CN114034046A - Method and equipment for carrying out industrial kiln co-processing on hazardous waste - Google Patents
Method and equipment for carrying out industrial kiln co-processing on hazardous waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN114034046A CN114034046A CN202111251238.8A CN202111251238A CN114034046A CN 114034046 A CN114034046 A CN 114034046A CN 202111251238 A CN202111251238 A CN 202111251238A CN 114034046 A CN114034046 A CN 114034046A
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- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 194
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010808 liquid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/033—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/10—Drying by heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/60—Separating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/70—Blending
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/80—Shredding
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for carrying out industrial kiln cooperative treatment on hazardous wastes, which is used for treating hazardous waste raw materials; mixing, molding and processing; feeding materials efficiently; the comburent is handled, through categorised to the useless raw materials of danger, dry and shredding and to the useless raw materials of danger carry out the hybrid forming processing, combine the efficient feed mode, make this useless raw materials of danger deal with the in-process at the actual burning, possess higher combustion efficiency and processing effect, the pollution of the useless raw materials of danger to the environment has been reduced, the resource loss of combustion boiler has been reduced, the manufacturing cost of enterprise has also been reduced, the joint promotion of economic environmental protection benefit has been realized, it can't accomplish to carry out categorised drying process to the hazardous waste of different moisture contents to have solved prior art, lead to the hazardous waste that the moisture content is few to appear harmful substance because of being heated the drying excessively, cause secondary hazard, and the raw materials that the moisture content is high can't get effectual drying process, and then make its continuation burning inefficiency, can't carry out the problem of better processing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hazardous waste disposal, in particular to a method and equipment for carrying out industrial kiln cooperative disposal on hazardous waste.
Background
The hazardous waste is one or more hazardous characteristics with corrosivity, toxicity, inflammability, reactivity or infectivity and the like, and the hazardous waste is not discharged, solid waste or liquid waste which possibly causes harmful effects on the environment or human health is treated according to the hazardous waste, along with the development of the society, the amount of the hazardous waste is in a gradually rising trend, the hazardous waste is treated only by the existing constructed treatment facilities and is far away from the treatment requirement, so that the hazardous waste is treated by the technology of cooperatively treating the hazardous waste by an industrial kiln, the energy and resources in the hazardous waste can be effectively utilized on the basis of reducing the construction investment of the hazardous waste treatment facilities, and the production cost of enterprises is reduced;
however, in the current cooperative disposal technology, due to the lack of effective treatment on hazardous waste in the disposal process, the combustion efficiency of the hazardous waste cannot reach the disposal standard in the subsequent cooperative disposal process, which not only affects the normal production of enterprises, but also easily causes the phenomenon of secondary treatment, and the existing hazardous waste generally needs to be subjected to drying treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and equipment for carrying out industrial kiln cooperative treatment on hazardous wastes, which can effectively solve the problem of the conventional cooperative treatment technology proposed in the background technology, due to the lack of effective treatment of hazardous waste during disposal, the hazardous waste is subjected to subsequent co-disposal, the combustion efficiency of the method can not reach the disposal standard, thereby not only affecting the normal production of enterprises, but also easily causing the phenomenon of secondary treatment, in addition, the existing hazardous wastes generally need to be dried, and in the prior art, because the hazardous wastes with different water contents can not be classified and dried in the drying process, the hazardous wastes with low water contents are excessively heated and dried to separate out harmful substances, which causes secondary harm, and the raw material with high water content can not be effectively dried, so that the subsequent combustion efficiency is low, and the raw material can not be better treated.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the method for the industrial kiln cooperative treatment of the hazardous waste comprises the following treatment steps:
s1, processing hazardous waste raw materials;
s2, mixing, forming and processing;
s3, high-efficiency feeding;
and S4, treating the combustion products.
According to the technical scheme, in the S1, the hazardous waste raw material treatment specifically comprises the following treatment steps:
A. carrying out classification treatment;
B. drying treatment;
C. crushing;
in processing step A, the classification processing means classifying the dangerous waste raw materials to be processed, the classification standard is mainly classified according to the moisture content of the dangerous waste raw materials, and the dangerous waste raw materials are specifically divided into low-moisture-content dangerous waste materials, medium-moisture-content dangerous waste materials and high-moisture-content dangerous waste materials.
According to the technical scheme, in the specific classification process, the hazardous waste raw materials are sent into a centrifugal separator, hazardous waste materials with different water contents are separated according to different weights of the hazardous waste materials with different water contents, the hazardous waste materials with low water contents, the hazardous waste materials with medium water contents and the hazardous waste materials with high water contents can be layered in the separator through centrifugal separation of the separator, and then the hazardous waste materials with different layered water contents in the separator are layered and discharged, so that the separated hazardous waste materials with different water contents are classified and stored;
the separation time of the centrifugal separator is 4min, dangerous waste materials with different water contents are classified through the centrifugal separator, water in the dangerous waste materials with different water contents can be removed during centrifugal classification according to the difference between the quality of the water and the weight of the dangerous waste materials, and the water stored in the dangerous waste materials with different water contents can be effectively removed.
According to the technical scheme, in the processing step B, the drying treatment specifically means that the separated dangerous waste materials with different water contents are sequentially dried according to the sequence of the water contents, the dryer selects a vacuum dryer, the dangerous waste materials with high water contents are firstly added into the vacuum dryer for drying treatment in the drying process, the drying time is 2.5min, after the dangerous waste materials with high water contents are dried for 2.5min, the dangerous waste materials with medium water contents are added into the vacuum dryer for drying treatment, the drying time is 1.5min, after the dangerous waste materials with medium water contents are dried for 1.5min, the dangerous waste materials with low water contents are added into the vacuum dryer for drying treatment, and the drying time is 1 min;
in the whole drying treatment process, the drying time of the high-water-content dangerous waste material is 5min, the drying time of the medium-water-content dangerous waste material is 2.5min, and the drying time of the low-water-content dangerous waste material is 1 min;
in the processing step C, the crushing treatment refers to that the dangerous waste materials with the same water content after being dried are jointly sent into a crusher to be crushed, the crushed dangerous waste materials are sieved twice after being crushed, the crushed materials which are not in the specification after being sieved twice are crushed again through collection until being crushed to the standard screening specification, and the small particle size deviation of the crushed dangerous waste materials is ensured.
According to the technical scheme, in the step S2, the hybrid molding processing specifically includes the following processing steps:
a. adding materials and mixing;
b. extrusion molding;
c. cutting into sections;
in the processing step a, the feeding and mixing means that the crushed hazardous waste material and the added material are mixed by a mixer, the added material is added in the mixing process, the added material comprises combustible boiler fuel, straw scraps and a briquette adhesive, and the hazardous waste material, the combustible boiler fuel, the straw scraps and the briquette adhesive are fully mixed by the mixer to form a mixed material;
wherein the proportion of the hazardous waste material in the total mixed material is 55 percent, the proportion of the combustible boiler fuel in the total mixed material is 28 percent, the proportion of the straw fragments in the total mixed material is 12 percent, and the proportion of the briquette coal adhesive in the total mixed material is 5 percent.
According to the technical scheme, in the processing step b, extrusion forming is mainly to perform extrusion forming on the mixed materials after mixing treatment, specifically, the mixed materials after mixing by the mixer are sent into a screw extruder, the mixed materials are extruded to a specified shape by the screw extruder, the extrusion head of the screw extruder is prismatic, and the extruded mixed materials are hexagonal prisms;
in the processing step c, the cutting into segments means that after the mixed material is extruded to a standard shape by the screw extruder, the extruded hexagonal prism-shaped extruded material is cut by the intermittent cutting mechanism, and the cutting frequency of the intermittent cutting mechanism is controlled to ensure that the lengths of the extruded material are consistent.
According to the technical scheme, in the processing step c, when the extruded material is cut into the sectional material with a fixed length, the extruded sectional material needs to be dried through airflow drying treatment, so that the extruded sectional material is solidified and molded, and the airflow drying is mainly performed in the conveying process of the sectional material through the conveying belt.
According to the technical scheme, in the step S3, the efficient feeding means that the processed and molded segment material is conveyed to a combustion boiler for co-combustion treatment, the cured and molded segment material is conveyed by a conveyor belt and subjected to air flow drying treatment, the processed and molded segment material is conveyed to a spiral elevator by the conveyor belt, the segment material is lifted and conveyed by the spiral elevator, a heat exchange cylinder is sleeved outside the spiral elevator, and the heat exchange cylinder preheats the segment material conveyed inside the spiral elevator through heat exchange treatment;
after the screw elevator promotes the section form material, directly carry the material to the feed hopper in by screw elevator, send the section form material into combustion boiler by the feed hopper again to make the section form material directly enter into the boiler combustion chamber, the feed hopper is provided with a plurality of, and the circulation material loading is realized to a plurality of feed hopper, makes danger waste material and combustible boiler fuel burn in coordination in combustion boiler, thereby deals with danger waste material.
According to the technical scheme, in the S4, the treatment of the combustion products comprises slag treatment and gas treatment;
the slag treatment refers to the treatment of slag generated after combustion treatment in a combustion boiler, specifically, slag salvaging treatment is carried out on the slag at the bottom of the combustion boiler through a slag salvaging machine, and the slag is collected in a centralized manner;
the tail gas treatment is to treat the flue gas discharged from the top of a combustion boiler after the materials are combusted in the combustion boiler, after the tail gas is discharged, the tail gas is sent into a heat exchange cylinder on the outer side of the spiral elevator through a pipeline, the heat in the tail gas is transferred into the segment-shaped materials conveyed inside the heat exchange cylinder through the heat exchange cylinder, after the heat exchange of the tail gas, the tail gas is conveyed to a cooling tower through the heat exchange cylinder for secondary cooling treatment, after the tail gas is cooled by the cooling tower, the tail gas is conveyed into an activated carbon adsorption tower for adsorption treatment, and finally, the treated tail gas is discharged by the adsorption tower.
The hazardous waste is subjected to industrial kiln collaborative treatment equipment, and the treatment equipment comprises a centrifugal separator, a vacuum drier, a pulverizer, a mixer, a screw extruder, an intermittent shearing mechanism, a conveying belt, a spiral elevator, a heat exchange cylinder and a feeding hopper;
the centrifugal separator, the vacuum dryer, the pulverizer, the mixer and the screw extruder are respectively connected through a conveyor, and the intermittent shearing mechanism is arranged at the discharge end of the screw extruder;
the spiral lifting machine is characterized in that the conveying belt is connected with the discharge end of the screw extruder, the spiral lifting machine is connected with the discharge end of the conveying belt, the heat exchange cylinder is sleeved outside the spiral lifting machine, the discharge end of the top of the spiral lifting machine is connected with the feed ends of the feed hoppers, the feed hoppers are provided with a plurality of feed hoppers, the feed hoppers are respectively connected through a circulating conveying chain, each feed hopper is controlled by an electromagnetic valve, and the feed hoppers are connected with a combustion chamber of a combustion boiler through a conveying pipe;
the centrifugal separator is used for classifying hazardous waste raw materials with different water contents, the vacuum dryer is used for drying hazardous waste materials with different water contents in sequence, the pulverizer is used for pulverizing the hazardous waste materials, the mixer is used for mixing the hazardous waste materials and filling materials, the screw extruder is used for extruding and molding the mixed materials, and the intermittent shearing mechanism is mainly used for shearing the extruded materials to material sections with fixed length through frequency control;
the conveying belt is used for conveying extruded section-shaped materials, drying the section-shaped materials by combining air flow drying treatment, the spiral elevator is mainly used for lifting and conveying the dried section-shaped materials, the section-shaped materials lifted and conveyed are preheated through the heat exchange cylinder in the lifting process, and the feeding hopper is mainly used for feeding the section-shaped materials into the combustion boiler in an intermittent circular conveying mode.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention can classify the raw materials according to the different water contents of the raw materials in the process of treating the hazardous waste raw materials, the raw materials with different water contents can have different drying time after being classified, so that the raw materials with different water contents have higher drying effect after being dried in different time, meanwhile, the efficiency of drying the raw materials is improved, the phenomenon that harmful substances are separated out from partial raw materials with low water content due to excessive heated drying because the drying treatment time of the raw materials with different water content is the same is avoided, further leading the hazardous waste raw materials to be easy to cause secondary harm influence, solving the problem that the raw materials with high water content can not be effectively dried by drying the raw materials for different time, therefore, the raw material with high water content can have more sufficient drying time, and the raw material with high water content can be fully combusted subsequently;
in addition, by classifying the raw materials with different water contents, the moisture stored in the raw materials can be effectively removed in the classifying process, so that the moisture stored in hazardous waste materials with different water contents can be effectively and primarily removed, and the raw materials have higher drying efficiency in the subsequent drying treatment process;
2. in the mixing and forming process, the hazardous waste materials and the added materials can be efficiently mixed, in the mixing process, the combustible boiler fuel, the straw fragments and the briquette coal adhesive are added, so that the hazardous waste materials can have higher combustion efficiency in the subsequent combustion treatment process, and the hazardous waste materials and the combustible boiler fuel are mixed to serve as mixed materials to replace the traditional mode of respectively adding the hazardous waste materials and the combustible boiler fuel into a combustion furnace, so that after the hazardous waste materials are mixed with the combustible boiler fuel, the hazardous waste materials can have higher combustion efficiency through the ignition effect of the combustible boiler fuel, the hazardous waste materials are converted into auxiliary fuel of the combustible boiler fuel, the combustion efficiency is ensured, the resource loss is reduced, and the treatment effect of the hazardous waste materials is improved;
3. in the mixing process, the straw fragments are added, so that the combustion effect of hazardous waste materials and combustible boiler fuel is conveniently promoted, water stains accumulated in the mixed materials can be further absorbed by the straw fragments, the sufficient combustion effect of the mixed materials is further ensured, the mixed materials have higher forming effect in the subsequent forming process by adding the briquette adhesive, the formed sectional materials have higher mechanical strength and thermal stability by adding the briquette adhesive, the subsequent sectional materials have higher combustion value after being put into the combustion furnace, and the hexagonal prism shape of the sectional materials is combined, so that the crushing rate of the sectional materials is low when the sectional materials fall into the combustion furnace, the sectional materials cannot be stacked after being put into the combustion furnace, and the sectional materials have enough space after being contacted, the oxygen introduction amount is convenient to improve, and the combustion efficiency is further improved;
4. before efficient feeding, the section materials are dried in an airflow drying mode, on the premise of ensuring the forming quality of the section materials, the heat transferred during airflow drying can be accumulated inside the section materials, meanwhile, the heat exchange cylinder is sleeved outside the spiral elevator, so that the heat in the tail gas generated after combustion is conducted and utilized through the heat exchange cylinder, the heat in the tail gas can be effectively beneficial to preheating the section materials, the heat can be accumulated inside the section materials again, the section materials can be rapidly combusted and disposed after being sent into a combustion furnace, the actual combustion efficiency of the section materials is ensured, the treatment strength of a subsequent cooling tower on the hot tail gas is reduced, and the subsequent tail gas can be better cooled;
at the feeding in-process, circulate a plurality of feed hopper through the endless conveyor chain and link to each other, combine the control action of solenoid valve for the feed hopper can make the section form material send into combustion boiler with intermittent type formula endless conveyor's mode when actual material loading, and then makes the section form material can not produce accumulational phenomenon in combustion boiler, thereby has improved combustion boiler's combustion efficiency.
In conclusion, the hazardous waste raw materials are classified, dried and crushed, and are subjected to mixed forming processing, and an efficient feeding mode is combined, so that the hazardous waste raw materials have higher combustion efficiency and treatment effect in the actual combustion treatment process, the pollution of the hazardous waste raw materials to the environment is reduced, the resource loss of a combustion boiler is reduced, the production cost of an enterprise is also reduced, and the economic benefit and the environmental benefit are jointly improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of the handling method of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the handling equipment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
Example (b): as shown in fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a technical solution, a method for industrial kiln cooperative disposal of hazardous waste, comprising the following disposal steps:
s1, processing hazardous waste raw materials;
s2, mixing, forming and processing;
s3, high-efficiency feeding;
and S4, treating the combustion products.
Based on the technical scheme, in the S1, the hazardous waste raw material treatment specifically comprises the following treatment steps:
A. carrying out classification treatment;
B. drying treatment;
C. crushing;
in processing step A, the classification processing means classifying the dangerous waste raw materials to be processed, the classification standard is mainly classified according to the moisture content of the dangerous waste raw materials, and the dangerous waste raw materials are specifically divided into low-moisture-content dangerous waste materials, medium-moisture-content dangerous waste materials and high-moisture-content dangerous waste materials.
Based on the technical scheme, in the specific classification process, the hazardous waste raw materials are sent into a centrifugal separator in the step A, hazardous waste materials with different water contents are separated according to different weights of the hazardous waste materials with different water contents, the hazardous waste materials with low water contents, the hazardous waste materials with medium water contents and the hazardous waste materials with high water contents can be layered in the separator through centrifugal separation of the separator, and then the hazardous waste materials with different layered water contents in the separator are layered and discharged, so that the separated hazardous waste materials with different water contents are classified and stored;
the separation time of the centrifugal separator is 4min, dangerous waste materials with different water contents are classified through the centrifugal separator, water in the dangerous waste materials with different water contents can be removed during centrifugal classification according to the difference between the quality of the water and the weight of the dangerous waste materials, and the water stored in the dangerous waste materials with different water contents can be effectively removed.
Based on the technical scheme, in the processing step B, the drying treatment specifically means that the separated dangerous waste materials with different water contents are sequentially dried according to the sequence of the water contents, the dryer selects a vacuum dryer, the dangerous waste materials with high water contents are firstly added into the vacuum dryer for drying treatment in the drying process, the drying time is 2.5min, after the dangerous waste materials with high water contents are dried for 2.5min, the dangerous waste materials with medium water contents are added into the vacuum dryer for drying treatment, the drying time is 1.5min, after the dangerous waste materials with medium water contents are dried for 1.5min, the dangerous waste materials with low water contents are added into the vacuum dryer for drying treatment, and the drying time is 1 min;
in the whole drying treatment process, the drying time of the high-water-content dangerous waste material is 5min, the drying time of the medium-water-content dangerous waste material is 2.5min, and the drying time of the low-water-content dangerous waste material is 1 min;
in the processing step C, the crushing treatment refers to that the dangerous waste materials with the same water content after being dried are jointly sent into a crusher to be crushed, the crushed dangerous waste materials are sieved twice after being crushed, the crushed materials which are not in the specification after being sieved twice are crushed again through collection until being crushed to the standard screening specification, and the small particle size deviation of the crushed dangerous waste materials is ensured.
Based on the above technical scheme, in S2, the hybrid molding process specifically includes the following processing steps:
a. adding materials and mixing;
b. extrusion molding;
c. cutting into sections;
in the processing step a, the feeding and mixing means that the crushed hazardous waste material and the added material are mixed by a mixer, the added material is added in the mixing process, the added material comprises combustible boiler fuel, straw scraps and a briquette adhesive, and the hazardous waste material, the combustible boiler fuel, the straw scraps and the briquette adhesive are fully mixed by the mixer to form a mixed material;
wherein the proportion of the hazardous waste material in the total mixed material is 55 percent, the proportion of the combustible boiler fuel in the total mixed material is 28 percent, the proportion of the straw fragments in the total mixed material is 12 percent, and the proportion of the briquette coal adhesive in the total mixed material is 5 percent.
Based on the technical scheme, in the processing step b, the extrusion molding is mainly to perform extrusion molding on the mixed material after the mixing processing, specifically, the mixed material after the mixing processing is sent into a screw extruder, the mixed material is extruded to a specified shape through the screw extruder, the extrusion head of the screw extruder is prismatic, and the extruded mixed material is hexagonal;
in the processing step c, the cutting into segments means that after the mixed material is extruded to a standard shape by the screw extruder, the extruded hexagonal prism-shaped extruded material is cut by the intermittent cutting mechanism, and the cutting frequency of the intermittent cutting mechanism is controlled to ensure that the lengths of the extruded material are consistent.
Based on the above technical scheme, in the processing step c, when the material is cut to a section material with a fixed length after being extruded, the extruded section material needs to be dried through airflow drying treatment, so that the extruded section material is solidified and molded, and the airflow drying is mainly performed in the conveying process of the section material through a conveying belt.
Based on the technical scheme, in the step S3, the efficient feeding means that the processed and molded segment material is conveyed to a combustion boiler for co-combustion treatment, the cured and molded segment material is conveyed by a conveyor belt and subjected to air flow drying treatment, the processed and molded segment material is conveyed to a spiral elevator by the conveyor belt, the segment material is lifted and conveyed by the spiral elevator, a heat exchange cylinder is sleeved outside the spiral elevator, and the heat exchange cylinder preheats the segment material conveyed inside the spiral elevator through heat exchange treatment;
after the screw elevator promotes the section form material, directly carry the material to the feed hopper in by screw elevator, send the section form material into combustion boiler by the feed hopper again to make the section form material directly enter into the boiler combustion chamber, the feed hopper is provided with a plurality of, and the circulation material loading is realized to a plurality of feed hopper, makes danger waste material and combustible boiler fuel burn in coordination in combustion boiler, thereby deals with danger waste material.
Based on the technical scheme, in S4, the treatment of the combustion products comprises slag treatment and gas treatment;
the slag treatment refers to the treatment of slag generated after combustion treatment in the combustion boiler, specifically, slag salvaging treatment is carried out on the slag at the bottom of the combustion boiler through a slag salvaging machine, and the slag is collected in a centralized manner;
the tail gas treatment refers to treating flue gas discharged from the top of a combustion boiler after materials are combusted in the combustion boiler, after the tail gas is discharged, the tail gas is sent into a heat exchange cylinder on the outer side of the spiral elevator through a pipeline, heat in the tail gas is transferred into a segment material conveyed inside the heat exchange cylinder through the heat exchange cylinder, after the heat exchange of the tail gas, the tail gas is conveyed to a cooling tower through the heat exchange cylinder for secondary cooling treatment, after the tail gas is cooled by the cooling tower, the tail gas is conveyed into an activated carbon adsorption tower for adsorption treatment, and finally the treated tail gas is discharged by the adsorption tower.
The hazardous waste is subjected to industrial kiln collaborative treatment equipment, and the treatment equipment comprises a centrifugal separator, a vacuum drier, a pulverizer, a mixer, a screw extruder, an intermittent shearing mechanism, a conveying belt, a spiral elevator, a heat exchange cylinder and a feeding hopper;
the centrifugal separator, the vacuum dryer, the pulverizer, the mixer and the screw extruder are respectively connected through a conveyor, and the intermittent shearing mechanism is arranged at the discharge end of the screw extruder;
the conveying belt is connected with the discharge end of the screw extruder, the spiral elevator is connected with the discharge end of the conveying belt, the heat exchange cylinder is sleeved outside the spiral elevator, the discharge end of the top of the spiral elevator is connected with the feed ends of the feed hoppers, the feed hoppers are provided with a plurality of feed hoppers, the feed hoppers are respectively connected through a circulating conveying chain, each feed hopper is controlled by an electromagnetic valve, and the feed hoppers are connected with a combustion chamber of a combustion boiler through a conveying pipe;
the system comprises a centrifugal separator, a vacuum drier, a crusher, a mixer, a screw extruder and an intermittent shearing mechanism, wherein the centrifugal separator is used for classifying hazardous waste raw materials with different water contents, the vacuum drier is used for drying hazardous waste materials with different water contents in sequence, the crusher is used for crushing the hazardous waste materials, the mixer is used for mixing the hazardous waste materials and added materials, the screw extruder is used for carrying out extrusion forming treatment on the mixed materials, and the intermittent shearing mechanism mainly shears the extruded materials to material sections with fixed length through frequency control;
the conveyer belt is used for carrying the section form material of extruding, combines air current drying process to carry out drying process to the section form material, and screw elevator mainly is used for promoting the transport to the section form material after the drying, preheats the section form material of carrying promoting through a heat exchanger tube in the promotion process, and the feed hopper is mainly sent into combustion boiler with the mode that the intermittent type formula circulated transport with the section form material.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for the cooperative disposal of the hazardous waste in the industrial kiln is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following treatment steps:
s1, processing hazardous waste raw materials;
s2, mixing, forming and processing;
s3, high-efficiency feeding;
and S4, treating the combustion products.
2. The hazardous waste industrial kiln co-disposal method according to claim 1, wherein: in S1, the hazardous waste raw material treatment specifically comprises the following treatment steps:
A. carrying out classification treatment;
B. drying treatment;
C. crushing;
in processing step A, the classification processing means classifying the dangerous waste raw materials to be processed, the classification standard is mainly classified according to the moisture content of the dangerous waste raw materials, and the dangerous waste raw materials are specifically divided into low-moisture-content dangerous waste materials, medium-moisture-content dangerous waste materials and high-moisture-content dangerous waste materials.
3. The hazardous waste industrial kiln co-disposal method according to claim 2, wherein: step A, in a specific classification process, conveying dangerous waste raw materials into a centrifugal separator, separating dangerous waste materials with different water contents according to different weights of the dangerous waste materials with different water contents, layering low-water-content dangerous waste materials, medium-water-content dangerous waste materials and high-water-content dangerous waste materials in the separator through centrifugal separation of the separator, layering and discharging the dangerous waste materials with different layered water contents in the separator, and classifying and storing the separated dangerous waste materials with different water contents;
the separation time of the centrifugal separator is 4min, dangerous waste materials with different water contents are classified through the centrifugal separator, water in the dangerous waste materials with different water contents can be removed during centrifugal classification according to the difference between the quality of the water and the weight of the dangerous waste materials, and the water stored in the dangerous waste materials with different water contents can be effectively removed.
4. The hazardous waste industrial kiln co-disposal method according to claim 3, wherein: in the processing step B, drying treatment specifically means that separated dangerous waste materials with different water contents are sequentially dried according to the sequence of the water contents, a vacuum dryer is selected as the dryer, in the drying process, the dangerous waste materials with high water contents are firstly added into the vacuum dryer for drying treatment, the drying time is 2.5min, after the dangerous waste materials with high water contents are dried for 2.5min, the dangerous waste materials with medium water contents are added into the vacuum dryer for drying treatment, the drying time is 1.5min, after the dangerous waste materials with medium water contents are dried in the vacuum dryer for 1.5min, the dangerous waste materials with low water contents are added into the vacuum dryer for drying treatment, and the drying time is 1 min;
in the whole drying treatment process, the drying time of the high-water-content dangerous waste material is 5min, the drying time of the medium-water-content dangerous waste material is 2.5min, and the drying time of the low-water-content dangerous waste material is 1 min;
in the processing step C, the crushing treatment refers to that the dangerous waste materials with the same water content after being dried are jointly sent into a crusher to be crushed, the crushed dangerous waste materials are sieved twice after being crushed, the crushed materials which are not in the specification after being sieved twice are crushed again through collection until being crushed to the standard screening specification, and the small particle size deviation of the crushed dangerous waste materials is ensured.
5. The hazardous waste industrial kiln co-disposal method according to claim 4, wherein: in S2, the hybrid molding process specifically includes the following steps:
a. adding materials and mixing;
b. extrusion molding;
c. cutting into sections;
in the processing step a, the feeding and mixing means that the crushed hazardous waste material and the added material are mixed by a mixer, the added material is added in the mixing process, the added material comprises combustible boiler fuel, straw scraps and a briquette adhesive, and the hazardous waste material, the combustible boiler fuel, the straw scraps and the briquette adhesive are fully mixed by the mixer to form a mixed material;
wherein the proportion of the hazardous waste material in the total mixed material is 55 percent, the proportion of the combustible boiler fuel in the total mixed material is 28 percent, the proportion of the straw fragments in the total mixed material is 12 percent, and the proportion of the briquette coal adhesive in the total mixed material is 5 percent.
6. The hazardous waste industrial kiln co-disposal method according to claim 5, wherein: in the processing step b, the extrusion molding is mainly to perform extrusion molding on the mixed material after the mixing processing, specifically, the mixed material after the mixing processing is sent into a screw extruder, the mixed material is extruded to a specified shape through the screw extruder, the extrusion head of the screw extruder is prismatic, and the extruded mixed material is hexagonal;
in the processing step c, the cutting into segments means that after the mixed material is extruded to a standard shape by the screw extruder, the extruded hexagonal prism-shaped extruded material is cut by the intermittent cutting mechanism, and the cutting frequency of the intermittent cutting mechanism is controlled to ensure that the lengths of the extruded material are consistent.
7. The hazardous waste industrial kiln co-disposal method according to claim 6, wherein: in the processing step c, when the extruded material is cut into a section material with a fixed length, the extruded section material needs to be dried through airflow drying treatment, so that the extruded section material is solidified and molded, and the airflow drying is mainly performed in the process of conveying the section material through a conveying belt.
8. The hazardous waste industrial kiln co-disposal method according to claim 7, wherein: in the step S3, the efficient feeding means that the processed and molded segment material is conveyed to a combustion boiler for co-combustion, the cured and molded segment material is conveyed by a conveyor belt and subjected to air flow drying treatment, the processed and molded segment material is conveyed to a screw elevator by the conveyor belt, the segment material is lifted and conveyed by the screw elevator, a heat exchange cylinder is sleeved outside the screw elevator, and the heat exchange cylinder preheats the segment material conveyed inside the screw elevator through heat exchange treatment;
after the screw elevator promotes the section form material, directly carry the material to the feed hopper in by screw elevator, send the section form material into combustion boiler by the feed hopper again to make the section form material directly enter into the boiler combustion chamber, the feed hopper is provided with a plurality of, and the circulation material loading is realized to a plurality of feed hopper, makes danger waste material and combustible boiler fuel burn in coordination in combustion boiler, thereby deals with danger waste material.
9. The hazardous waste industrial kiln co-disposal method according to claim 1, wherein: in the S4, the comburent treatment comprises slag treatment and gas treatment;
the slag treatment refers to the treatment of slag generated after combustion treatment in a combustion boiler, specifically, slag salvaging treatment is carried out on the slag at the bottom of the combustion boiler through a slag salvaging machine, and the slag is collected in a centralized manner;
the tail gas treatment is to treat the flue gas discharged from the top of a combustion boiler after the materials are combusted in the combustion boiler, after the tail gas is discharged, the tail gas is sent into a heat exchange cylinder on the outer side of the spiral elevator through a pipeline, the heat in the tail gas is transferred into the segment-shaped materials conveyed inside the heat exchange cylinder through the heat exchange cylinder, after the heat exchange of the tail gas, the tail gas is conveyed to a cooling tower through the heat exchange cylinder for secondary cooling treatment, after the tail gas is cooled by the cooling tower, the tail gas is conveyed into an activated carbon adsorption tower for adsorption treatment, and finally, the treated tail gas is discharged by the adsorption tower.
10. Equipment for the industrial kiln co-processing of hazardous waste according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: the disposal equipment comprises a centrifugal separator, a vacuum dryer, a crusher, a mixer, a screw extruder, an intermittent shearing mechanism, a conveying belt, a spiral elevator, a heat exchange cylinder and a feeding hopper;
the centrifugal separator, the vacuum dryer, the pulverizer, the mixer and the screw extruder are respectively connected through a conveyor, and the intermittent shearing mechanism is arranged at the discharge end of the screw extruder;
the spiral lifting machine is characterized in that the conveying belt is connected with the discharge end of the screw extruder, the spiral lifting machine is connected with the discharge end of the conveying belt, the heat exchange cylinder is sleeved outside the spiral lifting machine, the discharge end of the top of the spiral lifting machine is connected with the feed ends of the feed hoppers, the feed hoppers are provided with a plurality of feed hoppers, the feed hoppers are respectively connected through a circulating conveying chain, each feed hopper is controlled by an electromagnetic valve, and the feed hoppers are connected with a combustion chamber of a combustion boiler through a conveying pipe;
the centrifugal separator is used for classifying hazardous waste raw materials with different water contents, the vacuum dryer is used for drying hazardous waste materials with different water contents in sequence, the pulverizer is used for pulverizing the hazardous waste materials, the mixer is used for mixing the hazardous waste materials and filling materials, the screw extruder is used for extruding and molding the mixed materials, and the intermittent shearing mechanism is mainly used for shearing the extruded materials to material sections with fixed length through frequency control;
the conveying belt is used for conveying extruded section-shaped materials, drying the section-shaped materials by combining air flow drying treatment, the spiral elevator is mainly used for lifting and conveying the dried section-shaped materials, the section-shaped materials lifted and conveyed are preheated through the heat exchange cylinder in the lifting process, and the feeding hopper is mainly used for feeding the section-shaped materials into the combustion boiler in an intermittent circular conveying mode.
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