CN108281735B - Battery heat-insulation system and method for electric automobile - Google Patents
Battery heat-insulation system and method for electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN108281735B CN108281735B CN201810011568.1A CN201810011568A CN108281735B CN 108281735 B CN108281735 B CN 108281735B CN 201810011568 A CN201810011568 A CN 201810011568A CN 108281735 B CN108281735 B CN 108281735B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
- B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
- H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
- H01M10/667—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an electronic component, e.g. a CPU, an inverter or a capacitor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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Abstract
The invention provides an electric automobile battery heat preservation system and a method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of electric automobiles. The battery heating device solves the problems that the battery heating speed is low and the use performance is influenced in the prior art. The battery heat preservation system of the electric automobile comprises a battery heating heat preservation circulation pipeline formed by connecting a motor circulation pipeline and a battery circulation pipeline through a control valve, a range extender circulation pipeline consisting of a first electronic water pump, a heater and a range extender and a temperature controller, wherein the battery circulation pipeline is provided with the temperature sensor and is connected with the motor circulation pipeline through a heat exchanger. The heat preservation system and the method thereof can improve the service performance of the battery in a low-temperature environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric automobiles, and relates to an electric automobile battery heat preservation system and a method thereof.
Background
At present, along with the continuous tightening of national oil consumption and emission regulations, more and more host factories are invested in the development of electric vehicles, and for pure electric vehicles, the battery has the problems of low charging and discharging efficiency under low-temperature environment, great influence on the endurance mileage, the service life and the like of the battery, so that the problem of heat preservation of the battery needs to be solved by heat management under the low-temperature environment, and the battery can be kept to work at the normal working temperature of 10-25 ℃. However, the current mainstream scheme is that PTC heating is adopted, but the scheme firstly needs to consume the electric quantity of the battery, and when the vehicle is cold started in a low-temperature environment, the battery cannot provide enough electric quantity for the PTC heating, so that the sale of the pure electric vehicle is limited regionally, the PTC heating provides heat preservation and heating for the battery, the electric quantity is also consumed to a great extent, the endurance mileage of the battery is reduced, and the PTC heating affects more than 50% of the total endurance mileage in an environment of-30 ℃.
In view of the above problems, the existing chinese patent literature discloses a thermal insulation system and a thermal insulation method for a power battery of an electric vehicle [ application number: CN201110284036.3 ], the heat preservation system includes an air conditioning system, a generator, a fuel engine, a heat exchange system, a temperature sensor and a battery management system, the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature of the power battery, and the battery management system controls the fuel engine, the generator, the air conditioning system and the heat exchange system according to the temperature monitored by the temperature sensor; when the temperature monitored by the temperature sensor is lower than the normal working temperature of the power battery, the battery management system controls the fuel engine to be started, and the heat exchange system transmits heat energy generated by the fuel engine to a battery compartment of the power battery through a pipeline; when the temperature monitored by the temperature sensor is higher than the normal working temperature of the power battery, the battery management system controls the air conditioning system to be started, and the cold-heat exchange system conveys cold air generated by the air conditioning system to the battery compartment of the power battery through the pipeline. Although the invention can enable the power battery to work in the optimal temperature environment all the time, the invention only adopts the heat energy generated by the fuel oil engine to heat the power battery, and has the problems of low heating speed and influence on the service performance of the electric automobile.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electric vehicle battery heat preservation system and a method thereof aiming at the problems in the prior art, and the technical problems to be solved are as follows: how to enable the temperature of the battery pack to reach the normal working temperature as soon as possible in a low-temperature environment and ensure that the temperature of the battery pack is always kept at the normal working temperature.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides an electric automobile battery heat preservation system, includes motor circulation pipeline, battery circulation pipeline, by first electronic water pump with increase journey ware and the temperature controller that increases journey ware and constitute, be equipped with the temperature sensor who is used for monitoring battery package temperature on the battery circulation pipeline, a serial communication port, increase journey ware circulation pipeline and pass through heat exchanger and motor circulation pipeline connection, the heater of still having arranged between journey ware and the heat exchanger increases, the temperature controller is according to the battery package temperature that temperature sensor monitored, and control increases journey ware and heater and open and stop, motor circulation pipeline passes through the control valve hookup with battery circulation pipeline, the temperature controller is according to the battery package temperature that temperature sensor monitored, and control valve switch-on or disconnection motor circulation pipeline and battery circulation pipeline.
The working principle of the battery heat-insulation system of the electric automobile is as follows: when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the battery pack is lower than the normal working temperature, namely, when the battery pack is in cold start, the temperature controller controls the stroke extender to work, the stroke extender generates electricity and generates heat, the circulating pipeline of the stroke extender is heated, meanwhile, the first electronic water pump and the heater are in a working state by the output power of the stroke extender, meanwhile, the control valve connected between the motor circulating pipeline and the battery circulating pipeline is controlled to be communicated, so that the battery heating and heat preservation circulating pipeline is formed, at the moment, the heater and the stroke extender jointly heat the circulating pipeline of the stroke extender, the heated water heats the battery heating and heat preservation circulating pipeline through the heat exchanger, in the process, the heater and the stroke extender jointly work, the heating speed of the battery pack is higher, the temperature of the battery pack can be effectively enabled to reach the normal working temperature, the working efficiency and the service performance of the battery are effectively improved, and in the process, the battery pack is not required to discharge, and the problem that the low-temperature start affects the service life of the battery is solved.
When battery package temperature reached normal operating temperature, battery package and motor electrical apparatus began work, and in-process battery package and motor electrical apparatus generate heat, and control increases journey ware and heater stop work, and this in-process, self heat production through battery package and motor electrical apparatus keeps warm to battery heating heat preservation circulation pipeline to make the battery package keep at normal operating temperature, perhaps the battery package adopts the battery circulation pipeline of self to keep warm, keeps warm through the calorific capacity of battery package work itself promptly. The motor circulation pipeline is connected with the range extender circulation pipeline through the heat exchanger, the battery circulation pipeline is connected with the motor circulation pipeline, and in the connection mode, when the water temperature on the motor circulation pipeline is too high, the connection with the battery circulation pipeline is disconnected through the control valve, so that the heating temperature of the battery pack is prevented from exceeding the normal working temperature, and the temperature of the battery pack is guaranteed to be kept at the normal working temperature. The electric automobile battery heat preservation system controls whether the heater and the range extender work or not according to the temperature condition of the battery pack, so that the temperature of the battery pack can be quickly increased to the normal working temperature and always kept at the normal working temperature, the service life and the service performance of the battery are improved, meanwhile, the energy is reasonably utilized, and the energy consumption is effectively saved.
In the above-mentioned electric automobile battery heat preservation system, the motor circulation pipeline includes second electronic water pump, motor electrical apparatus and the motor radiator that arranges in proper order on the pipeline, the cold side of heat exchanger couples between motor electrical apparatus and motor radiator, the hot side of heat exchanger is connected between first electronic water pump and heater. When motor circulation pipeline's high temperature or motor electrical apparatus temperature are higher, can dispel the heat through the motor circulation pipeline of self, when guaranteeing that battery package temperature can keep normal operating temperature, can also improve electric automobile's working property.
In the above-mentioned battery heat insulation system for the electric vehicle, the battery circulation pipeline includes a third electronic water pump, a battery pack, a cooler and a battery radiator, the control valve includes a three-way valve and a four-way valve, three interfaces of the three-way valve are respectively connected with the cold side of the heat exchanger, the motor radiator and the third electronic water pump, four interfaces of the four-way valve are respectively connected with the battery pack, the battery radiator, the cooler and the second electronic water pump, the third electronic water pump is sequentially communicated with the battery pack, the four-way valve and the cooler to form a first battery circulation pipeline, and the third electronic water pump is sequentially connected with the battery pack, the four-way valve and the battery radiator to form a second battery circulation pipeline. When the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the normal working temperature, the first circulation pipeline or the second circulation pipeline of the battery can be used for heat dissipation, the working temperature of the battery pack can be kept at the normal working temperature, and the use performance of the battery pack is effectively improved. The cooler is connected with an air conditioning system of the vehicle, and the cooling purpose is achieved through heat exchange between the cooling liquid and the refrigerant.
In the above-mentioned battery heat preservation system for the electric vehicle, the battery heating heat preservation circulation pipeline includes a third electronic water pump, a battery pack, a four-way valve, a second electronic water pump, a motor electric appliance, a heat exchanger and a three-way valve that are arranged on the pipeline in sequence. The connection of the interface of the battery pack and the second electronic water pump in the four-way valve and the connection of the interface of the heat exchanger and the third electronic water pump in the three-way valve are realized, the battery pack is heated and insulated through the battery heating and heat insulation circulating pipeline, the battery heating and heat insulation circulating pipeline can heat and insulate the battery pack after the water heated by the range extender and the heater is converted through the heat exchanger, when the motor electrical appliance and the battery pack are started to work through the pipeline, the heat generated in the work of the motor electrical appliance can also insulate the battery pack, the use performance of the battery pack is ensured, the energy consumption of the range extender is reduced, and the energy is effectively saved.
In the above-mentioned electric vehicle battery heat preservation system, the electric vehicle battery heat preservation system further includes a first water temperature sensor and a second water temperature sensor, the first water temperature sensor is installed behind the pipeline of the range extender, and the second water temperature sensor is installed between the heat exchanger and the three-way valve. In the heating process, the temperature controller controls whether the heater works or not and adjusts the power generation power of the range extender according to the water temperature signals monitored by the first water temperature sensor and the second water temperature sensor, so that the temperature of the battery pack can be heated and kept at the normal working temperature, and the service performance of the battery is improved.
In the above-mentioned battery insulation system for an electric vehicle, the range extender circulation pipeline further includes a warm air core and a warm air fan disposed behind the warm air core. The warm air core and the warm air fan are arranged on the circulation pipeline of the range extender, so that the heating requirement can be provided for a driving space, the electric storage capacity of the battery pack does not need to be lost, and meanwhile, the heat generated by the heat exchanger can be used for heat preservation of the battery pack.
In the above-mentioned battery insulation system for an electric vehicle, the temperature sensor is mounted on the battery pack and used for monitoring the temperature of the core part of the battery pack.
An electric vehicle battery heat preservation method comprises the following steps: monitoring the temperature of the battery pack through a temperature sensor; whether the temperature of the battery pack is lower than the normal working temperature of the battery pack is judged through the temperature controller, and the heat preservation method is characterized by further comprising the following steps: when the temperature of the battery pack is judged to be lower than the normal working temperature of the battery pack, controlling the range extender and the heater to work together to heat a range extender circulation pipeline, and simultaneously controlling the control valve to be switched on, so that a pipeline between a motor circulation pipeline and a battery circulation pipeline is switched on to form a battery heating and heat-preserving circulation pipeline, and the battery heating and heat-preserving circulation pipeline is heated through the heat exchanger to heat the temperature of the battery pack to the normal working temperature; when the temperature of the battery pack is judged to be at the normal working temperature of the battery pack, the battery pack and the motor electric appliance start to work, the range extender and the heater are controlled to stop working, and the temperature of the battery pack is kept at the normal working temperature through the battery heating and heat preservation circulating pipeline or the battery circulating pipeline.
The working principle of the electric vehicle battery heat preservation method is as follows: when the temperature of the battery pack is judged to be lower than the normal working temperature, namely cold start, the range extender starts to work to generate electricity, the heat generated in the electricity generation process heats the circulating pipeline of the range extender, meanwhile, the output power of the heater, the first electronic water pump, the second electronic water pump and the third electronic water pump are in working states, meanwhile, the temperature controller controls the control valve to be communicated, therefore, the pipeline between the motor circulation pipeline and the battery circulation pipeline is communicated to form a battery heating and heat-preserving circulation pipeline, the water heated in the range extender circulation pipeline heats the battery heating and heat-preserving circulation pipeline through the heat exchanger, the temperature rise of the battery pack is accelerated, the temperature of the battery pack can reach the normal working temperature as soon as possible, in the process, a battery pack is not needed to provide electric energy for the heater, the first electronic water pump, the second electronic water pump and the third electronic water pump, so that the problem of influence of low-temperature starting on the service life of the battery is effectively solved; when the temperature of the battery pack is judged to be at the normal working temperature, the heat generated by the motor electrical appliance and the battery pack per se is used for preserving the heat of the battery pack, so that the energy consumption of the range extender is saved while the battery pack is ensured to work at the normal working temperature.
In the method for preserving the temperature of the battery of the electric automobile, in the heating process, the temperature controller controls whether the heater works or not and controls whether the range extender reduces the power generation power or not according to the water temperature conditions monitored by the first water temperature sensor and the second water temperature sensor, so that the temperature of the battery pack is kept at the normal working temperature. Through the setting of first temperature sensor and second temperature sensor, can guarantee that the temperature of battery package can remain throughout under normal operating temperature, avoid the heating excessive, make battery package temperature be greater than normal operating temperature to influence battery package life's the condition.
In the method for preserving the temperature of the battery of the electric automobile, when the water temperature Tm monitored by the second water temperature sensor is greater than a safety value or the water temperature Tr monitored by the first water temperature sensor is greater than an upper limit value of the water temperature, the heater is controlled to stop working, and the range extender is controlled to reduce the power generation power. When the water temperature Tm is greater than the safety value and the water temperature Tr is greater than the upper limit value of the water temperature, the heater is controlled to stop working, the heat of the battery is preserved by means of the working heat of the range extender, the safety value and the upper limit value of the water temperature are set, the working temperature of the battery pack can be guaranteed to be always kept at the normal working temperature, and the situation that the service life of the battery pack is influenced due to excessive heating of the battery pack is avoided.
In the method for preserving the temperature of the battery of the electric automobile, when the water temperature Tr monitored by the second water temperature sensor is smaller than the water temperature limit value, the heater is controlled to start to work. The water temperature limit value and the water temperature upper limit value are set, so that the situation that the heater is damaged due to repeated opening and closing of the heater can be avoided.
In the method for preserving the temperature of the battery of the electric automobile, in the process of preserving the temperature, when the temperature sensor monitors that the temperature of the battery pack is at a first normal working temperature, the battery pack and the motor electrical appliance are controlled to start working, the range extender and the heater are controlled to stop working, and the temperature of the battery pack is preserved at the normal working temperature through the battery heating and preserving circulation pipeline. In the process, the heat generated by the work of the motor and the electric appliance is used for preserving the heat of the battery, so that the use performance of the battery pack is ensured, and the energy consumption is saved.
In the method for preserving the temperature of the battery of the electric automobile, when the temperature sensor monitors that the temperature of the battery pack is at a second normal working temperature, the temperature of the battery pack is preserved at the normal working temperature through a first battery circulation pipeline in a battery circulation pipeline; when the temperature sensor monitors that the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the second normal working temperature, the cooler or the battery radiator is controlled to work, so that the battery pack radiates heat through the battery circulation pipeline. In the process, the heat is preserved through the heat productivity of the battery pack, the working temperature of the battery pack is ensured to be always at the normal working temperature, and meanwhile, the energy can be effectively saved.
In the method for preserving the temperature of the battery of the electric automobile, the method for preserving the temperature of the battery of the electric automobile further comprises the step of monitoring the electric quantity condition of the battery pack, and when the electric quantity of the battery pack is monitored to be smaller than a preset value, the temperature controller controls the range extender to work to charge the battery pack. In this process, the range extender works to improve the endurance mileage of the battery.
Compared with the prior art, the electric vehicle battery heat preservation system and the method thereof have the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, the range extender is started to work under low power when the battery is cold started at low temperature, and the electric energy provided by the range extender enables the heater to be in a working state at the same time, so that the battery is heated more quickly, and meanwhile, the battery discharge is not needed, so that the problem that the battery service life is influenced by low-temperature starting is avoided, the problem of short endurance mileage of the pure electric vehicle in a low-temperature environment is solved, and the service performance of the battery is effectively improved.
2. After the battery pack reaches the normal working temperature, whether the range extender works or not can be determined according to the heat preservation requirement and the electric quantity of the battery pack, the electric quantity of the battery pack is not consumed by the working of the heater, and meanwhile, the residual electric quantity of the range extender can charge the battery pack, so that the endurance mileage of the battery pack is improved.
3. According to the invention, the corresponding circulating pipelines are controlled to work according to the detected temperature and water temperature conditions of the battery pack, so that the battery pack is heated and kept at the normal working temperature, and meanwhile, the energy consumption is also saved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a range extender circulation pipeline; 11. a first electronic water pump; 12. a range extender; 13. a first water temperature sensor; 14. a heater; 15. a warm air core; 16. a warm air fan; 2. a motor circulation pipeline; 21. a second electronic water pump; 22. a second water temperature sensor; 23. a motor radiator; 24. an electric machine; 3. a battery circulation line; 31. a third electronic water pump; 32. a battery pack; 33. a temperature sensor; 34. a cooler; 35. a battery heat sink; 4. a heat exchanger; 5. a three-way valve; 6. a four-way valve; 7. a heat dissipation fan.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the battery heat preservation system of the electric vehicle comprises a motor circulation pipeline 2 composed of a second electronic water pump 21, a motor electrical appliance 24 and a motor radiator 23, a battery circulation pipeline 3 composed of a third electronic water pump 31, a battery pack 32, a cooler 34 and a battery radiator 35, a range extender circulation pipeline 1 composed of a first electronic water pump 11, a range extender 12 and a heater 14, and a temperature controller for controlling the operation of each circulation pipeline, wherein a temperature sensor 33 for monitoring the temperature of the battery pack 32 is arranged on the battery circulation pipeline 3, the range extender circulation pipeline 1 is connected with the motor circulation pipeline 2 through a heat exchanger 4, a hot side of the heat exchanger 4 is connected between the first electronic water pump 11 and the heater 14, a cold side of the heat exchanger 4 is connected between the motor electrical appliance 24 and the motor radiator 23, and the motor circulation pipeline 2 is connected with the battery circulation pipeline 3 through a control valve, when the control valve is switched on, the motor circulation pipeline 2 and the battery circulation pipeline 3 are communicated to form a battery heating and heat-preserving circulation pipeline, preferably, the control valve comprises a three-way valve 5 and a four-way valve 6, the battery heating and heat-preserving circulation pipeline comprises a third electronic water pump 31, a battery pack 32, the four-way valve 6, a second electronic water pump 21, a motor electrical appliance 24, a heat exchanger 4 and the three-way valve 5 which are sequentially arranged on the pipeline, a temperature sensor 33 is arranged on the battery pack 32 and used for monitoring the temperature of the core part of the battery pack 32, and a temperature controller controls the range extender 12 and the heater 14 to simultaneously work when the monitored temperature of the battery pack 32 is lower than the normal working temperature according to the temperature of the battery pack 32 monitored by the temperature sensor 33, so that the battery pack 32 is heated to the; when the monitored temperature of the battery pack 32 is at the normal working temperature, the range extender 12 and the heater 14 are controlled to stop working, and the battery pack 32 is kept at the normal working temperature through the battery heating and heat preservation circulation pipeline or the battery circulation pipeline 3. Three interfaces of the three-way valve 5 are respectively connected with the cold side of the heat exchanger 4, the motor radiator 23 and the third electronic water pump 31, and four interfaces of the four-way valve 6 are respectively connected with the battery pack 32, the battery radiator 35, the cooler 34 and the second electronic water pump 21.
The range extender 12 is an integrated assembly of a small engine and a generator, and is equivalent to a small generator, and the range extender 12 has the selected power within 25kw and is convenient to place.
The third electronic water pump 31 is sequentially communicated with the battery pack 32, the four-way valve 6 and the cooler 34 to form a first battery circulation pipeline, and the third electronic water pump 31 is sequentially connected with the battery pack 32, the four-way valve 6 and the battery radiator 35 to form a second battery circulation pipeline. When the temperature of the battery pack 32 is higher than the normal working temperature, the heat can be dissipated through the first battery circulation pipeline or the second battery circulation pipeline, so that the working temperature of the battery pack 32 can be kept at the normal working temperature, and the use performance of the battery pack 32 is effectively improved. The cooler 34 is connected to an air conditioning system of the vehicle itself, and achieves cooling by exchanging heat between the coolant and the refrigerant.
As a preferable scheme, the electric vehicle battery heat preservation system further comprises a first water temperature sensor 13 and a second water temperature sensor 22, wherein the first water temperature sensor 13 is installed behind a pipeline of the range extender 12 and is used for monitoring the outlet water temperature of the range extender 12; and a second water temperature sensor 22 is arranged between the heat exchanger 4 and the three-way valve 5 and used for monitoring the water temperature on the battery heating and heat preservation circulating pipeline. In the heating process, the temperature controller controls whether the heater 14 works or not and adjusts the power generation power of the range extender 12 according to the water temperature signals monitored by the first water temperature sensor 13 and the second water temperature sensor 22, so that the temperature of the battery pack 32 can be heated and kept at the normal working temperature, and the service performance of the battery is improved.
Preferably, the range extender circulation pipeline 1 further comprises a warm air core 15 and a warm air fan 16 arranged behind the warm air core 15. The warm air core 15 and the warm air fan 16 are arranged on the range extender circulation pipeline 1, so that the heating requirement can be provided for a driving space, the electric storage capacity of the battery pack 32 does not need to be consumed, and meanwhile, the heat generated by the range extender can be used for heat preservation of the battery pack 32.
The heat preservation method of the battery of the electric automobile comprises the following steps: monitoring the temperature of the battery pack 32 by the temperature sensor 33; judging whether the temperature of the battery pack 32 is lower than the normal working temperature of the battery pack 32 through a temperature controller, controlling the range extender 12 and the heater 14 to work together to heat the range extender circulation pipeline 1 when the temperature of the battery pack 32 is lower than the normal working temperature of the battery pack 32, and controlling the control valve to be switched on at the same time, so that a pipeline between the motor circulation pipeline 2 and the battery circulation pipeline 3 is switched on to form a battery heating and heat-preserving circulation pipeline, heating the battery heating and heat-preserving circulation pipeline through the heat exchanger 4, and heating the temperature of the battery pack 32 to the normal working temperature; when the temperature of the battery pack 32 is judged to be at the normal working temperature of the battery pack 32, the battery pack 32 and the motor electric appliance 24 start to work, the range extender 12 and the heater 14 are controlled to stop working, and the temperature of the battery pack 32 is kept at the normal working temperature through the battery heating and heat preservation circulation pipeline or the battery circulation pipeline 3.
Preferably, during the heating process, the thermostat controls whether the heater 14 is operated or not and controls whether the range extender 12 reduces the power generation power according to the water temperature detected by the first water temperature sensor 13 and the second water temperature sensor 22, so as to keep the temperature of the battery pack 32 at the normal operating temperature. Through the setting of first temperature sensor 13 and second temperature sensor 22, can guarantee that the temperature of battery package 32 can remain throughout under normal operating temperature, avoid the heating excessive, make battery package 32 temperature be greater than normal operating temperature to influence battery package 32 life's the condition.
When the water temperature Tm monitored by the second water temperature sensor 22 is greater than a safety value or the water temperature Tr monitored by the first water temperature sensor 13 is greater than an upper limit value of the water temperature, controlling the heater 14 to stop working and controlling the range extender 12 to reduce the power generation power; when the water temperature Tr monitored by the second water temperature sensor 22 is less than the water temperature limit value, the heater 14 is controlled to start operating. When the water temperature Tm is greater than the safety value and the water temperature Tr is greater than the upper limit value of the water temperature, the heater 14 is controlled to stop working, the heat of the battery is preserved by the working heat of the range extender 12, the safety value and the upper limit value of the water temperature are set, the working temperature of the battery pack 32 can be always kept at the normal working temperature, and the situation that the service life of the battery pack 32 is influenced due to excessive heating of the battery pack 32 is avoided.
Preferably, the safety value may be set to 30 ℃ to ensure that the operating temperature of the battery pack 32 can be kept at 30 ℃ all the time, and the upper limit value of the water temperature may be set to 80 ℃ to ensure that the battery pack 32 is not overheated to affect the service life of the battery pack 32 when the battery pack 32 can be heated to the normal operating temperature. The water temperature limit value can be set to 60 ℃, and the water temperature limit value and the water temperature upper limit value are set, so that the situation that the heater 14 is damaged due to repeated opening and closing of the heater 14 can be avoided.
Preferably, in the heat preservation process, when the temperature sensor 33 monitors that the temperature of the battery pack 32 is at a first normal working temperature, the battery pack 32 and the motor electrical appliance 24 are controlled to start working, the range extender 12 and the heater 14 are controlled to stop working, and the temperature of the battery pack 32 is preserved at the normal working temperature through a battery heating and heat preservation circulating pipeline; when the temperature sensor 33 monitors that the temperature of the battery pack 32 is at the second normal working temperature, the temperature of the battery pack 32 is kept at the normal working temperature through the first battery circulation pipeline in the battery circulation pipeline 3; when the temperature sensor 33 detects that the temperature of the battery pack 32 is higher than the second normal operating temperature, the cooler 34 or the battery radiator 35 is controlled to operate, so that the battery pack 32 performs a heat dissipation cycle through the battery circulation pipeline 3. In the process, the heat generated by the operation of the motor electric appliance 24 or the heat generated by the operation of the battery pack 32 keeps the temperature of the battery, so that the use performance of the battery pack 32 is ensured, and the energy consumption is saved.
Preferably, the method for preserving the temperature of the battery of the electric vehicle further includes monitoring the electric quantity of the battery pack 32, and when the electric quantity of the battery pack 32 is monitored to be smaller than a preset value, the temperature controller controls the range extender 12 to work to charge the battery pack 32. In this process, the range extender 12 operates to increase the range of the battery.
As shown in fig. 1, the specific connection relationship of the battery thermal insulation system of the electric vehicle is as follows: the range extender circulating pipeline 1 comprises a first electronic water pump 11, a range extender 12, a heater 14, a warm air core 15 and a heat side pipe of the heat exchanger 4 which are connected in sequence, and a first water temperature sensor 13 is arranged behind the range extender 12 and used for detecting the water outlet temperature of the range extender 12; the motor circulation pipeline 2 comprises a second electronic water pump 21, a motor electric appliance 24, a cold side pipe of the heat exchanger 4, an interface a and an interface b of the three-way valve 5 and a motor radiator 23 which are connected in sequence, and a second water temperature sensor 22 is arranged between the heat exchanger 4 and the three-way valve 5; the battery circulation pipeline 3 comprises a first battery circulation pipeline formed by sequentially connecting a third electronic water pump 31, a battery pack 32, an interface a and an interface c of the four-way valve 6 and a cooling pipe, a second battery circulation pipeline formed by sequentially connecting the third electronic water pump 31, the battery pack 32, an interface a and an interface d of the four-way valve 6 and a battery radiator 35, an interface b of the three-way valve 5 is connected with the third electronic water pump 31, wherein a temperature sensor 33 is arranged on the battery pack 32 and used for detecting the temperature of the core part of the battery pack 32; when the interface a and the interface b of the three-way valve 5 are communicated and the interface a and the interface b of the four-way valve 6 are communicated, the third electronic water pump 31, the battery pack 32, the four-way valve 6, the second electronic water pump 21, the motor electric appliance 24, the heat exchanger 4 and the three-way valve 5 are sequentially communicated to form a battery heating and heat-preserving circulation pipeline. Wherein, a warm air fan 16 is arranged behind the warm air core 15 for sucking air and improving warm air effect, and a heat radiation fan 7 is arranged behind the motor radiator 23 and the battery radiator 35 for sucking air and improving heat radiation effect.
The working principle of the electric vehicle battery heat preservation method is as follows: the normal operating temperature of the battery pack 32 may be set to greater than 10 c and less than or equal to 25 c. When the temperature Tb monitored by a temperature sensor 33 arranged on a battery pack 32 is less than or equal to 10 ℃, the battery pack 32 is judged to be in a low-temperature environment, at the moment, an interface a of a temperature controller control three-way valve 5 is communicated with an interface b, an interface a of a four-way valve 6 is communicated with an interface b to form a battery heating and heat-preserving circulation pipeline, when the Tb is less than or equal to 10 ℃, namely the battery pack 32 is in a cold starting state, the temperature controller controls a range extender 12 to work under low power, the range extender 12 is controlled to work under low power, energy can be fully utilized, as the battery pack 32 can influence the service life of the battery pack 32 in charge and discharge under the low-temperature environment, the low-power work can avoid excessive power generation and the condition of energy waste caused by the fact that the battery pack 32 cannot be charged, the range extender 12 generates power under the low power, the heat generated by the power heats the range extender circulation pipeline, The first electronic water pump 11 and the warm air fan 16 are in working states, the second electronic water pump 21 and/or the third electronic water pump 31 are/is in working states, whether the second electronic water pump 21 and the third electronic water pump 31 work simultaneously or a single electronic water pump is selected to start working is controlled, depending on the value of the temperature Tb of the battery pack 32, if Tb is below zero, the second electronic water pump 21 and the third electronic water pump 31 are controlled to work simultaneously, the heating speed of the battery pack 32 is higher, otherwise, one of the two electronic water pumps works is selected, the heater 14 and the range extender 12 heat the range extender circulation pipeline 1 simultaneously, the heated water heats a cab through the warm air core 15, the battery is heated through the heat exchanger 4, the water on the battery heating and heat preservation circulation pipeline is heated under the action of the first electronic water pump 11 and the second electronic water pump 21, the temperature rise of the battery pack 32 is accelerated. In this process, the heating power of the heater 14 is continuously decreased as the temperature of the first water temperature sensor 13 is increased. During the heating process, when the water temperature Tr monitored by the first water temperature sensor 13 is greater than 80 ℃, namely during the temperature rising process, the heater 14 is controlled to stop working, the range extender 12 works at a low power point according to the power requirement, and when the water temperature Tr is less than 60 ℃, namely during the falling process, the heater 14 is controlled to start working, and the range extender 12 works according to the power requirement.
During the heating process, the temperature Tm monitored by the second water temperature sensor 22 must be less than 30 ℃, when the water temperature is too high, the temperature controller controls the heater 14 to cut off the work and simultaneously reduces the power generation of the range extender 12 to limit the heat generation, so that the temperature of the battery pack 32 can be heated and kept at the normal working temperature.
When the temperature Tb of the battery pack 32 monitored by the temperature sensor 33 is greater than 10 ℃ and less than or equal to 20 ℃, the temperature controller controls the battery pack 32 and the motor electric appliance 24 to start working, the range extender 12 is controlled to stop working, the heater 14 works according to the heating requirement in the cab, and in the process, the battery pack 32 is kept warm through the heat generated by the working of the motor electric appliance 24 and the residual capacity after heating, so that the energy is reasonably utilized, and the energy is effectively saved. In the process, the second water temperature sensor 22 monitors the temperature Tm on the heating circulation pipeline of the battery in real time, the Tm value of the temperature Tm is required to be less than 30 ℃, and when the Tm is more than 30 ℃, heating is limited or driving power is limited so as to limit heating.
When the temperature of the battery pack 32 is higher than 20 ℃ and lower than or equal to 25 ℃, the control valve is controlled to disconnect the pipeline between the motor circulation pipeline 2 and the battery circulation pipeline 3, the first battery circulation pipeline is adopted to preserve the heat of the battery pack 32, and in the process, only the heat generated by the battery pack 32 during working on the first battery circulation pipeline is used for preserving the heat of the battery pack 32. And when Tb is higher than 25 ℃, controlling the battery pack 32 to enter a heat dissipation cycle, namely controlling the cooler 34 to start or the battery radiator 35 to start, and dissipating heat of the battery pack 32 through the first battery circulation pipeline or the second battery circulation pipeline.
When the electric quantity of the battery pack 32 is too low, if the SOC is less than or equal to 30%, the range extender mode is entered, the range extender 12 is always in a working state, in the state, the range extender 12 generates electricity to provide electric energy for the battery pack 32, the endurance mileage of the battery pack 32 is improved, in the situation, when the water temperature Tr is less than or equal to 80 ℃, the heater 14 is controlled to work for the purposes of heating and battery heat preservation, and when the water temperature Tr is more than 80 ℃, the heater 14 is controlled to be turned off, and the heating and heat preservation depend on the working heat quantity of the range extender 12. In the process, the temperature sensor 33, the first water temperature sensor 13 and the second water temperature sensor 22 detect the temperature of the battery pack 32, the water temperature on the range extender circulation pipeline 1 and the water temperature on the battery heating and heat preservation circulation pipeline, so that the temperature of the battery pack 32 is always kept at the normal working temperature.
In the above processes, the temperature Tm monitored by the second water temperature sensor 22 must be less than 30 ℃, when Tm is greater than 30 ℃, the three-way valve 5a and b are connected, the temperature at Tm is reduced by the motor radiator 23, and the battery pack 32 keeps the temperature of the battery pack 32 through the first battery circulation pipeline.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an electric automobile battery heat preservation system, includes motor circulation pipeline (2), battery circulation pipeline (3), by first electronic water pump (11) with increase journey ware (12) constitution increase journey ware circulation pipeline (1) and temperature controller, be equipped with temperature sensor (33) that are used for monitoring battery package (32) temperature on battery circulation pipeline (3), its characterized in that, increase journey ware circulation pipeline (1) and be connected with motor circulation pipeline (2) through heat exchanger (4), heater (14) have still arranged between increase journey ware (12) and heat exchanger (4), the temperature controller is according to battery package (32) temperature that temperature sensor (33) monitored, control increases journey ware (12) and heater (14) and opens and stop, motor circulation pipeline (2) and battery circulation pipeline (3) are through the control valve hookup, the temperature controller monitors battery package (32) temperature according to temperature sensor (33), the control valve is controlled to connect or disconnect the motor circulation pipeline (2) and the battery circulation pipeline (3).
2. The electric vehicle battery thermal insulation system according to claim 1, wherein the motor circulation pipeline (2) comprises a second electronic water pump (21), a motor electrical appliance (24) and a motor radiator (23) which are sequentially arranged on the pipeline, a cold side of the heat exchanger (4) is coupled between the motor electrical appliance (24) and the motor radiator (23), and a hot side of the heat exchanger (4) is coupled between the first electronic water pump (11) and the heater (14).
3. The electric automobile battery heat preservation system according to claim 2, characterized in that the battery circulation pipeline (3) comprises a third electronic water pump (31), a battery pack (32), a cooler (34) and a battery radiator (35), the control valve comprises a three-way valve (5) and a four-way valve (6), three interfaces of the three-way valve (5) are respectively connected with the cold side of the heat exchanger (4), the motor radiator (23) and the third electronic water pump (31), four interfaces of the four-way valve (6) are respectively connected with the battery pack (32), the battery radiator (35), the cooler (34) and the second electronic water pump (21), the third electronic water pump (31) is sequentially connected with the battery pack (32), the four-way valve (6) and the cooler (34) to form a first battery circulation pipeline, and the third electronic water pump (31) is sequentially connected with the battery pack (32), The four-way valve (6) and the battery radiator (35) are connected to form a second battery circulation pipeline.
4. The electric vehicle battery thermal insulation system according to claim 3, further comprising a first water temperature sensor (13) and a second water temperature sensor (22), wherein the first water temperature sensor (13) is installed behind the pipeline of the range extender (12), and the second water temperature sensor (22) is installed between the heat exchanger (4) and the three-way valve (5).
5. An electric vehicle battery heat preservation method comprises the following steps: monitoring the temperature of the battery pack (32) by a temperature sensor (33); whether the temperature of the battery pack (32) is lower than the normal working temperature of the battery pack (32) or not is judged through a temperature controller, and the heat preservation method is characterized by further comprising the following steps: when the temperature of the battery pack (32) is judged to be lower than the normal working temperature of the battery pack (32), controlling the range extender (12) and the heater (14) to work together to heat the range extender circulation pipeline (1), and simultaneously controlling the control valve to be switched on, so that a pipeline between the motor circulation pipeline (2) and the battery circulation pipeline (3) is switched on to form a battery heating and heat-preserving circulation pipeline, heating the battery heating and heat-preserving circulation pipeline through the heat exchanger (4), and heating the temperature of the battery pack (32) to the normal working temperature; when the temperature of the battery pack (32) is judged to be at the normal working temperature of the battery pack (32), the battery pack (32) and the motor electric appliance (24) start to work, the range extender (12) and the heater (14) are controlled to stop working, and the temperature of the battery pack (32) is kept at the normal working temperature through the battery heating and heat preservation circulation pipeline or the battery circulation pipeline (3).
6. The method for preserving battery temperature of an electric vehicle as claimed in claim 5, wherein during the heating process, the temperature controller controls whether the heater (14) is operated or not and controls whether the range extender (12) reduces the generated power or not according to the water temperature conditions monitored by the first water temperature sensor (13) and the second water temperature sensor (22) so as to maintain the temperature of the battery pack (32) at the normal operating temperature.
7. The battery warming method for the electric vehicle according to claim 6, wherein when the temperature Tm of the water monitored by the second water temperature sensor (22) is greater than a safety value or the temperature Tr of the water monitored by the first water temperature sensor (13) is greater than an upper limit value of the water temperature, the heater (14) is controlled to stop working and the range extender (12) is controlled to reduce the power generation; and controlling the heater (14) to start working when the water temperature Tr monitored by the second water temperature sensor (22) is less than the water temperature limit value.
8. The method for preserving the temperature of the battery of the electric automobile as claimed in claim 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that in the preserving process, when the temperature sensor (33) monitors that the temperature of the battery pack (32) is at the first normal working temperature, the battery pack (32) and the motor electrical appliance (24) are controlled to start working, the range extender (12) and the heater (14) are controlled to stop working, and the temperature of the battery pack (32) is preserved at the normal working temperature through a battery heating preserving circulation pipeline.
9. The electric vehicle battery heat preservation method according to claim 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that when the temperature sensor (33) detects that the temperature of the battery pack (32) is at the second normal operation temperature, the temperature of the battery pack (32) is preserved at the normal operation temperature through the battery first circulation line in the battery circulation line (3); when the temperature sensor (33) monitors that the temperature of the battery pack (32) is higher than a second normal working temperature, the cooler (34) or the battery radiator (35) is controlled to work, so that the battery pack (32) radiates heat through the battery circulation pipeline (3).
10. The electric vehicle battery heat preservation method according to claim 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that the electric vehicle battery heat preservation method further comprises monitoring the electric quantity of the battery pack (32), and when the electric quantity of the battery pack (32) is monitored to be smaller than a preset value, the temperature controller controls the range extender (12) to work to charge the battery pack (32).
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| CN110871712B (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2023-04-25 | 翰昂汽车零部件有限公司 | Thermal management system for a vehicle |
| CN109616707B (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2022-03-22 | 杰锋汽车动力系统股份有限公司 | Low-temperature preheating system for battery pack of electric vehicle and control method of low-temperature preheating system |
| CN109808548B (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2020-07-24 | 宁波吉利罗佑发动机零部件有限公司 | Thermal management system and method of extended range electric vehicle and vehicle |
| CN109878291A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-06-14 | 浙江吉利新能源商用车集团有限公司 | Vehicle temperature adjustment control method and system |
| CN111469714B (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2021-12-07 | 上海元城汽车技术有限公司 | Starting control method, device, equipment and storage medium of extended range electric vehicle |
| CN112467254B (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2022-08-19 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | High-voltage battery heating system and method |
| CN112510292B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-12-03 | 华霆（合肥）动力技术有限公司 | High-temperature suppression device, battery pack and electric automobile |
| CN113675496A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-11-19 | 东风柳州汽车有限公司 | Pure electric vehicle power battery auxiliary heat management system and pure electric vehicle |
| CN113561852B (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2023-07-11 | 岚图汽车科技有限公司 | Energy-saving range-extending PHEV thermal management system |
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