CN113981283B - A kind of Al3Ti reinforced Al-Zn base in-situ composite damping material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an Al ₃ Ti reinforced Al-Zn-based in-situ composite damping material and a preparation method thereof. The damping material includes Al 40-70at.%, Zn 40-70at.%, Ce 0-70at.% in atomic percentage 1at.%, Ti 0.5‑10at.%. The composite damping material can effectively solve the problem of poor mechanical properties existing in existing damping materials.

Description

A kind of Al3Ti reinforced Al-Zn base in-situ composite damping material and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy preparation, and in particular relates to an Al ₃ Ti reinforced Al-Zn-based in-situ composite damping material and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

The development of damping materials is constantly improving along with the progress of modern industry. Today, people not only require high speed, high precision and high efficiency for machinery, but also require the noise and vibration of machinery to be as small as possible during operation. Traditional vibration and noise reduction measures are mainly achieved by increasing mechanical rigidity and adding accessories, but this will lead to an increase in mechanical weight and design complexity. Therefore, people began to research and develop vibration-damping materials. Vibration-damping materials convert vibration and noise into heat energy and dissipate them, which can reduce and prevent the impact of vibration and noise from the source. Al-Zn-based vibration-damping materials in vibration-damping materials Alloys have attracted widespread attention due to their good vibration damping properties, low density, easy processing, and low price. Studies have shown that the damping mechanism of Al-Zn-based alloys originates from phase interface slip and viscous flow at grain boundaries. After the alloy is subjected to external force, it will cause phase boundary and grain boundary slip, and internal friction will occur during the slip process. External force can also lead to stress concentration at the grain boundary, causing microscopic plastic deformation of the soft phase, which causes energy dissipation. Therefore, increasing the area of phase interface and grain boundary can effectively improve the damping performance of the alloy. By adding elements such as rare earth Ce to the alloy as a modifier, it can refine the grains and increase the area of the phase interface, thereby improving its damping performance.

However, the mechanical properties of Al-Zn alloy are relatively poor, especially its relatively low strength, which limits the wider application of this type of alloy to a certain extent. Therefore, improving the comprehensive performance of Al-Zn-based alloys, especially its mechanical properties is of great significance for the research, development and application of the alloy.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an Al ₃ Ti reinforced Al-Zn based in-situ composite damping material and its preparation method. The composite damping material can effectively solve the poor mechanical properties of the existing damping materials. The problem.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:

An Al ₃ Ti reinforced Al-Zn-based in-situ composite damping material, including Al 40-70 at.%, Zn 40-70 at.%, Ce 0-1 at.%, Ti 0.5-10 at.%.

Further, in atomic percent, Al 49.9 at.%, Zn 49.5 at.%, Ce 0.1 at.%, Ti 0.5 at.%.

Further, in atomic percent, Al 49.9 at.%, Zn 49 at.%, Ce 0.1 at.%, Ti1 at.%.

The above-mentioned preparation method of Al ₃ Ti reinforced Al-Zn based in-situ composite damping material comprises the following steps:

(1) Take aluminum block, zinc block, Al-Ce alloy block and Al-Ti alloy block;

(2) Heat up the aluminum block to 750-800°C and keep it warm until the aluminum block is completely melted, then add Al-Ti alloy block to it, after it is completely melted, blow air to remove slag, keep it warm, and then cool down to 630-670°C, Continue to add zinc nuggets to it, blow air to remove slag after it is completely melted, keep warm, then raise the temperature to 700-750°C again, add Al-Ce alloy nuggets to it, blow air to remove slag after it is completely melted, and keep warm;

(3) electromagnetically stirring the molten metal in step (2) and keeping it warm, then cooling to room temperature with the furnace to obtain a metal ingot;

(4) processing and cutting the metal ingot in step (3) to obtain a sample, heating the sample to 400-420° C., keeping it warm for 1 hour, taking out the sample and rolling it to obtain a rolled sample;

(5) The as-rolled sample is kept at 360-400°C for 0-10h, then solution treated, then water-cooled and quenched, then aged at 100-200°C for 0-10h, and then water-cooled and quenched. be made of.

Further, the mass proportion of Ce in the Al-Ce alloy block in step (1) is 10%, the proportion of Ti in the Al-Ti alloy block is 10%, the purity of the Al-Ce alloy block and the Al-Ti alloy block All greater than 99wt.%.

Further, in step (2), the aluminum block is heated at a rate of 4° C./min.

Further, the incubation time in step (2) is 20-25min.

The beneficial effects produced by the present invention are:

1. The present invention obtains an in-situ composite structure containing Al ₃ Ti intermetallic compound by adding Ti element to Al-Zn-Ce alloy. The addition of Ti element refines the alloy structure, and Al ₃ Ti is hard The intermetallic compound can exist in the matrix as a strengthening phase, so that the mechanical properties of the in-situ composite damping material can be significantly improved under the condition of ensuring excellent damping performance.

2. In the present invention, by adjusting the Ti content and the solid solution aging process, the structure, damping performance and mechanical properties of the composite damping material are regulated and optimized, and then a composite damping material with excellent comprehensive performance is obtained.

3. The preparation method of the present invention is simple, easy to operate and low in production cost, and has wide application prospects.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the OM photo of Al ₃ Ti reinforced Al-Zn based in-situ composite damping material in Example 1;

Fig. 2 is the OM photo of Al ₃ Ti reinforced Al-Zn based in-situ composite damping material in Example 2;

Fig. 3 is the OM photograph of Al-Zn base damping alloy in comparative example;

Fig. 4 is the damping performance-strain amplitude curve of the Al ₃ Ti reinforced Al-Zn based in situ composite damping material in Example 1;

Fig. 5 is the damping performance-strain amplitude curve of the Al ₃ Ti reinforced Al-Zn based in situ composite damping material in Example 2;

Fig. 6 is the damping performance-strain amplitude curve of Al-Zn base damping alloy in the comparative example;

Fig. 7 is the room temperature tensile curve of Al ₃ Ti reinforced Al-Zn based in situ composite damping material in Example 1;

Fig. 8 is the room temperature tensile curve of Al ₃ Ti reinforced Al-Zn based in situ composite damping material in Example 2;

Fig. 9 is the room temperature tensile curve of the Al-Zn-based damping alloy in the comparative example.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

An Al ₃ Ti reinforced Al-Zn based in-situ composite damping material, the preparation method of which comprises the following steps:

(1) Weigh the elemental Al block, elemental Zn block, Al-Ce alloy block and Al-Ti alloy according to the composition ratio of 49.9at.%Al, 49.5at.%Zn, 0.1at.%Ce and 0.5at.%Ti block, the purity of each raw material is greater than 99wt.%, the mass proportion of Ce in the Al-Ce alloy block is 10%, and the proportion of Ti in the Al-Ti alloy block is 10%;

(2) Put the aluminum block into the crucible of the well-type resistance furnace, heat it to 740°C at a heating rate of 4°C/min and keep it warm until the aluminum block is completely melted; add the Al-Ti alloy block and wait until it is completely melted Then blow with argon gas and remove slag, keep it warm for 20 minutes; then cool down to 660°C, add Zn block, after it is completely melted, blow with argon gas and remove slag, keep it warm for 20 minutes; heat up to 700°C again, Add the Al-Ce alloy block, press it into the bottom, and after it is completely melted, blow it with argon and remove the slag, and keep it warm for 25 minutes;

(3) Transfer the molten metal in step (2) to an electromagnetic stirring furnace, turn on the electromagnetic stirring and keep it warm for 10 minutes; after the heat preservation is completed, cool down to room temperature with the furnace (when the temperature drops to 400°C, turn off the electromagnetic stirring), the obtained Alloy ingot is required;

(4) EDM the alloy ingot in step (3) to obtain a sample with a size of about "130mm × 130mm × 12mm", put the above-mentioned as-cast sample into a heat treatment furnace for heating, and when the temperature rises Heat it at 400°C for 1 hour, take out the sample after the heat preservation is over, and carry out multi-pass rolling (total pressing amount is 60%) to obtain the required rolling state sample;

(5) Heat the as-rolled sample in step (4) at 380°C for 4 hours for solution treatment, followed by water cooling and quenching;

(6) The sample in step (5) was kept at 150° C. for 2 hours for aging treatment, and then water-cooled and quenched to obtain the desired Al ₃ Ti reinforced Al-Zn-based in-situ composite damping material.

An optical metallographic microscope was used to observe the structure of the alloy sample with a size of 10mm×10m×6mm. The alloy structure is composed of uniformly distributed Al ₃ Ti intermetallic compound blocks and β dendrites with compositional segregation, as shown in Figure 1 . Further analysis found that during the subsequent cooling process, the dendritic β phase undergoes β→α+η eutectoid transformation (the eutectoid structure is a fine lamellar structure, and the interlamellar distance between the two phases is about several hundred nanometers). Compared with the eutectoid structure in the comparative example, the size of α and η in the eutectoid structure of embodiment 1 becomes smaller, and the crystal grains are refined; the alloy sample is tested for mechanical properties by an electronic universal mechanical testing machine, and its resistance The tensile strength σ _b is about 280MPa, and the elongation is about 18% (compared with the comparative example, respectively increased by about 4.2% and 50%), as shown in Figure 4; using the HBRV-187.5 type Blowy hardness tester to measure The hardness of the alloy sample is about 85.24HBW (see Table 1, compared with the comparative example, it has increased by about 7%); the damping performance of the alloy sample with a size of 1.5mm×1.5mm×50mm is tested by a multi-functional inverted torsion pendulum internal friction instrument According to the test, when the strain amplitude is 10 ^-3 , its Q ^-1 value is about 0.035 (compared with the comparative example, it is about 119% higher), as shown in FIG. 7 .

Example 2

An Al ₃ Ti reinforced Al-Zn based in-situ composite damping material, the preparation method of which comprises the following steps:

(1) Weigh the elemental Al block, elemental Zn block, Al-Ce alloy block and Al-Ti alloy block according to the composition ratio of 49.9at.%Al, 49at.%Zn, 0.1at.%Ce, and 1at.%Ti, The purity of each raw material is greater than 99wt.%, the mass proportion of Ce in the Al-Ce alloy block is 10%, and the proportion of Ti in the Al-Ti alloy block is 10%;

(2) Put the aluminum block into the crucible of the well-type resistance furnace, heat it to 740°C at a heating rate of 4°C/min and keep it warm until the aluminum block is completely melted; add the Al-Ti alloy block and wait until it is completely melted Then blow with argon gas and remove slag, keep it warm for 20 minutes; then cool down to 660°C, add Zn block, after it is completely melted, blow with argon gas and remove slag, keep it warm for 20 minutes; heat up to 700°C again, Add the Al-Ce alloy block, press it into the bottom, and after it is completely melted, blow it with argon and remove the slag, and keep it warm for 25 minutes;

(3) Transfer the above molten metal to an electromagnetic stirring furnace, turn on the electromagnetic stirring and keep it warm for 10 minutes; after the heat preservation is over, cool it down to room temperature with the furnace (when the temperature drops to 400°C, turn off the electromagnetic stirring) to obtain the required alloy ingot ;

(4) EDM the alloy ingot in step (3) to obtain a sample with a size of about "130mm × 130mm × 12mm", put the above-mentioned as-cast sample into a heat treatment furnace for heating, and when the temperature rises Heat it at 400°C for 1 hour, take out the sample after the heat preservation is over, and carry out multi-pass rolling (total pressing amount is 60%) to obtain the required rolling state sample;

(5) Heat the as-rolled sample in step (4) at 380°C for 4 hours for solution treatment, followed by water cooling and quenching;

(6) The sample in step (5) was kept at 150° C. for 2 hours for aging treatment, and then water-cooled and quenched to obtain the desired Al ₃ Ti reinforced Al-Zn-based in-situ composite damping material.

An optical metallographic microscope was used to observe the structure of the alloy sample with a size of 10mm×10mm×6mm. The alloy structure is composed of uniformly distributed Al ₃ Ti intermetallic compound blocks and β dendrites with compositional segregation, as shown in Figure 2 . Further analysis found that during the subsequent cooling process, the dendritic β phase undergoes β→α+η eutectoid transformation (the eutectoid structure is a fine lamellar structure, and the interlamellar distance between the two phases is about several hundred nanometers). Compared with the eutectoid structure in the comparative example, the size of α and η in the eutectoid structure of embodiment 1 becomes smaller, and the crystal grains are refined; the alloy sample is tested for mechanical properties by an electronic universal mechanical testing machine, and its resistance The tensile strength _σb is about 347MPa, and the elongation is about 19% (compared with the comparative example, respectively increased by about 26.6% and 58.3%), as shown in Figure 5; using the HBRV-187.5 type Blowy hardness tester to measure The hardness of the alloy sample is about 91.9HBW (see Table 1, compared with the comparative example, it has increased by about 15.4%); the damping performance of the alloy sample with a size of 1.5mm×1.5mm×50mm was tested by a multifunctional inverted torsion pendulum internal friction instrument According to the test, when the strain amplitude is 10 ^-3 , its Q ^-1 value is about 0.034 (compared with the comparative example, it is about 113% higher), as shown in FIG. 8 .

comparative example

A kind of Al-Zn base damping alloy, its preparation method comprises the following steps:

(1) According to the composition ratio of 49.9at.%Al, 50at.%Zn, and 0.1at.%Ce, the elemental Al block, elemental Zn block and Al-Ce alloy block are weighed, and the purity of each raw material is greater than 99wt.%, Al -The mass proportion of Ce in the Ce alloy block is 10%;

(2) Put the aluminum block into the crucible of the well-type resistance furnace, heat it to 770°C at a heating rate of 4°C/min and keep it warm until the aluminum block is completely melted; then cool down to 660°C, add Zn block, and wait After it is completely melted, blow it with argon gas and remove the slag, and keep it warm for 20 minutes; raise the temperature to 700°C again, add Al-Ce alloy block, press it into the bottom, and blow it with argon gas and remove the slag after it is completely melted , keep warm for 25 minutes;

(3) Transfer the above molten metal to an electromagnetic stirring furnace, turn on the electromagnetic stirring and keep it warm for 10 minutes; after the heat preservation is over, cool it down to room temperature with the furnace (when the temperature drops to 400°C, turn off the electromagnetic stirring) to obtain the required alloy ingot ;

(4) EDM the alloy ingot in step (3) to obtain a sample with a size of about "130mm × 130mm × 12mm", put the above-mentioned as-cast sample into a heat treatment furnace for heating, and when the temperature rises Heat it at 400°C for 1 hour, take out the sample after the heat preservation is over, and carry out multi-pass rolling (total pressing amount is 60%) to obtain the required rolling state sample;

(5) Heat the as-rolled sample in step (4) at 380°C for 4 hours for solution treatment, followed by water cooling and quenching;

(6) Heat the sample in step (5) at 150° C. for 2 hours for aging treatment, and then perform water cooling and quenching to finally obtain the desired Al-Zn-Ce damping alloy.

An optical metallographic microscope was used to observe the structure of the alloy sample with a size of 10 mm × 10 mm × 6 mm. The alloy structure is mainly composed of β dendrites with composition segregation, as shown in Figure 3. Further analysis found that during the subsequent cooling process, the dendrite β phase undergoes β→α+η eutectoid transformation (the eutectoid structure is a fine lamellar structure, and the interlamellar distance between the two phases is about several hundred nanometers); The mechanical properties of the alloy sample were tested by machine, and the tensile strength _σb was about 274MPa, and the elongation was about 12%, as shown in Figure 6; the hardness of the alloy sample measured by the HBRV-187.5 Brockwell hardness is 79.64HBW (see Table 1); using a multifunctional inverted torsion pendulum internal friction instrument to test the damping performance of an alloy sample with a size of 1.5mm×1.5mm×50mm, when the strain amplitude is 10 ^-3 , its Q ^-1 value is about is 0.016, as shown in Figure 9.

Table 1:

alloy Hardness (HBW) Example 1 85.24 Example 2 91.90 comparative example 79.64

Claims (2)

1. An Al ₃ Ti reinforced Al-Zn-based in-situ composite damping material, characterized in that, in atomic percent, including Al49.9 at.%, Zn 49.5 at.%, Ce 0.1 at.%, Ti 0.5 at .% or Al 49.9 at.%, Zn 49 at.%, Ce0.1 at.%, Ti 1 at.%; Its preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) Weigh aluminum block, zinc block, Al-Ce alloy block and Al-Ti alloy block; (2) Heat up the aluminum block to 750-800°C at a rate of 4°C/min and keep it warm until the aluminum block is completely melted, then add Al-Ti alloy block to it, blow air to remove slag after it is completely melted, and keep warm for 20- 25min, then lower the temperature to 630-670°C, continue to add zinc nuggets to it, blow air to remove slag after it is completely melted, keep it warm, then raise the temperature to 700-750°C again, add Al-Ce alloy nuggets to it, wait until it is completely melted After melting, blow air to remove slag and keep warm; (3) The molten metal in step (2) is electromagnetically stirred and kept warm, and then cooled to room temperature with the furnace to obtain a metal ingot; (4) Process and cut the metal ingot in step (3) to obtain a sample, raise the temperature of the sample to 400-420°C, keep it warm for 1 hour, take out the sample and roll it to obtain a rolled sample; (5) Heat the as-rolled sample at 360-400°C for 0-10h, then carry out solution treatment, then carry out water cooling and quenching, then hold at 100-200°C for 0-10h for aging treatment, and then carry out water cooling and quenching, be made of. 2. The Al ₃ Ti reinforced Al-Zn based in-situ composite damping material according to claim 1, characterized in that the mass proportion of Ce in the Al-Ce alloy block in step (1) is 10%, and the Al-Ti The proportion of Ti in the alloy block is 10%, and the purity of the Al-Ce alloy block and the Al-Ti alloy block are both greater than 99wt.%.

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