CN113983144B - Space shafting becomes preload mechanism based on SMA silk and spiral friction pair - Google Patents
Space shafting becomes preload mechanism based on SMA silk and spiral friction pair Download PDFInfo
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- CN113983144B CN113983144B CN202111120337.2A CN202111120337A CN113983144B CN 113983144 B CN113983144 B CN 113983144B CN 202111120337 A CN202111120337 A CN 202111120337A CN 113983144 B CN113983144 B CN 113983144B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/0018—Shaft assemblies for gearings
- F16H57/0025—Shaft assemblies for gearings with gearing elements rigidly connected to a shaft, e.g. securing gears or pulleys by specially adapted splines, keys or methods
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/021—Shaft support structures, e.g. partition walls, bearing eyes, casing walls or covers with bearings
- F16H57/022—Adjustment of gear shafts or bearings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Support Of The Bearing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a space shafting becomes preload mechanism based on SMA silk and spiral friction pair, and this mechanism includes 1 diagonal contact ball bearing, SMA silk, spiral rotor ring, spiral stator ring, thrust needle bearing, bearing frame, bearing inner ring end cover, bearing outer ring end cover, bush, ripple spring leaf. The spiral rotor ring and the spiral stator ring are arranged between the ball bearing outer rings, and two ends of the SMA wire are connected to the outer surfaces of the two spiral rings and used for driving the spiral rotor ring to rotate. When the mechanism is assembled, the mechanism can maintain large preload in the shaft assembly stage due to the self-locking characteristic of the spiral contact surface; when the mechanism changes load, the SMA wire drives the spiral rotor ring, so that the integral axial length of the SMA wire and the spiral stator ring after the SMA wire and the spiral stator ring are matched is changed, and proper preload is provided for shafting rotation. The space shafting variable preload mechanism designed by the invention is simple and compact, can change load in multiple phases, is convenient for processing and ground testing, and meets the related technical requirements of a space shafting on a light and efficient driving mechanism.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shafting preload adjusting mechanisms, in particular to a space shafting preload adjusting mechanism with multiphase preload adjustment.
Background
The space shafting is an important component part of servo rotation type aerospace products such as a solar sailboard driving mechanism, a control moment gyroscope, a space control mechanical arm and the like, and the space electromechanical products need to have higher rigidity to resist vibration and impact in the transmitting process when being transmitted; after the transmission is in orbit, in order to ensure the rotation precision and the service life of the product, the shafting is hoped to have smaller friction resistance moment and fluctuation amount so as to realize high-precision servo control. The existing technical means is that the space shafting is preloaded, so that the space shafting has enough rigidity to resist dynamic load generated during rocket launching, and the space shafting is overlarge in friction resistance during on-orbit working and aggravated in temperature rise due to the fact that the space shafting is relieved by no corresponding technical means after the space vehicle is in orbit, and the service life and the rotation precision are seriously influenced.
Based on the driving principles of hydraulic pressure, electromagnetism, piezoelectricity and the like, a plurality of shafting variable preload mechanisms have been developed at home and abroad, and the mechanisms often have huge accessory systems, so that the variable preload mechanisms are severely limited in application in spacecrafts due to the specificity of space environment. In recent years, aiming at the variable preload requirement of a shafting in a space use environment, a bistable beam active variable preload mechanism is developed in a European space tribology laboratory, an SMA column array variable preload mechanism is developed by a French ADR company, and the two schemes have the advantages of high reliability, good driving precision and the like, but the bistable beam active variable preload mechanism has a complex structure, high processing difficulty and can only realize high-low two-phase preload adjustment, and the SMA column array variable preload mechanism has low response speed, poor synchronism and complex processing technology of an SMA column, and has higher cost for ground test.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the problems of oversized size, complex structure, high processing difficulty, limited load-changing capability, inconvenient ground test and the like in the prior art, and provides a space shafting variable preload mechanism which has a simple and compact structural form, can change loads in multiple phases and is convenient for processing and ground test aiming at the use requirement of a space shafting.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that: space shafting becomes preload mechanism based on SMA silk and spiral friction pair specifically includes: angular contact ball bearing, SMA wire, spiral rotor ring, spiral stator ring, thrust needle bearing, bearing frame, bearing inner ring end cover, bearing outer ring end cover, bush, ripple spring piece.
The angular contact ball bearings are 1 pair, the inner ring part of the angular contact ball bearings is a rotating part, the inner ring part is matched with a shaft shoulder section extending out of an inner ring end cover of the bearing, and the inner ring end cover of the bearing is connected with a servo motor so as to drive the inner ring of the angular contact ball bearings to rotate at a set rotating speed; a bushing is arranged between the two angular contact ball bearings to jointly form a force transmission loop; the outer ring portion of the angular contact ball bearing is a stationary member supported on the bearing housing. The spiral rotor ring, the spiral stator ring and the thrust needle bearing are arranged between the outer rings of the angular contact ball bearings. The two ends of the SMA wire are respectively connected to the outer surfaces of the spiral rotor ring and the spiral stator ring and used for driving the spiral rotor ring to rotate. The corrugated spring piece is arranged between the outer ring end face of the angular contact ball bearing and the outer ring end cover of the bearing and is used for pressing the outer ring of the angular contact ball bearing.
When the mechanism is assembled, axial load is applied to the inner ring of the angular contact ball bearing by screwing the connecting screw between the end covers of the inner ring of the bearing, and the load is transmitted to the outer ring of the angular contact ball bearing through the rolling bodies, so that bearing play is eliminated, and at the moment, the pre-load of the shafting is at a higher level, so that transient load of the launching stage of the spacecraft can be resisted.
When the mechanism changes load, the SMA wire is electrified and heated, so that the SMA wire is heated to change phase and shrink, the spiral rotor ring is driven to rotate, the integral axial length of the spiral rotor ring and the spiral stator ring after being matched is changed, and the preload level of the shafting is adjusted.
When the bearing is required to be reset, two long screws penetrate through square holes on the outer surface of the bearing seat and are screwed into reset threaded holes on the spiral rotor ring and the spiral stator ring, and the spiral rotor ring is reversely rotated, so that the outer ring of the angular contact ball bearing is tightly propped up, the bearing preload is improved, and the mechanism is restored to the state during initial assembly.
Furthermore, the 1-pair angle contact ball bearings are installed back to back, so that the shafting can bear radial load and axial load.
Furthermore, the outer ring of the 1-pair angle contact ball bearing is in small clearance fit with the bearing seat, so that the outer ring of the bearing can be axially displaced when the bearing becomes preloaded.
Further, the SMA wire can control the phase change degree by controlling the current and the current time, so that the spiral rotor ring rotates by a specific angle, and the mechanism is switched among a plurality of stable preload states, namely multiphase load changing is realized.
Further, the spiral rotor ring and the spiral stator ring are of ring-like structures, one axial end face of one side is a spiral face, the axial end face of the other side is a plane, the spiral faces of the spiral rotor ring and the spiral stator ring are matched with each other, and under the action of axial load, the spiral faces in contact with each other have friction self-locking characteristics, so that the overall axial length can be kept unchanged after the spiral rotor ring and the spiral stator ring are matched, and high shafting preload is maintained.
Further, the spiral rotor ring rotates against frictional resistance under the action of a circumferential driving force provided by the SMA, so that the overall axial length of the spiral rotor ring and the spiral stator ring after being matched is changed, and preload adjustment is realized.
Further, the spiral rotor ring and the spiral stator ring are provided with SMA wire mounting grooves for fixing the SMA wires, and driving force generated when the SMA wires are electrified and contracted is applied to the spiral rotor ring through the end faces of the mounting grooves.
Further, square holes are formed in the bearing seat and used for leading out power supply wires of the SMA wires (2) and resetting the mechanism.
Further, the end cover of the inner ring of the bearing is connected with a servo motor, and then the inner ring of the angular contact ball bearing is driven to rotate.
Further, be equipped with the screw hole that resets on screw rotor ring and the screw stator ring, when the mechanism resets, long screw passes the square hole on the bearing frame and screws in the screw hole that resets, when applys the reset moment to screw rotor ring through long screw, screw rotor ring takes place the rotation, and then makes the outer ring of angular contact ball bearing by the top tight, the preload increase of bearing, this design makes the operation that resets need not carry out dismouting to shafting preload adjustment mechanism itself, has improved the efficiency of ground test.
Compared with the existing shafting variable preload technology, the shafting variable preload device has the advantages of simple and compact structure, multiphase variable load, convenience in processing and ground testing, light weight, high efficiency and the like, and is particularly expressed in the following aspects:
(1) The SMA wire is adopted as the driving element, so that the energy density is high, the driving capability is high, and an auxiliary system is not required to be additionally designed; the spiral rotor ring and the spiral stator ring are arranged between the two bearing outer rings, so that the compactness of the shafting structure is ensured.
(2) The variable preload mechanism designed by the invention has the capability of multiphase variable load, and the degree of the phase change of the SMA can be controlled by controlling the heating current and the heating time of the SMA, so that the spiral rotor ring rotates by different angles, and different multiphase variable preload effects are realized.
(3) The parts of the variable preload mechanism designed by the invention have simple structure, and are convenient for processing or modification design; in the ground test stage, the mechanism can be reset by reversely rotating the spiral rotor ring, so that the experiment cost is saved.
(4) The variable preload mechanism designed by the invention has small influence on the original axial rigidity, has small additional mass, does not add extra transmission parts, and meets the requirements of the space mechanism on the light-weight high-efficiency driving technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general schematic of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a general cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a spiral ring structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the installation of the SMA wire, spiral ring, and flat needle roller of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the inner ring end cap of the bearing of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. angular contact ball bearings; sma wire; 3. a helical rotor ring; 4. a helical stator ring; 5. thrust needle roller bearings; 6. a bearing seat; 7. an inner ring end cap of the bearing; 8. an outer ring end cap of the bearing; 9. a bushing; 10. a corrugated spring piece; 701. a first bearing inner ring end cap; 702. and a second bearing inner ring end cap.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a space shafting preloading mechanism based on SMA and spiral friction pairs, which comprises: 1, a diagonal contact ball bearing 1, an SMA wire 2, a spiral rotor ring 3, a spiral stator ring 4, a plane needle roller 5, a bearing seat 6, a bearing inner ring end cover 7, a bearing outer ring end cover 8, a bushing 9 and a corrugated spring piece 10.
The two angular contact ball bearings 1 are arranged back to back, the inner ring part of the angular contact ball bearings 1 is supported on the shaft shoulder section of the bearing inner ring end cover 7, and the inner ring is driven to rotate at a set rotating speed in a mode that the bearing inner ring end cover 7 is connected with a servo motor; the axial end surface of the inner ring positioned on the inner side is contacted with the bushing 9 to form a force transmission loop; the outer ring portion of the angular ball bearing 1 is a stationary member supported on a bearing housing. The helical rotor ring 3, the helical stator ring 4 and the thrust needle bearing 5 are placed between the outer rings of the angular ball bearing 1. The two ends of the SMA wire 2 are respectively connected to the outer surfaces of the spiral rotor ring 3 and the spiral stator ring 4 and used for driving the spiral rotor ring 3 to rotate. The corrugated spring piece 10 is placed between the outer ring end face of the angular contact ball bearing 1 and the bearing outer ring end cover 8 and is used for pressing the outer ring of the angular contact ball bearing 1. The outer surface of the bearing seat 6 is provided with two square holes for leading out a power supply wire of the SMA wire 2 and resetting the mechanism.
The structures of the spiral rotor ring 3 and the spiral stator ring 4 are shown in fig. 3, and are ring-like structures, one side axial end face is a plane, one side axial end face is a spiral face, the spiral faces of the two are mutually matched, the spiral rotor ring 3 and the spiral stator ring 4 are respectively provided with an SMA wire mounting groove and a reset threaded hole which are respectively used for mounting the SMA wire 2 and resetting the mechanism, and the spiral stator ring 4 is also provided with a positioning shoulder, so that the spiral rotor ring 3 does not radially displace in the rotating process.
The assembly relation of the SMA wire 2, the spiral rotor ring 3, the spiral stator ring 4 and the thrust needle roller bearing 5 is shown in fig. 4, two ends of the SMA wire 2 are respectively fixed through the SMA wire mounting grooves at the upper ends of the spiral rotor ring 3 and the spiral stator ring 4, under the action of axial load, the plane end of the spiral rotor ring 3 and the thrust needle roller bearing 5 are mutually pressed, and the use of the thrust needle roller bearing 5 reduces friction resistance when the spiral rotor ring 3 rotates.
The structure of the bearing inner ring end cover 7 is shown in fig. 5, and is divided into a first bearing inner ring end cover 701 and a second bearing inner ring end cover 702, wherein the first bearing inner ring end cover 701 is of a stepped hollow cylinder structure, a shoulder section of the first bearing inner ring end cover is matched with the inner ring of the angular contact ball bearing 1, 6 through holes are formed in the axial end face of the shoulder section of the first bearing inner ring end cover for mounting connecting screws, preload is applied to the bearing, and 6 threaded holes are uniformly formed in the axial end face of a cover plate section of the first bearing inner ring end cover along the circumferential direction for connecting an external power source; the second bearing inner ring end cover 702 is of a hollow cylinder structure, the shoulder section of the second bearing inner ring end cover is longer and is matched with the inner ring of the angular contact ball bearing 1 and the bushing 9, 6 threaded holes are formed in the axial end face of the shoulder section and are used for installing connecting screws, and 6 threaded holes are also formed in the axial end face of the cover plate section and are used for connecting an external power source.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
when the mechanism is assembled, axial load is applied to the inner ring of the angular contact ball bearing 1 by tightening the connecting screw between the end caps 7 of the inner ring of the bearing, and the load is transmitted to the outer ring of the angular contact ball bearing 1 via the rolling elements, so that bearing play is eliminated. When the mechanism changes load, the SMA wire 2 is electrified and heated, so that the SMA wire is heated to change phase and shrink, the spiral rotor ring 3 is driven to rotate, and the integral axial length of the spiral rotor ring 3 and the spiral stator ring 4 after being matched is changed. When the screw rotor ring 3 is required to reset, two long screws penetrate through square holes on the outer surface of the bearing seat 6 and are screwed into reset threaded holes on the screw rotor ring 3 and the screw stator ring 4, and the screw rotor ring 3 is reversely rotated, so that the outer ring of the angular contact ball bearing 1 is tightly propped up.
The invention, in part, is not disclosed in detail and is well known in the art.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. Space shafting becomes preload mechanism based on SMA silk and spiral friction pair, its characterized in that includes: angular contact ball bearings (1), SMA wires (2), spiral rotor rings (3), spiral stator rings (4), thrust needle bearings (5), bearing seats (6), bearing inner ring end covers (7), bearing outer ring end covers (8), bushings (9) and corrugated spring pieces (10);
the angular contact ball bearings (1) are 1 pair and are arranged back to back; the inner ring part of the bearing is a rotating part which is matched with a shaft shoulder section extending out of an inner ring end cover (7) of the bearing, and a bushing (9) is arranged between the inner rings of the two angular contact ball bearings (1) to form a force transmission loop; the outer ring part is a static part and is supported on a bearing seat (6);
the spiral rotor ring (3), the spiral stator ring (4) and the thrust needle roller bearing (5) are arranged between the outer rings of the two angular contact ball bearings (1);
the two ends of the SMA wire (2) are respectively connected to the outer surfaces of the spiral rotor ring (3) and the spiral stator ring (4) and are used for driving the spiral rotor ring (3) to rotate;
the corrugated spring piece (10) is arranged between the end face of the outer ring of the angular contact ball bearing (1) and the end cover (8) of the outer ring of the bearing and is used for pressing the outer ring of the angular contact ball bearing (1);
when the mechanism is assembled, axial load is applied to the inner ring of the angular contact ball bearing (1) by screwing a connecting screw between end covers (7) of the inner ring of the bearing, and the load is transmitted to the outer ring of the angular contact ball bearing (1) through rolling bodies, so that bearing play is eliminated; when the mechanism changes load, the SMA wire (2) is electrified and heated, so that the SMA wire is heated to change phase and shrink, the spiral rotor ring (3) is driven to rotate, and the integral axial length of the spiral rotor ring (3) and the spiral stator ring (4) after being matched is changed.
2. The space shafting preloading mechanism based on the SMA wire and the spiral friction pair according to claim 1, wherein the outer ring of the 1-pair angle contact ball bearing (1) is in small clearance fit with the bearing seat (6).
3. The space shafting pre-load mechanism based on the SMA wire and the spiral friction pair according to claim 1, wherein the degree of phase change occurrence of the SMA wire (2) is controlled by controlling heating current and heating time of the SMA wire, so that the spiral rotor ring (3) rotates by different angles, and different multiphase pre-load effects are realized.
4. The space shafting variable preload mechanism based on the SMA wire and the spiral friction pair as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spiral rotor ring (3) and the spiral stator ring (4) are of ring-like structures, one axial end face is a spiral face, the other axial end face is a plane, the spiral faces of the two are mutually matched, and the whole axial length is kept unchanged by utilizing the friction self-locking characteristic.
5. The space shafting pre-load mechanism based on the SMA wire and the spiral friction pair according to claim 1, wherein the spiral rotor ring (3) and the spiral stator ring (4) are provided with an SMA wire (2) mounting groove, and a driving force generated when the SMA wire (2) is electrified and contracted is applied to the spiral rotor ring (3) through the end face of the mounting groove.
6. The space shafting pre-load mechanism based on the SMA wire and the spiral friction pair according to claim 1, wherein the spiral rotor ring (3) rotates against friction resistance under the action of circumferential driving force provided by the SMA wire (2) so that the overall axial length of the spiral rotor ring (3) and the spiral stator ring (4) is changed after the spiral rotor ring and the spiral stator ring are matched.
7. The space shafting pre-load mechanism based on the SMA wire and the spiral friction pair according to claim 1, wherein square holes are formed in the bearing seat (6) and used for leading out a power supply wire of the SMA wire (2) and resetting the mechanism.
8. The space shafting becomes preload mechanism based on SMA wire and spiral friction pair according to claim 1, wherein the bearing inner ring end cover (7) is connected with a servo motor to drive the inner ring of the angular contact ball bearing (1) to rotate.
9. The space shafting preloading mechanism based on the SMA wire and the spiral friction pair according to claim 1, wherein reset threaded holes are formed in the spiral rotor ring (3) and the spiral stator ring (4); when the mechanism is required to reset, the long screw is screwed into the reset threaded hole through the square hole on the bearing seat (6), and the spiral rotor ring (3) is reversely rotated, so that the outer ring of the angular contact ball bearing (1) is propped tightly, and the preload of the bearing is increased.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111120337.2A CN113983144B (en) | 2021-09-24 | 2021-09-24 | Space shafting becomes preload mechanism based on SMA silk and spiral friction pair |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111120337.2A CN113983144B (en) | 2021-09-24 | 2021-09-24 | Space shafting becomes preload mechanism based on SMA silk and spiral friction pair |
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| CN113983144A CN113983144A (en) | 2022-01-28 |
| CN113983144B true CN113983144B (en) | 2023-08-08 |
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| CN202111120337.2A Active CN113983144B (en) | 2021-09-24 | 2021-09-24 | Space shafting becomes preload mechanism based on SMA silk and spiral friction pair |
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| CN113983144A (en) | 2022-01-28 |
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