CN114023785B - 显示装置 - Google Patents

显示装置 Download PDF

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CN114023785B
CN114023785B CN202111287925.5A CN202111287925A CN114023785B CN 114023785 B CN114023785 B CN 114023785B CN 202111287925 A CN202111287925 A CN 202111287925A CN 114023785 B CN114023785 B CN 114023785B
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light emitting
light
layer
display device
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CN114023785A (zh
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李璟林
李炫运
姜丞鸿
林柏荣
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Interface Optoelectronics Shenzhen Co Ltd
Interface Technology Chengdu Co Ltd
General Interface Solution Ltd
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Interface Optoelectronics Shenzhen Co Ltd
Interface Technology Chengdu Co Ltd
General Interface Solution Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/15Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components having potential barriers, specially adapted for light emission
    • H01L27/153Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components having potential barriers, specially adapted for light emission in a repetitive configuration, e.g. LED bars
    • H01L27/156Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components having potential barriers, specially adapted for light emission in a repetitive configuration, e.g. LED bars two-dimensional arrays
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
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    • G02F1/133602Direct backlight
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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    • G02F1/133606Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336Illuminating devices
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    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09FDISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
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    • G09F9/33Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being semiconductor devices, e.g. diodes
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种显示装置,包括基板、复数个发光元件、复数个荧光单元、保护层、遮蔽层及盖板层,其中各发光元件系以阵列排列方式设置在基板上,各荧光单元则是覆盖在各发光元件的周围,而保护层则是覆盖在所有的荧光单元上,并且保护层在背对基板的一面形成一贴合平面,遮蔽层系设在贴合平面上,盖板层是设在遮蔽层上,藉由遮蔽层遮挡各发光元件侧面发出的光线,用以改善显示质量。

Description

显示装置
技术领域
本发明系有关于显示装置,尤指一种减少显示装置的发光元件之光线互相干扰的结构。
背景技术
对于发光二极管(LED)实现发出白光的方式,目前至少有三种方法,第一种方法是在蓝色发光二极管上覆盖被蓝光激发的黄色荧光粉,蓝色发光二极管发出的蓝光与黄色荧光粉发出的黄光互补形成白光。第二种方法是蓝色发光二极管上涂覆绿色荧光粉和红色荧光粉,通过蓝色发光二极管发出的蓝光与绿色荧光粉发出的绿光、红色荧光粉红光复合得到白光。第三种方法是在紫光发光二极管或紫外光发光二极管上涂布三原色的荧光粉或多种颜色的荧光粉,利用紫外光发光二极管发射的长波紫外光(370nm-380nm)或紫光(380nm-410nm)来激发荧光粉而实现白光发射。
前述的三种发光二极管(LED)实现发出白光的方式,可以应用在液晶显示面板作为背光模块的发光源,例如:使用迷你发光二极管(Mini LED)作为背光模块的发光源,将能够在更小的混光距离内实现更好的亮度均匀性,且由于采用局部调光设计,其拥有更精细的高动态范围(HDR)分区,让黑的更深邃、亮的更明亮,从而大幅提升液晶显示的对比度。另外发光二极管可以组装作为点矩阵显示装置,利用矩阵排列的发光二极管显示文字或图样。
此外,迷你发光二极管并非只是作为实现发出白光而已,也可以直接采用红、绿、蓝三原色的迷你发光二极管实现直显全彩显示装置,直显全彩显示装置具有高亮度、宽色域、高对比度、高速回应、低功耗和长寿命等优势,但是直显全彩显示装置所需迷你发光二极管数量是背光模块的数百倍,因此仅迷你发光二极管的成本一项,直显全彩显示装置就是背光模块的百倍以上,此外直显全彩显示装置更高制造技术难度也迭高了成本。另外,直显全彩显示装置需要每个迷你发光二极管按照灰度等级调节亮度,而背光模块仅需完成十余个亮度调节,因此两者的控制难度也相差一两个数量级。
以白光的阵列显示装置而言,请参阅图1所示,其主要包括基板10、复数个发光元件12、复数个荧光单元14、保护层16及盖板层18,其中各发光元件12系以阵列排列方式设置在基板10上,各荧光单元14则是覆盖在各发光元件12的周围,而保护层16则是覆盖在所有的荧光单元14上,并且在背对基板10的一面形成一贴合平面,盖板层18是设在贴合平面上。但是发光元件12并非只有正面朝上发光,发光元件12的侧面也会发光,使得各发光元件12的光线将会互相干扰,造成显示模糊不清。
为了解决上述的问题,请参阅图2所示,图2与图1的阵列显示装置之差异在于,各荧光单元14仅覆盖在各发光元件12的正面,在发光元件12与荧光单元14的侧面之间填入黑色光学胶19,藉由黑色光学胶19遮蔽各发光元件12侧面发出的光线,使得各发光元件12可以仅从正面发出光线,减少各发光元件12侧面发出的光线的干扰问题。然而荧光单元14是使用点胶的厚度和分布位置不能被精确控制,导致各发光元件12的正面出光的开口大小不一,填入的黑色光学胶19也随之改变形状,进而让阵列显示装置的产品良率变差。
由于上述的荧光单元14是使用点胶方式制作造成产品良率变差,为了解决此一问题,请参阅图3所示,图3与图1的图2与图1的阵列显示装置之差异在于,各荧光单元14仅覆盖在各发光元件12的周围,然后使用雷射清除各发光元件12之间的荧光单元14,使得各发光元件12与其上方荧光单元14之间形成开口,再将黑色光学胶19填入开口之中,即可解决荧光单元14是使用点胶的厚度和分布位置不能被精确控制的问题,但是此一制作方法耗时,无法大量生产,而且制作成本高。
前述的各发光元件12之间的光线互扰问题,也会发生在直显全彩显示装或者背光模块上,其原因是阵列显示装置、直显全彩显示装置或者背光模块三者皆是在基板10上设置发光元件12,若是相邻的发光元件12之间没有任何的遮蔽物存在,将使得相邻的发光元件12之间发生光线互扰问题,但是采用如图2或图3的方法各有其缺点存在,故如何解决发光元件12之间的光线互扰问题,而且产品良率不会变差,并且可以快速、大量且低成本的方式生产,将是目前亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
有鉴于先前技术的问题,本发明之一目的系在基板上的各发光元件之间不会有光线互扰的问题,而且可以快速、大量且低成本的方式生产出来。
根据本发明之目的,提供一种显示装置,包括基板、复数个发光元件、保护层、遮蔽层及盖板层,其中各发光元件系以阵列排列方式设置在基板上,保护层则是覆盖在所有的发光元件上,且保护层在背对基板的一面形成一贴合平面,遮蔽层系设在贴合平面上,盖板层是设在遮蔽层上,藉由遮蔽层遮挡各发光元件侧面发出的光线,用以改善显示质量。
其中,保护层系由透明光学胶涂布在发光元件上所形成的,其可为环氧树脂(Epoxy)或硅氧烷树脂(Silicone),并可进一步添加提高折射率、减少变黄材料。
其中,盖板层系为透明玻璃、蓝宝石玻璃或透明塑料。
其中,各发光元件系可为红色迷你发光二极管、绿色迷你发光二极管及蓝色迷你发光二极管,红色迷你发光二极管、绿色迷你发光二极管及蓝色迷你发光二极管系组成显示装置的其中一个像素。
其中,各发光元件与保护层之间于各发光单元的周围系设有荧光单元。
其中,各发光元件系可为蓝光发光二极管,而荧光单元系可为黄色荧光粉,蓝色发光二极管发出的蓝光与黄色荧光粉发出的黄光互补形成白光。
其中,各发光元件系为蓝色发光二极管上,荧光单元系为绿色荧光粉层和红色荧光粉层所组成,通过蓝色发光二极管发出的蓝光与绿色荧光粉发出的绿光、红色荧光粉红光复合得到白光。
其中,各发光元件系为紫光发光二极管或紫外光发光二极管,荧光单元系为层叠的红色荧光粉、绿色荧光粉层及蓝色绿色荧光粉层组成,利用紫外光发光二极管的紫光或紫外光来激发红色荧光粉、绿色荧光粉层及蓝色绿色荧光粉层产生白光。
其中,各发光元件与各荧光单元之间设有光学强化层,或者各荧光单元与遮蔽层之间设有光学强化层,光学强化层调整各发光元件的发光方向集中向正面朝上,并且可以提高亮度。
其中,遮蔽层系为穿透度为20~40%的黑色油墨,较佳者为穿透度为30%的黑色油墨。
据上所述,本发明的显示装置将可以有效的利用遮蔽层来阻挡相邻的发光元件之间的光线互扰问题,同时使得其他没有发光的区域达到黑化效果,藉以突显出发光区域,而且本发明的显示装置只需要以简单的涂布制程,就可以在保护层与盖板层之间设置遮蔽层,此种涂布制程可以快速、大量且低成本的方式生产本发明。
附图说明
图1为传统阵列显示装置之剖面示意图。
图2为另一传统阵列显示装置之剖面示意图。
图3为又另一传统阵列显示装置之剖面示意图。
图4为本发明之一实施例之剖面示意图。
图5为本发明之另一实施例之剖面示意图。
附图标记:
10、2:基板
12、3:发光元件
14、7:荧光单元
16、4:保护层
18、6:盖板层
19:黑色光学胶
5:遮蔽层
8:光学强化层
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,下面结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明,但并不用于限定本发明。
请参阅图4所示,本发明系一种显示装置,包括基板2、复数个发光元件3、保护层4、遮蔽层5及盖板层6,其中各发光元件3系设在基板2上,各发光元件3尤其是以阵列方式排列在基板2上,保护层4则是覆盖在所有的发光元件3上,且保护层4在背对基板2的一面形成一贴合平面,遮蔽层5系设在贴合平面上,盖板层6是设在遮蔽层5上,藉由遮蔽层5遮挡各发光元件3侧面发出的光线,用以改善显示质量。
在本发明中,保护层4保护发光元件3及维持最高的光通量、最少的光衰减,即是一般所称之封装材料所制作而成,主要为透明光学胶涂布在发光元件3上,通常为环氧树脂(Epoxy)或硅氧烷树脂(Silicone),并且因为环氧树脂预热或紫外光(UV)照射很容易逐渐变黄、老化,进而影响颜色及穿透,尤其温度越高或波长越低时老化速度越快,因此在透明光学胶中可进一步添加提高折射率、减少变黄材料,其中提高折射率的材料,例如:氧化奈米粉体,而氧化奈米粉体之材料可为氧化钛(TiO2)、氧化锆(ZrO2)、五氧化二钽(Ta2O5)或氧化锌(ZnO)等,而减少变黄材料系为四元硫醇硬化剂和含苯环的双硫醇硬化剂。而盖板层6系为透明玻璃、蓝宝石玻璃或透明塑料。又,遮蔽层5系为穿透度为20~40%的黑色油墨,较佳者为穿透度为30%的黑色油墨,在此本发明并不加以局限。
在本发明中,显示装置系可为直显全彩显示装置,而各发光元件3系为红色迷你发光二极管、绿色迷你发光二极管及蓝色迷你发光二极管,且红色迷你发光二极管、绿色迷你发光二极管及蓝色迷你发光二极管系组成直显全彩显示装置的其中一个像素,如此,直显全彩显示装置的各发光元件3可以降低各发光元件3间的光线互扰问题。
在本发明中,显示装置系可为阵列显示装置或液晶显示装置的背光模块,各发光元件3与保护层4之间于各发光单元的周围系设有一荧光单元7。
在本发明之一实施例中,各发光元件3系可为蓝光发光二极管,而荧光单元7系可为黄色荧光粉,蓝色发光二极管发出的蓝光与黄色荧光粉发出的黄光互补形成白光。
在本发明之另一实施例中,各发光元件3系为蓝色发光二极管上,荧光单元7系为绿色荧光粉层和红色荧光粉层所组成,通过蓝色发光二极管发出的蓝光与绿色荧光粉发出的绿光、红色荧光粉红光复合得到白光。
在本发明之又另一实施例中,各发光元件3系为紫光发光二极管或紫外光发光二极管,荧光单元7系为层叠的红色荧光粉、绿色荧光粉层及蓝色绿色荧光粉层组成,利用紫外光发光二极管的紫光或紫外光来激发红色荧光粉、绿色荧光粉层及蓝色绿色荧光粉层产生白光,其中红色荧光粉、绿色荧光粉层及蓝色绿色荧光粉层的层叠顺序部限定,只要是三个层叠包括有红色荧光粉、绿色荧光粉层及蓝色绿色荧光粉层即可。
为了能够更进一步的减少光线互扰的问题,或者是减少遮蔽层5降低亮度的问题,在各实施例中,各发光元件3与各荧光单元7之间设有光学强化层8,或者各荧光单元7与遮蔽层5之间设有光学强化层8,光学强化层8调整各发光元件3的发光方向集中向正面朝上,并且可以提高亮度。
据上所述,本发明有效的利用遮蔽层5来阻挡相邻的发光元件3之间的光线互扰问题,同时使得其他没有发光的区域达到黑化效果,藉以突显出发光区域,另外本发明可以进一步利用光学强化层8来增强发光元件3的光线往正面朝上集中,用以减少遮蔽层5降低亮度的问题,除此之外,最重要的是,本发明的遮蔽层5只需要以简单的涂布制程,就可以被设置在保护层4与盖板层6之间,此种涂布制程可以快速、大量且低成本的方式生产本发明,解决了先前技术的问题。
上列详细说明系针对本发明的可行实施例之具体说明,惟前述的实施例并非用以限制本发明之专利范围,凡未脱离本发明技艺精神所为之等效实施或变更,均应包含于本案之专利范围中。

Claims (8)

1.一种显示装置,其特征在于,包括:
基板;
复数个发光元件,各发光元件设置在基板上;
保护层,所述保护层覆盖在所有的发光元件上,且所述保护层在背对所述基板的一面形成贴合平面;
遮蔽层,所述遮蔽层设在所述贴合平面上,所述遮蔽层遮掩各所述发光元件互相光扰的光源,所述遮蔽层为穿透度为20~40%的黑色油墨;及
盖板层,所述盖板层是设在所述遮蔽层上;其中各所述发光元件与所述保护层之间于各发光单元的周围设有一荧光单元,各所述的荧光单元被所述遮蔽层全部覆盖。
2.如权利要求1所述的显示装置,其特征在于,其中所述保护层由透明光学胶涂布在发光元件上所形成的。
3.如权利要求1所述的显示装置,其特征在于,其中所述盖板层为透明玻璃、蓝宝石玻璃或透明塑料。
4.如权利要求1所述的显示装置,其特征在于,其中各所述发光元件为红色迷你发光二极管、绿色迷你发光二极管及蓝色迷你发光二极管,红色迷你发光二极管、绿色迷你发光二极管及蓝色迷你发光二极管组成显示装置的其中一个像素。
5.如权利要求1所述的显示装置,其特征在于,其中各所述发光元件为一蓝色发光二极管,而所述荧光单元为黄色荧光粉,所述蓝色发光二极管发出的蓝光与所述黄色荧光粉发出的黄光互补形成白光。
6.如权利要求1所述的显示装置,其特征在于,其中各所述发光元件为蓝色发光二极管上,所述荧光单元为一绿色荧光粉层和一红色荧光粉层所组成,所述蓝色发光二极管发出的蓝光与所述绿色荧光粉发出的绿光、所述红色荧光粉红光复合得到白光。
7.如权利要求1所述的显示装置,其特征在于,其中各所述发光元件为紫光发光二极管或紫外光发光二极管,所述荧光单元为层叠的一红色荧光粉、一绿色荧光粉层及一蓝色绿色荧光粉层组成,所述紫外光发光二极管的紫光或紫外光来激发所述红色荧光粉、所述绿色荧光粉层及所述蓝色绿色荧光粉层产生白光。
8.如权利要求1所述的显示装置,其特征在于,其中各所述发光元件与各所述荧光单元之间设有光学强化层,或者各所述荧光单元与所述遮蔽层之间设有光学强化层,所述光学强化层调整各所述发光元件的发光方向集中向正面朝上,并且可以提高亮度。
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