Vehicle side wall unevenness measuring device and measuring method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle side wall measurement, in particular to a vehicle side wall unevenness measuring device and a measuring method.
Background
The traditional measuring method for the unevenness of the profile of the side wall of the vehicle body adopts contact measurement. The contact type measuring method has low detection efficiency, poor measuring precision and great influence by the technical level of measuring personnel, and measured data needs to be manually processed and is inconvenient to store.
At present, the non-contact measuring method mainly comprises an image measuring method and a structured light triangulation method. The image measuring method directly images the side wall of the measured vehicle body through a camera, and vehicle body contour data information is obtained through image processing. The image measurement method directly images a measured target, the measured target is greatly influenced by a measurement environment, and measurement failure is caused by high-light surfaces such as sunlight or lamplight. The structured light triangulation method generally adopts a CCD camera and a laser projector to form a measuring device, the laser projector projects a light bar to a measured object, the CCD camera images the light bar to obtain related data information of the measured object, and the method has the advantage of high measurement precision.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vehicle side wall unevenness measuring device and a measuring method, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a vehicle side wall unevenness measuring device, which mainly comprises:
the measuring system comprises a line structure optical sensor and an imaging device, wherein the line structure optical sensor is used for projecting laser beams to the outer contour of the side wall of the measured vehicle body, and the imaging device is used for imaging the laser beams on the surface of the outer contour;
the positioning system can position the measuring system to be parallel to the side wall of the measured vehicle body before the linear structure light sensor projects the laser beam;
and the control system is in communication connection with the measuring system and the positioning system, and can calculate the width and/or height of the side wall of the measured vehicle body according to the image formed by the imaging device.
Optionally, the positioning system includes:
the non-contact positioning assembly comprises at least two laser ranging sensors, the laser ranging sensors are used for measuring the distance between the measuring system and the side wall of the measured vehicle body, and any two laser ranging sensors are positioned in the same longitudinal reference plane;
a mobile device for loading the measurement system and the non-contact positioning assembly; when the measured values of any two laser ranging sensors are different, the moving device can drive the measuring system to move so that the measuring system is parallel to the side wall of the measured vehicle body;
the mobile device and any one of the laser ranging sensors are in communication connection with the control system.
Optionally, the positioning system further includes a contact positioning assembly, where the contact positioning assembly includes:
the fixed-length positioning rods are arranged on the moving device, at least two fixed-length positioning rods are arranged, any two fixed-length positioning rods are arranged in parallel, and the tail ends of any two fixed-length positioning rods are positioned in the same longitudinal reference plane;
when the measuring system is parallel to the side wall of the measured vehicle body, the moving device moves to enable the tail end of any one fixed-length positioning rod to abut against the side wall of the measured vehicle body, so that the relative positioning between the measuring system and the side wall of the measured vehicle body is realized.
Optionally, the mobile device includes:
the control system, the measuring system and the positioning system are arranged above the mobile platform;
the universal wheel, the universal wheel is provided with a plurality ofly, and is a plurality of the universal wheel set up in moving platform's below.
Optionally, the system further comprises a lifting system, wherein the lifting system comprises:
the longitudinal sliding rail is vertically arranged on the upper surface of the moving platform;
the slider, the slider install in on the longitudinal slide rail, line structure light sensor with image device installs in on the slider.
Optionally, still include with the leveling system of control system communication connection, leveling system includes:
the double-shaft tilt angle sensor is arranged in the center of the upper surface of the mobile platform and used for detecting the tilt angle of the mobile platform relative to a horizontal reference plane;
leveling supporting mechanism, leveling supporting mechanism includes many servo electronic jar, many servo electronic jar equipartition install in moving platform is last, and arbitrary servo electronic jar's telescopic link all runs through moving platform is located moving platform's below is through adjusting each the extension length of servo electronic jar's telescopic link, so that moving platform is on a parallel with horizontal reference surface.
Optionally, a projector is configured in the line structured light sensor, and the projector is configured to project a laser red light beam to an outer contour of the side wall of the vehicle to be detected; the imaging device is a CCD camera which is integrated on the line-structured light sensor.
Optionally, the optical imaging device further comprises a universal rotating table, the universal rotating table is fixedly mounted on the sliding block, and the linear structured light sensor and the imaging device are both mounted on the universal rotating table; the universal rotating platform can drive the line structure light sensor and the imaging device to rotate universally.
Optionally, the control system includes a control cabinet, a display screen in communication connection with the control cabinet, and a power supply electrically connected to the control cabinet.
Meanwhile, the invention provides a method for measuring the unevenness of the side wall of the vehicle, which mainly comprises the following steps:
after the side wall of the measured vehicle body reaches the measuring position, adjusting the measuring system to be parallel to the side wall of the measured vehicle body and positioning the side wall of the measured vehicle body so as to keep the parallel state between the measuring system and the side wall of the measured vehicle body;
leveling the measurement system;
starting the measuring system, firstly projecting a laser beam on the outer contour of the side wall of the measured vehicle, then imaging the laser beam projected on the outer contour, and finally calculating the position information of the side wall of the measured vehicle in the width direction and the height direction of the vehicle by a triangulation method;
and carrying out Poisson surface fitting on the obtained measurement data information to obtain an outer contour curved surface of the measured vehicle body side wall, and then carrying out actual measurement on deviation data of the outer contour of the measured vehicle body side wall relative to a theoretical outer contour and deviation data of single-line flatness to realize measurement on the contour unevenness of the measured vehicle body side wall.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the device and the method for measuring the unevenness of the side wall of the vehicle have simple structure, can level the reference plane of a measuring system before measurement, realize the relative positioning between the measuring device and the measured vehicle body, and have the advantages of high measuring precision, strong anti-interference capability, high integration level, convenient use and the like, and the practicability is strong.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a device for measuring unevenness of a side wall of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a rear view of the device for measuring the unevenness of the side wall of the vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a leveling system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are: 100-vehicle side wall unevenness measuring device, 1-universal rotating table, 2-display screen, 3-control cabinet, 4-moving platform, 4-1-servo electric cylinder, 4-2-universal wheel, 4-3-double-shaft inclination angle sensor, 5-1-longitudinal slide rail, 5-2-slide block, 6-line structured light sensor, 7-laser ranging sensor, 8-fixed length positioning rod and 9-storage battery.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a vehicle sidewall unevenness measuring apparatus 100, which mainly includes a measuring system, a positioning system and a control system. The measuring system comprises a line-structured light sensor 6 and an imaging device, wherein the line-structured light sensor 6 is used for projecting laser beams to the outer contour of the side wall of the measured vehicle body, and the imaging device is used for imaging the laser beams on the surface of the outer contour; the positioning system can position the measuring system to be parallel to the side wall of the measured vehicle body before the line structure optical sensor 6 projects the laser beam; the control system is in communication connection with the measuring system and the positioning system, and the control system can calculate the width and/or height of the side wall of the measured vehicle body according to the image formed by the imaging device.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the positioning system mainly includes a non-contact positioning assembly, a mobile device, and a contact positioning assembly. The non-contact positioning assembly comprises at least two laser ranging sensors 7, the laser ranging sensors 7 are used for measuring the distance between the measuring system and the side wall of the measured vehicle body, and any two laser ranging sensors 7 are located in the same longitudinal reference plane. The contact type positioning assembly comprises a fixed length positioning rod 8, and the fixed length positioning rod 8 is arranged on the mobile device and is perpendicular to the longitudinal reference surface; at least two fixed-length jumper bars 8 are provided, any two fixed-length jumper bars 8 are provided in parallel, and the ends of any two fixed-length jumper bars 8 are located in the same longitudinal reference plane parallel to the longitudinal reference plane. The mobile device is used for loading the measuring system, the non-contact positioning assembly and the contact positioning assembly; when the measured values of any two laser ranging sensors 7 are different, the moving device can drive the measuring system to move so that the measuring system is parallel to the side wall of the vehicle to be measured, and the longitudinal reference plane where the laser ranging sensors 7 are located is parallel to the side wall of the vehicle to be measured; when the measuring system is parallel to the side wall of the measured vehicle body, the moving device moves to enable the tail end of any fixed-length positioning rod 8 to abut against the side wall of the measured vehicle body, so that the relative positioning between the measuring system and the side wall of the measured vehicle body is realized, the parallel state between the measuring system and the side wall of the measured vehicle body is kept, and at the moment, the longitudinal reference plane where the tail end of the fixed-length positioning rod 8 is located is parallel to the side wall of the measured vehicle body and is superposed with the side wall of the measured vehicle body. The mobile device and any one of the laser ranging sensors 7 are in communication connection with the control system, the laser ranging sensors 7 emit laser to the side wall of the vehicle to be measured so as to measure the distance between the laser ranging sensors 7 and the side wall of the vehicle to be measured, and after the control system receives ranging signals of the laser ranging sensors 7, if the measured values of the laser ranging sensors 7 are different, the control system can drive the mobile device to automatically move until the measured values of the laser ranging sensors 7 are the same.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-3, the moving device includes a moving platform 4 and a universal wheel 4-2, and the control system, the measurement system, and the positioning system are disposed above the moving platform 4; the universal wheels 4-2 are arranged in plurality, and the universal wheels 4-2 are arranged below the mobile platform 2 and are uniformly distributed.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-2, the vehicle side wall unevenness measuring apparatus 100 further includes a lifting system, the lifting system mainly includes a longitudinal slide rail 5-1, and the longitudinal slide rail 5-1 is vertically installed on the upper surface of the moving platform 4; the sliding block 5-2 is arranged on the longitudinal sliding rail 5-1 in a sliding mode, and the line-structured light sensor 6 and the imaging device are arranged on the sliding block 5-2.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the device further includes a leveling system in communication connection with the control system, the leveling system includes a dual-axis tilt sensor 4-3 and a leveling support mechanism, the dual-axis tilt sensor 4-3 is installed in the center of the upper surface of the mobile platform 4 and is used for detecting the tilt angle of the mobile platform 4 relative to the horizontal reference plane; the horizontal reference plane is perpendicular to the two longitudinal reference planes and parallel to the horizontal ground. The leveling supporting mechanism comprises a plurality of servo electric cylinders 4-1, the servo electric cylinders 4-1 are uniformly arranged on the moving platform 4, telescopic rods of any servo electric cylinder 4-1 penetrate through the moving platform 4 and are located below the moving platform 4, and the bottom ends of the telescopic rods of the servo electric cylinders 4-1 are used for abutting against the ground or the upper surface of other platforms. Any servo electric cylinder 4-1 is fixedly connected with the moving platform 4, and the levelness of the moving platform 4 can be adjusted by adjusting the extension length of the telescopic rod of each servo electric cylinder 4-1 until the moving platform 4 is parallel to the horizontal reference surface, so that the longitudinal slide rail 5-1 is ensured to be perpendicular to the horizontal reference surface, and the slide block 5-2 is kept to be vertically lifted.
In this embodiment, a projector is disposed in the linear structured light sensor 6, and the projector is used for projecting a laser red light beam to the outer contour of the side wall of the vehicle to be detected; the imaging device is preferably a CCD camera which is integrated on the line structured light sensor 6.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-2, the optical imaging device further includes a universal rotary table 1 fixedly mounted at the middle position of the slider 5-2, and the linear structured light sensor 6 and the imaging device are both mounted on the universal rotary table 1; the universal rotary table 1 can drive the line structured light sensor 6 and the imaging device to rotate universally. Wherein, universal revolving stage 1 is electronic revolving stage, and it is connected with above-mentioned control system communication, and universal revolving stage 1 can drive line structure light sensor 6 and imaging device under control system's control and rotate around X axle, Y axle and the Z axle in the space, and then realizes line structure light sensor 6 and imaging device's universal rotation, is convenient for detect the determinand of different position departments. The universal rotating platform 1 is a conventional one, and the rotation principle is similar to that of a universal bearing, which is not described herein again.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-2, the control system includes a control cabinet 3, a display screen 2 communicatively connected to the control cabinet 3, and a power supply electrically connected to the control cabinet 3. The power supply is arranged on the mobile platform 4 and can supply power to all electric components in the whole vehicle side wall unevenness measuring device 100. The display screen 2 is preferably a touch display screen and is arranged on the longitudinal slide rail 5-1; in actual operation, the control cabinet 3 can be controlled through the display screen 2, so that the control cabinet 3 can automatically control each part.
The following describes a method for measuring the unevenness of the side wall of the vehicle based on the above-mentioned apparatus 100 for measuring the unevenness of the side wall of the vehicle. The vehicle side wall unevenness measuring device 100 is provided with two laser ranging sensors 7 and two fixed length positioning rods 8 respectively, the laser ranging sensors 7 and the fixed length positioning rods 8 are mounted on the longitudinal slide rails 5-1, and the two fixed length positioning rods 8 are equal in length and perpendicular to the longitudinal slide rails 5-1. The head end of the fixed length positioning rod 8 is hinged to the longitudinal slide rail 5-1, when the fixed length positioning rod 8 is not needed to be used, the fixed length positioning rod 8 is folded and folded to be tightly attached to the longitudinal slide rail 5-1, but when the fixed length positioning rod 8 is needed to be used, the fixed length positioning rod 8 is unfolded outwards by 90 degrees, the fixed length positioning rod 8 cannot continuously rotate at the moment, and the fixed length positioning rod 8 is perpendicular to the longitudinal slide rail 5-1.
In this embodiment, the method for measuring the unevenness of the side wall of the vehicle specifically includes:
1) after the measured vehicle body reaches the measuring position, firstly starting non-contact positioning: starting 2 laser ranging sensors 7, and adjusting the position of the mobile platform 4 to enable the measuring system to be parallel to the side wall of the measured vehicle body; then, starting contact positioning: horizontally unfolding 2 fixed-length positioning rods 8, and simultaneously jacking the tail ends of the positioning rods to the side wall of the measured vehicle body to ensure that the plane of a measuring system is parallel to the plane where the side wall of the measured vehicle body is located;
2) after the measured vehicle body reaches the measuring position, the measuring system is started, the inclination angle of the mobile platform relative to the horizontal reference surface is measured through a double-shaft inclination angle sensor 4-3 fixed at the center of the mobile platform 4, and the inclination angle is fed back to the leveling system of the control system. The automatic leveling mode comprises the following steps: the leveling system takes 3 servo electric cylinders 4-1 as a system leveling support mechanism, and adjusts the levelness of the mobile platform 4 through the output quantity of piston rods of the servo electric cylinders 4-1, so as to ensure that longitudinal slide rails 5-1 on the mobile platform 4 are vertical to the ground (the horizontal reference surface); manual leveling mode: according to information fed back by the double-shaft tilt angle sensor 4-3, the plane of the mobile platform 4 can be leveled by adjusting a screw mechanism on the 4 universal wheels 4-2 manually, and the vertical slide rail 5-1 on the mobile platform 4 is ensured to be vertical to the ground (the horizontal reference plane);
3) starting the linear structure light sensor 6, projecting laser red light beams to the outer contour of the side wall of the measured vehicle body by a projector in the linear structure light sensor 6, imaging the laser beams projected on the surface of the vehicle body contour by a CCD camera, calculating the position information of the measured target in two directions of the vehicle body width Y-axis direction and the vehicle body height Z-axis direction by a triangulation method, and enabling the linear structure light sensor 6 to move up and down through a slide rail parallel to the vehicle body height Z-axis direction, namely a longitudinal slide rail 5-1, so as to realize the measurement of the whole side wall section contour in the vehicle body height direction; the triangulation method is characterized in that only two-dimensional information in one section is given, a system measures position information of a measured vehicle body along the length of the vehicle body, namely the X-axis direction, through a linear slide rail, and spatial three-dimensional information of the measured point can be measured by combining information of a YZ axis (position information in two directions of the Y-axis direction of the vehicle body width and the Z-axis direction of the vehicle body height) measured by a sensor;
4) the high-precision universal rotary table 1 drives the line structure optical sensor 6 and the CCD camera to measure contour lines in any direction;
5) the mobile platform 4 drives the measuring system to move along the two sides of the vehicle body, so that the profile data of any position on the two sides of the vehicle body can be measured;
6) carrying out Poisson surface fitting on the obtained measurement data information to obtain a measured vehicle side wall outer contour curved surface, and then carrying out deviation data of the measured vehicle side wall contour relative to a theoretical outer contour and deviation data of single-line flatness, thereby realizing measurement and evaluation of the measured vehicle side wall contour unevenness, namely flatness of the vehicle side wall outer contour surface;
7) after the unevenness of the outline of the side wall of the vehicle body is measured, the fixed-length positioning rod 8 and the servo electric cylinder 4-1 are retracted, and the movement is stopped when the side wall returns to the initial position. The 'unevenness' judgment is based on the production process precision requirement of the enterprise product, for example, the unevenness is required to be not more than 1mm, namely, the unevenness is qualified as long as the unevenness does not exceed the value, and the unevenness is unqualified if the unevenness exceeds the value.
Therefore, the device and the method for measuring the unevenness of the side wall of the vehicle have the advantages of simple structure, capability of leveling the reference plane of the measuring system before measurement, realization of relative positioning between the measuring device and the measured vehicle body, high measuring precision, high anti-interference capability, high integration level, convenience in use and the like, and high practicability. In addition, the vehicle side wall unevenness measuring device can detect the section profile of the whole vehicle side wall of the vehicle body and the unidirectional flatness of the outer plate of the whole vehicle side wall, measure the flatness of the outer surface of the vehicle side wall and provide adjustment and repair data; the device can also display the measurement data of a corresponding position by inputting a certain position; the device can provide the deviation data of the measured outer contour of the side wall relative to the theoretical outer contour, and then the flatness of the outer contour of the side wall is obtained.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference signs in the claims are not intended to be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.