CN114034774B - House structure rapid scanning and flaw detection method - Google Patents
House structure rapid scanning and flaw detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114034774B CN114034774B CN202111328120.0A CN202111328120A CN114034774B CN 114034774 B CN114034774 B CN 114034774B CN 202111328120 A CN202111328120 A CN 202111328120A CN 114034774 B CN114034774 B CN 114034774B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 238000013102 re-test Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/06—Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
- G01N29/0654—Imaging
- G01N29/069—Defect imaging, localisation and sizing using, e.g. time of flight diffraction [TOFD], synthetic aperture focusing technique [SAFT], Amplituden-Laufzeit-Ortskurven [ALOK] technique
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/34—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/346—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor with amplitude characteristics, e.g. modulated signal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
- G01N2291/0232—Glass, ceramics, concrete or stone
Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid scanning and flaw detection method for a building structure, which comprises the steps of preprocessing work, instrument and equipment inspection work, dimension measurement and drawing, wall body external detection, wall body rapid scanning, crack scanning detection, metal flaw detection, one-time retest, final retest and on-site retest and recording, wherein the dimension measurement and drawing work is convenient for timely recording and later detection retest during work, omission is avoided, the work efficiency is improved, the levelness and empty external properties of the wall body are sequentially detected, uniform division and line taking are sequentially measured, the wall body concrete strength is judged, crack detection is carried out, and metal damage is effectively detected, so that the detection work is carried out more finely, rapidly and comprehensively, the effect of building detection is improved through one-time retest and final retest multiple data retest, and the reliability of the identification result of a building is improved through the whole steps.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of house structure detection, in particular to a house structure rapid scanning and flaw detection method.
Background
The natural disasters of earthquakes and typhoons, fires, explosions and other artificial factors have caused different degrees of damage or even destruction to in-service houses, so houses generally need to be detected after being well built or in use, and the quality of some walls and internal flaw detection are scanned. The house detection is to use a certain technical means and method to check and measure the house structure quality and to implement dynamic monitoring, the house detection is also called house quality detection evaluation, which means the process of detecting, evaluating and issuing reports by a detecting unit with qualification, the related detecting technology includes: house detection technology, structure reinforcement technology, engineering detection monitoring technology, national acceptance laboratory and other house detection upstream and downstream technologies are integrated together and can be called as a comprehensive technology of house detection.
In the existing house detection, the house scanning flaw detection and the like are that related personnel directly use an instrument for detecting wall cracks and an instrument for detecting metal defects to directly roughly measure a house structure, the scanning flaw detection method is simple, the house detection effect is not good enough, and the reliability of the identification result of a later-stage building is poor.
To solve the above problems. Therefore, a house structure rapid scanning and flaw detection method is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a house structure rapid scanning and flaw detection method, which is used for carrying out fine, rapid and multidirectional detection and flaw detection on a house wall structure through pretreatment work, instrument and equipment inspection work, dimension measurement and drawing, wall body external detection, wall body rapid scanning, crack scanning detection, metal flaw detection, one-time retest, final retest and on-site retest and recording, testing and knowing the attribute and damage condition of the wall body inside a house, effectively carrying out detection, repeating data retest, improving the house detection effect, and solving the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a house structure rapid scanning and flaw detection method comprises the following steps:
s1: preprocessing, namely selecting a plurality of main walls in a house as target walls to be detected, and removing dust affecting measured values by the walls and residual wall lime impurities;
s2: the method comprises the steps of checking equipment, namely, respectively powering on and off an instrument to be used, observing the brightness and the reaction condition of a display screen, placing a level bar on one surface, observing whether a level bubble in the middle of the level bar is at a correct position, and checking whether a protective garment for flaw detection is damaged;
s3: measuring and drawing the size, drawing sketches of a plurality of target walls in a house on recording paper by using a pen, measuring the size of each wall in sequence by using a tape measure and a mapping instrument, and marking the sketches;
s4: the outside detection of wall body, with the vertical target wall body that is pressed close to of level bar, the level bubble is in the exact scope, and wall body horizontality is normal, and this operation of circulation is measured each target wall body in proper order, detects the wall body and has the phenomenon of slope, and the level bubble surpasses the exact scope, and the wall body appears the phenomenon of slope, marks first mark on the sketch, then the position of each wall is beaten at random to handheld hollowing detection utensil, confirms the number of getting the point by following formula: n=s/2;
n is the number of random points of the wall surface, S is the area of the wall body, and marking circles on the positions of the wall body where hollows appear by using marker pens after hollowing detection is sequentially carried out on each target wall body;
s5: the wall body is scanned fast, the relevant personnel carry out the test flaw detection work of degree of depth after wearing protective clothing, select the sampling area point of target wall body, take the point evenly with 0.8m as the interval, the number of taking the point is decided by following formula: x=l/0.8;
wherein x is the number of points, L is the length of a wall body, a straight line is selected on the wall surface, the straight line is equally divided into x points, the concrete strength condition of each x point is rapidly scanned and tested through equipment for testing the concrete strength, a heavy hammer with standard mass is contained, the heavy hammer impacts a striking rod contacted with the concrete surface under the action of standard spring force and can be subjected to the action of elastic force, the heavy hammer jumps to the opposite distance and simultaneously drives a pointer, a rebound value is marked on a corresponding scale, the hardness of the concrete at the point is directly reflected, the operation is circulated to carry out hardness test on each target wall body, and meanwhile, a second mark is marked on a sketch for the wall body point with weaker concrete strength;
s6: after the detection in the step S5, two straight lines are randomly selected from each target wall body, the straight lines are along the length of the wall body, related personnel sequentially and longitudinally scan the selected straight lines of each wall body through a crack testing instrument, vibration energy is sent out by equipment to propagate in concrete, when the vibration energy passes through a crack, diffraction is generated at the end point of the crack, a diffraction angle has a geometric relationship with the depth of the crack, high-precision sounding of the crack is realized according to the geometric relationship of the diffraction angle and the depth, a signal is transmitted to a host through a color microscopic amplifying probe and an ultrasonic testing probe, the detection value of the width or the depth of the crack can be directly read from a liquid crystal screen of the host, the crack to be recorded is photographed, further archiving is carried out through connecting a computer, the crack detection is carried out on each target wall body through repeated operation, the rapid measurement of the crack of the house wall body is completed, and then a third mark is marked on a larger crack;
s7: metal flaw detection, namely scanning the selected straight line in the step S5 along the straight line by using flaw detection equipment, sending out ultrasonic waves to penetrate into the deep part of a metal material, checking the defects of internal steel bars according to the characteristic that reflection occurs at the edge of an interface when one section enters the other section, respectively generating reflected waves when ultrasonic beams are led into the metal from the surface by a probe, generating pulse waveforms on a fluorescent screen when encountering the defects and the bottom surface of the metal, judging the positions and the sizes of the defects according to the pulse waveforms, detecting the defect condition of steel bar steel frames in all walls, repeatedly performing crack detection on all target walls, and marking a fourth mark on a sketch with severe metal damage after scanning detection;
s8: the first retest is carried out, a worker carries out quick test on the second mark, the third mark and the fourth mark on the sketch in sequence, and after finishing, points which are confirmed to appear as wall damage are drawn by pencils and thickened to be used as marks;
s9: finally retesting, the staff scans the rough marks on the sketch of the step S8 again and detects the flaw, and after the result is obtained, the final problem point is marked by a pencil;
s10: and (3) on-site review and recording, knocking the ring marked on the wall body in the step (S4) by a related staff in a hollowing tool again, confirming the final hollowing condition of the wall body, making a fifth mark on a sketch through a pencil, and finally photographing and preserving some larger damage points of the house structure through a camera.
Preferably, the protective clothing is radiation-proof working clothing, and the protective clothing is a clothing-and-hat integrated type, and the protective clothing protects the health of relevant staff.
Preferably, in the step S4, the number of times of randomly beating each wall surface is 5-8, and detecting hollows on the wall surface to determine the wall cavity condition.
Preferably, the time of scanning detection in the step S5 is 10-20min, the time of scanning detection in the step S6 is 30-50min, the time of scanning detection in the step S7 is 40-60min, and concrete strength detection, crack detection and metal flaw detection are sequentially carried out on the target wall.
Preferably, the time of one retest in the step S8 is 30-35min, the time of final retest in the step S9 is 20-25min, and the accuracy of the fault point of the house wall is improved by one retest and final retest.
Preferably, the surveying instrument is a folding surveying instrument, the camera is a high-definition camera, and the camera is a high-definition camera, so that photographing is clearer and more reliable.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the scheme, pretreatment work, instrument and equipment inspection work, size measurement and drawing, wall body external detection, wall body rapid scanning, crack scanning detection, metal flaw detection, primary retest, final retest and on-site retest and recording are carried out, the timely recording and later detection retest of the size measurement drawing work are convenient to work, omission is avoided, work efficiency is improved, levelness and empty external properties of the wall body are detected sequentially, uniform distribution points and line taking are measured sequentially, a flick rod is subjected to the action of wall body elasticity, a counter weight jumps to an opposite distance to drive a pointer to mark a rebound value on corresponding scales of equipment, the strength of wall body concrete is judged, vibration energy is transmitted in the concrete by utilizing vibration energy to carry out crack detection when passing through a crack, reflected waves are generated by ultrasonic detection of the metal flaw, metal flaw detection is carried out, accordingly, detection flaw detection is carried out more finely, quickly and comprehensively, detection work is effectively carried out, and the reliability of building identification results is improved through the primary retest and final retest multiple data retest.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for rapid scanning and flaw detection of a building structure according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art without undue burden from the inventor, are intended to be within the scope of the novel teachings of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for quickly scanning and detecting a flaw of a building structure includes the following steps:
step one: preprocessing, namely selecting a plurality of main walls in a house as target walls to be detected, and removing dust affecting measured values by the walls and residual wall lime impurities;
step two: the method comprises the steps of checking equipment, namely, respectively powering on and off an instrument to be used, observing the brightness and the reaction condition of a display screen, placing a level on one surface, observing whether a level bubble in the middle of the level is at a correct position, checking whether a protective garment for flaw detection is damaged, wherein the protective garment is radiation-proof working garment, and the protective garment is of a garment-cap integrated type;
step three: measuring and drawing the size, drawing sketches of a plurality of target walls in a house on recording paper by using a pen, measuring the size of each wall in sequence by using a tape measure and a mapping instrument, and marking the sketches;
step four: the outside detection of wall body, with the vertical target wall body that is pressed close to of level bar, the level bubble is in the exact scope, and wall body horizontality is normal, and this operation of circulation is measured each target wall body in proper order, detects the wall body and has the phenomenon of slope, and the level bubble surpasses the exact scope, and the wall body appears the phenomenon of slope, marks first mark on the sketch, then the position of each wall is beaten at random to handheld hollowing detection utensil, confirms the number of getting the point by following formula: n=s/2;
n is the number of random points of the wall, S is the area of the wall, after hollowing detection is carried out on each target wall in sequence, marking circles on the position of the wall where hollowing occurs by using a marker pen, and the number of times of testing the wall in each area is 5-8, wherein a hollowing detection device is a hollowing hammer;
step five: the wall body is scanned fast, the relevant personnel carry out the test flaw detection work of degree of depth after wearing protective clothing, select the sampling area point of target wall body, take the point evenly with 0.8m as the interval, the number of taking the point is decided by following formula: x=l/0.8;
wherein x is the number of points, L is the length of a wall body, a straight line is selected on the wall surface, the straight line is equally divided into x points, the concrete strength condition of each x point is rapidly scanned and tested through equipment for testing the concrete strength, a heavy hammer with standard mass is contained, an elastic striking rod contacted with the surface of the concrete is impacted under the action of standard spring force and can be subjected to elastic force, the heavy hammer can jump to the opposite distance and simultaneously drive a pointer, a rebound value is marked on a corresponding scale, the hardness of the concrete at the point is directly reflected, the operation is circulated to carry out hardness test on each target wall body, meanwhile, a second mark is marked on a sketch on the wall body point with weaker concrete strength, an instrument for detecting the concrete strength is used, and the scanning and detecting time in the fifth step is 10-20min;
step six: after the detection in the fifth step, two straight lines are randomly selected from each target wall body, the straight lines are along the length of the wall body, related personnel sequentially and longitudinally scan the selected straight lines of each wall body through a crack testing instrument, vibration energy is sent out by equipment to propagate in concrete, diffraction is generated at the end points of the cracks when the vibration energy passes through the cracks, the diffraction angle has a geometric relationship with the depth of the cracks, high-precision sounding of the cracks is realized according to the geometric relationship between the diffraction angle and the depth, a signal is transmitted to a host through a color microscopic amplification probe and an ultrasonic testing probe, the detection value of the width or the depth of the cracks can be directly read from a liquid crystal screen of the host, the cracks needing to be recorded are photographed, further archiving is carried out by connecting a computer, the crack detection is carried out on each target wall body through repeated operation, the rapid measurement of the cracks of the house wall body is completed, then a third mark is marked on a sketch, the instrument for crack detection is the comprehensive crack tester, and the scanning detection time in the sixth step is 30-50min;
step seven: metal flaw detection, namely scanning the selected straight line in the step six along the straight line by using flaw detection equipment, sending out ultrasonic waves to penetrate into the deep part of a metal material, and when one section enters the other section, detecting the defects of internal steel bars by the characteristic that reflection occurs at the edge of an interface, when ultrasonic beams are led into the metal from the surface by a probe, reflected waves respectively occur when the defects and the bottom surface of the metal are encountered, pulse waveforms are formed on a fluorescent screen, judging the positions and the sizes of the defects according to the pulse waveforms, detecting the defect condition of steel bar steel frames in each wall, repeating the operation to detect cracks of each target wall, marking a fourth mark on a sketch with metal damage after scanning detection, wherein the time of scanning detection in the step seven is 40-60min;
step eight: carrying out quick test on the second mark, the third mark and the fourth mark on the sketch by a worker in sequence, and drawing a thick point which is confirmed to appear as wall damage by using a pencil as a mark after finishing, wherein the time of the first retest is 30-35min;
step nine: finally retesting, the staff scans the rough marks on the sketch of the step S8 again rapidly to detect the flaw, after obtaining the result, the final problem point is hooked by a pencil, and the final retesting time is 20-25min;
step ten: and (3) on-site review and recording, knocking the ring marked on the wall body in the step (S4) by a related staff in a hollowing tool again, confirming the final hollowing condition of the wall body, then making a fifth mark on a sketch through a pencil, finally photographing and retaining some larger damage points of the house structure through a camera, wherein the surveying instrument is a folding surveying instrument, and the camera is a high-definition camera.
To sum up: the invention relates to a house structure rapid scanning and flaw detection method, which comprises the steps of preprocessing work, instrument and equipment inspection work, dimension measurement and drawing, wall body external detection, wall body rapid scanning, crack scanning detection, metal flaw detection, primary retest, final retest and on-site retest and recording.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although a novel embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A house structure rapid scanning and flaw detection method is characterized in that: the rapid scanning and flaw detection method for the house structure comprises the following steps:
s1: preprocessing, namely selecting a plurality of main walls in a house as target walls to be detected, and removing dust affecting measured values by the walls and residual wall lime impurities;
s2: the method comprises the steps of checking equipment, namely, respectively powering on and off an instrument to be used, observing the brightness and the reaction condition of a display screen, placing a level bar on one surface, observing whether a level bubble in the middle of the level bar is at a correct position, and checking whether a protective garment for flaw detection is damaged;
s3: measuring and drawing the size, drawing sketches of a plurality of target walls in a house on recording paper by using a pen, measuring the size of each wall in sequence by using a tape measure and a mapping instrument, and marking the sketches;
s4: the outside detection of wall body, with the vertical target wall body that is pressed close to of level bar, the level bubble is in the exact scope, and wall body horizontality is normal, and this operation of circulation is measured each target wall body in proper order, detects the wall body and has the phenomenon of slope, and the level bubble surpasses the exact scope, and the wall body appears the phenomenon of slope, marks first mark on the sketch, then the position of each wall is beaten at random to handheld hollowing detection utensil, confirms the number of getting the point by following formula: n=s/2;
n is the number of random points of the wall surface, S is the area of the wall body, and marking circles on the positions of the wall body where hollows appear by using marker pens after hollowing detection is sequentially carried out on each target wall body;
s5: the wall body is scanned fast, the relevant personnel carry out the test flaw detection work of degree of depth after wearing protective clothing, select the sampling area point of target wall body, take the point evenly with 0.8m as the interval, the number of taking the point is decided by following formula: x=l/0.8;
wherein x is the number of points, L is the length of a wall body, a straight line is selected on the wall surface, the straight line is equally divided into x points, the concrete strength condition of each x point is rapidly scanned and tested through equipment for testing the concrete strength, a heavy hammer with standard mass is contained, the heavy hammer impacts a striking rod contacted with the concrete surface under the action of standard spring force and can be subjected to the action of elastic force, the heavy hammer jumps to the opposite distance and simultaneously drives a pointer, a rebound value N is marked on a corresponding scale, the hardness of the concrete at the point is directly reflected, the operation is circulated to carry out hardness test on each target wall body, and meanwhile, a second mark is marked on a sketch on the wall body point with weaker concrete strength;
s6: after the detection in the step S5, two straight lines are randomly selected from each target wall body, the straight lines are along the length of the wall body, related personnel sequentially and longitudinally scan the selected straight lines of each wall body through a crack testing instrument, vibration energy is sent out by equipment to propagate in concrete, when the vibration energy passes through a crack, diffraction is generated at the end point of the crack, a diffraction angle has a geometric relationship with the depth of the crack, high-precision sounding of the crack is realized according to the geometric relationship of the diffraction angle and the depth, a signal is transmitted to a host through a color microscopic amplifying probe and an ultrasonic testing probe, the detection value of the width or the depth of the crack can be directly read from a liquid crystal screen of the host, the crack to be recorded is photographed, further archiving is carried out through connecting a computer, the crack detection is carried out on each target wall body through repeated operation, the rapid measurement of the crack of the house wall body is completed, and then a third mark is marked on a sketch;
s7: metal flaw detection, namely, scanning the selected straight line in the step S5 along the straight line by using flaw detection equipment, sending out ultrasonic waves to penetrate into the deep part of a metal material, and checking the defects of internal steel bars according to the characteristic that reflection occurs at the edge of an interface when one section enters the other section, when ultrasonic beams are led into the metal from the surface by a probe, reflected waves respectively occur when encountering the defects and the bottom surface of the metal, pulse waveforms are formed on a fluorescent screen, the positions and the sizes of the defects are judged according to the pulse waveforms, the defect condition of a steel bar steel frame in each wall is detected, the operation is repeated to detect cracks of each target wall, and a fourth mark is marked on a sketch when metal damage is seriously detected after scanning;
s8: the first retest is carried out, a worker carries out quick test on the second mark, the third mark and the fourth mark on the sketch in sequence, and after finishing, points which are confirmed to appear as wall damage are drawn by pencils and thickened to be used as marks;
s9: finally retesting, the staff scans the rough marks on the sketch of the step S8 again and detects the flaw, and after the result is obtained, the final problem point is marked by a pencil;
s10: and (3) on-site review and recording, knocking the ring marked on the wall body in the step (S4) by using a hollowing tool again by related staff, confirming the final hollowing condition of the wall body, making a fifth mark on a sketch through a pencil, and finally photographing and preserving the large damage point of the house structure through a camera.
2. The rapid scanning and flaw detection method for a building structure according to claim 1, wherein: the protective clothing is radiation-proof working clothing, and the protective clothing is a clothing-and-hat integrated type.
3. The rapid scanning and flaw detection method for a building structure according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S4, the number of times of randomly beating each wall surface is 5-8.
4. The rapid scanning and flaw detection method for a building structure according to claim 1, wherein: the time of scanning detection in the step S5 is 10-20min, the time of scanning detection in the step S6 is 30-50min, and the time of scanning detection in the step S7 is 40-60min.
5. The rapid scanning and flaw detection method for a building structure according to claim 1, wherein: the time of one retest in the step S8 is 30-35min, and the time of the final retest in the step S9 is 20-25min.
6. The rapid scanning and flaw detection method for a building structure according to claim 1, wherein: the surveying instrument is a folding surveying instrument, and the camera is a high-definition camera.
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