CN109604820B - Laser processing method based on combined optical head - Google Patents
Laser processing method based on combined optical head Download PDFInfo
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- CN109604820B CN109604820B CN201910058848.2A CN201910058848A CN109604820B CN 109604820 B CN109604820 B CN 109604820B CN 201910058848 A CN201910058848 A CN 201910058848A CN 109604820 B CN109604820 B CN 109604820B
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- laser
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/0869—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction
- B23K26/0876—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction in at least two axial directions
Abstract
The invention provides a combined optical head used in a laser processing device, wherein more than one group of T-shaped beam combination is arranged in a processing area, each group of T-shaped beam combination consists of two T-shaped beams, each T-shaped beam consists of a cross beam and more than one vertical beam, and two ends of the cross beam are respectively connected to two X-axis guide rails and are vertical to the X-axis guide rails; all the vertical beams are positioned between the two cross beams, one end of each vertical beam is connected to the cross beam and is vertical to the cross beam, and the laser head is downwards arranged at the other end of each vertical beam; the beam and the vertical beam are correspondingly provided with independent driving devices for driving, and the driving devices are connected with a control center in the laser processing device. The combined optical head is simple in structure, can be matched with each other during machining, is large in machining flexibility of a single optical head, can realize full-angle coverage in a machining area, and greatly improves machining efficiency of complex workpieces.
Description
Technical Field
The invention provides a combined laser processing head, which is used in a laser cutting machine or a laser welding machine and belongs to the technical field of laser processing.
Background
The laser cutting technology is widely applied to the processing of metal and nonmetal materials, can greatly reduce the processing time, reduce the processing cost and improve the quality of workpieces. Laser cutting is achieved by applying high power density energy generated after laser focusing. Compared with the traditional plate processing method, the laser cutting method has the advantages of high cutting quality, high cutting speed, high flexibility (random cutting of any shape), wide material adaptability and the like.
Laser welding is one of the important aspects of laser material processing technology application, and the welding process belongs to a heat conduction type, namely, laser radiation heats the surface of a workpiece, surface heat is diffused inwards through heat conduction, and the workpiece is melted to form a specific molten pool by controlling parameters such as the width, energy, peak power, repetition frequency and the like of laser pulse. Due to the unique advantages, the welding method is successfully applied to welding of micro and small parts. Compared with other welding technologies, the main advantages of laser welding are: the laser welding speed is fast, the depth is large, and the deformation is small. Can be welded at room temperature or under special conditions, and the welding equipment is simple.
In order to improve the working efficiency of laser processing, synchronous processing by arranging multiple optical heads is an effective method in the prior art. There are four ways of combining multiple heads currently in the art: 1. the double laser heads which are arranged in an up-and-down alignment mode move synchronously and are matched with each other to cut the same part, for example, CN200820191807 and CN 201110317220. 2. A Y-axis is arranged between two X-axes, and two laser heads mounted on the same Y-axis cannot move relative to each other but can only move integrally along the Y-axis, for example, patent nos. CN201620921747 and CN 201721734555. 3. A Y axis is arranged between the two X axes, two laser heads moving along the Y axis are arranged on the Y axis, the two laser heads can move relatively, and the respective displacement is controlled by a driving device independently. Such patents are more filed in recent years, such as CN201220753878, CN201410825174, CN201621021840, CN201720084309 and CN 201820198877. 4. Similarly, two parallel X axes are arranged, more than two Y axes are arranged on the X axes, the Y axes can move freely, a laser head is arranged on the Y axes, the laser head can move freely along the Y axes, and the installation direction of the laser head faces to the same direction. For example patents CN201510801101 and CN 201721093415.
The processing mode of the multi-optical head combination can improve the processing efficiency for processing workpieces with simple shapes, and one optical head independently processes one workpiece correspondingly without mutual interference. However, in the case of a workpiece having a complicated outer shape, a plurality of optical heads are required to be matched for machining, and due to structural restrictions, mutual matching machining cannot be performed. This is because in the prior art structure, in order to avoid the collision of the processing heads with each other, a non-T-shaped structure in which the processing heads are arranged in the same direction is adopted. Even if two laser heads which are opposite are adopted individually, the light-emitting point connecting line of the opposite laser heads is prevented from being parallel to the beam. Namely, the distance between the light emitting point of the laser head and the beam is S1, the distance between the light emitting point of the laser head and the beam is S2, the transverse effective distance H of the laser head is set, and the distance S between the two beams is always greater than S1+ S2. And no overlapped part exists between the two processing areas S1H and S2H, no public area exists, and a dead angle area is processed between the two cross beams, so that synchronous processing cannot be realized, and the processing efficiency is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a combined optical head for a laser processing device, which solves the defects in the background technology, has simple structure, can be mutually matched during processing, has large processing flexibility of a single optical head, can realize full-angle coverage in a processing area, and greatly improves the processing efficiency of complex workpieces.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the above purpose of the invention is as follows:
a combined optical head used in a laser processing device at least comprises a laser head and X-axis guide rails, wherein the number of the X-axis guide rails is two, the two X-axis guide rails are positioned on the same horizontal plane, the area between the two X-axis guide rails is a processing area, more than one group of T-shaped beam combinations are arranged in the processing area, each group of T-shaped beam combinations consists of two T-shaped beams, each T-shaped beam consists of a cross beam and more than one vertical beam, two ends of the cross beam are respectively connected to the two X-axis guide rails and are vertical to the X-axis guide rails, and the cross beam can move along the X-axis guide rails; all the vertical beams are positioned between the two cross beams, one end of each vertical beam is connected to the cross beam and is perpendicular to the cross beam, the laser heads are downwards installed at the other end of each vertical beam, the number of the laser heads corresponds to that of the vertical beams, and the vertical beams can move along the cross beams in the Y-axis direction; the beam and the vertical beam are correspondingly provided with independent driving devices for driving, and the driving devices are connected with a control center in the laser processing device.
The laser head is installed on the terminal surface or the side at vertical beam top.
The length of the vertical beam in the T-shaped beam is not less than 10 cm.
Compared with the prior art, the combined optical head in the laser processing device provided by the invention has the following processing advantages: in the invention, more than one group of T-shaped beam combinations are arranged in the processing area, each group of T-shaped beam combinations consists of two T-shaped beams, under the structure, the distance between the light emergent point of one laser head in each group of T-shaped beam combinations and the cross beam is S1, the distance between the other laser head in each group of T-shaped beam combinations is S2, and the distance between the two cross beams is S < S1+ S2, especially when S1 is S2, because the T-shaped beams can allow the two processing heads to mutually probe into the processing area of the other side (the processing track and the time position are well controlled), the two processing areas can be completely overlapped under dynamic work to realize synchronous processing, the processing flexibility of the optical heads is expanded, the processing efficiency is greatly improved, and the high efficiency advantage of multi-head synchronous processing is really exerted.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a combined optical head according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an outline view of a workpiece to be machined in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a combined optical head according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a combined optical head according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-X-axis guide rail, 2-cross beam, 3-vertical beam and 4-laser head.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The structure of the combined optical head provided in this embodiment is as shown in fig. 1, two X-axis guide rails are provided, the two X-axis guide rails are located on the same horizontal plane, a region between the two X-axis guide rails is a processing region, two T-shaped beams are provided in the processing region, each T-shaped beam is composed of a cross beam and a vertical beam, two ends of the cross beam are respectively connected to the two X-axis guide rails and are perpendicular to the X-axis guide rails, and the cross beam can move along the X-axis guide rails; two perpendicular roof beams all are located between two crossbeams, and the one end of erecting the roof beam is connected on the crossbeam and is mutually perpendicular with the crossbeam, and the laser head is installed downwards at the other end of erecting the roof beam, and the laser head is installed on the terminal surface or the side at perpendicular roof beam top. The length of the vertical beam is 30 cm. The laser heads are correspondingly arranged in two numbers, and the vertical beam can move along the cross beam in the Y-axis direction; four independent sets of driving devices are correspondingly arranged on the two cross beams and the two vertical beams for driving, and the driving devices are connected with a control center in the laser processing device.
The combined optical head provided by the embodiment can be used for processing a workpiece with a complex structure, and the shape of the workpiece to be processed is as shown in fig. 2, and comprises seven circular holes with different sizes, such as ABCDFEG. The flow of processing the combined optical head provided in this embodiment is as follows: the plate is fed in a stepping servo feeding mode along the arrow direction in fig. 2, the step length of single feeding is one meter, the plate is fed to a processing position and then processed by the combined optical head provided in the embodiment, the circular holes ABD are distributed and processed by the lower optical head according to the stroke to be processed, and the circular holes CEFG are processed by the upper optical head. When processing, round hole CEFG distributes and concentrates relatively, the upper optical head is processed at this processing range, lower optical head is at first accomplished back round hole D's processing back, the optical head still carries out the processing operation in round hole CEFG region this moment, the optical head moves at the Y axle along the crossbeam under the drive of erecting the roof beam down this moment, the back crossbeam that targets in place is moving along X axle guide rail, make down the optical head go deep into behind to the optical head, thereby accomplish the processing operation to round hole AB, the upper optical head cooperates with lower optical head, accomplish the processing operation to the work piece jointly, improvement machining efficiency that can be very big.
Example 2
The structure of the combined optical head provided in this embodiment is as shown in fig. 3, two X-axis guide rails are provided, the two X-axis guide rails are located on the same horizontal plane, a region between the two X-axis guide rails is a processing region, two sets of T-shaped beam combinations are provided in the processing region, and the structure of each set of T-shaped beam combination is the same as that in embodiment 1.
Example 3
The structure of the combined optical head provided in this embodiment is as shown in fig. 4, two X-axis guide rails are provided, the two X-axis guide rails are located on the same horizontal plane, a region between the two X-axis guide rails is a processing region, two T-shaped beams are provided in the processing region, one T-shaped beam is composed of a cross beam and a vertical beam, the other T-shaped beam is composed of a cross beam and two vertical beams, wherein two ends of the cross beam are respectively connected to the two X-axis guide rails and are perpendicular to the X-axis guide rails, and the cross beam can move along the X-axis guide rails; the three vertical beams are all located between the two cross beams, one end of each vertical beam is connected to the cross beam and is perpendicular to the cross beam, the laser head is installed at the other end of each vertical beam downwards, and the laser head is installed on the end face or the side face of the top of each vertical beam. The length of the vertical beam is 30 cm. The laser heads are correspondingly arranged in three numbers, and the vertical beam can move along the cross beam in the Y-axis direction; five independent sets of driving devices are correspondingly arranged on the two cross beams and the three vertical beams for driving, and the driving devices are connected with a control center in the laser processing device.
Claims (3)
1. A laser processing method based on a combined optical head, the combined optical head at least comprises a laser head and an X-axis guide rail, and the laser processing method is characterized in that: the two X-axis guide rails are positioned on the same horizontal plane, the area between the two X-axis guide rails is a processing area, more than one group of T-shaped beam combination is arranged in the processing area, each group of T-shaped beam combination consists of two T-shaped beams, each T-shaped beam consists of a cross beam and more than one vertical beam, wherein two ends of the cross beam are respectively connected to the two X-axis guide rails and are vertical to the X-axis guide rails, and the cross beam can move along the X-axis guide rails; all the vertical beams are positioned between the two cross beams, one end of each vertical beam is connected to the cross beam and is perpendicular to the cross beam, the laser heads are downwards installed at the other end of each vertical beam, the number of the laser heads corresponds to that of the vertical beams, and the vertical beams can move along the cross beams in the Y-axis direction; the beam and the vertical beam are correspondingly provided with independent driving devices for driving, and the driving devices are connected with a control center in the laser processing device;
the laser processing method comprises the following steps: the distance between the light-emitting point of one laser head and the cross beam in each group of T-shaped beam combination is S1, the distance between the light-emitting point and the cross beam is S2, the distance between the two cross beams is S1+ S2, the T-shaped beams allow the two machining heads to mutually probe into the machining area of the other side by controlling the machining track and the time position, and the two machining areas are completely overlapped under dynamic work to realize synchronous machining.
2. A method of laser machining based on a modular head as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the laser head is installed on the terminal surface or the side at vertical beam top.
3. A method of laser machining based on a modular head as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the length of the vertical beam in the T-shaped beam is not less than 10 cm.
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| CN201910058848.2A CN109604820B (en) | 2019-01-22 | 2019-01-22 | Laser processing method based on combined optical head |
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| CN201910058848.2A CN109604820B (en) | 2019-01-22 | 2019-01-22 | Laser processing method based on combined optical head |
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| CN112122789A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2020-12-25 | 深圳明智超精密科技有限公司 | Eight laser head laser cutting machine |
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| CN2712531Y (en) * | 2004-02-13 | 2005-07-27 | 张向明 | Mechanism for regulating laser head space position |
| WO2006001242A1 (en) * | 2004-06-25 | 2006-01-05 | Komatsu Industries Corporation | Multiple thermal cutting device and multiple thermal cutting method |
| CN201997848U (en) * | 2011-03-09 | 2011-10-05 | 东阳市双燕设备有限公司 | Laser machine multi-head synchronization transmission structure |
| CN202543222U (en) * | 2012-03-01 | 2012-11-21 | 成都博隆光电科技有限公司 | Multi-head laser cutting device used for cutting leather |
| CN106181068A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-07 | 江苏亚威机床股份有限公司 | A kind of laser cutting machine with three laser cutting heads |
| CN207239450U (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2018-04-17 | 武汉天琪激光设备制造有限公司 | A kind of laser cutting device with more crossbeams |
| CN207289198U (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2018-05-01 | 武汉金运激光产业发展有限公司 | A kind of double end asynchronous excitation cutting machine |
| CN207239461U (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-04-17 | 济南森峰科技有限公司 | A kind of soft material laser cutting machine |
| CN108436311B (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2020-03-17 | 余小刚 | Multi-head movable intelligent processing device and process |
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