CN114009334B - Breeding method of starter propagation wheat - Google Patents
Breeding method of starter propagation wheat Download PDFInfo
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- CN114009334B CN114009334B CN202111526849.9A CN202111526849A CN114009334B CN 114009334 B CN114009334 B CN 114009334B CN 202111526849 A CN202111526849 A CN 202111526849A CN 114009334 B CN114009334 B CN 114009334B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/10—Processes for modifying non-agronomic quality output traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits
- A01H1/101—Processes for modifying non-agronomic quality output traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits involving biosynthetic or metabolic pathways, i.e. metabolic engineering, e.g. nicotine or caffeine
- A01H1/102—Processes for modifying non-agronomic quality output traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits involving biosynthetic or metabolic pathways, i.e. metabolic engineering, e.g. nicotine or caffeine involving modified carbohydrate or sugar alcohol metabolism, e.g. starch biosynthesis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/10—Processes for modifying non-agronomic quality output traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits
- A01H1/101—Processes for modifying non-agronomic quality output traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits involving biosynthetic or metabolic pathways, i.e. metabolic engineering, e.g. nicotine or caffeine
- A01H1/108—Processes for modifying non-agronomic quality output traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits involving biosynthetic or metabolic pathways, i.e. metabolic engineering, e.g. nicotine or caffeine involving amino acid content, e.g. synthetic storage proteins or altering amino acid biosynthesis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/12—Processes for modifying agronomic input traits, e.g. crop yield
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of wheat breeding, in particular to a method for breeding starter propagation wheat. The invention provides a method for breeding starter-making wheat, which comprises the following steps: 1) selecting a wheat variety with grain protein content of more than 13.5 percent and a wheat variety with grain starch content of more than 65 percent for hybridization to obtain hybrid seeds; 2) selfing the hybrid, screening a strain with the same breeding target from selfed progeny for next generation selfing, and selfing for more than 6 generations to obtain the stably inherited starter propagation wheat; the traits of the breeding target include: the grain hardness index is less than or equal to 45, the protein content is more than 13.5 percent, and the starch content is more than 65 percent. The invention introduces germplasm resources with more than 65 percent of starch content and more than 13.5 percent of protein content, creates an excellent type with low kernel hardness and high starch and high protein content by breeding methods such as hybridization, systematic breeding and the like, and cultivates the koji-making wheat with high starch, high protein and low hardness index.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wheat breeding, in particular to a method for breeding starter propagation wheat.
Background
Wheat is one of raw grains for brewing wine, is a main raw material for making starter propagation, is rich in carbohydrates such as starch, cane sugar and fructose, and also contains rich glutenin and gliadin (commonly called gluten), amino acids containing benzene rings and benzene ring structures such as tyrosine and tryptophan in the protein are reasonable in composition compared with amino acids in raw material proteins such as corn and sorghum, and are beneficial to growth of microorganisms, so that the wheat is a high-quality raw material for making starter propagation and brewing wine.
However, most of the existing soft wheat is spring weak gluten wheat, which is not suitable for being planted in the northern Huaibei area and has low protein content. Although the hard wheat in the market contains high protein, the glass content is high, the crushing and the water absorption are not facilitated, the trampled yeast blank is too tight, the temperature rise is fast in the early stage and violent in the temperature rise after the yeast is put into a cellar, the temperature is low in the middle and later stages, the sensory and physicochemical properties of the finished yeast block are deteriorated, the yeast core is easy to mildew, and the quality and the wine output of the yeast are seriously influenced. Therefore, there is a need for a koji-making wheat variety.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for breeding koji-making wheat. The breeding method provided by the invention can breed a starter propagation wheat variety with the seed hardness index less than or equal to 45, the protein content more than 13.5 percent and the starch content more than 65 percent.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a breeding method of starter propagation wheat, which comprises the following steps:
1) selecting a wheat variety with grain protein content of more than 13.5 percent and a wheat variety with grain starch content of more than 65 percent for hybridization to obtain hybrid seeds;
2) selfing the hybrid, screening a strain with the same breeding target from selfed progeny for next generation selfing, and selfing for more than 6 generations to obtain the stably inherited starter propagation wheat; the traits of the breeding target include: the grain hardness index is less than or equal to 45, the protein content is more than 13.5 percent, and the starch content is more than 65 percent.
Preferably, the female parent of the hybrid in step 1) comprises migratory wheat No. 2; the male parent of the hybrid comprises Shannong 19.
Preferably, the screening conditions in step 2) further include: from F 2 ～F 5 Selecting individual plants which show that the inoculation severity of the gibberellic disease is less than 3.75 in the field, the incidence severity of the powdery mildew in the field is less than 3 grade, more than 6 spikes of each individual plant and the powdery grains are preferred.
Preferably, the soil in the screening area comprises sandy soil.
Preferably, the fertilization management method in the screening stage comprises the step of applying the pure nitrogen of the base fertilizer in an amount of not more than 162kg/hm 2 The application amount of pure nitrogen at the tillering stage is not more than 105kg/hm 2 。
Preferably, the screening conditions further include: from F 6 ～F 8 The death rate of tillering seedlings of wheat in the winter period is bred by generation selection<10 percent, the leaf withering rate is below 1/4, the average single-plant tiller number is more than four, the ear number per mu is more than 35 ten thousand ears, the ear number is more than 35 grains, the thousand grain weight is more than 40g, and the grain hardness index is less than 45;
sowing the obtained stable strain in different areas with the latitude difference of more than 0.2 for multi-point adaptability identification, and screening stable plants with the grain hardness index of less than or equal to 45, the protein content of more than 13.5 percent and the starch content of more than 65 percent.
Preferably, the performing multipoint adaptive identification further comprises: and (3) carrying out artificial inoculation identification on gibberellic disease resistance, and screening stable plants which show that the inoculation severity of the gibberellic disease is less than 3.75, the grain hardness index is less than or equal to 45, the protein content is more than 13.5 percent, and the starch content is more than 65 percent in the field.
Preferably, the screening conditions further comprise: the growth period is not more than 230 days, the plant height is less than 70 cm, and the yield is equivalent to that of a local main variety.
Has the advantages that:
the invention provides a method for breeding starter-making wheat, which comprises the following steps: 1) selecting a wheat variety with grain protein content of more than 13.5 percent and a wheat variety with grain starch content of more than 65 percent for hybridization to obtain hybrid seeds; 2) selfing the hybrid seeds for more than 8 generations, and screening stable plants with the grain hardness index of less than or equal to 45, the protein content of more than 13.5 percent and the starch content of more than 65 percent to obtain the starter-making wheat. The invention introduces germplasm resources with more than 65 percent of starch content and more than 13.5 percent of protein content, creates excellent types with low kernel hardness and combined high starch and high protein content by breeding methods such as hybridization, systematic breeding and the like, and cultivates the starter propagation wheat with high starch, high protein and low hardness index.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for breeding starter-making wheat, which comprises the following steps:
1) selecting a wheat variety with grain protein content of more than 13.5 percent and a wheat variety with grain starch content of more than 65 percent for hybridization to obtain hybrid seeds;
2) selfing the hybrid, screening a strain with the same breeding target from selfed progeny for next generation selfing, and selfing for more than 6 generations to obtain the stably inherited starter propagation wheat; traits of the breeding target include: the grain hardness index is less than or equal to 45, the protein content is more than 13.5 percent, and the starch content is more than 65 percent.
In the present invention, the female parent of the hybrid preferably includes migratory wheat No. 2; the male parent of the hybrid preferably comprises shannon 19. According to the special requirements of wheat for making yeast, the invention selects wheat variety whose grain protein content is greater than 13.5% and wheat variety whose grain starch content is greater than 65% to make hybridization, and makes character separation selection on the progeny hybrid wheat so as to obtain the invented yeast-making wheat by screening.
In the present invention, the screening conditions preferably further include: from F 2 ～F 5 The generation selects individual plants which have field expression gibberellic disease inoculation severity of less than 3.75, field disease incidence severity of powdery mildew of 3 grade and less, 6 or more spikes of each individual plant and powdery grains. The invention passes through the pair F 2 ～F 5 The generation character separation selection is carried out on the generation, and the wheat variety with good disease resistance and high yield can be obtained by screening.
In the present invention, the screening conditions preferably further include: from F 6 ～F 8 The death rate of tillering seedlings of wheat in the winter period is bred by generation selection<10 percent, the leaf withering rate is below 1/4, the average single-plant tiller number is more than four, the ear number per mu is more than 35 ten thousand ears, the ear number is more than 35 grains, the thousand grain weight is more than 40g, and the grain hardness index is less than 45; sowing the obtained stable strain at latitude difference>Performing multipoint adaptability identification in different areas of 0.2, and screening stable plants with the grain hardness index of less than or equal to 45, the protein content of more than 13.5 percent and the starch content of more than 65 percent; the soil in the screening area preferably comprises sandy soil; the fertilization management method in the screening stage preferably comprises the step of applying the pure nitrogen of the base fertilizer in an amount not higher than 162kg/hm 2 The application amount of pure nitrogen at the tillering stage is not higher than 105kg/hm 2 . Invention is from F 6 ～F 8 And (3) performing generation character separation, performing comprehensive environment and ecological identification on soil, fertilizer and water, cold resistance, tillering capacity and the like, and screening yield characters, indoor grain quality and the like to obtain the wheat variety with high yield and good cold resistance.
In the present invention, the performing of the multipoint adaptive assay preferably further comprises: carrying out artificial inoculation identification on gibberellic disease resistance, and screening the semi-winter white-skin wheat with the growth period not more than 230 days, the plant height less than 70 cm, the yield equal to that of a local main variety, oval grains, the abdominal furrow depth more than 1mm and the epidermis thickness of 5-8 mu m; the local main-pushing variety is preferably a main-pushing variety of a breeding place. The method for identifying the inoculation against the gibberellic disease is not particularly required, and the method well known by the person skilled in the art can be adopted.
The invention creates an excellent type with low grain hardness and high starch and high protein content combined by introducing the germplasm resources with the starch content of more than 65 percent and the protein content of more than 13.5 percent, and by hybridization, systematic breeding and other breeding methods, strengthens the agronomic character optimization and yield character determination of high-generation materials, and adopts a breeding strategy combining gibberellic disease artificial auxiliary inoculation identification and other natural adversity induction identification to breed the koji-making wheat with high yield, high starch, high protein and low hardness index.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following will describe in detail a method for breeding koji-making wheat provided by the present invention with reference to the examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Simai 1702 selective breeding process
(1) In spring 2010, migratory Siyang breeding base uses migratory Siyang 2 as female parent and shannon 19 as male parent to perform hybridization and matching, and harvest the hybrid F 1 Seed growing;
(2) autumn-2015 2010 summer in Siyang Zi from F 2 ～F 5 Carrying out generation separation, and selecting individual plants which show that the inoculation severity of gibberellic disease in the field is less than 3.75, the field morbidity severity of powdery mildew is 3 grades or less, the ears of the individual plants are more than 6 and the grains are powdery;
(3) from F 6 ～F 8 Starting to apply soil (sandy soil) and fertilizer water (base fertilizer pure nitrogen application amount is not higher than 162 kg/hm) 2 The application amount of pure nitrogen at the tillering stage is not higher than 105kg/hm 2 ) The cold resistance, the tillering capability and other comprehensive environmental and ecological identification are carried out, and 17 stable strains with few tillering seedlings and few death, less leaf withering rate below 1/4, more than four tillers per plant on average, more than 35 ten thousand ears per mu, more than 35 grains per ear, more than 40g thousand grain weight and less than 45 grain hardness indexes are bred through screening of yield traits and indoor grain quality；
(4) Performing multipoint adaptability identification and strain comparison on the material screened in the step (3) in 2016-2017, simultaneously performing saprolegniasis resistance artificial inoculation identification, performing two-year control on adaptability, yield index, quality physicochemical detection and comprehensive resistance comparison, screening stable strains with the freezing severity of below 2 levels in winter and spring, the yield per mu of more than 500kg, the grain hardness index of less than or equal to 45, the protein content of more than 13.5 percent and the starch content of more than 65 percent, and the field powdery mildew, rust disease and saprolegniasis inoculation severity of more than the same level, and finally reserving 3 semi-winterness koji-making wheat strains suitable for popularization and planting in the Huaibei area;
the 3 selected strains are Simai 1702-4, Simai 1702-5 and Simai 1702-7 respectively; wherein Simai 1702-4 strain has plant length of 65.6cm, yield of 565.1 kg/mu, growth period of 225d, field performance of lodging resistance and cold resistance, volume weight of 798g/l, crude protein (dry basis) of 14.39%, dough stabilization time of 2.8min, powder quality index of 40mm, and hardness index of 44.1; simai 1702-5 strain with plant length of 66.4cm, yield of 580.7 kg/mu, growth period of 223d, field performance of lodging resistance and cold resistance, volume weight of 793g/l, crude protein (dry basis) of 14.05%, dough stabilization time of 2.5min, flour quality index of 37mm, and hardness index of 41.6; simai 1702-7 strain with plant length of 69.2cm, yield of 580.4 kg/mu, growth period of 229d, field performance of lodging resistance and cold resistance, volume weight of 808g/l, crude protein (dry basis) of 14.31%, dough stabilizing time of 3.3min, quality index of flour of 46mm, hardness index of 47.2, and 5.8-7.9% increase of 3 strains compared with that of Huai Mai 35.
According to the factors of plant height, growth period, yield, quality, stress resistance and the like and aiming at the special requirements of special wheat for starter propagation, the Simai 1702-4 and 1702-7 strains are continuously kept for field identification improvement; simai 1702-5 extract bin mai 1702.
In conclusion, the breeding method provided by the invention can breed a starter propagation wheat variety with the seed hardness index less than or equal to 45, the protein content more than 13.5 percent and the starch content more than 65 percent.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for breeding koji-making wheat is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting a wheat variety with grain protein content of more than 13.5 percent and a wheat variety with grain starch content of more than 65 percent for hybridization to obtain hybrid seeds; the female parent of the hybrid is the migratory wheat No. 2; the male parent of the hybrid is Shannong 19;
2) selfing the hybrid, screening a strain with the same breeding target from selfed progeny for next generation selfing, and selfing for more than 6 generations to obtain the stably inherited starter propagation wheat; the traits of the breeding target include: the grain hardness index is less than or equal to 45, the protein content is more than 13.5 percent, and the starch content is more than 65 percent.
2. The selective breeding method according to claim 1, wherein the screening conditions in step 2) further include: from F 2 ～F 5 Selecting individual plants which show that the inoculation severity of the gibberellic disease is less than 3.75 in the field, the incidence severity of the powdery mildew in the field is less than 3 grade, more than 6 spikes of each individual plant and the powdery grains are preferred.
3. The method for selective breeding according to claim 1, wherein the soil in the screening area comprises sandy soil.
4. The breeding method according to claim 1, wherein the fertilization management method in the screening stage comprises a base fertilizer pure nitrogen application amount of no more than 162kg/hm 2 The application amount of pure nitrogen at the tillering stage is not higher than 105kg/hm 2 。
5. The selective breeding method according to claim 1, wherein the screening conditions further include: from F 6 ～F 8 The death rate of tillering seedlings of wheat in the winter period is bred by generation selection<10 percent, the leaf withering rate is below 1/4, the average single plant tillering is more than four,Stable strains with a spike number of more than 35 ten thousand per mu, a grain number of more than 35 per spike, a thousand grain weight of more than 40g and a grain hardness index of less than 45;
sowing the obtained stable strain in different areas with the latitude difference of more than 0.2 for multi-point adaptability identification, and screening stable plants with the grain hardness index of less than or equal to 45, the protein content of more than 13.5 percent and the starch content of more than 65 percent.
6. The breeding method according to claim 5, wherein the performing of the multi-point adaptive identification further comprises: and (3) carrying out artificial inoculation identification on gibberellic disease resistance, and screening stable plants which show that the inoculation severity of the gibberellic disease is less than 3.75, the grain hardness index is less than or equal to 45, the protein content is more than 13.5 percent, and the starch content is more than 65 percent in the field.
7. The selective breeding method according to claim 1, wherein the screening conditions further include: the growth period is not more than 230 days, the plant height is less than 70 cm, and the yield is equivalent to that of a local main variety.
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