CN114050355A - Self-identification control battery thermal management device and method - Google Patents
Self-identification control battery thermal management device and method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 claims description 220
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/637—Control systems characterised by the use of reversible temperature-sensitive devices, e.g. NTC, PTC or bimetal devices; characterised by control of the internal current flowing through the cells, e.g. by switching
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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Abstract
The invention relates to a self-identification control battery thermal management device and method, and belongs to the technical field of new energy. The battery heat management device comprises a power battery system, a high-voltage distribution box, a battery management system BMS, a heat management device and a whole vehicle driving system; the power battery system is a heat management object and provides an energy source for a vehicle driving system and a heat management device; the high-voltage distribution box and the battery management system BMS realize high-voltage distribution and battery management; the heat management device realizes the heating and refrigerating control of the battery and can control the water pump to realize water circulation; the whole vehicle driving system comprises a motor and a control system thereof, and realizes the driving of the whole vehicle. The automatic opening and closing of the battery heat management are realized, the battery is in a proper temperature range, the heating management energy consumption is minimized, the purposes of energy saving and consumption reduction are achieved, and the driving range of the whole vehicle is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy, and relates to a self-identification control battery thermal management device and method.
Background
In winter, the performance and efficiency of the power battery are greatly reduced at low temperature, so that the driving range of the whole vehicle is shortened, and customers complain; on the contrary, in summer, the high temperature of the battery can occur when the battery is repeatedly charged and discharged, the power of the battery can be reduced, and the power performance and the driving range of the whole vehicle are seriously shrunk. Therefore, a heat management mode is generally adopted in the industry, so that the battery is in a proper temperature range, the power performance of the battery is improved, and the driving range of the whole vehicle is prolonged.
The problem of poor high-temperature and low-temperature performance of the battery can be solved by adding the battery heat management device, but for a new energy automobile, the energy of the heat management device comes from the power battery, and after the heat management device is added, extra energy consumption of the whole automobile can be caused, the driving range of the whole automobile can be influenced, and customer complaints can be caused. Therefore, although the temperature performance of the power battery is improved, the energy consumption of the whole vehicle is additionally increased, and the improvement effect on the driving range of the new energy vehicle is not obvious.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a self-identification controlled battery thermal management apparatus and method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a self-recognition control battery thermal management device comprises a power battery system, a high-voltage distribution box, a battery management system BMS, a thermal management device and a vehicle driving system;
the power battery system is a heat management object and provides an energy source for a vehicle driving system and a heat management device; the high-voltage distribution box and the battery management system BMS realize high-voltage distribution and battery management; the heat management device realizes the heating and refrigerating control of the battery and can control the water pump to realize water circulation; the whole vehicle driving system comprises a motor and a control system thereof, and realizes the driving of the whole vehicle.
According to the battery thermal management method based on the self-identification control of the battery thermal management device, the whole vehicle is electrified and starts to work, the vehicle enters a non-charging state, and the vehicle is judged to be in a starting state or a driving state according to a vehicle speed signal;
when the vehicle speed is less than or equal to 10km/h, the vehicle is in a starting state, the vehicle is idle for parking or short-time moving due to unclear real intention of the vehicle, the vehicle does not belong to the normal operation condition of the vehicle, and in order to avoid energy consumption waste caused by starting the heat management device, the heat management device is not started no matter whether the battery temperature meets the heating or refrigerating starting condition; when the speed of the vehicle is more than 10km/h, the vehicle is in an actual operation state, and the battery management system controls the heat management device to be opened and closed according to the actual temperature of the battery;
starting and closing the heating management of the battery system in the actual operation state of the vehicle, wherein when the BMS detects that the minimum temperature Tmin in the battery system is more than m ℃, the battery system does not need to be heated, and the heating function of the heat management device is not started; when the BMS detects that the lowest temperature Tmin is less than or equal to m ℃ and the highest temperature Tmax is less than or equal to n ℃ in the battery system;
the battery system needs to be heated, the BMS sends a heating starting instruction to the heat management device, the heat management device firstly detects that the temperature of the current circulating water is T1 ℃ after receiving the heating starting instruction, when the temperature T1 of the circulating water is higher than Tmin ℃, the heat management device does not start the heating function firstly, only needs to start the water pump to heat the battery, and the purpose is to avoid heating in advance and increase energy consumption; with the beginning of water circulation, when the lowest temperature of the battery is the same as the temperature of circulating water, if the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery is still lower than the minimum temperature T2 for stopping heating the battery, the heat management device starts the heating function again to heat the circulating water, and the water pump is continuously started to realize circulating heating, until the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery is greater than or equal to T2, the battery management system BMS sends a heating stopping instruction to the heat management device, and the heat management device stops heating and water circulation to finish heating the battery;
if the battery system needs to be heated, the BMS sends a heating starting instruction to the thermal management device, and the thermal management device detects that the temperature of the current circulating water is T1 ℃; when the temperature T1 of the circulating water is less than or equal to Tmin ℃, the heat management device directly starts a heating function to heat the circulating water, and continuously starts the water pump to realize circulating heating, and when the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery is greater than or equal to T2, the battery management system BMS sends a heating stopping instruction to the heat management device, and the heat management device stops heating and water circulation to finish battery heating.
Optionally, when the BMS detects that the maximum temperature Tmax in the battery system is lower than a ℃, the battery system does not need to be cooled, and the cooling function of the thermal management device is not turned on; when the BMS detects that the maximum temperature Tmax in the battery system is greater than or equal to a ℃ and the minimum temperature is greater than or equal to b ℃, the battery system needs to be cooled, the BMS sends a cooling starting instruction to the heat management device, after the heat management device receives the cooling starting instruction, the temperature of the current circulating water is detected to be T3 ℃, when the temperature T3 of the circulating water is less than Tmax, the heat management device does not start the cooling function at first, only a water pump is started to realize water circulation, and the battery is cooled, so that the problem that the cooling is started in advance and the energy consumption is increased is solved; with the beginning of water circulation, when the maximum temperature of the battery is the same as the temperature of circulating water, if the Tmax is still greater than the temperature T4 of stopping cooling of the battery at the moment, the heat management device starts the cooling function again to refrigerate the circulating water, and continuously starts the water pump to realize circulating cooling, until the maximum temperature Tmax of the battery is less than or equal to T4, the battery management system BMS sends a cooling stopping instruction to the heat management device, and the heat management device stops cooling and water circulation to finish cooling of the battery;
if the battery system needs to be cooled, the BMS sends a cooling starting instruction to the heat management device, the heat management device detects the temperature T3 of the current circulating water after receiving the cooling starting instruction, when the temperature T3 of the circulating water is greater than or equal to Tmax, the heat management device directly starts a cooling function to refrigerate the circulating water and continuously starts the water pump to realize circulating cooling, and when the maximum temperature Tmax of the battery is less than or equal to T4, the battery management system BMS sends a cooling stopping instruction to the heat management device, the heat management device stops refrigerating and water circulating, and battery cooling is completed.
Optionally, during actual operation of the vehicle, based on the mileage of single-day operation of the vehicle and the trend change of the number of times of opening and closing the thermal management device for a single day, it is estimated and identified whether the thermal management device needs to be continuously opened in real time, so as to avoid energy consumption waste caused by opening the thermal management device when the single-day operation of the vehicle is about to end, and the specific method is as follows: the battery management system BMS records the opening and closing times of the single-day battery thermal management device in N consecutive days, wherein the times are respectively N1, N2, N3 and … Nn, and the average value Na is obtained after the maximum value and the minimum value are removed; meanwhile, the battery management system BMS records the vehicle mileage per day continuously for N days, namely S1, S2, S3 and … Sn, and calculates an average Sa after the maximum value and the minimum value are removed; when the vehicle actually operates, no matter whether the battery is heated or cooled, when the battery management system BMS records the number of times Nr of opening and closing the battery thermal management in real time and is more than or equal to Na, and simultaneously when the single-day operating mileage Sr is more than or equal to Sa, the battery management system BMS sends an instruction to the thermal management device to stop heating or cooling the battery, and the two trend conditions are judged, wherein any one of the two trend conditions is not satisfied, and the battery thermal management is opened and closed according to the set conditions during the vehicle operation and is not closed in advance; when the BMS records the opening and closing times of the continuous N-day single-day thermal management device and the continuous N-day vehicle single-day operation mileage, the BMS needs to sum and average according to the principles of sequential accumulation and first-in first-out in a continuous N-day period along with the sequential delay of the vehicle use days, and adopts a method of sequential gradual calculation to eliminate the influence of external factors so as to approach the actual operation working condition of the vehicle to the maximum extent.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the automatic opening and closing of the battery heat management are realized, the battery is in a proper temperature range, the heating management energy consumption is minimized, the purposes of energy saving and consumption reduction are achieved, and the driving range of the whole vehicle is prolonged.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Drawings
For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic connection diagram of a thermal management device during driving conditions;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a battery system heating management control during vehicle operation;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a battery system cooling management control during vehicle operation;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a self-identifying control based on vehicle operating condition trends;
FIG. 5 is a control flow chart of the implementation of the battery system heating management control during the running of the vehicle;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of an embodiment of self-identifying control based on vehicle operating condition trends.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic way, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and in which there is shown by way of illustration only and not in the drawings in which there is no intention to limit the invention thereto; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not an indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The Battery management system (Battery management System BMS) monitors the state (temperature, voltage, state of charge, etc.) of the storage Battery, can provide communication, safety, cell balancing and management control for the storage Battery, and mainly comprises a Battery control unit, a Battery detection unit and accessories thereof.
The heat management control device: and sending an instruction according to the battery management system, controlling the heat management device to refrigerate or heat, and controlling the water pump to realize water circulation and ensure that the battery is in a proper temperature range.
Self-recognition control: and (4) making a control strategy and a method according to the external environment factors or conditions which are automatically identified.
The invention relates to a self-identification control battery thermal management device and a self-identification control method, which comprise a thermal management device and a self-identification control method, wherein the thermal management device is connected with a schematic diagram, as shown in figure 1. The device is suitable for a system for realizing battery thermal management based on liquid cooling and liquid heating in a non-charging state of a vehicle, and comprises a power battery system, a high-voltage distribution box, a battery management system BMS, a thermal management device and a whole vehicle driving system, wherein the power battery system is a thermal management object and provides energy sources for the whole vehicle driving system and the thermal management device; the high-voltage distribution box and the battery management system BMS realize high-voltage distribution and battery management; the heat management device realizes the heating and refrigerating control of the battery and can control the water pump to realize water circulation; the whole vehicle driving system comprises a motor and a control system thereof, and realizes the driving of the whole vehicle.
The self-recognition control method comprises the following steps:
the whole vehicle is electrified to start working, the vehicle enters a non-charging state, and the vehicle is judged to be in a starting state or a driving state according to a vehicle speed signal. When the vehicle speed is less than or equal to 10km/h, the vehicle is in a starting state, the vehicle is idle for parking or short-time moving due to unclear real intention of the vehicle, the vehicle does not belong to the normal operation condition of the vehicle, and in order to avoid energy consumption waste caused by starting the heat management device, the heat management device is not started no matter whether the battery temperature meets the heating or refrigerating starting condition; when the vehicle speed is greater than 10km/h, the vehicle is in an actual operation state, and the battery management system controls the thermal management device to be turned on and off according to the actual temperature of the battery.
Starting and closing the heating management of the battery system in the actual operation state of the vehicle, wherein when the BMS detects that the minimum temperature Tmin in the battery system is more than m ℃, the battery system does not need to be heated, and the heating function of the heat management device is not started; when the BMS detects that the lowest temperature Tmin is less than or equal to m ℃ and the highest temperature Tmax is less than or equal to n ℃ in the battery system (when judging whether heating is started or not, the lowest temperature is judged and the highest temperature is limited, so that the purpose of avoiding the incredible abnormal value of the lowest temperature is achieved, the following reasons are the same), at the moment, the battery system needs to be heated, the BMS sends a heating starting instruction to the heat management device, after the heat management device receives the heating starting instruction, the current temperature of circulating water is firstly detected to be T1 ℃, when the temperature T1 of the circulating water is greater than Tmin ℃, the heat management device does not start a heating function at first, only a water pump is started, water circulation is achieved to heat the battery, and the purpose of avoiding heating in advance and increasing energy consumption is achieved. With the beginning of water circulation, when the lowest temperature of the battery is the same as the temperature of the circulating water, if the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery is still lower than the minimum temperature T2 for stopping heating the battery, the heat management device starts the heating function again to heat the circulating water, and the water pump is continuously started to realize circulating heating until the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery is greater than or equal to T2, the battery management system BMS sends a heating stopping instruction to the heat management device, and the heat management device stops heating and water circulation to finish heating the battery.
If the battery system needs to be heated, the BMS sends a heating starting instruction to the heat management device, and the heat management device detects that the temperature of the current circulating water is T1 ℃. When the temperature T1 of the circulating water is less than or equal to Tmin ℃, the heat management device directly starts a heating function to heat the circulating water, and continuously starts the water pump to realize circulating heating, and when the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery is greater than or equal to T2, the battery management system BMS sends a heating stopping instruction to the heat management device, and the heat management device stops heating and water circulation to finish battery heating. A battery system heating management control flow chart when the vehicle runs, as shown in fig. 2.
When the BMS detects that the maximum temperature Tmax in the battery system is lower than a ℃, the battery system does not need to be refrigerated, and the refrigeration function of the thermal management device is not started; when the BMS detects that the maximum temperature Tmax in the battery system is greater than or equal to a ℃ and the minimum temperature is greater than or equal to b ℃, the battery system needs to be cooled, the BMS sends a cooling starting instruction to the heat management device, after the heat management device receives the cooling starting instruction, the temperature of the current circulating water is detected to be T3 ℃, when the temperature T3 of the circulating water is less than Tmax, the heat management device does not start the cooling function at first, only a water pump is started to realize water circulation, and the battery is cooled, so that the problem that the cooling is started in advance and the energy consumption is increased is solved. With the beginning of water circulation, when the maximum temperature of the battery is the same as the temperature of the circulating water, if Tmax is still greater than the temperature T4 at which the cooling of the battery is stopped, the thermal management device starts the cooling function again to refrigerate the circulating water, and continuously starts the water pump to realize circulating cooling, until the maximum temperature Tmax of the battery is less than or equal to T4, the battery management system BMS sends a cooling stop instruction to the thermal management device, and the thermal management device stops the cooling and the water circulation to finish the cooling of the battery.
If the battery system needs to be cooled, the BMS sends a cooling starting instruction to the heat management device, the heat management device detects the temperature T3 of the current circulating water after receiving the cooling starting instruction, when the temperature T3 of the circulating water is greater than or equal to Tmax, the heat management device directly starts a cooling function to refrigerate the circulating water and continuously starts the water pump to realize circulating cooling, and when the maximum temperature Tmax of the battery is less than or equal to T4, the battery management system BMS sends a cooling stopping instruction to the heat management device, the heat management device stops refrigerating and water circulating, and battery cooling is completed. A battery system cooling management control flow chart when the vehicle is running, as shown in fig. 3.
When the vehicle actually operates, whether the thermal management device needs to be continuously opened or not is estimated and identified in real time based on the single-day operation mileage of the vehicle and the trend change of the opening and closing times of the single-day thermal management device, and energy consumption waste caused by the fact that the thermal management device is opened when the single-day operation of the vehicle is about to end is avoided, and the specific method comprises the following steps: and the battery management system BMS records the opening and closing times of the single-day battery thermal management device for N consecutive days, wherein the opening and closing times are respectively N1, N2, N3 and … Nn, and the average value Na is obtained after the maximum value and the minimum value are removed. Meanwhile, the battery management system BMS records the vehicle mileage per day in N consecutive days, namely S1, S2, S3 and … Sn, and calculates the average Sa after the maximum value and the minimum value are removed. When the vehicle actually operates, no matter whether the battery is heated or cooled, when the battery management system BMS records the number of times Nr of opening and closing of the battery thermal management in real time, and the number of times Sr of operating the battery per day is larger than or equal to Na, and simultaneously when the single-day operating mileage Sr is larger than or equal to Sa, the battery management system BMS sends an instruction to the thermal management device to stop heating or cooling the battery. Therefore, the waste of thermal management energy consumption can be avoided, the maximum energy configuration is realized, the energy consumption is saved, and the driving range is prolonged. According to the judgment condition, when the BMS records the opening and closing times of the continuous N-day single-day thermal management device and the continuous N-day vehicle single-day operation mileage, the BMS needs to sum and average according to the principles of sequential accumulation and first-in first-out in a continuous N-day period along with the sequential delay of the vehicle use days. The control flow chart is self-identified based on the vehicle working condition trend, and is shown in the figure 4.
In conclusion, the automatic on-off of the battery heat management is realized through the invention, the battery is in a proper temperature range, the heating management energy consumption is minimized, the purposes of energy saving and consumption reduction are achieved, and the driving range of the whole vehicle is prolonged.
When the whole vehicle is electrified and starts to work, the vehicle enters a non-charging state, and the vehicle is judged to be in a stop state to be started or a running state according to a vehicle speed signal. When the vehicle speed is less than or equal to 10km/h, the vehicle is in a starting state, the normal operation condition of the vehicle is not met because the real intention of the vehicle is not clear, the vehicle is stopped in an idling mode or moves for a short time, and the thermal management control device is not started no matter whether the battery temperature meets the starting condition of the thermal management device or not in order to avoid energy consumption waste caused by starting the thermal management device; when the vehicle speed is greater than 10km/h, the vehicle is in an actual operation state, and the battery management system controls the thermal management device to be turned on and off according to the actual temperature of the battery.
Starting and closing the heating management of the battery system in the actual operation state of the vehicle, wherein when the BMS detects that the minimum temperature Tmin in the battery system is more than 5 ℃, the battery system does not need to be heated, and the BMS controls the heating function of the heat management device not to be started; when the BMS detects that the lowest temperature Tmin in the battery system is less than or equal to 5 ℃ and the highest temperature Tmax is less than or equal to 30 ℃, the battery system needs to be heated, the BMS sends a heating starting instruction to the heat management device, after the heat management device receives the heating starting instruction, the heat management device firstly detects that the temperature of the current circulating water is T1-6 ℃, when the temperature of the circulating water is greater than 5 ℃, the heat management device does not start the heating function at this moment, only a water pump is started to realize water circulation, and the purpose of heating the battery is achieved, along with the start of the water circulation, when the lowest temperature of the battery is the same as the temperature of the circulating water, the lowest temperature of the battery is still less than the minimum temperature T2 of the stopping of the heating of the battery, the heat management device starts the heating function again to heat the circulating water, and continuously starts the water pump to realize the circulating heating, and when the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery is greater than or equal to 10 ℃, the battery management system BMS sends a heating stopping instruction to the heat management device, the heat management device stops heating and water circulation to complete battery heating. The control flow chart of the heating management control of the battery system when the vehicle runs is specifically implemented, and is shown in fig. 5. Similarly, the battery cooling management is started and managed under the actual operation state of the vehicle.
When the vehicle actually operates, whether the heat management device needs to be continuously opened or not is estimated in real time based on the single-day operation mileage of the vehicle and the trend change of the opening and closing times of the single-day heat management device, and the energy consumption waste caused by the fact that the heat management device is opened when the single-day operation of the vehicle is about to end is avoided, and the specific method is as follows: the battery management system BMS continuously records the number of times the battery thermal management device is turned on and off for 5 days on a single day, N1 is 3, N2 is 4, N3 is 7, N4 is 1, N5 is 2, and after removing the maximum value 7 and the minimum value 7, the average value Na is 3. Meanwhile, the battery management system BMS records the vehicle operating mileage per day for 7 consecutive days, i.e., S1 is 100 km, S2 is 110 km, S3 is 150 km, S4 is 85 km, and S4 is 90 km, and after removing the maximum value of 150 km and the minimum value of 85 km, the average Sa is 100 km. When the vehicle actually operates, no matter whether the battery heats or refrigerates, when the battery management system BMS records the number of times Nr that the battery thermal management is opened and closed in real time, where Nr is 4 and Na is 3, and simultaneously, when the single-day operating mileage Sr is 110 kilometers and Sa is 100 kilometers, it indicates that the single-day operation of the vehicle is about to end, and the battery management system BMS sends an instruction to the thermal management device to stop heating or cooling the battery, so that the waste of thermal management energy consumption is avoided, the maximum energy configuration is realized, the energy consumption is saved, and the driving range is prolonged.
A flow chart of an embodiment of the self-identification control based on vehicle operating condition trend is shown in FIG. 6.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A self-identifying controlled battery thermal management apparatus, comprising: the battery heat management device comprises a power battery system, a high-voltage distribution box, a battery management system BMS, a heat management device and a whole vehicle driving system;
the power battery system is a heat management object and provides an energy source for a vehicle driving system and a heat management device; the high-voltage distribution box and the battery management system BMS realize high-voltage distribution and battery management; the heat management device realizes the heating and refrigerating control of the battery and can control the water pump to realize water circulation; the whole vehicle driving system comprises a motor and a control system thereof, and realizes the driving of the whole vehicle.
2. The battery thermal management method based on self-identification control of the battery thermal management device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the whole vehicle is electrified and starts to work, the vehicle enters a non-charging state, and the vehicle is judged to be in a starting state or a driving state according to a vehicle speed signal;
when the vehicle speed is less than or equal to 10km/h, the vehicle is in a starting state, the vehicle is idle for parking or short-time moving due to unclear real intention of the vehicle, the vehicle does not belong to the normal operation condition of the vehicle, and in order to avoid energy consumption waste caused by starting the heat management device, the heat management device is not started no matter whether the battery temperature meets the heating or refrigerating starting condition; when the speed of the vehicle is more than 10km/h, the vehicle is in an actual operation state, and the battery management system controls the heat management device to be opened and closed according to the actual temperature of the battery;
starting and closing the heating management of the battery system in the actual operation state of the vehicle, wherein when the BMS detects that the minimum temperature Tmin in the battery system is more than m ℃, the battery system does not need to be heated, and the heating function of the heat management device is not started; when the BMS detects that the lowest temperature Tmin is less than or equal to m ℃ and the highest temperature Tmax is less than or equal to n ℃ in the battery system;
the battery system needs to be heated, the BMS sends a heating starting instruction to the heat management device, the heat management device firstly detects that the temperature of the current circulating water is T1 ℃ after receiving the heating starting instruction, when the temperature T1 of the circulating water is higher than Tmin ℃, the heat management device does not start the heating function firstly, only needs to start the water pump to heat the battery, and the purpose is to avoid heating in advance and increase energy consumption; with the beginning of water circulation, when the lowest temperature of the battery is the same as the temperature of circulating water, if the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery is still lower than the minimum temperature T2 for stopping heating the battery, the heat management device starts the heating function again to heat the circulating water, and the water pump is continuously started to realize circulating heating, until the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery is greater than or equal to T2, the battery management system BMS sends a heating stopping instruction to the heat management device, and the heat management device stops heating and water circulation to finish heating the battery;
if the battery system needs to be heated, the BMS sends a heating starting instruction to the thermal management device, and the thermal management device detects that the temperature of the current circulating water is T1 ℃; when the temperature T1 of the circulating water is less than or equal to Tmin ℃, the heat management device directly starts a heating function to heat the circulating water, and continuously starts the water pump to realize circulating heating, and when the lowest temperature Tmin of the battery is greater than or equal to T2, the battery management system BMS sends a heating stopping instruction to the heat management device, and the heat management device stops heating and water circulation to finish battery heating.
3. The self-identifying controlled battery thermal management method of claim 2, wherein: when the BMS detects that the maximum temperature Tmax in the battery system is lower than a ℃, the battery system does not need to be refrigerated, and the refrigeration function of the thermal management device is not started; when the BMS detects that the maximum temperature Tmax in the battery system is greater than or equal to a ℃ and the minimum temperature is greater than or equal to b ℃, the battery system needs to be cooled, the BMS sends a cooling starting instruction to the heat management device, after the heat management device receives the cooling starting instruction, the temperature of the current circulating water is detected to be T3 ℃, when the temperature T3 of the circulating water is less than Tmax, the heat management device does not start the cooling function at first, only a water pump is started to realize water circulation, and the battery is cooled, so that the problem that the cooling is started in advance and the energy consumption is increased is solved; with the beginning of water circulation, when the maximum temperature of the battery is the same as the temperature of circulating water, if the Tmax is still greater than the temperature T4 of stopping cooling of the battery at the moment, the heat management device starts the cooling function again to refrigerate the circulating water, and continuously starts the water pump to realize circulating cooling, until the maximum temperature Tmax of the battery is less than or equal to T4, the battery management system BMS sends a cooling stopping instruction to the heat management device, and the heat management device stops cooling and water circulation to finish cooling of the battery;
if the battery system needs to be cooled, the BMS sends a cooling starting instruction to the heat management device, the heat management device detects the temperature T3 of the current circulating water after receiving the cooling starting instruction, when the temperature T3 of the circulating water is greater than or equal to Tmax, the heat management device directly starts a cooling function to refrigerate the circulating water and continuously starts the water pump to realize circulating cooling, and when the maximum temperature Tmax of the battery is less than or equal to T4, the battery management system BMS sends a cooling stopping instruction to the heat management device, the heat management device stops refrigerating and water circulating, and battery cooling is completed.
4. The self-identifying controlled battery thermal management method of claim 3, wherein: during the actual operation of the vehicle, whether the thermal management device needs to be continuously started or not is estimated and identified in real time based on the single-day operation mileage of the vehicle and the trend change of the starting and closing times of the single-day thermal management device, so that the energy consumption waste caused by starting the thermal management device when the single-day operation of the vehicle is about to be finished is avoided, and the specific method comprises the following steps: the battery management system BMS records the opening and closing times of the single-day battery thermal management device in N consecutive days, wherein the times are respectively N1, N2, N3 and … Nn, and the average value Na is obtained after the maximum value and the minimum value are removed; meanwhile, the battery management system BMS records the vehicle mileage per day continuously for N days, namely S1, S2, S3 and … Sn, and calculates an average Sa after the maximum value and the minimum value are removed; when the vehicle actually operates, no matter whether the battery is heated or cooled, when the battery management system BMS records the number of times Nr of opening and closing the battery thermal management in real time and is more than or equal to Na, and simultaneously when the single-day operating mileage Sr is more than or equal to Sa, the battery management system BMS sends an instruction to the thermal management device to stop heating or cooling the battery, and the two trend conditions are judged, wherein any one of the two trend conditions is not satisfied, and the battery thermal management is opened and closed according to the set conditions during the vehicle operation and is not closed in advance; when the BMS records the opening and closing times of the continuous N-day single-day thermal management device and the continuous N-day vehicle single-day operation mileage, the BMS needs to sum and average according to the principles of sequential accumulation and first-in first-out in a continuous N-day period along with the sequential delay of the vehicle use days, and adopts a method of sequential gradual calculation to eliminate the influence of external factors so as to approach the actual operation working condition of the vehicle to the maximum extent.
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