CN114009209A - Directional clamping conveying ear breaking and complete corn straw harvesting device - Google Patents
Directional clamping conveying ear breaking and complete corn straw harvesting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114009209A CN114009209A CN202111359471.8A CN202111359471A CN114009209A CN 114009209 A CN114009209 A CN 114009209A CN 202111359471 A CN202111359471 A CN 202111359471A CN 114009209 A CN114009209 A CN 114009209A
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- ear
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
- A01D45/02—Harvesting of standing crops of maize, i.e. kernel harvesting
- A01D45/021—Cornheaders
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D57/00—Delivering mechanisms for harvesters or mowers
- A01D57/22—Delivering mechanisms for harvesters or mowers for standing stalks
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- Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)
Abstract
A directional clamping conveying ear breaking and complete corn straw harvesting device is characterized in that a clamping conveying mechanism and an ear breaking mechanism are arranged, half-funnel-shaped ear breaking hands are arranged on the ear breaking mechanism, and during ear breaking operation, the half-funnel-shaped ear breaking hands correspondingly arranged on two sides are combined to directly surround corn straws with ears in an all-dimensional mode, so that the ears are broken in an all-dimensional mode; meanwhile, when the semi-funnel-shaped ear breaking mechanism finishes the ear breaking operation, the ear breaking operation can be carried out in all directions and the pretreatment of complete corn straw collection is realized; after the ear picking mechanism finishes ear picking operation, the complete corn straws are collected at the same time, and the corn straws are fully utilized according to the physical characteristics of all parts of the skin, pulp and leaves, so that the fine development of agriculture can be promoted; meanwhile, the motor is adopted for driving, so that the energy consumption is reduced, and the environment is effectively protected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, and particularly relates to a harvesting device for directionally clamping, conveying and breaking ears and complete corn straws.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the agricultural productivity level in China, agricultural mechanization is a necessary way for realizing agricultural modernization, and the mechanized productivity can improve the agricultural labor productivity, reduce the production cost and increase the income of farmers.
In the harvesting process of the existing corn harvester, in order to avoid resource waste, when the harvester operates in the field, corn straws are directly crushed and returned to the field for silage or biomass energy. Under the background of fine development of agriculture, all parts of corn straws cannot be fully utilized, or after corn ears are collected, the agricultural machinery enters the field for harvesting straws for the second time, so that unnecessary energy consumption is caused.
The existing corn ear and stem harvesting device utilizes a flail knife to crush corn straws after picking off the corn ears. The crushed corn stalks are used for returning to fields for treatment or for silage. The straw returning can cause scab and the like of wheat sowed in the field, and is not beneficial to the development of agricultural refinement.
In order to finely utilize the corn straws, the corn straws are directly and completely collected after the ear breaking operation is finished, so that the energy consumption is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a harvesting device for directionally clamping, conveying and breaking off ears and complete corn straws, aiming at the defects of the prior art, so that the corn straws are completely collected on the basis of harvesting corn ears and corn stalks, and the energy consumption is reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a harvesting device for directionally clamping, conveying and breaking ears and complete corn stalks comprises a reciprocating type cutting knife, a clamping and conveying mechanism and an ear breaking mechanism, wherein the reciprocating type cutting knife is fixed on a base of the clamping and conveying mechanism, and the ear breaking mechanism is arranged on a main frame fixedly arranged above the clamping and conveying mechanism;
the ear breaking-off mechanism comprises a support frame and two chain type conveying mechanisms symmetrically arranged on the support frame, the two adjacent chain type conveying mechanisms are arranged at intervals, a limiting vertical groove is formed in the support frame between the two chain type conveying mechanisms, a bottom end notch of the limiting vertical groove extends to the tail end of the support frame, baffle plates are correspondingly arranged on two sides of the notch to form a grain lifting plate, and a grain blocking plate corresponding to the grain lifting plate is convexly arranged at the top end of the limiting vertical groove;
the ear picking hand is characterized in that each side of the conveying chain of each chain type conveying mechanism is also fixedly provided with a half-funnel-shaped ear picking hand, each half-funnel-shaped ear picking hand comprises a large opening end and a small opening end, and the large opening end of each half-funnel-shaped ear picking hand is positioned above and buckled on the adjacent chain type conveying mechanism when the ear picking hand rotates to the inner side.
A flexible clamping mechanism is further arranged in front of the clamping conveying mechanism, the flexible clamping mechanism comprises a clamping guide wheel set, a transmission belt and a driving motor for driving the clamping guide wheel set to rotate, and the clamping guide wheel set and the clamping conveying mechanism are arranged in parallel;
the clamping guide wheel set comprises two groups of guide wheel mechanisms which are symmetrically arranged, each group of guide wheel mechanisms comprises critical guide wheels positioned at two end parts and limiting guide wheels positioned in the middle part, and the distance between the two groups of corresponding critical guide wheels is larger than that between the corresponding limiting guide wheels;
the transmission belt is correspondingly arranged on the clamping guide wheel group of each group in a transmission way and is driven by the driving motor to rotate inwards.
The flexible clamping mechanism is arranged on the vertical type rack, and the vertical type rack is fixed on the ground.
The conveying chain of the holding conveying mechanism is also provided with a C-shaped shifting finger, and the corn straws with the ears are held and conveyed to the ear breaking mechanism through the C-shaped shifting finger.
The tail end of the clamping and conveying mechanism is also provided with two inclined vertical rollers which are coaxially arranged with the conveying gear of the clamping and conveying mechanism, the lower end parts of the adjacent inclined vertical rollers are meshed by gears and relatively rotate inwards, and the upper end and the lower end of each inclined vertical roller are fixed through a bearing seat.
The rear side of the inclined vertical roll is also provided with a guide groove, and the guide groove is obliquely arranged.
And a guide leaf removing mechanism for removing leaves is also arranged behind the guide groove.
The outer end face of the inclined vertical roller is of a polygonal structure.
The polygonal structure is an 8-12 polygon with even number of sides.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the harvesting device for directionally clamping and conveying the broken ears and the complete corn straws, the clamping and conveying mechanism and the ear breaking mechanism are arranged, half-funnel-shaped ear breaking hands are arranged on the ear breaking mechanism, and the half-funnel-shaped ear breaking hands correspondingly arranged at two sides are combined to directly surround the corn straws with the ears in all directions during ear breaking operation, so that the ears are broken in all directions; meanwhile, when the semi-funnel-shaped ear breaking mechanism finishes the ear breaking operation, the ear breaking operation can be carried out in all directions and the pretreatment of complete corn straw collection is realized;
(2) after the ear picking mechanism finishes ear picking operation, the complete corn straws are collected at the same time, and the corn straws are fully utilized according to the physical characteristics of all parts of the skin, pulp and leaves, so that the fine development of agriculture can be promoted; meanwhile, the motor is adopted for driving, so that the energy consumption is reduced, and the environment is effectively protected.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the ear-severing mechanism;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the inclined vertical roller and the clamping conveying mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the ear-snapping hand;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a guide groove;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the flexible clamping mechanism.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
The invention provides a harvesting device for directionally clamping and conveying broken ears and complete corn stalks, which is shown in figures 1 to 6.
A harvesting device for directionally clamping, conveying and breaking ears and complete corn stalks comprises a reciprocating type cutting knife 2, a clamping and conveying mechanism 3 and an ear breaking mechanism 5, wherein the reciprocating type cutting knife 2 is fixed on a base of the clamping and conveying mechanism 3, and the ear breaking mechanism 5 is installed on a main frame 1 fixedly arranged above the clamping and conveying mechanism 3; the ear breaking-off mechanism 5 comprises a support frame 51 and two chain type conveying mechanisms 52 symmetrically arranged on the support frame 51, the two adjacent chain type conveying mechanisms 52 are arranged at intervals, a limiting vertical groove is formed in the support frame 51 between the two chain type conveying mechanisms, a notch at the bottom end of the limiting vertical groove extends to the tail end of the support frame 51, and baffles are correspondingly arranged on two sides of the notch to form the grain-supporting plates 4, the gap between the two grain-supporting plates is 35mm to 50mm, and the gap value is slightly larger than the diameter of the corn stalks and smaller than the diameter of the corn ears, so that the aim of effectively supporting the corn stalks in the process of supporting and conveying the corn ears is fulfilled, and the corn ears are prevented from falling in the centers of the grain-supporting plates; and a straw baffle 7 corresponding to the straw lifting plate 4 is convexly arranged at the top end of the limiting vertical groove.
Each side conveying chain of the chain type conveying mechanism 52 is also fixedly provided with a semi-funnel-shaped ear breaking hand 53 for cutting corn ears, each semi-funnel-shaped ear breaking hand 53 comprises a large opening end and a small opening end, and when the ear breaking hand 53 rotates to the inner side, the large opening end is positioned above and is buckled with the semi-funnel-shaped ear breaking hand on the adjacent chain type conveying mechanism 52.
The front of the clamping and conveying mechanism is also provided with a flexible clamping mechanism 6, the flexible clamping mechanism 6 comprises a clamping guide wheel set, a transmission belt 61 and a driving motor 62 for driving the clamping guide wheel set to rotate, and the clamping guide wheel set and the clamping and conveying mechanism are arranged in parallel.
In the harvesting device, for good control during testing, the flexible clamping mechanism is arranged on the vertical type rack, and the vertical type rack is fixed on the main rack through a connecting rod horizontally arranged at the bottom.
The clamping guide wheel set comprises two groups of guide wheel mechanisms which are symmetrically arranged, each group of guide wheel mechanisms comprises critical guide wheels 63 positioned at two ends and limiting guide wheels 64 positioned in the middle, the distance between the two groups of corresponding critical guide wheels 63 is larger than that between the corresponding limiting guide wheels 64, and the driving belt 61 is correspondingly arranged on the clamping guide wheel set of each group in a transmission way and driven by the driving motor 62 to rotate inwards.
The spacing between the two sets of respective threshold guide wheels 63 is greater than the spacing between the respective limit guide wheels 64, thereby ensuring that the openings of the clamping guide wheel sets are greater than the spacing between the internal limit guide wheels. In this embodiment, each set of guide wheel mechanism includes 4 clamping guide wheels, and there are two corresponding limiting guide wheels 64; the clamping guide wheel is fixed on a mounting plate of the vertical frame by using a bearing and a bolt, and a small driving motor 62 is connected with a critical guide wheel 63 at one end through a key to realize the rotation of the flexible clamping mechanism; the flexible clamping mechanism is integrally fixed on the vertical rack by using bolts, and the height of the vertical rack ensures that the cornstalk with the ears can completely pass through.
In the corn harvesting process, after reciprocating type cutting knife cutting, the lower end is utilized to clamp the conveying mechanism 3 and the flexible clamping mechanism 6 at the upper end to stably clamp and convey corn straws, dumping after the corn straws are cut is avoided, the flexible clamping mechanism 6 clamps the position on the upper side of the cornstalk heading, the two groups of clamping guide wheel groups rotate inwards relatively, the rotating speed of the conveying mechanism 3 is the same as that of the lower end, the flexible clamping mechanism can also avoid the corn straws from dumping forwards by utilizing the outward rotation of the internal belt after conveying, and the corn straws with the heading are conveyed to the position of the ear picking mechanism 5 more stably.
The conveying chain of the holding conveying mechanism 3 is also provided with a C-shaped shifting finger, and the corn straws with ears are held and conveyed to the ear breaking mechanism 5 through the C-shaped shifting finger.
The tail end of the clamping and conveying mechanism 3 is also provided with two inclined vertical rollers 8 which are coaxially arranged with the conveying gear 31, the lower end parts of the adjacent inclined vertical rollers 8 rotate inwards relatively by adopting gear engagement, and the upper end and the lower end of each inclined vertical roller 8 are fixed through a bearing seat. The conveying gear 31 of the clamping and conveying mechanism 3 is fixed at the bottom of the oblique vertical roller shaft through key connection, and realizes coaxial rotation with the oblique vertical roller 8.
The rear side of the inclined vertical roller 8 is also provided with a guide groove 11, the guide groove 11 is obliquely arranged and has a certain inclination, and the rear part of the guide groove 11 is also provided with a guide wheel set 9 and a blade removing wheel set 10.
When harvesting corn, the C-shaped shifting fingers fixed on the conveying chain of the holding conveying mechanism 3 and the flexible clamping mechanism 6 at the upper end simultaneously stably hold and convey the corn straws with ears to the ear breaking mechanism 5, the ear breaking mechanism 5 can accurately hold and gradually convey the corn straws to two ear breaking hands 53 through the grain lifting plate 4, the ear breaking hands 53 which are separately arranged gradually draw close along with the rotation of the ear breaking mechanism, and the half-funnel-shaped ear breaking hands which are positioned above the large opening ends and on the adjacent chain type conveying mechanisms are buckled when the ear breaking hands rotate to the inner sides. In this embodiment, the ear snapping hands 53 are installed in more than 2 pairs in the ear snapping mechanism, the ear snapping hands 53 are half-funnel type with right-angled triangle cross sections, the straw blocking plate 7 fixed on the ear snapping bottom plate by a single-side bolt contacts corn straws firstly to adjust the posture of the corn straws with ears in the process of holding and conveying the conveying mechanism 3, and after the posture is adjusted, the straw snapping hands are engaged with each other by gears to rotate relatively, and the bottom knife edges of the ear snapping hands 53 fixed to the double-row chain holes through shaft transmission directly act on the fruit stalks at the bottoms of the corn ears to complete the ear snapping operation.
After the ear breaking operation is finished, the posture of the broken corn straws is continuously adjusted under the action of the holding conveying mechanism 3 and the straw baffle 7. Corn stalk passes through oblique edger roll 8 afterwards, under the relative inward rotation of two oblique edger rolls, with corn stalk bottom feeding to hou mian guide way 11, guide way 11 utilizes bolted connection to be fixed in between oblique edger roll and the direction wheelset 9 and have certain inclination, conveniently leads to the transport, and the guide way is with corn stalk directional transport to the mechanism that removes at rear leaf and remove the leaf, then will remove the complete corn stalk after the leaf and collect.
In this embodiment, the bottom end of the corn stalk firstly enters the guide wheel set 9 with a U-shaped groove surface, and the corn stalk after ear picking is conveyed to the rear de-impeller wheel set 10 by utilizing the gear engagement of the guide wheel set 9 to relatively rotate inwards. The de-vane wheel group 10 is a V-shaped de-vane toothed plate with a toothed inner part, one shaft is connected with the four de-vane toothed plates through a round shaft sleeve bolt, the adjacent included angles are 90 degrees, and the upper and lower de-vane rotating wheels rotate in a mutually staggered mode. The complete corn straws after the ears and the leaves are broken off are conveyed out from the rear part for collection by utilizing the relative inward rotation of the guide wheel set and the leaf removing wheel set.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "center", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a directional centre gripping is carried and is broken ears of rice and complete corn stalk harvesting apparatus off with fingers and thumb which characterized in that: the device comprises a reciprocating cutting knife, a holding and conveying mechanism and an ear breaking mechanism, wherein the reciprocating cutting knife is fixed on a base of the holding and conveying mechanism, and the ear breaking mechanism is arranged on a main frame fixedly arranged above the holding and conveying mechanism;
the ear breaking-off mechanism comprises a support frame and two chain type conveying mechanisms symmetrically arranged on the support frame, the two adjacent chain type conveying mechanisms are arranged at intervals, a limiting vertical groove is formed in the support frame between the two chain type conveying mechanisms, a bottom end notch of the limiting vertical groove extends to the tail end of the support frame, baffle plates are correspondingly arranged on two sides of the notch to form a grain lifting plate, and a grain blocking plate corresponding to the grain lifting plate is convexly arranged at the top end of the limiting vertical groove;
the ear picking hand is characterized in that each side of the conveying chain of each chain type conveying mechanism is also fixedly provided with a half-funnel-shaped ear picking hand, each half-funnel-shaped ear picking hand comprises a large opening end and a small opening end, and the large opening end of each half-funnel-shaped ear picking hand is positioned above and buckled on the adjacent chain type conveying mechanism when the ear picking hand rotates to the inner side.
2. The directional clamping conveying ear-snapping and complete corn straw harvesting device according to claim 1, wherein: a flexible clamping mechanism is further arranged in front of the clamping conveying mechanism, the flexible clamping mechanism comprises a clamping guide wheel set, a transmission belt and a driving motor for driving the clamping guide wheel set to rotate, and the clamping guide wheel set and the clamping conveying mechanism are arranged in parallel;
the clamping guide wheel set comprises two groups of guide wheel mechanisms which are symmetrically arranged, each group of guide wheel mechanisms comprises critical guide wheels positioned at two end parts and limiting guide wheels positioned in the middle part, and the distance between the two groups of corresponding critical guide wheels is larger than that between the corresponding limiting guide wheels;
the transmission belt is correspondingly arranged on the clamping guide wheel group of each group in a transmission way and is driven by the driving motor to rotate inwards.
3. The directional clamping conveying ear-snapping and complete corn straw harvesting device as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the flexible clamping mechanism is arranged on the vertical type rack, and the vertical type rack is fixed on the main rack through a connecting rod horizontally arranged at the bottom.
4. The directional clamping conveying ear-snapping and complete corn straw harvesting device according to claim 1, wherein: the conveying chain of the holding conveying mechanism is also provided with a C-shaped shifting finger, and the corn straws with the ears are held and conveyed to the ear breaking mechanism through the C-shaped shifting finger.
5. The directional clamping conveying ear-snapping and complete corn straw harvesting device according to claim 1, wherein: the tail end of the clamping and conveying mechanism is also provided with two inclined vertical rollers which are coaxially arranged with the conveying gear of the clamping and conveying mechanism, the lower end parts of the adjacent inclined vertical rollers are meshed by gears and relatively rotate inwards, and the upper end and the lower end of each inclined vertical roller are fixed through a bearing seat.
6. The directional clamping conveying ear-snapping and complete corn straw harvesting device as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the rear side of the inclined vertical roll is also provided with a guide groove, and the guide groove is obliquely arranged.
7. The directional clamping conveying ear-snapping and complete corn straw harvesting device as claimed in claim 5, wherein: and a guide leaf removing mechanism for removing leaves is also arranged behind the guide groove.
8. The directional clamping conveying ear-snapping and complete corn straw harvesting device as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the outer end face of the inclined vertical roller is of a polygonal structure.
9. The directional clamping conveying ear-snapping and complete corn stalk harvesting device according to claim 8, wherein: the polygonal structure is an 8-12 polygon with even number of sides.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111359471.8A CN114009209A (en) | 2021-11-17 | 2021-11-17 | Directional clamping conveying ear breaking and complete corn straw harvesting device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111359471.8A CN114009209A (en) | 2021-11-17 | 2021-11-17 | Directional clamping conveying ear breaking and complete corn straw harvesting device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114009209A true CN114009209A (en) | 2022-02-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202111359471.8A Pending CN114009209A (en) | 2021-11-17 | 2021-11-17 | Directional clamping conveying ear breaking and complete corn straw harvesting device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115004937A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-09-06 | 河南农业大学 | Fresh corn picking device |
-
2021
- 2021-11-17 CN CN202111359471.8A patent/CN114009209A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115004937A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-09-06 | 河南农业大学 | Fresh corn picking device |
| CN115004937B (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2023-10-27 | 河南农业大学 | Fresh corn picking device |
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