CN114034046B - Industrial kiln co-treatment method and equipment for hazardous waste - Google Patents
Industrial kiln co-treatment method and equipment for hazardous waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN114034046B CN114034046B CN202111251238.8A CN202111251238A CN114034046B CN 114034046 B CN114034046 B CN 114034046B CN 202111251238 A CN202111251238 A CN 202111251238A CN 114034046 B CN114034046 B CN 114034046B
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- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000011278 co-treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 204
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 82
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010808 liquid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/033—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/10—Drying by heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/60—Separating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/70—Blending
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/80—Shredding
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for carrying out industrial kiln co-treatment on dangerous waste, and the method comprises the steps of treating dangerous waste raw materials; mixing, forming and processing; high-efficiency feeding; the combustion thing is handled, through carrying out classification, drying and crushing treatment and carrying out mixed shaping processing to the useless raw materials of danger, combine efficient feed mode for this useless raw materials of danger possesses higher combustion efficiency and treatment effect in actual burning treatment process, reduced the pollution of useless raw materials of danger to the environment, reduced the resource loss of burning boiler, also reduced the manufacturing cost of enterprise, realized the joint promotion of economic environmental protection benefit, solved prior art and can't accomplish the dangerous waste to different moisture contents and carry out classified drying treatment, lead to the hazardous waste that the moisture content is few to separate out harmful substance because of the heated excessive drying, cause secondary harm, and the raw materials that the moisture content is high can not obtain effectual drying treatment, and then make its subsequent combustion efficiency low, can't carry out better problem of handling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hazardous waste disposal, in particular to a method and equipment for carrying out industrial kiln co-disposal on hazardous waste.
Background
The hazardous waste is waste with one or more of corrosiveness, toxicity, inflammability, reactivity, infectivity and the like, and solid waste or liquid waste which possibly has harmful effects on the environment or human health is treated according to hazardous waste, and the quantity of the hazardous waste gradually increases along with the development of society, and the hazardous waste is treated only by the existing established treatment facilities, so that the hazardous waste is far from being treated by the technology of cooperatively treating the hazardous waste by an industrial kiln, the energy and the resource in the hazardous waste can be effectively utilized on the basis of reducing the construction investment of the hazardous waste treatment facilities, and the production cost of enterprises is reduced;
however, the existing cooperative treatment technology lacks effective treatment on dangerous wastes in the treatment process, so that the combustion efficiency of the dangerous wastes in the subsequent cooperative treatment process cannot reach the treatment standard, normal production of enterprises is affected, secondary treatment is needed easily, the existing dangerous wastes are generally subjected to drying treatment, the existing dangerous wastes with different water contents cannot be subjected to classified drying treatment in the drying process, hazardous substances are separated out from the dangerous wastes with low water contents due to excessive heating and drying, secondary hazard is caused, and raw materials with high water contents cannot be subjected to effective drying treatment, so that subsequent combustion efficiency is low, and better treatment cannot be performed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and equipment for carrying out industrial kiln co-treatment on hazardous waste, which can effectively solve the problems that the prior art provides a current co-treatment technology, the hazardous waste is lack of effective treatment in the treatment process, so that the combustion efficiency of the hazardous waste cannot reach the treatment standard in the subsequent co-treatment process, the normal production of enterprises is influenced, the phenomenon of secondary treatment is easy to cause, the existing hazardous waste is generally subjected to drying treatment, the hazardous waste with different water contents cannot be subjected to classified drying treatment in the drying process, harmful substances are separated out from the hazardous waste with low water content due to excessive heated drying, secondary hazard is caused, the raw material with high water content cannot be effectively dried, and further the subsequent combustion efficiency is low, and better treatment cannot be carried out.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the industrial kiln co-treatment method for the hazardous waste comprises the following treatment steps:
s1, treating dangerous waste raw materials;
s2, mixing, forming and processing;
s3, high-efficiency feeding;
s4, treating the combustion products.
According to the above technical scheme, in S1, the treatment of the hazardous waste raw material specifically includes the following treatment steps:
A. classifying;
B. drying;
C. crushing;
in the treatment step A, the classification treatment refers to classifying the dangerous waste materials to be treated, the classification standard is mainly used for classifying the dangerous waste materials according to the water content of the dangerous waste materials, and the dangerous waste materials are specifically classified into low-water-content dangerous waste materials, medium-water-content dangerous waste materials and high-water-content dangerous waste materials.
According to the technical scheme, in the specific classification process, the step A is to send the hazardous waste materials into the centrifugal separator, separate the hazardous waste materials with different water contents according to different weights of the hazardous waste materials with different water contents, separate the hazardous waste materials with low water contents, the hazardous waste materials with medium water contents and the hazardous waste materials with high water contents in the separator by centrifugal separation of the separator, and separate and store the hazardous waste materials with different water contents in the separator in a classified manner;
the separation time of the centrifugal separator is 4min, dangerous waste materials with different water contents are classified through the centrifugal separator, and the water in the dangerous waste materials with different water contents can be removed during centrifugal classification according to the difference of the quality of the water and the weight of the dangerous waste materials in the centrifugal classification process, so that the water reserved in the dangerous waste materials with different water contents can be effectively removed.
According to the technical scheme, in the treatment step B, the drying treatment specifically means that the separated hazardous waste materials with different water contents are sequentially dried according to the order of the water contents, a vacuum dryer is selected as the dryer, in the drying process, the hazardous waste materials with high water contents are firstly added into the vacuum dryer for drying treatment, the drying time is 2.5min, after the hazardous waste materials with high water contents are dried for 2.5min, the hazardous waste materials with medium water contents are added into the vacuum dryer for drying treatment, the drying time is 1.5min, and after the hazardous waste materials with medium water contents are dried for 1.5min in the vacuum dryer, the hazardous waste materials with low water contents are added into the vacuum dryer for drying treatment, and the drying time is 1min;
in the whole drying treatment process, the drying time of the high-moisture-content hazardous waste material is 5min, the drying time of the medium-moisture-content hazardous waste material is 2.5min, and the drying time of the low-moisture-content hazardous waste material is 1min;
in the treatment step C, the crushing treatment refers to that the dangerous waste materials with the same water content after the drying treatment are jointly sent into a crusher for crushing treatment, and after crushing, the crushed dangerous waste materials are subjected to twice sieving treatment, and the crushed materials which are out of specification after twice sieving are crushed again through collection until the crushed materials are crushed to the standard sieving specification, so that the granularity deviation of the crushed dangerous waste materials is ensured to be small.
According to the above technical scheme, in S2, the mixed molding processing specifically includes the following processing steps:
a. charging and mixing;
b. extrusion molding;
c. cutting into sections;
in the processing step a, the feeding and mixing means that the crushed hazardous waste material and the added material are mixed by a mixer, the added material is added in the mixing process, the added material comprises combustible boiler fuel, straw powder and molded coal adhesive, and the hazardous waste material, the combustible boiler fuel, the straw powder and the molded coal adhesive are fully mixed by the mixer to form a mixed material;
the ratio of the dangerous waste materials in the total mixture is 55%, the ratio of the combustible boiler fuel in the total mixture is 28%, the ratio of the straw scraps in the total mixture is 12%, and the ratio of the molded coal adhesive in the total mixture is 5%.
According to the technical scheme, in the processing step b, extrusion molding is mainly performed on the mixed material after mixing, specifically, the mixed material after mixing by a mixer is sent into a screw extruder, the mixed material is extruded to a specified shape by the screw extruder, an extrusion head of the screw extruder is prismatic, and the extruded mixed material is hexagonal;
in the processing step c, the shearing into segments means that after the mixed material is extruded to a standard shape by a screw extruder, the extruded hexagonal prism-shaped extruded material is sheared by an intermittent shearing mechanism, and the shearing frequency of the intermittent shearing mechanism is controlled to ensure that the lengths of the extruded materials are consistent.
According to the technical scheme, in the processing step c, when the extruded material is sheared to the segment-shaped material with the fixed length, the extruded segment-shaped material is required to be dried through airflow drying treatment, so that the extruded segment-shaped material is solidified and formed, and the airflow drying is mainly carried out in the conveying process of the segment-shaped material through the conveying belt.
According to the technical scheme, in the step S3, the efficient feeding means that the processed and formed segment-shaped material is conveyed into the combustion boiler to be subjected to collaborative combustion treatment, the solidified and formed segment-shaped material is conveyed by the conveying belt and is conveyed into the spiral elevator after being subjected to pneumatic drying treatment, the segment-shaped material is lifted and conveyed by the spiral elevator, a heat exchange cylinder is sleeved outside the spiral elevator, and the heat exchange cylinder preheats the segment-shaped material conveyed inside the spiral elevator through heat exchange treatment;
after the screw elevator lifts the section-shaped materials, the screw elevator directly conveys the materials into the feed hopper, the feed hopper conveys the section-shaped materials into the combustion boiler, the section-shaped materials are directly fed into the boiler combustion chamber, the feed hopper is provided with a plurality of feed hoppers, and the plurality of feed hoppers realize cyclic feeding, so that hazardous waste materials and combustible boiler fuel are combusted in a coordinated manner in the combustion boiler, and hazardous waste materials are treated.
According to the above technical scheme, in S4, the combustion treatment includes slag treatment and gas treatment;
the slag treatment refers to treatment of slag generated after combustion treatment in a combustion boiler, specifically slag salvaging treatment is carried out on the slag at the bottom of the combustion boiler through a slag salvaging machine, and the slag is collected in a concentrated manner;
the tail gas treatment is to treat the flue gas exhausted from the top of the combustion boiler after the material is combusted in the combustion boiler, the tail gas is discharged and then is sent into a heat exchange cylinder at the outer side of the spiral elevator through a pipeline, heat in the tail gas is transferred into a section-shaped material conveyed in the tail gas through the heat exchange cylinder, the tail gas is conveyed to a cooling tower for cooling again through the heat exchange cylinder after the heat exchange of the tail gas, the tail gas is conveyed to an activated carbon adsorption tower for adsorption treatment after the cooling tower cools the tail gas, and finally the treated tail gas is discharged through the adsorption tower.
The hazardous waste is subjected to industrial kiln co-treatment equipment, wherein the treatment equipment comprises a centrifugal separator, a vacuum dryer, a pulverizer, a mixer, a screw extruder, an intermittent shearing mechanism, a conveying belt, a spiral elevator, a heat exchange cylinder and a feed hopper;
the centrifugal separator, the vacuum dryer, the pulverizer, the mixer and the screw extruder are respectively connected through a conveyor, and the intermittent shearing mechanism is arranged at the discharge end of the screw extruder;
the conveying belt is connected with the discharge end of the screw extruder, the spiral elevator is connected with the discharge end of the conveying belt, the heat exchange cylinder is sleeved on the outer side of the spiral elevator, the top discharge end of the spiral elevator is connected with the feed ends of the feed hoppers, the feed hoppers are respectively connected through the circulating conveying chain, each feed hopper is controlled through an electromagnetic valve, and the feed hoppers are connected with the combustion chamber of the combustion boiler through a feed conveying pipe;
the centrifugal separator is used for classifying dangerous waste materials with different water contents, the vacuum dryer is used for sequentially drying the dangerous waste materials with different water contents, the pulverizer is used for pulverizing the dangerous waste materials, the mixer is used for mixing the dangerous waste materials and the additive materials, the screw extruder is used for extrusion molding the mixed materials, and the intermittent shearing mechanism is mainly used for shearing the extruded materials to a fixed-length material section through frequency control;
the conveyer belt is used for carrying the sectional material of extruding, combines the air current stoving to carry out drying treatment to the sectional material, the screw hoist is mainly used for carrying out the promotion to the sectional material after the drying and carries, preheats the sectional material that promotes the transportation through the heat exchange tube in the promotion in-process, the feed hopper mainly sends the sectional material into the combustion boiler with intermittent type circulation transport's mode.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the method, in the process of treating the dangerous waste raw materials, the raw materials can be classified according to different water contents of the raw materials, so that the raw materials with different water contents can have different drying times after being classified, the raw materials with different water contents have higher drying effects after being dried in different times, meanwhile, the drying efficiency of the raw materials is improved, the problem that harmful substances are separated out from the raw materials with less water contents due to excessive heating and drying of the raw materials with different water contents due to the same drying treatment time is avoided, and further, the dangerous waste raw materials are easy to cause secondary hazard influence is solved, and the problem that the raw materials with high water contents cannot be effectively dried is solved by carrying out the drying treatment of the raw materials with different times, so that the raw materials with high water contents can have more sufficient drying times, and the raw materials with high water contents can be fully combusted in the following steps;
in addition, by classifying the raw materials with different water contents, the moisture stored in the raw materials can be effectively removed in the classifying process, so that the moisture stored in the dangerous waste materials with different water contents can be effectively primarily removed, and the raw materials have higher drying efficiency in the subsequent drying treatment process;
2. in the mixing and forming process, the hazardous waste material and the additive material can be subjected to efficient mixing treatment, in the mixing process, the hazardous waste material can have higher combustion efficiency in the subsequent combustion treatment process by adding the combustible boiler fuel, the straw powder and the briquette adhesive, and the hazardous waste material is mixed with the combustible boiler fuel to be used as the mixed material, so that the traditional mode of adding the hazardous waste material and the combustible boiler fuel in a combustion furnace respectively is replaced, and the hazardous waste material has higher combustion efficiency after being mixed with the combustible boiler fuel through the ignition effect of the combustible boiler fuel, so that the hazardous waste material is converted into auxiliary fuel of the combustible boiler fuel, the combustion efficiency is ensured, the resource loss is reduced, and the disposal effect of the hazardous waste material is improved;
3. in the mixing process, the combustion effect of the hazardous waste material and the combustible boiler fuel is conveniently promoted by adding the crushed straw, meanwhile, accumulated water stains in the mixed material can be further absorbed by adding the crushed straw, so that the full combustion effect of the mixed material is further ensured, the mixed material has higher molding effect in the subsequent molding process by adding the molded coal adhesive, meanwhile, the molded segmented material has higher mechanical strength and thermal stability by adding the molded coal adhesive, further, the subsequent segmented material has higher combustion value after being put into a combustion furnace, and meanwhile, the hexagonal prism shape of the segmented material is combined, so that on one hand, the breakage rate of the segmented material is low when the segmented material falls into the combustion furnace, on the other hand, the segmented material cannot be accumulated after being put into the combustion furnace, and further, each segmented material has enough space between the segmented materials after being contacted, so that the oxygen passing amount is conveniently improved, and the combustion efficiency is further improved;
4. before high-efficiency feeding, the sectional materials are dried in an air flow drying mode, so that on the premise of ensuring the molding quality of the sectional materials, heat transferred during air flow drying can be accumulated in the sectional materials, and meanwhile, the heat exchange cylinder is sleeved outside the spiral elevator, so that heat energy in tail gas generated after combustion is conducted and utilized through the heat exchange cylinder, further, the heat energy in the tail gas can be effectively and favorably used for carrying out preheating treatment on the sectional materials, the heat can be accumulated again in the sectional materials, the sectional materials can be quickly combusted and treated in a combustion furnace in a subsequent mode, the actual combustion efficiency is ensured, the treatment intensity of a subsequent cooling tower on the tail gas containing heat is reduced, and the subsequent tail gas can be better cooled;
in the feeding process, a plurality of feed hoppers are connected in a circulating way through a circulating conveying chain, and the control effect of an electromagnetic valve is combined, so that the feed hoppers can feed sectional materials into a combustion boiler in an intermittent circulating conveying way in actual material feeding, and further, the sectional materials cannot generate a stacking phenomenon in the combustion boiler, and the combustion efficiency of the combustion boiler is improved.
In summary, the method classifies, dries and pulverizes the dangerous waste raw materials and performs mixed forming processing on the dangerous waste raw materials, combines an efficient feeding mode, so that the dangerous waste raw materials have higher combustion efficiency and treatment effect in the actual combustion treatment process, reduce the pollution of the dangerous waste raw materials to the environment, reduce the resource consumption of a combustion boiler, reduce the production cost of enterprises and realize the common promotion of economic and environmental protection benefits.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of the treatment method of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the treatment apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present invention only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Examples: as shown in fig. 1-2, the invention provides a technical scheme, and the method for carrying out industrial kiln co-treatment on hazardous waste comprises the following treatment steps:
s1, treating dangerous waste raw materials;
s2, mixing, forming and processing;
s3, high-efficiency feeding;
s4, treating the combustion products.
Based on the technical scheme, in S1, the dangerous waste raw material treatment specifically comprises the following treatment steps:
A. classifying;
B. drying;
C. crushing;
in the treatment step A, the classification treatment refers to classifying the dangerous waste materials to be treated, the classification standard is mainly used for classifying the dangerous waste materials according to the water content of the dangerous waste materials, and the dangerous waste materials are specifically classified into low-water-content dangerous waste materials, medium-water-content dangerous waste materials and high-water-content dangerous waste materials.
Based on the technical scheme, in the specific classification process, the hazardous waste raw materials are sent into a centrifugal separator, hazardous waste materials with different water contents are separated according to different weights of the hazardous waste materials with different water contents, and the low-water-content hazardous waste materials, the medium-water-content hazardous waste materials and the high-water-content hazardous waste materials can be layered in the separator through centrifugal separation of the separator, and then the hazardous waste materials with different water contents in different layers in the separator are discharged in a layered manner, so that the separated hazardous waste materials with different water contents are classified and stored;
the separation time of the centrifugal separator is 4min, dangerous waste materials with different water contents are classified through the centrifugal separator, and the water in the dangerous waste materials with different water contents can be removed during centrifugal classification according to the difference of the quality of the water and the weight of the dangerous waste materials in the centrifugal classification process, so that the water reserved in the dangerous waste materials with different water contents can be effectively removed.
Based on the technical scheme, in the treatment step B, the drying treatment specifically means that the separated hazardous waste materials with different water contents are sequentially dried according to the order of the water contents, a vacuum dryer is selected as the dryer, in the drying process, the hazardous waste materials with high water contents are firstly added into the vacuum dryer for drying treatment, the drying time is 2.5min, after the hazardous waste materials with high water contents are dried for 2.5min, the hazardous waste materials with medium water contents are added into the vacuum dryer for drying treatment, the drying time is 1.5min, and after the hazardous waste materials with medium water contents are dried for 1.5min in the vacuum dryer, the hazardous waste materials with low water contents are added into the vacuum dryer for drying treatment, and the drying time is 1min;
in the whole drying treatment process, the drying time of the high-moisture-content hazardous waste material is 5min, the drying time of the medium-moisture-content hazardous waste material is 2.5min, and the drying time of the low-moisture-content hazardous waste material is 1min;
in the treatment step C, the crushing treatment refers to that the dangerous waste materials with the same water content after the drying treatment are jointly sent into a crusher for crushing treatment, and after crushing, the crushed dangerous waste materials are subjected to twice sieving treatment, and the crushed materials which are out of specification after twice sieving are crushed again through collection until the crushed materials are crushed to the standard sieving specification, so that the granularity deviation of the crushed dangerous waste materials is ensured to be small.
Based on the above technical scheme, in S2, the mixed molding processing specifically includes the following processing steps:
a. charging and mixing;
b. extrusion molding;
c. cutting into sections;
in the processing step a, the feeding and mixing means that the crushed hazardous waste material and the added material are mixed by a mixer, the added material is added in the mixing process, the added material comprises combustible boiler fuel, straw powder and molded coal adhesive, and the hazardous waste material, the combustible boiler fuel, the straw powder and the molded coal adhesive are fully mixed by the mixer to form a mixed material;
the ratio of the dangerous waste materials in the total mixture is 55%, the ratio of the combustible boiler fuel in the total mixture is 28%, the ratio of the straw scraps in the total mixture is 12%, and the ratio of the molded coal adhesive in the total mixture is 5%.
Based on the technical scheme, in the processing step b, extrusion molding is mainly performed on the mixed material after mixing, specifically, the mixed material after mixing by a mixer is sent into a screw extruder, the mixed material is extruded to a specified shape by the screw extruder, an extrusion head of the screw extruder is prismatic, and the extruded mixed material is hexagonal;
in the processing step c, the shearing into segments means that after the mixed material is extruded to a standard shape by a screw extruder, the extruded hexagonal prism-shaped extruded material is sheared by an intermittent shearing mechanism, and the shearing frequency of the intermittent shearing mechanism is controlled to ensure that the lengths of the extruded materials are consistent.
Based on the technical scheme, in the processing step c, when the extruded material is sheared to the segment-shaped material with a fixed length, the extruded segment-shaped material needs to be dried through airflow drying treatment, so that the extruded segment-shaped material is solidified and formed, and airflow drying is mainly carried out in the conveying process of the segment-shaped material through a conveying belt.
Based on the technical scheme, in S3, the high-efficiency feeding means that the processed and formed segment-shaped materials are conveyed into a combustion boiler to be subjected to collaborative combustion treatment, the solidified and formed segment-shaped materials are conveyed by a conveying belt and are conveyed into a spiral lifter after being subjected to pneumatic drying treatment, the segment-shaped materials are lifted and conveyed by the spiral lifter, a heat exchange cylinder is sleeved outside the spiral lifter, and the heat exchange cylinder preheats the segment-shaped materials conveyed inside the spiral lifter through heat exchange treatment;
after the screw elevator lifts the section-shaped materials, the screw elevator directly conveys the materials into the feed hopper, the feed hopper conveys the section-shaped materials into the combustion boiler, the section-shaped materials are directly fed into the boiler combustion chamber, the feed hopper is provided with a plurality of feed hoppers, and the plurality of feed hoppers realize cyclic feeding, so that hazardous waste materials and combustible boiler fuel are combusted in a coordinated manner in the combustion boiler, and hazardous waste materials are treated.
Based on the technical scheme, in S4, the combustion material treatment comprises slag treatment and gas treatment;
the slag treatment refers to treatment of slag generated after combustion treatment in a combustion boiler, specifically slag salvaging treatment is carried out on the slag at the bottom of the combustion boiler through a slag salvaging machine, and the slag is collected in a concentrated way;
the tail gas treatment is to treat the flue gas discharged from the top of the combustion boiler after the material is combusted in the combustion boiler, the tail gas is discharged and then is sent into a heat exchange cylinder at the outer side of the spiral elevator through a pipeline, heat in the tail gas is transferred into a section-shaped material conveyed in the tail gas through the heat exchange cylinder, after the tail gas exchanges heat, the tail gas is conveyed to a cooling tower through the heat exchange cylinder to be subjected to cooling treatment again, and after the cooling tower cools the tail gas, the tail gas is conveyed to an activated carbon adsorption tower to be subjected to adsorption treatment, and finally the treated tail gas is discharged through the adsorption tower.
The hazardous waste is subjected to industrial kiln co-treatment equipment, wherein the treatment equipment comprises a centrifugal separator, a vacuum dryer, a pulverizer, a mixer, a screw extruder, an intermittent shearing mechanism, a conveying belt, a spiral elevator, a heat exchange cylinder and a feed hopper;
the centrifugal separator, the vacuum dryer, the pulverizer, the mixer and the screw extruder are respectively connected through a conveyor, and the intermittent shearing mechanism is arranged at the discharge end of the screw extruder;
the conveying belt is connected with the discharge end of the screw extruder, the spiral elevator is connected with the discharge end of the conveying belt, the heat exchange cylinder is sleeved on the outer side of the spiral elevator, the top discharge end of the spiral elevator is connected with the feed ends of the feed hoppers, the feed hoppers are respectively connected through the circulating conveying chain, each feed hopper is controlled through an electromagnetic valve, and the feed hoppers are connected with the combustion chamber of the combustion boiler through a feed conveying pipe;
the centrifugal separator is used for classifying dangerous waste materials with different water contents, the vacuum dryer is used for drying the dangerous waste materials with different water contents according to the sequence, the pulverizer is used for pulverizing the dangerous waste materials, the mixer is used for mixing the dangerous waste materials and the additive materials, the screw extruder is used for extrusion molding the mixed materials, and the intermittent shearing mechanism is mainly used for shearing the extruded materials to a fixed-length material section through frequency control;
the conveyer belt is used for carrying the sectional material of extruding, combines the air current stoving to carry out dry treatment to the sectional material, and the screw lift is mainly used for promoting the transportation to the sectional material after the drying, preheats the sectional material that promotes the transportation through the heat exchange tube in the promotion in-process, and the feed hopper mainly sends the sectional material into the combustion boiler with intermittent type formula circulation transport's mode.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing is merely a preferred example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The method for carrying out industrial kiln co-treatment on the hazardous waste is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following treatment steps:
s1, treating dangerous waste raw materials;
s2, mixing, forming and processing;
s3, high-efficiency feeding;
s4, treating the combustion products;
in the step S1, the dangerous waste raw material treatment specifically comprises the following treatment steps:
A. classifying;
B. drying;
C. crushing;
in the treatment step A, the classification treatment refers to classifying the dangerous waste materials to be treated, the classification standard is mainly used for classifying the dangerous waste materials according to the water content of the dangerous waste materials, and the dangerous waste materials are specifically classified into low-water-content dangerous waste materials, medium-water-content dangerous waste materials and high-water-content dangerous waste materials;
in the specific classification process, the hazardous waste materials are sent into a centrifugal separator, hazardous waste materials with different water contents are separated according to different weights of the hazardous waste materials with different water contents, the low-water-content hazardous waste materials, the medium-water-content hazardous waste materials and the high-water-content hazardous waste materials can be layered in the separator through centrifugal separation of the separator, and the hazardous waste materials with different layers and different water contents in the separator are discharged in a layered manner, so that the separated hazardous waste materials with different water contents are classified and stored;
the separation time of the centrifugal separator is 4min, the dangerous waste materials with different water contents are classified through the centrifugal separator, and the water content in the dangerous waste materials with different water contents can be removed during centrifugal classification according to the difference of the quality of the water content and the weight of the dangerous waste materials in the centrifugal classification process, so that the water content reserved in the dangerous waste materials with different water contents can be effectively removed;
in the treatment step B, the drying treatment specifically means that the separated hazardous waste materials with different water contents are sequentially dried according to the order of the water contents, a vacuum dryer is selected as the dryer, in the drying process, the hazardous waste materials with high water contents are firstly added into the vacuum dryer for drying treatment, the drying time is 2.5min, after the hazardous waste materials with high water contents are dried for 2.5min, the hazardous waste materials with medium water contents are added into the vacuum dryer for drying treatment, the drying time is 1.5min, and after the hazardous waste materials with medium water contents are dried for 1.5min, the hazardous waste materials with low water contents are added into the vacuum dryer for drying treatment, and the drying time is 1min;
in the whole drying treatment process, the drying time of the high-moisture-content hazardous waste material is 5min, the drying time of the medium-moisture-content hazardous waste material is 2.5min, and the drying time of the low-moisture-content hazardous waste material is 1min;
in the treatment step C, the crushing treatment refers to that the dangerous waste materials with the same water content after the drying treatment are jointly sent into a crusher to be crushed, after crushing, the crushed dangerous waste materials are subjected to twice sieving treatment, and the crushed materials which are out of specification after twice sieving are crushed again through collection until the crushed materials are crushed to the standard sieving specification, so that the granularity deviation of the crushed dangerous waste materials is ensured to be small;
in the step S2, the mixed molding processing specifically includes the following processing steps:
a. charging and mixing;
b. extrusion molding;
c. cutting into sections;
in the processing step a, the feeding and mixing means that the crushed hazardous waste material and the added material are mixed by a mixer, the added material is added in the mixing process, the added material comprises combustible boiler fuel, straw powder and molded coal adhesive, and the hazardous waste material, the combustible boiler fuel, the straw powder and the molded coal adhesive are fully mixed by the mixer to form a mixed material;
the ratio of the dangerous waste materials in the total mixture is 55%, the ratio of the combustible boiler fuel in the total mixture is 28%, the ratio of the straw scraps in the total mixture is 12%, and the ratio of the molded coal adhesive in the total mixture is 5%;
in the processing step b, extrusion molding is mainly carried out on the mixed material after mixing treatment, specifically, the mixed material after mixing by a mixer is sent into a screw extruder, the mixed material is extruded to a specified shape by the screw extruder, an extrusion head of the screw extruder is prismatic, and the extruded mixed material is hexagonal;
in the processing step c, shearing into sections means that after the mixed material is extruded to a standard shape by a screw extruder, shearing the extruded hexagonal prism-shaped extruded material by an intermittent shearing mechanism, and controlling the shearing frequency of the intermittent shearing mechanism to ensure that the lengths of the extruded materials are consistent;
in the processing step c, when the extruded material is sheared to a fixed length of the segmented material, the extruded segmented material is required to be dried by airflow drying treatment, so that the extruded segmented material is solidified and molded, and the airflow drying is mainly carried out in the conveying process of the segmented material through a conveying belt;
in the step S3, the high-efficiency feeding means that the processed and formed segment-shaped materials are conveyed into a combustion boiler to be subjected to collaborative combustion treatment, the solidified and formed segment-shaped materials are conveyed by a conveying belt and are conveyed into a spiral elevator by the conveying belt after being subjected to pneumatic drying treatment, the segment-shaped materials are lifted and conveyed by the spiral elevator, a heat exchange cylinder is sleeved outside the spiral elevator, and the heat exchange cylinder preheats the segment-shaped materials conveyed inside the spiral elevator by heat exchange treatment;
after the spiral elevator lifts the section-shaped materials, the spiral elevator directly conveys the materials into the feed hopper, the feed hopper conveys the section-shaped materials into the combustion boiler, the section-shaped materials directly enter the boiler combustion chamber, the feed hopper is provided with a plurality of feed hoppers, and the plurality of feed hoppers realize cyclic feeding, so that the hazardous waste materials and the combustible boiler fuel are cooperatively combusted in the combustion boiler, and the hazardous waste materials are treated;
in the step S4, the combustion material treatment comprises slag treatment and gas treatment;
the slag treatment refers to treatment of slag generated after combustion treatment in a combustion boiler, specifically slag salvaging treatment is carried out on the slag at the bottom of the combustion boiler through a slag salvaging machine, and the slag is collected in a concentrated manner;
the tail gas treatment is to treat the flue gas discharged from the top of the combustion boiler after the materials are combusted in the combustion boiler, the tail gas is sent into a heat exchange cylinder at the outer side of the spiral elevator through a pipeline after being discharged, heat in the tail gas is transferred into a section-shaped material conveyed in the tail gas through the heat exchange cylinder, the tail gas is conveyed to a cooling tower for cooling treatment again through the heat exchange cylinder after being subjected to heat exchange, the tail gas is conveyed into an activated carbon adsorption tower for adsorption treatment after being cooled by the cooling tower, and finally the treated tail gas is discharged through the adsorption tower;
the hazardous waste is subjected to industrial kiln co-treatment equipment, wherein the treatment equipment comprises a centrifugal separator, a vacuum dryer, a pulverizer, a mixer, a screw extruder, an intermittent shearing mechanism, a conveying belt, a spiral elevator, a heat exchange cylinder and a feed hopper;
the centrifugal separator, the vacuum dryer, the pulverizer, the mixer and the screw extruder are respectively connected through a conveyor, and the intermittent shearing mechanism is arranged at the discharge end of the screw extruder;
the conveying belt is connected with the discharge end of the screw extruder, the spiral elevator is connected with the discharge end of the conveying belt, the heat exchange cylinder is sleeved on the outer side of the spiral elevator, the top discharge end of the spiral elevator is connected with the feed ends of the feed hoppers, the feed hoppers are respectively connected through the circulating conveying chain, each feed hopper is controlled through an electromagnetic valve, and the feed hoppers are connected with the combustion chamber of the combustion boiler through a feed conveying pipe;
the centrifugal separator is used for classifying dangerous waste materials with different water contents, the vacuum dryer is used for sequentially drying the dangerous waste materials with different water contents, the pulverizer is used for pulverizing the dangerous waste materials, the mixer is used for mixing the dangerous waste materials and the additive materials, the screw extruder is used for extrusion molding the mixed materials, and the intermittent shearing mechanism is mainly used for shearing the extruded materials to a fixed-length material section through frequency control;
the conveyer belt is used for carrying the sectional material of extruding, combines the air current stoving to carry out drying treatment to the sectional material, the screw hoist is mainly used for carrying out the promotion to the sectional material after the drying and carries, preheats the sectional material that promotes the transportation through the heat exchange tube in the promotion in-process, the feed hopper mainly sends the sectional material into the combustion boiler with intermittent type circulation transport's mode.
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