CN114027068A - Industrialized cutting seedling method for blueberries and matched culture box - Google Patents
Industrialized cutting seedling method for blueberries and matched culture box Download PDFInfo
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- CN114027068A CN114027068A CN202110275636.7A CN202110275636A CN114027068A CN 114027068 A CN114027068 A CN 114027068A CN 202110275636 A CN202110275636 A CN 202110275636A CN 114027068 A CN114027068 A CN 114027068A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
- A01G9/16—Dismountable or portable greenhouses ; Greenhouses with sliding roofs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/249—Lighting means
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/001—Culture apparatus for tissue culture
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/008—Methods for regeneration to complete plants
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of seedling culture, in particular to a blueberry industrial cutting seedling culture method and a matched culture box. A blueberry industrialized cutting seedling method and a matched incubator are characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: (1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) cultivating blueberry tissue culture seedlings, (2) treating the tissue culture seedlings after the tissue culture seedlings are taken out of bottles and before cuttage, (3) continuously breeding and cuttage of cutting stock seedlings, wherein a cultivation box matched with the method is adopted to replace a traditional seedbed, temperature and illumination can be controlled, and (4) cutting the cutting shoots into seedling culture hole trays to start producing commercial rooting seedlings. The technical method and the matched incubator of the invention improve the growth speed of the cutting seedlings, shorten the seedling raising period, produce seedlings with consistent growth vigor, can breed a large amount of high-quality seedlings in a short time, and provide an effective method for large-area popularization and planting of blueberries.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of seedling culture, in particular to a blueberry industrial cutting seedling culture method and a matched culture box.
Background
Blueberry is plant of Ericaceae, Vaccinium. The blueberry fruit contains rich nutrient components, and has the functions of preventing cranial nerve aging, strengthening heart, resisting cancer, softening blood vessels, enhancing human body immunity and the like. The blueberry is rich in anthocyanin, has the effect of activating retina, can strengthen eyesight and prevent eyestrain, and is listed as one of five health foods of human beings by the international food and agriculture organization.
With the continuous increase of the demand of the blueberry, the production of the blueberry enters the industrialized cultivation stage. However, the seedling breeding period is relatively long and the seedling raising cost is relatively high in China, which is not beneficial to rapid popularization and application of new varieties. At present, the most common blueberry seedling breeding production mode is that after tissue culture and rapid propagation, the tissue culture seedlings are cut outside a bottle for rooting, and the cultivation of the cutting seedlings outside the bottle is usually carried out in a greenhouse or a simple seedling raising box. Traditional seedling raising technology exists and breeds the coefficient low, simultaneously at the cultivation stage of cuttage seedling, to illumination, the temperature, humidity condition degree of dependence is great, warmhouse booth is difficult to guarantee that the cuttage seedling is stable, balanced cultivation condition, and simple and easy seedling raising box upper portion often can influence the daylighting of cuttage seedling because of gathering the comdenstion water, the imperfection of cultivation condition causes the seedling to breed the cycle length, the growing vigor is inhomogeneous, the quality is relatively poor, simple and easy seedling raising box can not pile up and put moreover, area is big, restriction blueberry seedling breeds the scale, be difficult to satisfy the market demand.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that the breeding period of blueberry cutting seedlings is long, the quality of seedlings is poor, and the rapid large-scale production of good new varieties is difficult by combining the prior art, the invention provides an industrial cutting seedling method for blueberries and a matched culture box, and the technical scheme comprises the following steps:
a blueberry industrialized cutting seedling method and a matched incubator are characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) cultivation of blueberry tissue culture seedlings
Selecting a nearly semi-lignified stem segment (requiring a full dormant bud on the stem segment) from a 2-3 year old blueberry robust plant, washing the stem segment and sterilizing an explant, cutting the stem segment into small segments with the length of 2-3cm and containing the dormant bud, and inoculating the small segments in a germination culture medium.
After inoculation, the cells were cultured in the dark for 3 days and then in the light. The temperature of the culture chamber is 22-25 ℃, the illumination intensity is 5000-.
And after the dormant buds sprout, transferring the germinated buds to a multiplication medium for subculture propagation. In order to reduce the clone variation in the tissue culture and rapid propagation process and ensure the stability of the characters of blueberry seedlings, the subculture link in the tissue culture room is controlled within 3 generations.
(2) Treatment of tissue culture seedling before cuttage
According to the demand of blueberry seedlings, after a small amount of tissue culture seedlings (such as 100-. And packaging the seedlings by using a refrigeration storage box to express the seedlings to a seedling field near the planting base.
(3) Continuous cutting propagation of cutting stock seedlings in culture box of seedling raising room
The matched incubator is used in a seedling raising field, the box body is a cuboid, the width of the box body is 54-55cm, and a seedling raising plate can be longitudinally accommodated. The supporting frame around is a hot galvanizing support with corrosion resistance, the bearing part of the box body is made of pc materials and is longitudinally divided into a plurality of independent seedling raising boxes, the internal height is 28-30cm, the upper end part of the side wall of each independent box body is provided with a horizontally opposite U-shaped rail, the upper cover of the box body can be pushed and pulled along the rails, the tail ends of the box door and the rails are correspondingly provided with limiting fixture blocks, the upper edge of the box door is fixedly provided with 1-2cm silica gel brush strips, two sides of the box door are respectively provided with 1 adjustable air hole, the upper part of the outer side of the box door is provided with a handle, the lower end of the box door is connected with the lower wall through a hinge, the opening is convenient, seedlings can be conveniently moved in, moved out and maintained, and meanwhile, when the upper cover of the box body is pulled out and pushed in through the silica gel brush strips on the upper edge of the box door, condensate water on the upper part of the seedling raising boxes can be scraped to avoid affecting illumination. Have the holding chamber between the seedling raising box independent from top to bottom, the fluorescent tube is transversely arranged to the holding intracavity to set up the switch of adjustable illumination intensity. A hygrothermograph is connected in the incubator so as to monitor the environmental index of the cutting seedlings at any time.
Further cutting tissue culture seedlings received from a seedling field into 1.5-2 cm cuttings, dipping the base parts of the cuttings in rooting liquid containing 0.1% of potassium indolebutyrate, 0.5ppm ZT and 0.1% of carbendazim at medium speed for 1-10s, cutting the cuttings in seedling raising trays containing substrates such as wet water moss at intervals of 2cm, placing the seedling raising trays on a matched water-proof tray, and maintaining the seedlings in the culture box.
The temperature of the seedling raising box is 20-25 ℃, weak light culture is carried out for 3-7 days, then the illumination intensity is gradually increased, the seedling raising box is sequentially cultured for 3-5 days under the illumination intensity of 2000lx and 4000lx, and then the illumination intensity is adjusted to 6000 lx.
The substrate humidity was maintained between 50% and 90%.
The fertilizer was sprayed with 0.1% modified WPM solution once a week.
After about 20 days of cuttage, the height of the cutting stock seedling reaches more than 4cm, 1.5-2 cm of the top is cut to be used as the cutting, and a new round of cutting stock seedling cuttage breeding is carried out. The cutting stock seedlings can be continuously and repeatedly propagated in such a way, the cutting stock seedlings can be multiplied by one time every 20 days, and the propagation coefficient can reach 2 in one year15-218And a large amount of high-quality blueberry cutting seedlings are quickly obtained.
The link does not need to wait for the cutting slips to root, and the cutting slips can be adopted for the next round of cutting breeding as long as the height reaches more than 4 cm. The aging condition of the root system of the cutting is not needed to be concerned, and the purpose of the stage is to rapidly breed the cutting seedling.
(4) Cutting the cutting slips from the cutting slips to a seedling raising plug tray to produce commercial rooting seedlings
After the cutting stock seedlings with enough target batches are obtained, 1.5-2 cm of cutting stock seedlings are cut from the tops of the cutting stock seedlings to serve as commercial seedling cutting slips, and the commercial seedling cutting slips are inserted into a 72-hole plug tray filled with wet substrates.
Preferably, the hole tray after cuttage is maintained in the incubator for 1-2 months, and when the height of the rooted seedlings reaches more than 10cm, the rooted seedlings are transferred to a seedling greenhouse for subsequent maintenance.
The technical method and the matched culture box of the invention improve the growth speed of the cutting seedlings, shorten the seedling raising period, produce seedlings with consistent growth vigor, can breed a large amount of high-quality seedlings in a short time, and provide an effective method for rapidly popularizing and planting excellent new blueberry varieties in a large area. The invention has the following advantages: (1) the tissue culture link and the cutting seedling breeding link which have higher requirements on facility equipment and technical level are separated, and the seedling raising box in the method is directly used for cutting seedling in a planting base, so that the transportation cost and the survival rate loss are saved; (2) the incubator adopted in the method replaces the traditional seedbed, greatly improves the seedling number in unit area, can realize controllable temperature and illumination, has uniform and robust seedling growth vigor, and can continuously breed a large amount of high-quality seedlings all year round; (3) the method provided by the invention improves the prior art, improves the propagation coefficient, and can culture large-scale high-quality blueberry cutting seedlings in a short time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural front view of a matched incubator for blueberry cutting seedling in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural side view of a matched incubator for blueberry cutting seedling in the invention;
in the figure: 1. an accommodating cavity; 2. an upper cover; 3. a door handle; 4. an independent door; 5. brushing a silica gel strip; 6. a lamp tube; 7 an adjustable switch; 8. adjustable air holes.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples, which include, but are not limited to, the following examples.
Example 1: a blueberry industrialized cutting seedling method and a matched incubator are characterized in that: the technical scheme comprises the following steps:
(1) cultivation of blueberry tissue culture seedlings
Selecting a nearly semi-lignified stem segment (requiring a full dormant bud on the stem segment) from a 2-3-year-old blueberry robust plant, after the stem segment is washed and an explant is disinfected, cutting the stem segment into small segments with 2-3cm length and containing one dormant bud, and inoculating the small segments in a germination culture medium: WPM + 0.5ppmZT + 0.1ppm NAA + 20g/L sucrose + 6.5 g/L agar (pH 4.5-4.7).
After inoculation, the cells were cultured in the dark for 3 days and then in the light. The temperature of the culture chamber is 22-25 ℃, the illumination intensity is 5000-.
After inoculation for about 1 month, after the dormant bud sprouts to 4cm, cutting the sprouts into small sections of about 2cm, and transferring the sprouts to a multiplication culture medium: performing subculture propagation on WPM + 0.5ppm ZT + 20g/L sucrose + 6.5 g/L agar (pH4.5-4.7). The subculture is carried out once every 1.5 months, and the subculture propagation coefficient is more than 3 times. And (5) preparing for bottle cutting after 2-3 subcultures.
In the process, 1 dormant bud can be changed into 18 groups of tissue culture seedlings with the height of 6-8cm within 6 months (subculture for 2 times) from inoculation to bottle preparation. If 10 dormant buds survive in inoculation and germination, tissue culture seedlings with the height of 180 cm from 6 cm to 8cm can be cultured through half-year subculture.
(2) Treatment of tissue culture seedling before cuttage
Taking out the tissue culture seedling, cleaning the residual culture medium with distilled water at room temperature, shearing off callus at the base of the tissue culture seedling, removing 1-2 leaves at the base, wrapping with moist paper towel, and refrigerating in a self-sealing bag. And packaging the seedlings by using a refrigeration storage box, and express delivery to a seedling field near the planting base within a week.
(3) Continuous cutting propagation of cutting stock seedlings
A matched incubator is used in a seedling raising field, the box body is a cuboid, the width of the box body is 54-55cm, and a seedling raising tray can be longitudinally accommodated. The peripheral support frame is a hot galvanizing support frame with corrosion resistance, the bearing part of the box body is made of pc materials, the incubator is longitudinally divided into a plurality of independent seedling raising boxes, the internal height is 28-30cm, the upper end part of the side wall of each independent box body is provided with a horizontally opposite U-shaped rail, the upper cover 2 of the box body can be pushed and pulled along the rail, the upper cover 2 of the box body and the tail end of the rail are correspondingly provided with limiting fixture blocks, the upper edge of the independent box door 4 is fixedly provided with 1-2cm silica gel brush strips 5, two sides of the independent box door 4 are respectively provided with 1 adjustable air vent 8, the upper part of the outer side of the independent box door 4 is provided with a box door handle 3, the lower end of the box door is connected with the lower wall through hinges, the opening is convenient, the seedling moving, the moving and the maintenance are convenient, meanwhile, when the upper cover 2 of the box body is pulled out and pushed into the silica gel brush strips 5 passing through the upper edge of the box door, the condensate water on the upper part of the seedling raising boxes can be scraped, so as not to affect the illumination. An accommodating cavity 1 is arranged between the upper seedling raising box and the lower seedling raising box which are independent, a lamp tube 6 is transversely arranged in the accommodating cavity 1, and a switch 7 capable of adjusting the illumination intensity is arranged. A hygrothermograph is connected in the incubator so as to monitor the environmental index of the cutting seedlings at any time.
Preferably, 5 layers of independent seedling raising boxes are longitudinally arranged in the culture box, and the seedling raising and maintaining operation of workers is facilitated above the height.
The tissue culture seedlings are cut into 1.5-2 cm cuttings, and each cluster of tissue culture seedlings can be cut into 2-3 robust cuttings. The propagation coefficient of the process is about 2.5.
Dipping the base part of the cutting in rooting liquid containing 0.1% of potassium indolebutyrate, 0.5ppm ZT and 0.1% of carbendazim at medium speed for 1-10s (including), cutting in a seedling tray filled with substrates such as wet sphagna and the like at intervals of 2cm, then placing the seedling tray on a matched water-proof tray, and maintaining in the culture box.
Culturing in seedling room at 20-25 deg.C under low light for 3-7 days, gradually increasing illumination intensity, sequentially culturing under 2000lx and 4000lx illumination intensity for 3-5 days, and adjusting to 6000 lx.
The substrate humidity was maintained between 50% and 90%.
The fertilizer was sprayed with 0.1% modified WPM solution once a week.
After about 20 days of cuttage, the height of the cutting shoot reaches more than 4cm, 1.5-2 cm of the top is cut to be used as the cutting shoot, and a new round of cuttage breeding is carried out. The cutting shoots can be continuously and repeatedly propagated in such a way, the cutting shoots can be multiplied by one time every 20 days, and the propagation coefficient can reach 2 per year15-218And a large amount of high-quality blueberry cuttings are quickly obtained.
In the process, a cluster of tissue culture seedlings with the height of 6-8cm can breed about 160 cuttings with the height of 4cm within 6 months.
(4) Cutting the cutting slips into seedling culture hole trays to start producing commercial rooting seedlings
Cutting 1.5-2 cm from the top of the cutting stock seedling to obtain the commercial seedling cutting, and cutting into a 72-hole plug tray filled with a wet substrate. Directly placing the well-inserted hole tray in a seedling raising greenhouse for conventional commodity seedling production and maintenance, wherein the seedling can take root within one month, and then changing the pot for maintenance, and the seedling can be cultured into commodity rooting seedlings with the plant height of about 50 cm within half a year.
According to the embodiment, if 10 dormant buds survive after inoculation and germination, 180 million commercial rooting seedlings can be produced in 1.5 years in total through half-year subculture propagation in a tissue culture room, half-year cutting stock seedling propagation in a seedling culture room, and half-year commercial seedling production, so that seedlings can be used in a 6000 mu blueberry plantation. By applying the embodiment, the long-distance seedling transportation cost of the 6000 mu blueberry plantation can be saved. The seedling breeding is carried out in the area of the blueberry plantation, so that the seedlings can adapt to local climatic conditions well, and the transplanting survival rate is ensured.
The drawings and description are illustrative in nature and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A blueberry industrialized cutting seedling method and a matched incubator are characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) cultivation of blueberry tissue culture seedlings
Selecting a nearly semi-lignified stem segment (requiring a full dormant bud on the stem segment) from a 2-3-year-old blueberry robust plant, after the stem segment is washed and an explant is disinfected, cutting the stem segment into small segments with 2-3cm length and containing one dormant bud, and inoculating the small segments in a germination culture medium: WPM + 0.5ppmZT + 0.1ppm NAA + 20g/L sucrose + 6.5 g/L agar (pH4.5-4.7);
after inoculation, dark culture is carried out for 3 days, then illumination culture is carried out, the temperature of a culture room is 22-25 ℃, the illumination intensity is 5000-;
after inoculation for about 1 month, after the dormant bud sprouts to 4cm, cutting the sprouts into small sections of about 2cm, and transferring the sprouts to a multiplication culture medium: performing subculture propagation on WPM + 0.5ppm ZT + 20g/L sucrose + 6.5 g/L agar (pH 4.5-4.7), subculturing once every 1.5 months, and preparing for bottle cutting after subculturing for 2-3 times;
(2) treatment of tissue culture seedling before cuttage
Taking out the tissue culture seedling, cleaning the residual culture medium with distilled water at room temperature, shearing off callus at the base part of the tissue culture seedling, removing 1-2 leaves at the base part, wrapping with moist paper towel, and refrigerating in a self-sealing bag for later use;
(3) continuous cutting propagation of cutting stock seedlings
The method is characterized in that a matched incubator is used in a seedling farm, the incubator is a cuboid, the width of the incubator is 54-55cm, the incubator is longitudinally divided into a plurality of independent seedling raising boxes, the internal height of the incubator is 28-30cm, horizontally opposite U-shaped rails are arranged at the upper end part of the side wall of each independent box, an upper cover of each seedling raising box can be pushed and pulled along the rails, limiting fixture blocks are correspondingly arranged at the tail ends of the upper cover and the rails, 1-2cm silica gel brush strips are fixedly arranged at the upper edge of each box door and can scrape off condensed water at the upper part of each seedling raising box, air holes are reserved in the independent box doors, handles are arranged at the upper parts of the outer sides of the independent box doors, the lower ends of the independent box doors are connected with the lower walls through hinges, an accommodating cavity is formed between the vertically independent seedling raising boxes, lamp tubes are transversely arranged in the accommodating cavity, an adjustable switch is arranged, and a hygrothermograph is connected in each seedling raising box;
cutting tissue culture seedlings into 1.5-2 cm cuttings, dipping the base parts of the cuttings in rooting solution containing 0.1% of potassium indolebutyrate, 0.5ppm ZT and 0.1% of carbendazim at a medium speed for 1-10s, cutting the cuttings at intervals of 2cm in a seedling tray filled with substrates such as wet water moss, putting the seedling tray on a matched water-proof tray, and putting the seedling tray in an incubator for maintenance;
setting the temperature of a seedling raising box at 20-25 ℃, firstly culturing for 3-7 days under weak light, then gradually increasing the illumination intensity, sequentially culturing for 3-5 days under the illumination intensities of 2000lx and 4000lx, and then adjusting to 6000 lx;
the humidity of the substrate is kept between 50% and 90%;
spraying and fertilizing once a week by using 0.1% improved WPM solution;
after 2 weeks of cuttage, the height of the cutting shoot reaches more than 4cm, 1.5-2 cm of the top is cut to be used as the cutting shoot, a new round of cuttage breeding is carried out, and the cutting shoot seedlings are continuously and repeatedly bred in the way;
(4) cutting the cutting slips into seedling culture hole trays to start producing commercial rooting seedlings
Cutting 1.5-2 cm of the cutting stock from the top of the cutting stock as the cutting of the commercial seedling, cutting the cutting into a 72-hole plug tray filled with a wet substrate, putting the plug tray after cutting into a seedling raising greenhouse for conventional commercial seedling production and maintenance, changing the pot and maintaining within one month, and culturing into the rooting commercial seedling after half a year.
2. The industrialized cutting seedling raising method for blueberries and the matched incubator as claimed in claim 1, wherein 1 adjustable air hole is reserved on each of two sides of a door of each independent seedling raising incubator.
3. The industrialized cutting seedling raising method for blueberries and the matched incubator as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the supporting frames around the incubator are made of anti-corrosion hot-galvanized supports, and the part of the incubator body is made of pc material.
4. The industrialized cutting seedling raising method for blueberries and the matched incubator as claimed in claim 3, wherein 5 layers of independent seedling raising boxes are longitudinally arranged in the incubator.
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| CN115968784A (en) * | 2023-02-06 | 2023-04-18 | 广州智源农业科技发展有限公司 | Low-cost rapid breeding method for blueberry seedlings |
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