CN114017238B - Hydroelectric generating set, thrust tile adjusting method thereof, load monitoring method and load monitoring system - Google Patents

Hydroelectric generating set, thrust tile adjusting method thereof, load monitoring method and load monitoring system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114017238B
CN114017238B CN202111317462.2A CN202111317462A CN114017238B CN 114017238 B CN114017238 B CN 114017238B CN 202111317462 A CN202111317462 A CN 202111317462A CN 114017238 B CN114017238 B CN 114017238B
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displacement
thrust
micro
thrust tile
tile
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CN114017238A (en
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杨文凯
吴俊伟
王平安
彭毅
舒玉宇
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Hunan Remote Electronics Co ltd
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Hunan Remote Electronics Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
    • F03B11/008—Measuring or testing arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
    • F03B11/06—Bearing arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
    • F03B11/06—Bearing arrangements
    • F03B11/063—Arrangements for balancing axial thrust
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/0009—Force sensors associated with a bearing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/0028—Force sensors associated with force applying means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M1/00—Testing static or dynamic balance of machines or structures
    • G01M1/14—Determining imbalance
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
  • Control Of Water Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydroelectric generating set, a thrust tile adjusting method, a load monitoring method and a system thereof, wherein the axis of each thrust tile, the axis of a corresponding bearing bracket and the axis of a corresponding micro-displacement sensor are all on the same straight line during installation, so that the verticality of the installation of the micro-displacement sensor is ensured, and meanwhile, the micro-displacement sensor is fixedly installed as a part of the hydroelectric generating set, so that the stability of the installation of the micro-displacement sensor is ensured, and the influence of the verticality and the static balance degree of the stability is reduced or avoided; when the measured displacement value of each micro displacement sensor is 0.5-1.2 mm, the micro displacement sensor is fixedly installed, and enough measuring range allowance is reserved for displacement of the subsequent frame after loading load; the measurement displacement values of all the micro displacement sensors are synchronously acquired no matter in an unloaded state or in a loaded state, so that the problem of poor static balance degree of the thrust bearing during installation caused by the difference of time for manually acquiring readings is avoided.

Description

Hydroelectric generating set, thrust tile adjusting method thereof, load monitoring method and load monitoring system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a hydroelectric generating set load monitoring technology, and particularly relates to a hydroelectric generating set, a thrust tile adjusting method thereof, and a load on-line monitoring method and system thereof.
Background
In a hydroelectric generating set, a thrust bearing is called a heart of the hydroelectric generating set, not only bears the weight of a rotor of the generating set, but also bears axial water thrust when the generating set generates power, the installation balance, the working performance and the running state of the thrust bearing are directly related to whether the running of the generating set is safe and reliable, and particularly, along with the continuous increase of the single-machine capacity of the hydroelectric generating set, the requirement on the running reliability of the generating set is higher and higher, and the requirement on the safe and reliable running of the thrust bearing of the generating set is higher and higher.
According to research, in the existing installation process of the thrust bearing of the hydroelectric generating set, a corresponding dial indicator is temporarily installed under each thrust tile, and the dial indicator value is manually and visually read to assist in adjusting the installation balance degree. When in adjustment, each dial indicator is manually set to zero one by one under the state that the machine frame is not loaded with the load such as a rotor, then all loads such as the rotor are loaded on the machine frame, all the dial indicator values are read one by one after the loads are all loaded, the readings after all the loads are obtained and recorded, and after all the readings of the dial indicators are obtained, the corresponding adjustment angle value alpha is obtained through manual calculation by virtue of a formula (1) and a formula (2) n 。
δ p ＝(δ 1 +δ 2 +L+δ i +L+δ n )/n (1)
α i ＝(δ i -δ p )/s×360 (2)
Wherein delta i For the corresponding dial indicator value, delta, of the ith thrust tile p The average value of the dial indicator values corresponding to n thrust tiles, n is the number of the thrust tiles, s is the pitch of the strut bolts, mm and alpha i And the adjustment angle value corresponding to the ith thrust tile.
According to the angle value alpha n The support bolts of the corresponding thrust tiles are adjusted, the frame is restored to the loading states such as the unloaded rotor after adjustment, each dial indicator is manually reset to zero again, and then all loads are loaded again, so that the operation is repeated until the corresponding manual reading value accords with the design target of the hydroelectric generating set, the overall installation period of the hydroelectric generating set is prolonged due to the mode, and meanwhile, due to the influence of human factors in manual reading and the dial indicatorsThe influence of temporary installation stability and perpendicularity factors, the existence of differences in time of manually obtaining readings and other conditions exist objectively, the static balance degree of the thrust bearing is inevitably poor during installation, so that the tile Wen Piancha of the thrust tile of the hydroelectric generating set is excessively large in the operation process (the abrasion abnormality is caused by poor balance degree, so that the temperature deviation of the tile of the thrust tile is excessively large), the operation safety of the set is seriously influenced, and the operation benefit of the set is reduced. Although sensor measurement is introduced to replace the technologies of pointer type instruments, portable reading instruments to replace manual reading and the like, the detection time of the measured data still has a sequential difference when the measured data are manually acquired, the calculation of corresponding adjustment angle values can only be obtained through manual calculation, meanwhile, the sensor adopts a differential inductance principle, so that strict requirements on the specifications and the lengths of used cables are met, the portable reading instruments can only be used for short-distance monitoring on site, and remote arrangement and use on site are inconvenient. In the running process of the hydroelectric generating set, although the problem of poor balance degree exists through the monitoring of the thrust tile temperature, the problem of poor balance degree can be reflected through the tile temperature only after the thrust tile temperature is worn to a certain extent, the problem of poor balance degree cannot be monitored in real time after the monitoring, and the dynamic change of the load on the thrust bearing of the hydroelectric generating set cannot be effectively monitored in real time.
Therefore, how to effectively shorten the installation period of the hydroelectric generating set, improve the installation precision, and realize the real-time monitoring of the thrust bearing load dynamic state in the operation process of the hydroelectric generating set is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydroelectric generating set, a thrust tile adjusting method thereof and a load on-line monitoring method and a system thereof, which are used for solving the problems that the existing hydroelectric generating set has long installation period and low installation precision due to long adjustment time of the thrust tile, and the problem that the poor balance degree cannot be monitored in real time in the running process and the dynamic change of the load on a thrust bearing of the set cannot be monitored in real time.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical scheme: a thrust tile adjusting method of a hydroelectric generating set comprises the following steps:
step 11: arranging a micro-displacement sensor at the bearing bracket mounting part corresponding to each thrust tile, wherein the axis of each thrust tile, the axis of the bearing bracket corresponding to the thrust tile and the axis of the micro-displacement sensor corresponding to the bearing bracket are all on the same straight line, acquiring a measured displacement value of the micro-displacement sensor in the mounting process of each micro-displacement sensor, and fixedly mounting the micro-displacement sensor when the measured displacement value is 0.5-1.2 mm;
step 12: when the frame is not loaded with load, synchronously acquiring measurement displacement values of all micro displacement sensors to obtain initial load displacement of each thrust tile at the same time when the frame is not loaded with load;
step 13: when the frame loads all loads, synchronously acquiring measurement displacement values of all micro displacement sensors to obtain real-time static load displacement of each thrust tile at the same time when the loads are loaded;
step 14: calculating the static load displacement of each thrust tile according to the initial load displacement and the real-time static load displacement, and calculating a static load displacement average value;
step 15: calculating a static displacement difference value of each thrust tile according to the static load displacement and the static load displacement average value of each thrust tile, judging whether the static displacement difference value is smaller than a design requirement value, if so, finishing adjustment, otherwise, turning to step 16;
step 16: calculating an adjustment angle value of each thrust tile according to the static displacement difference value and the screw pitch of the strut bolt;
step 17: and (3) adjusting the corresponding thrust tiles according to the adjustment angle values, and repeating the steps 12-17 until the static displacement difference value of each thrust tile is smaller than the design requirement value.
In the invention, the axis of each thrust tile, the axis of the corresponding bearing bracket and the axis of the corresponding micro-displacement sensor are all on the same straight line during installation, so that the verticality of the installation of the micro-displacement sensor is ensured, and meanwhile, the micro-displacement sensor is fixedly installed as a part of a hydroelectric generating set and is not temporarily installed, so that the stability of the installation of the micro-displacement sensor is ensured, and the influence of the verticality and the stability on the static balance degree during the installation of the thrust bearing is reduced or avoided; when the measured displacement value of each micro displacement sensor is 0.5-1.2 mm, the micro displacement sensor is fixedly installed, and enough measuring range allowance is reserved for displacement of the subsequent frame after loading load; the measurement displacement values of all the micro displacement sensors are synchronously acquired no matter in an unloaded state or in a loaded state, so that the problem that the static balance degree is poor during the installation of the thrust bearing due to the fact that the time for manually acquiring the readings is different is avoided; the micro-displacement sensor is only required to be installed once and fixed, zero setting is not required to be installed again after each thrust tile adjustment, all measurement displacement values are automatically acquired without manual reading acquisition, the overall installation efficiency of the hydroelectric generating set is greatly improved, the influence of manual reading human factors on measurement values is avoided, and the installation accuracy is greatly improved.
Further, in step 12 or 13, the synchronous time base signal is sent to all the micro displacement sensors to trigger all the micro displacement sensors to start synchronously and perform single detection, so as to obtain the measured displacement values of all the micro displacement sensors synchronously.
Further, in the step 14, the static load displacement calculation formula of each thrust tile is:
wherein,,for the real-time static load displacement of the ith thrust shoe during loading, < >>For the initial load displacement of the ith thrust shoe when unloaded, +.>Static load position for ith thrust tileMoving;
static load displacement averageThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows: />Where n is the number of thrust tiles.
Further, in the step 16, the calculation formula of the adjustment angle value of each thrust tile is:
wherein alpha is i The adjustment angle value corresponding to the ith thrust tile is s is the pitch of the strut bolt,is static load shift mean +.>Is the static load displacement of the ith thrust shoe.
The invention also provides a dynamic load monitoring method of the thrust bearing of the hydroelectric generating set, which is based on the thrust tile adjusting method and comprises the following steps:
step 21: when the unit operates, the real-time dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile when the rotor rotates to a certain position is synchronously obtained through all micro displacement sensors;
step 22: calculating the dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile according to the initial load displacement and the real-time dynamic load displacement;
step 23: calculating the dynamic load stress value of each thrust tile according to the dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile;
step 24: judging whether the balance degree is poor or not according to the dynamic load displacement and/or the dynamic load stress value; when the balance degree is poor, an alarm is sent out; otherwise go to step 25;
step 25: and triggering all micro displacement sensors to synchronously acquire and acquire real-time dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile when the rotor rotates to the same position according to the rotating speed of the unit, and repeating the steps 22-24, wherein the same position refers to the position of the step 21.
Further, in the step 22, the dynamic load displacement calculation formula of each thrust tile is:
wherein,,for the real-time dynamic load displacement of the ith thrust tile,/->For the initial load displacement of the ith thrust shoe when unloaded, +.>Is the dynamic load displacement of the ith thrust shoe.
Further, in the step 23, the dynamic load stress value calculation formula of each thrust tile is:
wherein F is i D Is the dynamic load stress value of the ith thrust tile, F is the total tonnage of the unit rotor, n is the number of the thrust tiles,is the dynamic load displacement of the ith thrust shoe.
The invention also provides a thrust tile adjusting system of the hydroelectric generating set, which comprises:
the micro-displacement sensors are arranged at the bearing bracket mounting parts corresponding to the thrust tiles, the thrust tiles correspond to the micro-displacement sensors one by one, the axis of each thrust tile, the axis of the bearing bracket corresponding to the thrust tile and the axis of the micro-displacement sensor corresponding to the bearing bracket are all on the same straight line, the measurement displacement value of the micro-displacement sensor is obtained in the mounting process of each micro-displacement sensor, and when the measurement displacement value is 0.5-1.2 mm, the micro-displacement sensor is fixedly mounted;
the first acquisition unit is used for synchronously acquiring the measurement displacement values of all the micro displacement sensors when the frame is not loaded with load, so as to obtain initial load displacement of each thrust tile at the same time when the frame is not loaded with load;
the second acquisition unit is used for synchronously acquiring the measurement displacement values of all the micro displacement sensors when the frame loads all the loads, and obtaining real-time static load displacement of each thrust tile at the same time when the loads are loaded;
the calculating unit is used for calculating the static load displacement of each thrust tile according to the initial load displacement and the real-time static load displacement and calculating a static load displacement average value; calculating a static displacement difference value of each thrust tile according to the static load displacement of each thrust tile and a static load displacement average value, and calculating an adjustment angle value of each thrust tile according to the static displacement difference value and the screw pitch of the strut bolt when the static displacement difference value is larger than a design requirement value;
and the judging unit is used for judging whether the static displacement difference value is larger than a design requirement value.
Further, the system further comprises a third acquisition unit, wherein the third acquisition unit is used for synchronously acquiring real-time dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile when the rotor rotates to a certain position through all the micro displacement sensors when the unit operates, and triggering all the micro displacement sensors to synchronously acquire and acquire the real-time dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile when the rotor rotates to the same position according to the rotating speed of the unit, and the same position refers to a position corresponding to the position when the real-time dynamic load displacement is acquired for the first time;
the calculating unit is also used for calculating the dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile according to the initial load displacement and the real-time dynamic load displacement; the dynamic load stress value of each thrust tile is calculated according to the dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile;
the judging unit is also used for judging whether the balance degree is poor or not according to the dynamic load displacement and/or the dynamic load stress value;
and the alarm unit is used for giving an alarm when the balance degree is poor.
The invention also provides a hydroelectric generating set, which comprises the thrust tile adjusting system.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
according to the hydroelectric generating set and the thrust tile adjusting method thereof, the axis of each thrust tile, the axis of the corresponding bearing support and the axis of the corresponding micro-displacement sensor are all on the same straight line during installation, so that the verticality of the installation of the micro-displacement sensor is guaranteed, meanwhile, the micro-displacement sensor is fixedly installed as a part of the hydroelectric generating set and is not temporarily installed, the installation stability of the micro-displacement sensor is guaranteed, and therefore the influence of the verticality and the stability on the static balance degree during the installation of the thrust bearing is reduced or avoided; when the measured displacement value of each micro displacement sensor is 0.5-1.2 mm, the micro displacement sensor is fixedly installed, and enough measuring range allowance is reserved for displacement of the subsequent frame after loading load; the measurement displacement values of all the micro displacement sensors are synchronously acquired no matter in an unloaded state or in a loaded state, so that the problem that the static balance degree is poor during the installation of the thrust bearing due to the fact that the time for manually acquiring the readings is different is avoided; the micro-displacement sensor is only required to be installed once and fixed, zero setting is not required to be installed again after each thrust tile adjustment, all measurement displacement values are automatically acquired without manual reading acquisition, the overall installation efficiency of the hydroelectric generating set is greatly improved, the influence of manual reading human factors on measurement values is avoided, and the installation accuracy is greatly improved.
According to the dynamic load monitoring method for the thrust bearing of the hydroelectric generating set, provided by the invention, the dynamic load of the thrust bearing is monitored on line (the change of the dynamic load is fed back through the change of the dynamic load displacement) through the monitoring of the dynamic load displacement, and whether the problem of poor balance degree exists is judged according to the dynamic load displacement and/or the dynamic load stress value, so that the on-line monitoring and judgment of the problem of poor balance degree can be realized, and the effective real-time monitoring of dynamic balance in the running process of the hydroelectric generating set is realized. The whole calculation process is completed synchronously with detection, and manual participation is not needed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawing in the description below is only one embodiment of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for adjusting a thrust shoe of a water wheel generator set in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation of a micro-displacement sensor in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for monitoring dynamic load of a thrust bearing of a hydro-generator set according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the application of different measurement modes of the system in an embodiment of the invention.
Wherein, 1-thrust tile, 2-bearing support, 3-little displacement sensor.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made more apparent and fully by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is shown, however, only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The technical scheme of the present application is described in detail below with specific examples. The following embodiments may be combined with each other, and some embodiments may not be repeated for the same or similar concepts or processes.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for adjusting the thrust tile of the hydroelectric generating set provided by the embodiment includes the following steps:
step 11: and (5) mounting a micro-displacement sensor.
The installation part of the bearing bracket 2 corresponding to each thrust tile 1 is provided with a micro-displacement sensor 3, so that the axis of each thrust tile 1, the axis of the bearing bracket 2 corresponding to the thrust tile 1 and the axis of the micro-displacement sensor 3 corresponding to the bearing bracket 2 are all on the same straight line, a measured displacement value of the micro-displacement sensor 3 is obtained in the installation process of each micro-displacement sensor 3, and when the measured displacement value is 0.5 mm-1.2 mm (preferably 0.7-0.9 mm), the micro-displacement sensor 3 is fixedly installed, as shown in fig. 2.
The thrust tiles 1 and the micro-displacement sensors 3 are in one-to-one correspondence, in the embodiment, the GT/GTL-22 type micro-displacement sensors 3 are firstly arranged in the bearing support 2 installation parts corresponding to the thrust tiles 1 one by one, so that the axis of each thrust tile 1, the axis of the bearing support 2 corresponding to the thrust tile 1 and the axis of the micro-displacement sensor 3 corresponding to the bearing support 2 are all on the same straight line, the installation perpendicularity of the micro-displacement sensor 3 is ensured, and the influence of perpendicularity factors on the static balance degree during the installation of the thrust bearing is reduced or avoided; and manually pushing the GT/GTL-22 type micro-displacement sensor 3 to the bearing bracket 2, so that the micro-displacement sensor 3 has a measured displacement value, and when the measured displacement value is 0.5-1.2 mm, the micro-displacement sensor 3 is fixedly installed by adopting a bolt or a screw, thereby ensuring the stability of the micro-displacement sensor, reducing or avoiding the influence of stability factors on the static balance degree when the thrust bearing is installed, and simultaneously fixedly installing the micro-displacement sensor when the measured displacement value of the micro-displacement sensor is 0.5-1.2 mm, so that enough range allowance is reserved when the micro-displacement sensor is displaced after the load of the subsequent frame occurs. The micro-displacement sensor is used as a part of the hydroelectric generating set, the installation position of the micro-displacement sensor is not changed in the subsequent unloaded, loaded or running process, and only one-time installation and fixation are needed.
In the embodiment, if the measuring range of the micro-displacement sensor is 0-4 mm, the micro-displacement sensor is fixedly installed when the measured displacement value of the micro-displacement sensor is 0.7-0.9 mm. The output end of each micro-displacement sensor is connected with an HTMEL brand SC-III type sensing transmitter, all the sensing transmitters are connected with an HTMEL brand FL-III type monitoring device, and when the micro-displacement sensor is installed, the measuring displacement value of the micro-displacement sensor is obtained through the FL-III type monitoring device. The sensing transmitter is used for acquiring the measured displacement electric signal of the micro-displacement sensor and sending the measured displacement electric signal to the FL-III type monitoring device, and the FL-III type monitoring device is used for converting the measured displacement electric signal and displaying a specific measured displacement value, so that the sensing transmitter actually plays a role in data acquisition, and the monitoring device actually plays a role in electric signal processing and displaying, and therefore, the sensing transmitter can also select other data acquisition modules, and the monitoring device can select other modules (control processing modules) with processing and displaying functions, such as a singlechip, a controller, a microprocessor and the like.
The sensing transmitter is connected with the micro-displacement sensor output cable at a short distance, and converts the differential electric signals output by the micro-displacement sensor into digital signals, so that the cable can be extended for a long distance, and the maximum extension distance can reach 300 meters. The micro-displacement sensor can meet the requirements of measurement precision, external dimension and installation mode required by field use.
Step 12: when the frame is not loaded with load, the measurement displacement values of all the micro displacement sensors are synchronously obtained to obtain the initial load displacement of each thrust tile at the same time when the frame is not loaded with load
The micro-displacement sensor collects displacement electric signals when triggered and does not collect displacement electric signals when not triggered. In order to synchronously acquire the measured displacement values of all the micro-displacement sensors, when the frame is not loaded, a HTMEL brand FLM-IIIP type front end processor is utilized to send a synchronous time base signal f to all the micro-displacement sensors 0 All micro-displacement sensors receive the synchronous time base signal f 0 When triggered, starts and collects corresponding displacement electric signals, monitorsOr other control processing modules synchronously acquire the measurement displacement electric signals of all the micro displacement sensors and convert the measurement displacement electric signals into corresponding measurement displacement values, so as to obtain the initial load displacement of each thrust tile at the same time when the load is not loaded
Step 13: when the frame loads all loads, the measurement displacement values of all the micro displacement sensors are synchronously acquired, and the real-time static load displacement of each thrust tile at the same time during loading the loads is obtained.
In order to synchronously acquire the measured displacement values of all the micro displacement sensors, when the frame loads all the loads, an HTMEL brand FLM-IIIP type front end processor is utilized to send a synchronous time base signal f to all the micro displacement sensors 1 All micro-displacement sensors receive the synchronous time base signal f 1 When the load is loaded, the corresponding displacement electric signals are triggered, the FLM-III type monitoring device or other control processing modules synchronously acquire the measurement displacement electric signals of all the micro displacement sensors and convert the measurement displacement electric signals into corresponding measurement displacement values, and then the real-time static load displacement of each thrust tile at the same time during the loading of the load is obtained
Whether in an unloaded state or a loaded state, the measurement displacement values of all the micro-displacement sensors are synchronously acquired, so that the position of a monitored object is fixed during monitoring, the monitoring effectiveness is further ensured, the reality difference caused by the position change of the monitored object due to the difference of detection time is avoided, the problem that the static balance degree is bad during the installation of the thrust bearing caused by the difference of time for manually acquiring readings is avoided, and meanwhile, the measurement displacement values are displayed through an FLM-III type monitoring device or other control processing modules, the error caused by manual readings is avoided, and the displacement detection precision is improved.
Step 14: according to initial load displacementAnd real-time static load displacement->Calculating the static load displacement of each thrust tile, and calculating the average value of the static load displacement, wherein the specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein,,for the real-time static load displacement of the ith thrust shoe during loading, < >>For the initial load displacement of the ith thrust shoe when unloaded, +.>Is the static load displacement of the ith thrust shoe.
Static load displacement averageThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
where n is the number of thrust tiles.
Step 15: based on static load displacement of each thrust shoeAnd static load shift mean>Calculating the static displacement difference value of each thrust tile, and judging whether the static displacement difference value is smaller than the designIf so, the adjustment is complete, otherwise go to step 16.
The static displacement difference value of each thrust tile is smaller than the design requirement value, which indicates that the design requirement set by a customer is met, the thrust tile is not required to be adjusted any more, otherwise, the adjustment angle value is required to be calculated, and the thrust tile is adjusted according to the adjustment angle value.
Step 16: according to the static displacement difference value and the screw pitch of the strut bolt, calculating the adjustment angle value of each thrust tile, wherein the specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein alpha is i S is the pitch of the strut bolt (the pitch of each thrust tile corresponding to the strut bolt is equal, the unit is mm) for the adjustment angle value corresponding to the ith thrust tile,is static load shift mean +.>For the static load displacement of the ith thrust shoe, the difference in static displacement of each thrust shoe is equal to +.>
Step 17: according to the angle value alpha i And (3) adjusting the corresponding thrust tiles, and repeating the steps 12-16 until the static displacement difference value of each thrust tile is smaller than the design requirement value.
When the adjustment angle value alpha corresponding to each thrust tile is obtained i When the corresponding thrust tiles are manually adjusted, the steps 12 to 17 are repeated to obtain the corresponding adjustment angle value alpha of each thrust tile i And manually adjusting the corresponding thrust tiles, and repeatedly detecting and adjusting until the static displacement difference value of each thrust tile meets the design requirement set by a customer, namely is smaller than the design requirement value.
Step 18: when the static displacement difference value of each thrust tile is smaller than the design requirement value, calculating the static load stress value of each thrust tile, and storing the static load stress value, wherein the specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein F is i J And the total tonnage of the rotor of the F unit is the static load stress value of the ith thrust tile.
As shown in fig. 3, this embodiment further provides a method for monitoring dynamic load of a thrust bearing of a hydroelectric generating set, which is based on the method for adjusting a thrust tile as described above, and includes the following steps:
step 21: when the unit operates, the real-time dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile when the rotor rotates to a certain position is synchronously obtained through all the micro-displacement sensors.
When the unit operates, a HTMEL brand FLM-IIIP type pre-processor is utilized to send a synchronous time base signal f to all micro displacement sensors 2 All micro-displacement sensors receive the synchronous time base signal f 2 When the rotor rotates to a certain position, the real-time dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile is obtainedAcquiring real-time dynamic load displacement for the first time>When the rotor rotates to any position, the rotor can be selected to acquire the dynamic load displacement in real time, and when the rotor rotates to the same position, the rotor can acquire the dynamic load displacement in real time, so as to ensure the accuracy of monitoring the dynamic load displacement.
Step 22: calculating the dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile according to the initial load displacement and the real-time dynamic load displacementThe specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein,,for the real-time dynamic load displacement of the ith thrust tile,/->For the initial load displacement of the ith thrust shoe when unloaded, +.>Is the dynamic load displacement of the ith thrust shoe.
Step 23: calculating the dynamic load stress value F of each thrust tile according to the dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile i D The specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein F is i D Is the dynamic load stress value of the ith thrust tile, F is the total tonnage of the unit rotor, n is the number of the thrust tiles,is the dynamic load displacement of the ith thrust shoe.
Step 24: according to dynamic load displacementAnd/or dynamic load stress value F i D Judging whether the balance degree is poor or not; when the balance degree is poor, an alarm is sent out; otherwise go to step 25.
Setting an early warning value corresponding to the dynamic load displacement and an early warning value corresponding to the dynamic load stress value according to experience, and when the dynamic load displacementWhen the dynamic load stress value exceeds the corresponding early warning value, the problem of poor balance degree is shown, or when the dynamic load stress value F i D When the dynamic load displacement exceeds the corresponding early warning value, the problem of poor balance degree is shown, or when the dynamic load displacement is +>Exceeding the corresponding early warning value and dynamic load stress value F i D When the balance degree exceeds the corresponding early warning value, the balance degree is poor.
Step 25: and triggering all micro displacement sensors to synchronously acquire and acquire real-time dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile when the rotor rotates to the same position according to the rotating speed of the unit, and repeating the steps 22-24, wherein the same position refers to the position of the step 21.
According to the rotating speed of the unit, the real-time dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile can be obtained when the rotor rotates to the same position every time (namely, the real-time dynamic load displacement is obtained once every rotor rotates, and the real-time dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile can also be obtained when the rotor rotates to the same position every time after rotating for a plurality of circles, namely, the real-time dynamic load displacement is obtained once every rotor rotates for a plurality of circles), the dynamic load of the thrust bearing is monitored on line (the change of the dynamic load is fed back through the change of the dynamic load displacement), whether the balance degree is poor or not is judged according to the dynamic load displacement and/or the dynamic load stress value, and the on-line monitoring and judgment of the balance degree poor problem can be realized. The whole calculation process is completed synchronously with detection, and manual participation is not needed.
The thrust tile adjusting method and the load monitoring method provided by the invention are convenient to arrange on site, and can be suitable for on-site installation, debugging, overhauling and debugging of the thrust bearing of the hydroelectric generating set, and also can be suitable for long-term monitoring during the operation of the hydroelectric generating set; the adjustment method of the invention is applied in the on-site installation, debugging and overhaul debugging process of the thrust bearing of the hydroelectric generating set, which can shorten the installation, overhaul and debugging process from a few days to a few hours, greatly shortens the construction period, improves the installation efficiency, simultaneously synchronously measures, converts and outputs the adjustment value in real time, avoids the influence of human factors and improves the measurement precision and the installation precision. The load monitoring method of the invention is applied in the monitoring process of the long-term operation of the hydro-generator set, can fill the blank of no real-time monitoring of the thrust bearing load in the running process of the hydro-generator set before, and meanwhile, the method further ensures the validity and the referenceability of the detection by adopting synchronous detection, the conversion of corresponding detection results is automatically and synchronously completed, the result acquisition hysteresis is low, the real-time state of the thrust bearing of the hydro-generator set can be effectively reflected in time, and the effective guarantee is provided for the long-term reliable operation of the set.
The embodiment also provides a hydroelectric generating set thrust tile adjusting system, which comprises a plurality of micro-displacement sensors, a sensing transmitter, a front-end processor and a monitoring device.
The micro-displacement sensors are in one-to-one correspondence with the thrust tiles, the micro-displacement sensors are arranged on the bearing support mounting parts corresponding to each thrust tile, the axis of the bearing support corresponding to the thrust tile and the axis of the micro-displacement sensor corresponding to the bearing support are all on the same straight line, the measurement displacement value of each micro-displacement sensor is obtained in the mounting process of each micro-displacement sensor, and when the measurement displacement value is 0.5-1.2 mm, the micro-displacement sensors are fixedly mounted.
And the sensing transmitters are in one-to-one correspondence with the micro-displacement sensors, and are used for converting differential displacement electric signals acquired by the micro-displacement sensors into digital signals and transmitting the digital signals to the monitoring device.
The monitoring device comprises a first acquisition unit, a second acquisition unit, a third acquisition unit, a calculation unit, a judgment unit and an alarm unit.
The first acquisition unit is used for synchronously acquiring the measurement displacement values of all the micro displacement sensors when the frame is not loaded with load, so as to obtain initial load displacement of each thrust tile at the same time when the frame is not loaded with load;
the second acquisition unit is used for synchronously acquiring the measurement displacement values of all the micro displacement sensors when the frame loads all the loads, and obtaining real-time static load displacement of each thrust tile at the same time when the loads are loaded;
the third acquisition unit is used for synchronously acquiring the real-time dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile when the rotor rotates to a certain position through all the micro-displacement sensors when the unit operates, and triggering all the micro-displacement sensors to synchronously acquire and acquire the real-time dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile when the rotor rotates to the same position according to the rotating speed of the unit, wherein the same position refers to the position corresponding to the position when the real-time dynamic load displacement is acquired for the first time;
the calculating unit is used for calculating the static load displacement of each thrust tile according to the initial load displacement and the real-time static load displacement (shown in a formula (1)) and calculating a static load displacement average value (shown in a formula (2)); calculating a static displacement difference value of each thrust tile according to the static load displacement and a static load displacement average value of each thrust tile, and calculating an adjustment angle value of each thrust tile according to the static displacement difference value and the screw pitch of the strut bolt when the static displacement difference value is larger than a design requirement value (shown in a formula (3)); the dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile is calculated according to the initial load displacement and the real-time dynamic load displacement (shown in formula (5)); and the dynamic load stress value (shown as formula (6)) of each thrust tile is calculated according to the dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile;
the judging unit is used for judging whether the static displacement difference value is larger than a design requirement value or not and judging whether the balance degree is poor or not according to the dynamic load displacement and/or dynamic load stress value;
and the alarm unit is used for giving an alarm when the balance degree is poor.
And the pre-processor is used for sending out synchronous time base signals under the control of the monitoring device so as to synchronously acquire the initial load displacement, the static load displacement and the dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile.
For the hydroelectric generating set thrust tile adjusting system, a manual measuring mode and an automatic measuring mode can be set, wherein the manual measuring mode corresponds to static load monitoring of the thrust bearing and is used for adjusting the stress balance of the thrust bearing when a new set is installed and an old set is overhauled; the automatic measurement mode corresponds to dynamic monitoring of the load of the thrust bearing, is used for dynamic monitoring of the hydroelectric generating set in long-time continuous operation, and is used for testing the stress conditions of the thrust bearing under different load working conditions in real time on line, and actually reflects the stress working performance of the thrust bearing of the hydroelectric generating set under long-time dynamic load, and the operation mode and the data acquisition mode are shown in fig. 4.
The foregoing disclosure is merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that changes and modifications are possible within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The method for adjusting the thrust tile of the hydroelectric generating set is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 11: arranging a micro-displacement sensor at the bearing bracket mounting part corresponding to each thrust tile, wherein the axis of each thrust tile, the axis of the bearing bracket corresponding to the thrust tile and the axis of the micro-displacement sensor corresponding to the bearing bracket are all on the same straight line, acquiring a measured displacement value of the micro-displacement sensor in the mounting process of each micro-displacement sensor, and fixedly mounting the micro-displacement sensor when the measured displacement value is 0.5-1.2 mm;
step 12: when the frame is not loaded with load, synchronously acquiring measurement displacement values of all micro displacement sensors to obtain initial load displacement of each thrust tile at the same time when the frame is not loaded with load;
step 13: when the frame loads all loads, synchronously acquiring measurement displacement values of all micro displacement sensors to obtain real-time static load displacement of each thrust tile at the same time when the loads are loaded;
step 14: calculating the static load displacement of each thrust tile according to the initial load displacement and the real-time static load displacement, and calculating a static load displacement average value;
step 15: calculating a static displacement difference value of each thrust tile according to the static load displacement and the static load displacement average value of each thrust tile, judging whether the static displacement difference value is smaller than a design requirement value, if so, finishing adjustment, otherwise, turning to step 16;
step 16: calculating an adjustment angle value of each thrust tile according to the static displacement difference value and the screw pitch of the strut bolt;
step 17: and (3) adjusting the corresponding thrust tiles according to the adjustment angle values, and repeating the steps 12-17 until the static displacement difference value of each thrust tile is smaller than the design requirement value.
2. The method for adjusting the thrust shoe of the hydro-generator set according to claim 1, wherein in the step 12 or 13, the synchronous starting and the single detection of all the micro displacement sensors are triggered by sending synchronous time base signals to all the micro displacement sensors.
3. The method for adjusting thrust tiles of a hydroelectric generating set according to claim 1, wherein in step 14, a static load displacement calculation formula of each thrust tile is:
wherein,,for the real-time static load displacement of the ith thrust shoe during loading, < >>For the initial load displacement of the ith thrust shoe when unloaded,/>static load displacement for the ith thrust shoe;
static load displacement averageThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows: />Where n is the number of thrust tiles.
4. The adjustment method of thrust tiles of a hydroelectric generating set according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the step 16, an adjustment angle value of each thrust tile is calculated by the following formula:
wherein alpha is i The adjustment angle value corresponding to the ith thrust tile is s is the pitch of the strut bolt,is static load shift mean +.>Is the static load displacement of the ith thrust shoe.
5. A method for monitoring dynamic load of a thrust bearing of a hydroelectric generating set, characterized in that the method for adjusting a thrust shoe according to any one of claims 1 to 4 comprises the following steps:
step 21: when the unit operates, the real-time dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile when the rotor rotates to a certain position is synchronously obtained through all micro displacement sensors;
step 22: calculating the dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile according to the initial load displacement and the real-time dynamic load displacement;
step 23: calculating the dynamic load stress value of each thrust tile according to the dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile;
step 24: judging whether the balance degree is poor or not according to the dynamic load displacement and/or the dynamic load stress value; when the balance degree is poor, an alarm is sent out; otherwise go to step 25;
step 25: and triggering all micro displacement sensors to synchronously acquire and acquire real-time dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile when the rotor rotates to the same position according to the rotating speed of the unit, and repeating the steps 22-24, wherein the same position refers to the position of the step 21.
6. The method for monitoring dynamic load of thrust bearing of hydroelectric generating set according to claim 5, wherein in step 22, the dynamic load displacement calculation formula of each thrust shoe is:
wherein,,for the real-time dynamic load displacement of the ith thrust tile,/->For the initial load displacement of the ith thrust shoe when unloaded, +.>Is the dynamic load displacement of the ith thrust shoe.
7. The method for monitoring dynamic load of thrust bearing of hydroelectric generating set according to claim 5 or 6, wherein in step 23, the calculation formula of dynamic load stress value of each thrust tile is:
wherein,,the dynamic load stress value of the ith thrust tile is F, the total tonnage of the unit rotor is F, n is the number of the thrust tiles, and the number of the thrust tiles is +.>Is the dynamic load displacement of the ith thrust shoe.
8. A hydro-generator set thrust tile adjustment system, comprising:
the micro-displacement sensors are arranged at the bearing bracket mounting parts corresponding to the thrust tiles, the thrust tiles correspond to the micro-displacement sensors one by one, the axis of each thrust tile, the axis of the bearing bracket corresponding to the thrust tile and the axis of the micro-displacement sensor corresponding to the bearing bracket are all on the same straight line, the measurement displacement value of the micro-displacement sensor is obtained in the mounting process of each micro-displacement sensor, and when the measurement displacement value is 0.5-1.2 mm, the micro-displacement sensor is fixedly mounted;
the first acquisition unit is used for synchronously acquiring the measurement displacement values of all the micro displacement sensors when the frame is not loaded with load, so as to obtain initial load displacement of each thrust tile at the same time when the frame is not loaded with load;
the second acquisition unit is used for synchronously acquiring the measurement displacement values of all the micro displacement sensors when the frame loads all the loads, and obtaining real-time static load displacement of each thrust tile at the same time when the loads are loaded;
the calculating unit is used for calculating the static load displacement of each thrust tile according to the initial load displacement and the real-time static load displacement and calculating a static load displacement average value; calculating a static displacement difference value of each thrust tile according to the static load displacement of each thrust tile and a static load displacement average value, and calculating an adjustment angle value of each thrust tile according to the static displacement difference value and the screw pitch of the strut bolt when the static displacement difference value is larger than a design requirement value;
and the judging unit is used for judging whether the static displacement difference value is larger than a design requirement value.
9. The hydro-generator set thrust tile adjustment system of claim 8, further comprising a third acquisition unit, wherein the third acquisition unit is configured to synchronously acquire, through all micro displacement sensors, real-time dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile when the rotor rotates to a certain position when the set is in operation, and to trigger all micro displacement sensors to synchronously acquire and acquire the real-time dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile when the rotor rotates to the same position according to the rotational speed of the set, wherein the same position refers to a position corresponding to when the real-time dynamic load displacement is acquired for the first time;
the calculating unit is also used for calculating the dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile according to the initial load displacement and the real-time dynamic load displacement; the dynamic load stress value of each thrust tile is calculated according to the dynamic load displacement of each thrust tile;
the judging unit is also used for judging whether the balance degree is poor or not according to the dynamic load displacement and/or the dynamic load stress value;
and the alarm unit is used for giving an alarm when the balance degree is poor.
10. A hydroelectric generating set comprising a thrust shoe adjustment system according to claim 8 or 9.
CN202111317462.2A 2021-11-09 2021-11-09 Hydroelectric generating set, thrust tile adjusting method thereof, load monitoring method and load monitoring system Active CN114017238B (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06173949A (en) * 1992-12-04 1994-06-21 Ebara Corp Thrust magnetic bearing device
JPH10231833A (en) * 1997-02-21 1998-09-02 Toshiba Corp Thrust bearing
CN201474834U (en) * 2009-05-22 2010-05-19 邓隆波 Thrust bearing device in full air cooling type water-wheel generator
CN201474835U (en) * 2009-06-23 2010-05-19 郭新建 Supporting structure of thrust bearing
CN203594551U (en) * 2013-11-20 2014-05-14 杭州力源发电设备有限公司 Sealing structure with thrust bearing of water turbine movable guide vane
CN210198614U (en) * 2019-07-09 2020-03-27 大唐水电科学技术研究院有限公司 Hydroelectric set thrust tile atress monitoring system
CN112816001A (en) * 2021-02-26 2021-05-18 武汉理工大学 Jacking process-based synchronous testing method for load displacement of bearings of multiple support shaft systems

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06173949A (en) * 1992-12-04 1994-06-21 Ebara Corp Thrust magnetic bearing device
JPH10231833A (en) * 1997-02-21 1998-09-02 Toshiba Corp Thrust bearing
CN201474834U (en) * 2009-05-22 2010-05-19 邓隆波 Thrust bearing device in full air cooling type water-wheel generator
CN201474835U (en) * 2009-06-23 2010-05-19 郭新建 Supporting structure of thrust bearing
CN203594551U (en) * 2013-11-20 2014-05-14 杭州力源发电设备有限公司 Sealing structure with thrust bearing of water turbine movable guide vane
CN210198614U (en) * 2019-07-09 2020-03-27 大唐水电科学技术研究院有限公司 Hydroelectric set thrust tile atress monitoring system
CN112816001A (en) * 2021-02-26 2021-05-18 武汉理工大学 Jacking process-based synchronous testing method for load displacement of bearings of multiple support shaft systems

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