the suspending magnet are oppositely arranged, and the diameter of the suspended magnet is smaller than that of the suspending magnet.
The piezoelectric vibrator is formed by bonding a substrate and a piezoelectric sheet, the substrate is arranged close to the gasket, and the free end of the piezoelectric vibrator is propped against the gasketOn the splint, but there is no interaction force between the two; the piezoelectric vibrator is in a straight structure before and after installation, and the allowable bending deformation of the free end of the piezoelectric vibrator is
Wherein: b =1- α + α β, a = α 4 (1-β) 2 -4α 3 (1-β)+6α 2 (1-β)-4α(1-β)+1，
α＝h m /H，β＝E m /E p ，h m H is the total thickness of the piezoelectric vibrator, E m And E p Young's modulus, k, of the substrate and piezoelectric sheet material, respectively 31 And
respectively, the electromechanical coupling coefficient and the allowable compressive stress of the piezoelectric material, and L is the cantilever length of the piezoelectric vibrator.
In a non-working state, namely when no vibration exists in the environment, the piezoelectric vibrator and the reed are in an original flat state and do not generate bending deformation; when vibration in the vertical direction exists in the environment, the inertia block drives the clamping plate to vibrate up and down; when vibration in other directions occurs in the environment, the inertia block drives the clamping plate to swing; any position change of the clamping plate changes the contact point of the clamping plate and the piezoelectric vibrator, so that the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator and the stress distribution state on the piezoelectric piece are changed, and mechanical energy is converted into electric energy in the change process of the stress distribution state on the piezoelectric piece; when the vibration or swing amplitude of the inertia block and the clamping plate is larger and the free end of the piezoelectric vibrator is close to but not contacted with the limiting ring, the repulsive force between the fixed magnetic sheet and the movable magnetic sheet or the repulsive force between the suspended magnet and the suspended magnet has a buffering effect; when the free end of the piezoelectric vibrator is contacted with the limiting ring, the deformation of the free end of the piezoelectric vibrator is smaller than the allowable value, so that the maximum pressure stress on the piezoelectric sheet is ensured to be smaller than the allowable value.
In the invention, the deformation characteristic of the piezoelectric vibrator is determined by the mass of the inertia block, the scale of the reed structure and the scale of the splint structure, so the fundamental frequency of the energy harvester is easy to be adjusted by the elements and parameters, thereby realizing the matching with the jolting vibration frequency of the ship; the fundamental frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator is far higher than the bumping vibration frequency of the ship, so that the piezoelectric vibrator always works in a first-order mode, and the power generation effect is good; in addition, the piezoelectric vibrator only bears the unidirectional excitation of the inertia block and the clamping plate during working, the piezoelectric sheet bears the compressive stress in the excitation direction, and the piezoelectric vibrator does not have tensile stress or has smaller tensile stress when being restored and deformed by the elastic force of the piezoelectric vibrator, so the reliability is high.
Advantages and features: the device can collect the jolt and vibration energy power generation in any direction when the ship sails, and has strong environmental adaptability; the piezoelectric vibrator has no additional mass and high fundamental frequency, can ensure that the piezoelectric vibrator works in a first-order mode, has good power generation effect, and the system fundamental frequency is easy to adjust through the structure scale of the inertia block and the reed; in operation, the piezoelectric vibrator only bears unidirectional excitation and generates unidirectional bending deformation, and the piezoelectric sheet only bears compressive stress or bears less tensile stress, so the reliability is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an energy harvester according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 isbase:Sub>A sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
figure 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a reed in a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
An upper cover b is installed at the end part of the side wall of the shell a through a screw, a fixed magnetic sheet x and a limiting ring z are installed on the lower surface of the upper cover b through a screw, and the limiting ring z is made of rubber; a circuit board c and a suspension magnet d are mounted on the bottom wall a1 of the shell a through screws, and the suspension magnet d is circular; the circuit board c is provided with an energy conversion circuit and a signal transmitting system; a left side wall a2 of the shell a is provided with a left upper boss a3 and a left lower boss a4, and a right side wall a2' of the shell a is provided with a right upper boss a3' and a right lower boss a4'; two ends of the partition board t are respectively arranged on the left lower boss a4 and the right lower boss a4' through screws, and the partition board t is provided with a through hole and a limiting ring z through screws.
The left upper boss a3 and the right upper boss a3' are both provided with two piezoelectric vibrators f and two gaskets g through a pressure plate e and screws, and the two gaskets g are clamped between the fixed ends of the two piezoelectric vibrators f; the fixing sections h1 at the two ends of the reed h are respectively pressed between the two gaskets g on the upper left boss a3 and the upper right boss a3', and the fixing sections h1 at the two ends of the reed h are connected with a wide spring h3 through two narrow springs h 2; two clamping plates i, a movable magnetic sheet y and an inertia block j are arranged on the wide spring h3 through screws, the two clamping plates i are symmetrically clamped on the upper side and the lower side of the wide spring h3, the movable magnetic sheet y is arranged above the wide spring h3 and is oppositely arranged with the like magnetic pole of the fixed magnetic sheet x, and the diameter of the movable magnetic sheet y is smaller than that of the fixed magnetic sheet x; the inertia block j is of a T-shaped structure, one end with a smaller diameter of the inertia block j is fixed on the clamping plate i below the wide spring h3, one end with a larger diameter of the inertia block j is provided with a suspended magnet k through a screw, the suspended magnet k and the like magnetic pole of the suspending magnet d are oppositely arranged, and the diameter of the suspended magnet k is smaller than that of the suspending magnet d.
The piezoelectric vibrator f is formed by bonding a substrate f1 and a piezoelectric sheet f2, the substrate f1 is arranged close to the gasket g, the free end of the piezoelectric vibrator f abuts against the clamping plate i, no interaction force exists between the piezoelectric vibrator f and the clamping plate i, and the piezoelectric vibrator f is of a straight structure before and after installation; the allowable deformation of the free end of the piezoelectric vibrator f is
Wherein: b =1- α + α β, a = α 4 (1-β) 2 -4α 3 (1-β)+6α 2 (1-β)-4α(1-β)+1，
α＝h m /H，β＝E m /E p ，h m Thickness of the substrate f1, H total thickness of the piezoelectric vibrator f, E m And E p Young's moduli, k, of the materials of the substrate f1 and the piezoelectric sheet f2, respectively 31 And
the electromechanical coupling coefficient and the allowable compressive stress of the piezoelectric material are respectively, and L is the cantilever length of the piezoelectric vibrator f.
In a non-working state, namely when no vibration exists in the environment, the piezoelectric vibrator f and the reed h are in original straight states and do not generate bending deformation; when vibration in the vertical direction exists in the environment, the inertia block j drives the clamping plate i to vibrate up and down; when vibration in other directions occurs in the environment, the inertia block j drives the clamping plate i to swing; any position change of the clamping plate i changes a contact point of the clamping plate i and the piezoelectric vibrator f, so that the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator f and the stress distribution state on the piezoelectric sheet f2 are changed, and mechanical energy is converted into electric energy in the change process of the stress distribution state on the piezoelectric sheet f 2; when the vibration or swing amplitude of the inertia block j and the splint i is large and the free end of the piezoelectric vibrator f is close to but not contacted with the limiting ring z, the repulsive force between the fixed magnetic sheet x and the movable magnetic sheet y or the repulsive force between the suspended magnet d and the suspended magnet k has a buffering effect; when the free end of the piezoelectric vibrator f is in contact with the limiting ring z, the deformation of the free end of the piezoelectric vibrator f is smaller than the allowable value, so that the maximum pressure stress on the piezoelectric piece f2 is ensured to be smaller than the allowable value.
In the invention, the deformation characteristic of the piezoelectric vibrator f is determined by the mass of the inertia block j, the structural dimension of the reed h and the structural dimension of the splint i, so the fundamental frequency of the energy harvester is easily adjusted by the elements and parameters, thereby realizing the matching with the ship bumping vibration frequency; the fundamental frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator f is far higher than the bumping vibration frequency of the ship, so that the piezoelectric vibrator f always works in a first-order mode, and the power generation effect is good; in addition, the piezoelectric vibrator f only bears the unidirectional excitation of the inertia block j and the clamping plate i during the operation, the piezoelectric sheet f2 bears the compressive stress in the excitation direction, and the piezoelectric vibrator f does not have tensile stress or has small tensile stress on the piezoelectric sheet f2 when being restored and deformed by the elastic force of the piezoelectric vibrator f, so the reliability is high.
Claims (1)
1. A multi-direction piezoelectricity energy accumulator of formula that sways which characterized in that: an upper cover is arranged at the end part of the side wall of the shell, a fixed magnetic sheet and a limiting ring are arranged on the upper cover, and the limiting ring is made of rubber; the bottom wall of the shell is provided with a circuit board and a suspension magnet, and the suspension magnet is circular; the circuit board is provided with an energy conversion circuit and a signal transmitting system; the left side wall of the shell is provided with an upper left boss and a lower left boss, and the right side wall of the shell is provided with an upper right boss and a lower right boss; two ends of the clapboard are respectively arranged on the left lower boss and the right lower boss, and the clapboard is provided with a through hole and a limiting ring; the left upper boss and the right upper boss are both provided with two piezoelectric vibrators and two gaskets through pressing plates, and the two gaskets are clamped between fixed ends of the two piezoelectric vibrators; the fixing sections at the two ends of the reed are respectively pressed between the two gaskets on the upper left boss and the upper right boss, and a wide spring is connected between the fixing sections at the two ends of the reed through two sections of narrow springs; the wide spring is provided with two clamping plates, a movable magnetic sheet and an inertia block, the two clamping plates are symmetrically clamped at the upper side and the lower side of the wide spring, the movable magnetic sheet is arranged above the wide spring and is oppositely arranged with the like magnetic poles of the fixed magnetic sheet, and the diameter of the movable magnetic sheet is smaller than that of the fixed magnetic sheet; the inertial mass is of a T-shaped structure, the end with the smaller diameter on the inertial mass is fixed on the clamping plate below the wide spring, the end with the larger diameter is provided with a suspended magnet, the same-polarity magnetic poles of the suspended magnet and the suspending magnet are oppositely arranged, and the diameter of the suspended magnet is smaller than that of the suspending magnet; the piezoelectric vibrator is formed by bonding a substrate and a piezoelectric sheet, the substrate is arranged close to the gasket, the free end of the piezoelectric vibrator is abutted against the clamping plate, and no interaction force exists between the substrate and the clamping plate; the front and the back of the piezoelectric vibrator are both straight structures.
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| CN113162472B (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2022-06-17 | 长春工业大学 | Push type piezoelectric energy harvesting device based on magnetic excitation |
| CN113364348B (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2022-12-20 | 浙江师范大学 | Power supply device of tunnel monitoring system |
| CN114050735B (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-06-02 | 浙江师范大学 | Charger capable of generating electricity |
| CN113992057B (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-06-02 | 浙江师范大学 | Contact-separation type friction generator capable of vibrating in multiple directions |
| CN114050734B (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-06-02 | 浙江师范大学 | Piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic composite vibration generator |
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