CN113980715B - 一种水溶性燃煤催化剂制备方法 - Google Patents
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- -1 polyoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910001448 ferrous ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- HKVFISRIUUGTIB-UHFFFAOYSA-O azanium;cerium;nitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Ce].[O-][N+]([O-])=O HKVFISRIUUGTIB-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- OJTMBXWTXBFVQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;1,10-phenanthroline Chemical compound [Fe].C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 OJTMBXWTXBFVQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 45
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 43
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 7
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XMPZTFVPEKAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-P ceric ammonium nitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[Ce+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XMPZTFVPEKAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 4
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
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- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010855 food raising agent Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- IMAKHNTVDGLIRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl prop-2-ynoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C#C IMAKHNTVDGLIRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011147 magnesium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrate group Chemical group [N+](=O)([O-])[O-] NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium chlorate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]Cl(=O)=O VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
- C10L9/10—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by using additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
- C10L2230/08—Inhibitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种水溶性燃煤催化剂制备方法,其特征在于:第一,在反应器中,水:38‑44%;二价铁离子:8~12%,邻菲罗啉:30~36%,醋酸钠:16~20%,溶解,即得A液;第二,在反应器中,水:50~58%;硝酸钙:26~32%;硝酸镍:4~10%;脂肪醇聚氧乙烯(25)醚:0.05~0.1%;硝酸铈铵:6~12%;溶解,即得B液;将A液与B液按1:4混合,用酸调节pH在5.5~6.5之间,即得水溶性燃煤催化剂。用水稀释3~6倍后,均匀喷洒在燃煤上,催化剂的量为煤炭质量的0.05~0.07%范围内。该制备工艺简单,生产成本低,易于工业化生产,对锅炉不产生腐蚀,提高煤炭的燃烧效率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及的是一种节约能源技术领域,特别涉及一种水溶性燃煤催化剂制备方法及使用方法。
背景技术
碳排放的增加是导致全球气候变暖、温室效应,以及出现极端恶劣天气,譬如台风、高温、暴雨、泥石流、干旱等自然灾害的直接诱发因素,碳排放增加的主要因素是由于人类大量使用化石、煤炭能源所造成的。燃煤污染成为大气环境中二氧化硫、氮氧化物、烟尘的主要来源。因此, 研究并应用适合我国国情的各种清洁煤技术, 提高煤炭利用效率, 降低二氧化硫、二氧化碳等有害气体及烟尘的排放, 将成为国家实现能源可持续发展战略、解决大气环境污染的有效措施之一。
煤燃烧催化剂不仅具有提高燃煤的燃烧效率,同时还有的脱硫脱硝作用, 能减轻煤燃烧对环境的污染, 对于当前我国的节能减排需要有重要意义, 因而引起了众多科技工作者的广泛关注, 并进行了大量的理论与实验研究, 取得了良好的研究效果
煤炭燃烧是一个复杂的化学反应过程,一般可以分为挥发逸出、燃烧(均相燃烧)和炭粒的着火燃烧(非均相燃烧)。燃烧催化剂在煤炭燃烧过程中起到氧传递作用,由于催化剂中含有碱金属、碱土金属、过渡元素、稀土元素在燃烧过程中发生电子转移,能降低煤炭燃烧的表观活化能作用,降低煤炭的着火点和加快煤炭燃烧速率;能加速煤炭热解过程中各种结合健的断裂,提高煤炭燃烧效率。在煤炭燃烧催化剂中含有钙可以起到固硫作用,同时催化剂中添加了铁,铁对硫酸钙再分解具有阻止作用,稀土元素具有脱硝作用,使煤炭在燃烧过程中减少二氧化硫和氮化物的排放;在煤炭燃烧催化剂中可以使煤炭在燃烧过程中减少粉尘的排放,所以说在煤炭燃烧过程中添加燃烧催化剂不仅能提高煤炭的燃烧效率,同时也减少煤炭燃烧过程污染物的排放。近年来,对煤炭燃烧催化剂和助燃剂的研究已有报道。中国专利CN 102816625 A中公开了一种脱硫效果好的煤炭燃烧促进剂,包括促进剂和脱硫剂,所述脱硫剂为:丙炔酸甲酯,丙炔酸甲酯占总重量的1-2%。本发明煤炭燃烧节省率明显,在5-25%之间,尤其对低热值、低挥发份的煤炭燃烧促进效果明显。能够大幅降低烟气中硫含量,降低幅度在35-65%之间。中国专利CN101269339B一种燃煤催化剂,由以下成份按照质量百分含量混合而成:钾盐:20~40%,工业级氯化钠:10~25%,生石灰:15~30%,铝土:9~15%,氧化稀土或氯化稀土:1~4%,三氧化二铁:0.1~1%,将上述成份混均匀,即得燃煤催化剂;上述各成分质量百分数之和满足100%;所述钾盐为硝酸盐或碳酸盐;所述铝土为铝土矿直接粉碎得到;所述三氧化二铁为铝土矿中含有的微量三氧化二铁。
上述现有技术,大都采用助氧燃烧原理,通常采用氯化钠、高锰酸钾、硝酸钠、氯化镁、硝酸钾、氯酸钾等作为煤碳助燃剂原料,对锅炉受热面有一定腐蚀性,会降低锅炉使用寿命。其次,功能单一,缺少消尘、防结焦、催化剂。固硫剂大多采用有机物,这样使其价格很高,影响生产企业的使用。
发明内容
本发明的目的提供一种使用方便,效果好,价格便宜,集固硫、消尘、促进燃烧于一体的一种水溶性燃煤催化剂。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案实现。
一种水溶性燃煤催化剂制备方法,其特征在于该方法具有以下工艺步骤:
(1)A液的制备:在反应器中,按如下组成质量百分比加入,水:38-44%;二价铁离子:8~12%,邻菲罗啉:30~36%,醋酸钠:16~20%,各组分之和为百分之百,溶解,即得铁-邻菲罗啉络合物,为A液;
(2)B液的制备:在反应器中,按质量百分浓度加入,水:50~58%;硝酸钙:26~32%;硝酸镍:4~10%;脂肪醇聚氧乙烯(25)醚:0.05~0.1%;硝酸铈铵:6~12%;各组分之和为百分之百,溶解,即得B液;
(3)水溶性燃煤催化剂制备方法:将A液与B液按1:4混合,用酸调节pH在5.5~6.5之间,即得水溶性燃煤催化剂。
步骤(1)中所述的二价铁离子与邻菲罗啉摩尔比为1:1~1.05。
步骤(1)(2)中所述的水为自来水。
本发明的一种水溶性燃煤催化剂的使用方法如下:
将所述燃煤催化剂用水稀释3~6倍后,均匀喷洒在燃煤上,喷洒后燃烧,加入燃煤烧催化剂的量为煤炭质量的0.05~0.07%范围内。
所述水溶性燃煤催化剂制备好后密封包装、储存阴凉处,远离火源。
所述水溶性燃煤催化剂采用多重氧化剂如硝酸铈铵、硝酸钙,硝酸镍,氧化剂的作用是燃烧过程中提供充足的氧,使煤炭充分燃烧的必要条件,采用多重氧化剂优点是氧化的分解温度不同可以在燃烧的不同阶段提供氧。选用氧化剂的另一作用是使氮氧化物生成N2,,反应方程式为:4NH3+4NO+O2=4N2+6H2O,醋酸钠即是铁-邻菲罗啉络合物形成的酸度调节剂,同时也是煤炭燃烧的膨松剂,氧气更容易进入,燃烧更充分,起到膨松剂的作用。
所述燃煤催化剂中硝酸钙、硝酸镍、硝酸铈铵、铁的络合和醋酸钠在燃烧过程中,都起到氧传递和电荷转移的催化作用,降低煤炭燃烧的反应的活化能,这些过渡金属的存在时碳的晶格发生扭曲变化,碳的活性就提高了,所产生的热量就提高了,起到催化剂的作用。
所述燃煤催化剂中硝酸钙和氧化铁具有固硫的作用,因为氧化硫可以和钙生成硫酸钙固定在煤灰中,同时催化剂中添加了铁,铁对硫酸钙再分解具有阻止作用。
所述燃煤催化剂中的脂肪醇聚氧乙烯(25)醚作用为分散剂和渗透剂,使煤炭燃烧催化剂成分能很好分散煤炭的表面和充分渗透到煤炭的内部,使煤炭燃烧催化剂的作用跟充分。
本发明与现有技术比较,具有如下优点及有益效果:
(1)本发明的一种水溶性燃煤催化剂以液体形式加入到煤炭中,可渗透到煤炭内部,均相催化,催化剂在燃烧的过程中均相释放氧气,即可减少锅炉燃烧的供氧量,又可以使煤炭内部燃烧更完全。
(2)本发明的一种水溶性燃煤催化剂为液体,易于储存、运输、操作简单、安全、添加量少,易溶于水,使用方便,不改变使用单位的工艺设备。
(3)本发明的一种水溶性燃煤催化剂,添加后节省煤炭明显,热量可增加12~30%,尤其对低热值的煤炭燃烧效果更明显。
(4)本发明的一种水溶性燃煤催化剂,能够大幅降低烟气中的硫含量和粉尘的含量,硫含量可降低40~65%,粉尘含量可降低15~30% 之间。
具体实施方式
实施例1
(1)A液的制备:在反应器中,分别加入,水:40L;二价铁离子:10kg,邻菲罗啉:33kg,醋酸钠:17kg,溶解,即得铁-邻菲罗啉络合物,为A液;
(2)B液的制备:在反应器中,分别加入,水:54L;硝酸钙:28kg;硝酸镍:6kg;脂肪醇聚氧乙烯(25)醚:0.5kg;硝酸铈铵:12kg;溶解,即得B液;
(3)水溶性燃煤催化剂制备方法:将A液与B液按1:4混合,用酸调节pH在5.5~6.5之间,即得水溶性燃煤催化剂。
实施例2
(1)A液的制备:在反应器中,分别加入,水:38L;二价铁离子:12kg,邻菲罗啉:34kg,醋酸钠:16kg,溶解,即得铁-邻菲罗啉络合物,为A液;
(2)B液的制备:在反应器中,分别加入,水:50L;硝酸钙:32kg;硝酸镍:10kg;脂肪醇聚氧乙烯(25)醚:1kg;硝酸铈铵:7kg;溶解,即得B液;
(3)水溶性燃煤催化剂制备方法:将A液与B液按1:4混合,用酸调节pH在5.5~6.5之间,即得水溶性燃煤催化剂。
实施例3
(1)A液的制备:在反应器中,分别加入,水:44L;二价铁离子:8kg,邻菲罗啉:30kg,醋酸钠:18kg,溶解,即得铁-邻菲罗啉络合物,为A液;
(2)B液的制备:在反应器中,分别加入,水:58L;硝酸钙:26kg;硝酸镍:5kg;脂肪醇聚氧乙烯(25)醚:0.8kg;硝酸铈铵:10kg;溶解,即得B液;
(3)水溶性燃煤催化剂制备方法:将A液与B液按1:4混合,用酸调节pH在5.5~6.5之间,即得水溶性燃煤催化剂。
实施例4
(1)A液的制备:在反应器中,分别加入,水:39L;二价铁离子:9kg,邻菲罗啉:31kg,醋酸钠:20kg,溶解,即得铁-邻菲罗啉络合物,为A液;
(2)B液的制备:在反应器中,分别加入,水:51L;硝酸钙:27kg;硝酸镍:9kg;脂肪醇聚氧乙烯(25)醚:0.6kg;硝酸铈铵:12kg;溶解,即得B液;
(3)水溶性燃煤催化剂制备方法:将A液与B液按1:4混合,用酸调节pH在5.5~6.5之间,即得水溶性燃煤催化剂。
实施例5
(1)A液的制备:在反应器中,分别加入,水:4.0吨;二价铁离子:1.0吨,邻菲罗啉:3.3吨,醋酸钠:1.7吨,溶解,即得铁-邻菲罗啉络合物,为A液;
(2)B液的制备:在反应器中,分别加入,水:5.4吨;硝酸钙:2.8吨;硝酸镍:0.6吨;脂肪醇聚氧乙烯(25)醚:0.05吨;硝酸铈铵:1.2吨;溶解,即得B液;
(3)水溶性燃煤催化剂制备方法:将A液与B液按1:4混合,用酸调节pH在5.5~6.5之间,即得水溶性燃煤催化剂。
使用方法:将本发明制备的燃煤催化剂溶于水,将所述燃煤催化剂用水稀释3~6倍后,均匀喷洒在燃煤上,喷洒后燃烧,加入燃煤烧催化剂的量为煤炭质量的0.05~0.07%范围内。
本发明获得燃煤催化剂,有很好的固硫、降尘效果,有明显的提高煤炭的燃烧效率。
Claims (2)
1.一种水溶性燃煤催化剂制备方法,其特征在于该方法具有以下工艺步骤:
(1)A液的制备:在反应器中,按如下组成质量百分比加入,水:38-44%;二价铁离子:8~12%,邻菲罗啉:30~36%,醋酸钠:16~20%,各组分之和为百分之百,溶解,即得铁-邻菲罗啉络合物,为A液;
(2)B液的制备:在反应器中,按质量百分浓度加入,水:50~58%;硝酸钙:26~32%;硝酸镍 :4~10%;脂肪醇聚氧乙烯(25)醚:0.05~0.1%;硝酸铈铵:6~12%;各组分之和为百分之百,溶解,即得B液;
(3)水溶性燃煤催化剂制备方法:将A液与B液按1:4混合,用酸调节pH在5.5~6.5之间,即得水溶性燃煤催化剂。
2.根据权利要求1中所述的水溶性燃煤催化剂制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)(2)中所述的水为自来水。
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