CN114029614B - Laser welding method for nonferrous metal - Google Patents
Laser welding method for nonferrous metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN114029614B CN114029614B CN202111239380.0A CN202111239380A CN114029614B CN 114029614 B CN114029614 B CN 114029614B CN 202111239380 A CN202111239380 A CN 202111239380A CN 114029614 B CN114029614 B CN 114029614B
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- nonferrous metal
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 185
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004021 metal welding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 29
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 29
- 101100456571 Mus musculus Med12 gene Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/0408—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work for planar work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/12—Copper or alloys thereof
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a laser welding method for nonferrous metals, which comprises the steps of performing nonferrous metal welding through an optical fiber pumping green laser, and fixing nonferrous metal to be welded on a clamp; the fixture cover plate is provided with a plurality of through holes through which laser beams pass; the parameters of laser front defocusing, power density of laser light spots and diameter of the laser light spots are set by adjusting the two-dimensional platform and the lifting platform through a computer control board and laser welding software; setting continuous welding patterns in laser welding software, wherein the welding patterns are end-to-end curves and crisscross; adjusting the laser graphic coordinates, and moving the two-dimensional platform to enable laser to act on the welding position; setting parameters such as laser power, laser pulse width, frequency and the like of green laser welding; triggering laser, and scanning a welding track through a vibrating mirror under the irradiation of green laser; after the green laser sequentially passes through each via hole on the fixture cover plate, the welding is completed, and the laser is turned off.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of laser welding, in particular to a laser welding method for nonferrous metals.
Background
In the industrial field, lasers are increasingly used, in particular in the fields of power electronics, power assemblies and battery manufacturing, lasers being capable of achieving rapid welding with minimum heat input; however, the requirements of each field vary greatly, and the welding of non-ferrous metals, such as the welding of electronic contacts on direct copper-clad DBC boards, requires precise depth of weld, minimal spatter and minimal heat input, as surrounding components on the DBC board are very close to the weld site, as in the case of spatter, electronic components near the weld site can be damaged; in addition, electric automobile includes a plurality of parts of making by red copper, and more be used in the electric automobile field and weld the part of making red copper through laser, but red copper is too high to near infrared laser's reflectivity, and the welding in-process produces easily and splashes and damage the product, and the welding process is unstable.
The absorptivity of the red copper to the green laser is 35-40%, the light energy generated by the green laser can be easily absorbed by the red copper and other high-reflectivity materials, and the non-splashing micro-welding spot deep-melting welding can be easily realized by welding patterns and adjusting laser parameters, so that the process of welding the red copper, gold and other non-ferrous metals by the green laser can be very stable
The invention patent with publication number of CN109014570A adopts the composite welding of green laser and near infrared laser, and has more complex technology; the invention patent with publication number of CN109530917A adopts a lamp pump green laser, the peak power of the emitted pulse laser is 0.8 kW-1.5 kW, the pulse width is 1 ms-10 ms, the light emitting frequency is 1 Hz-100 Hz, the lamp pump laser generates a molten pool by using a single high-energy millisecond laser pulse to weld metals together, the invention adopts a MOPA optical fiber green laser, MOPA nanoseconds rapidly form a plurality of tiny molten pools by using high-frequency micro-energy nanosecond laser pulse, and the plurality of tiny molten pools are combined together to weld two layers of metals together, so that the welding is more precise; the scanning track of the vibrating mirror is a curve which is always connected end to end and penetrates through, and the welding setting parameters of the vibrating mirror are different from those of the patent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the traditional laser welding method in the nonferrous metal welding process and provides a novel welding process method for welding nonferrous metal by green laser.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a laser welding method for nonferrous metals, characterized by the steps of:
step one: laminating and fixing the first nonferrous metal sheet and the second nonferrous metal sheet on a bottom plate of a pressing clamp;
step two: adjusting the two-dimensional platform and the lifting platform to set parameters of laser positive defocus, power density of laser spots and diameter of the laser spots;
step three: setting continuous welding patterns, adjusting welding pattern coordinates, and moving a two-dimensional platform to enable laser to act on a welding processing position;
step four: setting parameters of laser power, laser pulse width and frequency of green laser welding, setting the scanning times of a vibrating mirror of each welding spot, and adjusting the laser speed of the vibrating mirror;
step five: triggering laser, and scanning along a welding pattern track through a vibrating mirror under the action of green laser radiation;
step six: and (5) after the welding is finished, turning off the laser, and cooling the nonferrous metal sheet to form a welding spot.
Further, the welding area comprises a plurality of welding spots, and the interval between every two welding spots is 0.6-100mm.
Further, the compacting clamp in the first step further comprises a clamp cover plate, wherein the cover plate is positioned on the second nonferrous metal sheet; the cover plate is provided with a plurality of first through holes, and the center distance between every two first through holes is not less than 0.6mm; each first via corresponds to a weld spot, each weld spot is surrounded by the inner periphery of one first via, and a laser beam passes through each first via to weld each weld spot location.
Further, the positive defocus of the laser in the second step is 0.5-5mm, and the power density of the laser spot is 10 6 ～10 8 W/cm 2 The diameter of the laser spot is 40-90um.
Further, the continuous welding patterns in the third step are crisscrossed and are in a reciprocating array, and the outer contour of the array is rectangular or circular or other polygons; crisscross refers to a weld pattern that includes a plurality of longitudinal trajectories in the longitudinal direction, including a plurality of transverse trajectories in the transverse direction, the plurality of longitudinal trajectories intersecting the plurality of transverse trajectories, each longitudinal trajectory intersecting all of the transverse trajectories, each transverse trajectory intersecting all of the longitudinal trajectories.
Further, the crisscross crossing points of the continuous welding patterns are welding pools.
Further, the interval between every two adjacent longitudinal tracks and the interval between every two adjacent transverse tracks of the continuous welding pattern are 0.01-0.03mm; the side length of the rectangular outline welding pattern is 0.3-0.6mm; or the diameter of the circular outline welding pattern is 0.3-0.6mm.
Further, the green laser welding parameters set in the fourth step are 30-40W of laser power, and the power is constant in the welding process; the laser pulse width is 3-10ns, the frequency is 50-200KHZ, the number of times of scanning the vibrating mirror of each welding spot is one, and the laser speed is 100-1200mm/s by adjusting the vibrating mirror.
In the fifth step, after the laser passes through one first via hole, the vibrating mirror is controlled by software to automatically move so that the laser passes through the next first via hole; after the laser passes through one first via hole to finish welding the welding spot corresponding to the first via hole, the laser is controlled to be turned off by software, and when the vibrating mirror moves to the next first via hole, the laser is turned on again by software control.
Further, in the sixth step, after the green laser passes through each first via hole in turn, the welding is completed.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. in the invention, a plurality of welding spots are arranged in a welding area so as to increase welding strength; when the interval between every two welding spots is 0.6-1mm, the heat generated by each welding spot is transferred to the adjacent part under the condition that the welding workpiece is thinner because the interval between each welding spot is smaller, and the product is deformed due to the excessive heat; in the invention, when the interval between welding spots is smaller, a cover plate is added on the welding fixture, a laser through hole is independently manufactured on the cover plate of the fixture for each welding spot to pass through, and the heat transfer of adjacent parts in the welding process is isolated through the periphery of the through hole, so that a molten pool formed by welding is smaller, and the situation of product damage caused by too thin product in the welding process is avoided; and can make things convenient for laser accurate positioning, improve welding quality.
2. In the nonferrous metal, the absorptivity of copper to green laser is 35-40%, the light energy generated by the green laser can be easily absorbed by a high-reflectivity metal material, and the micro-welding spot deep-welding without splashing can be easily realized by the green laser in the welding process.
3. Compared with the traditional welding adopting an infrared laser or a lamp pump green laser, the invention adopts the optical fiber pump green laser to weld nonferrous metals, and compared with other types of lasers, the optical fiber laser can easily realize the accurate control of laser radiation energy by controlling pulse width and repetition frequency, the pulse energy and peak power of the optical fiber laser can be flexibly adjusted by setting parameters, and the invention has the advantages of fine light spot, difficult material damage, higher penetration, stronger drawing force and the like, and is more suitable for thin sheet and fine welding.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an assembled schematic view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the welding of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a rectangular welding pattern according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a circular welding pattern according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the non-ferrous metal of the present invention after welding.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a solder joint according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a weld spot (puddle) after disassembly of the welded workpieces.
In the figure: a first nonferrous metal sheet 1; a second via 11; a second nonferrous metal sheet 2; a bottom plate 3; a first positioning pin 31; a second positioning pin 32; a cover plate 4; a first via 41; a third via 42; and a welding area 5.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings for the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.
The invention welds red copper, gold and other nonferrous metals.
According to the MOPA optical fiber pumping green light laser used for laser welding, MOPA nanoseconds are formed into a plurality of tiny molten pools rapidly by utilizing high-frequency tiny energy nanosecond laser pulses, and the plurality of tiny molten pools are combined together to enable two layers of metal to be welded together; the invention adopts the optical fiber green laser and continuous welding patterns to weld nanosecond keyhole.
The invention adopts an optical fiber pumping green laser, the peak power of pulse laser emitted by the optical fiber pumping green laser is 0.5 kW-20 kW, the pulse width is 3 ns-100 ns, the light emitting frequency is 50 KHz-1500 KHz, the wavelength is 530-555nm, the average power is 40W, the highest single pulse energy is 1mJ, and the beam quality M2 factor is less than or equal to 1.3.
In the welding process, the working environment temperature of the green laser is controlled at a constant temperature, so that the working environment temperature of the green laser is between 24 and 26 ℃, and the laser has better stability within the temperature range, so as to ensure the stability of welding quality.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the processing target is set to be a first nonferrous metal sheet 1 and a second nonferrous metal sheet 2; the first nonferrous metal sheet 1 is a 0.2mm thick red copper sheet, and the second nonferrous metal sheet 2 is a 0.1mm thick red copper sheet; welding 0.1mm thick red copper sheet on 0.2mm thick red copper sheet; the welding area 5 comprises a plurality of continuous rectangular welding spots or a plurality of continuous circular welding spots, and the interval between every two welding spots is 0.6-100mm; the welding is carried out according to the following steps:
the first step: as shown in fig. 1, a piece of red copper sheet with the thickness of 0.2mm is fixed in a groove of a bottom plate 3 of a pressing clamp, a plurality of second through holes 11 are formed in the red copper sheet with the thickness of 0.2mm, a plurality of first positioning pins 31 are arranged on the bottom plate 3 of the pressing clamp, and the red copper sheet with the thickness of 0.2mm is fixed in the groove of the bottom plate 3 of the pressing clamp by matching the second through holes 11 with the first positioning pins 31; another 0.1mm thick red copper sheet is placed on the 0.2mm red copper sheet and clings to the 0.2mm red copper sheet;
when the interval between every two welding spots is 0.6-1mm and the interval distance is relatively short, a clamp cover plate 4 is arranged on the clamp, the clamp cover plate 4 is arranged on the 0.1mm red copper sheet, three second positioning pins 32 are arranged on the clamp base plate 3, three third through holes 42 matched with the three second positioning pins 32 are arranged on the clamp cover plate 4, and the clamp base plate 3 and the clamp cover plate 4 are firmly fixed by the three second positioning pins 32 matched with the three third through holes 42; the fixture cover plate 4 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 41, and the side length of the first through holes 41 is 0.5-10mm if the first through holes 41 are square; if the round shape is adopted, the diameter is 0.5-10mm; the spacing between the center of each first via 41 to the center of the other first via 41 is not less than 0.6mm; the first via 41 is for the laser beam to pass through; the fixture in fig. 1 is integrally fixed on a two-dimensional platform for laser welding after being assembled;
when the interval between every two welding spots is 0.6-1mm, a corresponding first via hole 41 is independently manufactured on the fixture cover plate 4 for each welding spot, and the first via hole 41 is used for the laser beam to pass through; each welding spot corresponds to one first through hole 41, the periphery of the first through hole 41 surrounds the corresponding welding spot, and a laser beam passes through each first through hole 41 to weld the position of each welding spot; the first through holes 41 are respectively used in one-to-one correspondence with the corresponding welding points;
the plurality of welding spots are arranged to increase welding strength, when the interval between every two welding spots is smaller, heat transfer of adjacent welding spots in the welding process is isolated through the cover plate on the periphery of the first via hole 41, and the situation that products are deformed and damaged due to the fact that the products are too thin in the welding process is avoided; and can make things convenient for laser accurate positioning, improve welding quality.
When the interval between every two welding spots is more than 1mm and less than 100mm, the cover plate 4 can be arranged or the cover plate 4 is not used according to actual situations.
And a second step of: the two-dimensional platform and the lifting platform for laser welding are adjusted to take the position with the smallest light spot as a focus when the laser is tested to be strongest by a computer control board card and laser welding software, and then the lifting platform is adjusted to enable the laser focus to be 0.5-5mm above a processing surface, namely, the laser is just defocused to be 0.5-5mm, and the power density of the laser light spot is 106-108W/cm 2 The diameter of the laser spot is 40-90um.
And a third step of: setting a continuous non-jump welding pattern in laser welding software according to the size of a welding spot, adjusting the coordinates of the welding pattern through the software, and simultaneously moving a two-dimensional platform to meet the position requirement of a workpiece to be welded, so that a vibrating mirror is aligned to a first welding spot, and laser precisely acts on a welding processing position;
the continuous non-jumping welding pattern is a rectangle as shown in fig. 3 or a circular welding pattern as shown in fig. 4; the welding pattern can also be in the shape of other polygons;
as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the welding patterns are crisscrossed and are in a reciprocating array, and the outer contour of the array is rectangular or circular or other polygons; the crisscross crossing points are molten pools formed by welding; the crisscross welding pattern longitudinally comprises a plurality of longitudinal track lines, the transverse direction comprises a plurality of transverse track lines, the plurality of longitudinal track lines are intersected with the plurality of transverse track lines, each longitudinal track line is intersected with all transverse track lines, and each transverse track line is intersected with all longitudinal track lines;
as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the welding pattern is a continuous non-jumping welding pattern, and the welding pattern is a curve which runs all the way through and is connected end to end, each two adjacent longitudinal track lines are connected end to end, and each two adjacent transverse track lines are connected end to end.
The interval between every two adjacent longitudinal tracks and the interval between every two adjacent transverse tracks of the welding pattern are 0.01-0.03mm, and the interval is preferably 0.02mm; the side length of the rectangular welding pattern is 0.3-0.6mm; the diameter of the circular welding pattern is 0.3-0.6mm.
Fourth step: setting green laser welding parameters to be 30-40W of laser power in the welding process of different products, wherein the power is constant in the welding process; the laser pulse width is 2-10ns, the frequency is 50-200KHZ, and the scanning times of the vibrating mirror of each welding spot are one time; when the cover plate 4 is provided, the number of times of laser passing through each first via hole 41 on the jig cover plate 4 is one, and the vibrating mirror is adjusted to make the laser speed 100-1200mm/s.
Fifth step: triggering laser by software, and scanning along a welding pattern track by a vibrating mirror under the action of green laser radiation;
the welding track is a continuous welding pattern of a rectangle or a circle which is arranged in the third step and is continuous and free from jumping;
the green laser moves along the track in a crossing manner in the welding process, the laser does not jump in the welding process, the welding spatter and the formation of cavities are restrained, the welding quality is ensured to be stable, a tiny molten pool is formed at each intersection, and a plurality of tiny molten pools are combined together to enable two layers of metals to be welded together;
when the interval distance between each welding spot is 0.6-1mm, the welding fixture is provided with a cover plate 4, the cover plate 4 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 41 for laser to pass through, and after each laser passes through one first through hole 41, the vibrating mirror is controlled by software to automatically move so that the laser passes through the next first through hole 41; after the laser passes through one first via hole 41 to finish welding the welding spot corresponding to the first via hole 41, the laser is controlled to be turned off by software, and when the vibrating mirror moves to the next first via hole 41, the laser is turned on again by software control.
When the interval distance between the welding spots is far, if the interval distance between the welding spots is larger than 1mm, the welding fixture is free of a cover plate 4, and after welding of one welding spot is finished, the vibrating mirror is controlled to automatically move through software, so that the vibrating mirror moves to the next welding spot; after the welding of one welding spot is finished, the laser is controlled to be turned off through software, and when the vibrating mirror moves to the next welding spot, the laser is turned on again through software control.
Sixth step: after the welding of the welding area is completed, the laser is turned off, and the copper sheet is cooled to form a welding spot;
when the clamp cover plate 4 is not arranged, after all welding spots in the welding area are welded, the laser is turned off by software, and the copper sheet is cooled to form welding spots;
when the fixture cover plate 4 is arranged, after green laser passes through each first via hole 41 in sequence, welding is completed, the laser is closed by software, and the copper sheet is cooled to form welding spots;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a 0.1mm copper sheet welded with a 0.2mm copper sheet; the surface of the welding spot is free from splashing, and the size of the welding spot is consistent;
under the condition that the vibrating mirror scans according to a rectangular track, a 0.1mm red copper sheet and a 0.2mm red copper sheet are welded together, and a welding spot on the upper surface of the 0.1mm red copper sheet is shown in figure 6; the 0.1mm red copper sheet is uncovered, and rectangular welding spots on the 0.2mm red copper sheet are shown in figure 7.
The two-dimensional platform remains stationary during laser emission.
If a plurality of workpieces to be welded are provided, after one workpiece is welded, repeating the steps from the first step to the sixth step, and welding the next workpiece.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but rather the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, and modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A laser welding method for nonferrous metals, characterized by the steps of:
step one: laminating and fixing the first nonferrous metal sheet (1) and the second nonferrous metal sheet (2) on a bottom plate (3) of a pressing clamp;
step two: adjusting the two-dimensional platform and the lifting platform to set parameters of laser positive defocus, power density of laser spots and diameter of the laser spots;
step three: setting continuous welding patterns, adjusting welding pattern coordinates, and moving a two-dimensional platform to enable laser to act on a welding processing position;
the welding patterns are continuous non-jumping welding patterns, the welding patterns are crisscrossed and are in a reciprocating array shape, and the outer outline of the array is rectangular or circular;
the crisscross crossing points are molten pools formed by welding;
the welding pattern longitudinally comprises a plurality of longitudinal track lines, the transverse direction comprises a plurality of transverse track lines, the plurality of longitudinal track lines are intersected with the plurality of transverse track lines, each longitudinal track line is intersected with all transverse tracks, and each transverse track line is intersected with all longitudinal tracks;
the welding graph is a curve which runs through all the time and is connected end to end, every two adjacent longitudinal track lines are connected end to end, and every two adjacent transverse track lines are connected end to end;
step four: setting parameters of laser power, laser pulse width and frequency of green laser welding, setting the scanning times of a vibrating mirror of each welding spot, and adjusting the laser speed of the vibrating mirror;
step five: triggering laser, and scanning along a welding pattern track through a vibrating mirror under the action of green laser radiation;
step six: after passing through each first via hole (41) in turn, the green laser is welded, the laser is turned off, and the nonferrous metal sheet is cooled to form welding spots.
2. The laser welding method for nonferrous metals according to claim 1, wherein the pressing jig in the first step further comprises a jig cover plate (4), the cover plate (4) being located on the second nonferrous metal sheet (2); the cover plate (4) is provided with a plurality of first through holes (41), and the center-to-center distance between every two first through holes (41) is not less than 0.6mm; each first via (41) corresponds to a welding spot, each welding spot is surrounded by the inner periphery of one first via (41), and a laser beam passes through each first via (41) to weld each welding spot position.
3. The method for laser welding nonferrous metal according to claim 1, wherein the laser positive defocus in the second step is 0.5-5mm, and the power density of the laser spot is 10 6 ～10 8
W/cm 2 The diameter of the laser spot is 40-90um.
4. The method for laser welding a nonferrous metal of claim 1, wherein the continuous welding pattern has a spacing between every two adjacent longitudinal tracks, a spacing between every two adjacent transverse tracks of 0.01-0.03mm; the side length of the rectangular outline welding pattern is 0.3-0.6mm; or the diameter of the circular outline welding pattern is 0.3-0.6mm.
5. The laser welding method for nonferrous metals as claimed in claim 1, wherein the green laser welding parameter set in the fourth step is laser power 30-40W, and the power is constant during the welding process; the laser pulse width is 3-10ns, the frequency is 50-200KHZ, the number of times of scanning the vibrating mirror of each welding spot is one, and the laser speed is 100-1200mm/s by adjusting the vibrating mirror.
6. A laser welding method for nonferrous metals according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, after each time the laser passes through one first via hole (41), the vibrating mirror is controlled by software to move automatically so that the laser passes through the next first via hole (41); after the laser passes through one first via hole (41) to finish welding the welding spot corresponding to the first via hole (41), the laser is controlled to be turned off by software, and when the vibrating mirror moves to the next first via hole (41), the laser is turned on again by software control.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111239380.0A CN114029614B (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2021-10-25 | Laser welding method for nonferrous metal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111239380.0A CN114029614B (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2021-10-25 | Laser welding method for nonferrous metal |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114029614A CN114029614A (en) | 2022-02-11 |
| CN114029614B true CN114029614B (en) | 2024-04-09 |
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