CN103430822B - Aquaculture seed reproduction method for micro seed tubers of konjac - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an aquaculture seed reproduction method for micro seed tubers of konjac, belonging to the technical field of agriculture breeding and propagation. The aquaculture seed reproduction method comprises the steps of segmenting nodular calluses of a petiole and a base thereof of a konjac tissue culture seedling by using a knife, wherein the konjac tissue culture seedling grows until reaching the height of 4-5cm and does not root; washing the tissue culture seedling with water and wrapping the basal of the tissue culture seedling with sponge, planting in a hole plug and carrying out water-planting indoors by using tap water, spraying a nutrient solution once every 7 days after the tissue culture seedling grows for 7 days, wherein the mass ratio of N to P to K to Ca to Mg in the nutrient solution is 23:1:21:4:1, the total concentration of the nutrient solution is 225mg/L, the indoor temperature at night is 10-15 DEG C, the indoor temperature in the daylight is 20-25 DEG C, and the illumination is scattered light; carrying out water-planting for 3 months and then stopping water-planting to ensure that plants naturally suffers from sprout tumble, namely, the mature micro seed tubers can be harvested. According to the method, the micro seed tubers with the weight of 1.5g on average of the konjac can be bred, thus the propagation period of excellent seed tubers of the konjac is greatly shortened, the production cost is low, and the survival rate and the tuber yield reach 85-90 percent.

Description

The water planting breeding method of a kind of konjaku miniature kind of taro

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of konjaku miniature kind of taro water planting breeding technique, belong to agricultural breeding and raising technology field.

Technical background

Konjaku (konjac) is Araeceae Amorphophallus herbaceos perennial, mainly carry out vegetative propagation with bulb, konjaku has at present been bred out good seed by Plant Tissue Breeding biotechnology and has been transplanted to seedbed and carried out stock breeding, and for konjaku kind sexual involution, good species taro is in great shortage provides effective solution.But the cultivation management of konjaku plantlet in vitro is a very meticulous job, technical operation and cultivation condition slightly do not note survival rate and the knot taro rate that greatly will reduce plantlet in vitro, and the cycle of production high-quality kind taro is longer, needs a growth cycle (6-8 months).

Therefore, find a kind of breeding cycle that can shorten konjaku miniature kind of taro, the method being easy to again to breed is the technical problem that this area scientific and technical personnel want to explore for a long time.Up to now, the open report being bred konjaku miniature kind of taro by water culture technology within the shorter time (3 months) is had no.

Summary of the invention:

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention be overcome the training of existing konjaku miniature kind of taro group fast in the cultivation management technology operation of konjaku plantlet in vitro and cultivation condition require height, the survival rate of plantlet in vitro and knot taro rate is easily caused greatly to reduce, and the cycle of production high-quality kind taro longer technological deficiency and deficiency.Its objective is and provide a kind of breeding cycle that can shorten konjaku high-quality kind taro, breeding operation is easy again, is easy to the method surviving, can reduce the production cost of high-quality kind taro.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above and reaching the object of the invention, the invention provides the water planting breeding method of a kind of konjaku miniature kind of taro, the method carries out Plant Tissue Breeding by prior art to konjaku, it is characterized in that:

(1) height of seedling Plant Tissue Breeding produced is the konjaku plantlet in vitro of the not taking root cutting of 4cm-5cm, cutting is separated by the warty callus of the petiole of this seedling and its base portion, then remove the medium of plantlet in vitro base portion with tap water after, with sponge wrapping plantlet in vitro base portion, replanting in the dish of cave uses running water in indoor water planting, plantlet in vitro hydroponics growing is after 7 days, a N:P:K:Ca:Mg mass ratio 23:1:21:4:1 is sprayed every 7 days, total concentration is the nutrient solution of 225mg/L, during water planting, in control room, nocturnal temperature is 10 DEG C ~ 15 DEG C, day temperature is 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, illumination is scattered light,

(2) water planting no longer carries out water planting in 3 months, allows plant naturally fall seedling, can gather in the crops miniature kind of ripe taro.

The plant square that plantlet in vitro described in step (1) is implanted in the dish of cave is 5.2cm × 5.2cm.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the inventive method is:

1, the inventive method substantially reduces the breeding cycle of konjaku high-quality kind taro, and the breeding cycle shortens the time more than 1 times.

The inventive method is groped by a large amount of tests, obtain the technical scheme of water planting breeding konjaku miniature kind of taro, this technical scheme is in the cutting of its plantlet in vitro, the control of diurnal temperature, under the comprehensive cooperation of nutrient solution key technology means, make konjaku plantlet in vitro just can cultivate konjaku miniature kind of taro of average 1.5 grams in the trimestral time, and in existing konjaku miniature kind of taro tissue-culturing rapid propagation, after seedling is taken root in the training of formation konjaku group, seedling hardening of taking root is trained from konjaku group, transplant to cultivating into the konjaku miniature kind of taro needs growth cycle of 6-8 months, konjaku miniature kind of taro could be gathered in the crops, therefore, the inventive method substantially reduces the breeding cycle of konjaku high-quality kind taro, its breeding cycle shortens the time more than 1 times.

2, the inventive method is easy and simple to handle, and survival rate and knot taro rate high (survival rate, to 85-90%, survives i.e. knot taro rate), production cost are low.The inventive method only needs running water, the nutrient solution of low cost, control diurnal temperature and conventional cave dish water planting instrument, easy and simple to handle being easy to of these working conditions realizes, cost is low, overcome the take root cultivation management conditional request of training seedling of existing konjaku group high, slightly do not note greatly reducing the survival rate of plantlet in vitro of taking root and the defect of knot taro rate.

3, the inventive method can repeat 4 cycles in 1 year easily, and can gather in the crops 4 batches of konjakus miniature kind of taro, what improve kind of taro breeds coefficient.

Embodiment

The current existing plant tissue culture technique of embodiment 1 carries out Plant Tissue Breeding to konjaku

Plant Tissue Breeding is carried out to konjaku and can adopt following steps:

(1) explant jigs, jig physically well develop, seed coat is harmless, smooth, spherical slightly ellipse, that bud nest is more shallow, weight is about about 250g konjak corm is explant;

(2) cleaning of explant and vernalization, with running water to explant (bulb) epidermis and clear Xian of bud nest, stop and carry out vernalization process in 28 DEG C of cleaning ambient;

(3) when konjak corm terminal bud grows to 2 ~ 3cm, cut terminal bud, with conventional disinfection method to material disinfection, described conventional disinfection method can carry out by the following method: the terminal bud cut with clear Xian of running water, to sterilize 5 minutes → aseptic water washing 3 times → aseptically strip growing point with the mercury chloride that alcohol surface sterilization 1 second → mass fraction that mass fraction is 70% is 0.1%, be seeded on the medium that prepared, with existing tissue culture technique differentiation-inducing go out seedling, described existing tissue culture technique differentiation-inducing go out seedling can carry out by the following method:

1. Fiber differentiation: above-mentioned sterile-processed material is inoculated in medium: MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.5mg/L+ sucrose 40g/L+ agar 6.5g/L, pH=5.8, cultivation temperature is 22-25 DEG C, and light application time is 9h/d, and intensity of illumination is 1500lx; Warty callus can be formed through the cultivations of 30 days;

2. break up cultivation: proceed in differential medium by above-mentioned warty callus, carry out differentiation and cultivate, differential medium: MS+6-BA0.2mg/L+NAA1.0mg/L+ sucrose 30g/L+ agar 6.5g/L, pH=5.8, cultivation temperature is 22-25 DEG C, and light application time is 12h/d, and intensity of illumination is 2000lx; Differentiation cultivation just can differentiate seedling in 20 days;

3. when seedling grows to 4-5 centimeters high, and when not taking root, water planting breeding method can be carried out by the method described in embodiment 1.

The water planting breeding method of embodiment 2 konjaku miniature kind of taro

(1) water planting is carried out in indoor, first will be cultivated the konjaku plantlet in vitro of the not taking root cutting that the height of seedling produced is 4cm-5cm by conventional organization, separate with the warty callus of sharp scalpel by the petiole of this seedling and its base portion during cutting, then the medium of this plantlet in vitro base portion is washed away with running water, soak 2-3 minutes with the carbendazim that mass fraction is 5%, with sponge as fixture parcel plant strain base portion, implanting seeding row spacing is in 5.2 centimeters × 5.2 centimeters cave dishes, dish plantation 100 strain of each cave, this cave dish is positioned on the water surface of the container (dish) filling running water, then this container (dish) is placed on desk-top culturing rack, between between every layer of table top, square is 35 centimeters-40 centimeters, during water planting, indoor night temperature controls at 10 ~ 15 DEG C, day temperature controls at 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, illumination is scattered light, a N:P:K:Ca:Mg mass ratio 23:1:21:4:1 was sprayed every 7 days after plantlet in vitro grows 7 days, total concentration is that the nutrient solution of 225mg/L is (namely containing N, P, K, the total concentration of Ca and Mg), the preparation of nutrient solution can use ammonium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, be that 23:1:21:4:1 is formulated by the mass ratio of described N:P:K:Ca:Mg.

(2) water planting no longer carried out water planting after three months, take out water container, allow konjaku plant naturally fall seedling, leaf abscission, can gather in the crops average weight ripe konjaku miniature kind of taro of 1.5 grams, what konjaku miniature kind of taro was maximum reaches 3 grams, the konjaku plantlet in vitro survival rate of not taking root during water planting breeding is to 85%-90%, and every konjaku plantlet in vitro survived all has kind of a taro, therefore, knot taro rate also reaches 85%-90%, creates the technique effect of unforeseeable technique effect.

Adopt the inventive method can repeat 4 cycles easily in 1 year, can gather in the crops 4 batches of konjakus miniature kind of taro, what improve kind of taro breeds coefficient.

Claims (2)

1. a water planting breeding method for konjaku miniature kind of taro, is characterized in that:

(1) height of seedling Plant Tissue Breeding produced is the konjaku plantlet in vitro of the not taking root cutting of 4cm ~ 5cm, cutting is cut open by the warty callus of the petiole of this seedling and its base portion, then remove the medium of plantlet in vitro base portion with tap water after, with sponge wrapping plantlet in vitro base portion, replanting in the dish of cave uses running water in indoor water planting, plantlet in vitro hydroponics growing is after 7 days, a N:P:K:Ca:Mg mass ratio 23:1:21:4:1 is sprayed every 7 days, total concentration is the nutrient solution of 225mg/L, during water planting, in control room, nocturnal temperature is 10 DEG C ~ 15 DEG C, day temperature is 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, illumination is scattered light,

(2) water planting no longer carries out water planting in 3 months, allows plant naturally fall seedling, can gather in the crops miniature kind of ripe taro.

2. the water planting breeding method of konjaku according to claim 1 miniature kind of taro, is characterized in that the plant square that the plantlet in vitro described in step (1) is implanted in the dish of cave is 5.2cm × 5.2cm.