CN113973705B - Novel soilless culture autoimmune ecosystem construction method - Google Patents
Novel soilless culture autoimmune ecosystem construction method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113973705B CN113973705B CN202110898256.9A CN202110898256A CN113973705B CN 113973705 B CN113973705 B CN 113973705B CN 202110898256 A CN202110898256 A CN 202110898256A CN 113973705 B CN113973705 B CN 113973705B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ridges
- planting
- ridge
- earthworms
- cultivation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 230000001363 autoimmune Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 241001233061 earthworms Species 0.000 claims abstract description 172
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000007952 growth promoter Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000005787 Cistanche Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000009917 Crataegus X brevipes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000013204 Crataegus X haemacarpa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000009685 Crataegus X maligna Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000009444 Crataegus X rubrocarnea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000009486 Crataegus bullatus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000017181 Crataegus chrysocarpa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000009682 Crataegus limnophila Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000004423 Crataegus monogyna Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000002313 Crataegus paludosa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000009840 Crataegus x incaedua Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000208688 Eucommia Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000411851 herbal medicine Species 0.000 claims 2
- 240000000171 Crataegus monogyna Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 description 16
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 241001092040 Crataegus Species 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005667 attractant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000031902 chemoattractant activity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002984 plastic foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000208689 Eucommia ulmoides Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/0332—Earthworms
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel method for constructing a soilless culture autoimmune ecosystem, which comprises the following steps: s1, composting the feed raw materials into planting ridges, putting earthworms into the planting ridges, and feeding the earthworms until the earthworm cast cultivation substrate is formed; s2, composting the breeding raw materials at the edge of the planting ridge into a breeding ridge; s3, stopping supplying water to the planting ridges, transferring earthworms in the planting ridges to the culture ridges, and planting vegetables on the planting ridges in a fixed mode; s4, harvesting vegetables to obtain tailed vegetables, placing the tailed vegetables and feed raw materials on planting ridges, stopping water supply of the planting ridges, and planting the vegetables on the planting ridges when earthworms on the planting ridges migrate to the planting ridges; s5, harvesting vegetables to obtain tailed vegetables, placing the tailed vegetables and feed raw materials on the cultivation ridges, stopping water supply of the cultivation ridges, and planting the vegetables on the cultivation ridges in a fixed manner when earthworms on the cultivation ridges migrate to the cultivation ridges; s6, repeating S4-S5; a pull plate is arranged between the cultivation ridge and the planting ridge. The system constructed by the invention can realize the sustainable self-renewal of the culture medium and produce high-quality vegetables.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soilless culture. More particularly, the invention relates to a novel method for constructing an autoimmune ecosystem in soilless culture.
Background
With the development of facility agriculture, the value and the importance of soilless culture are more and more embodied. Soilless culture forms are many, the most application area in current production is a matrix trough culture mode, but the problems of high matrix cost, difficult postpartum treatment and the like exist. In addition, continuous cropping causes the problems of reduced performance of the culture substrate, low crop yield, reduced quality and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to solve at least the above problems and to provide a novel soilless culture autoimmune ecosystem construction method which can achieve sustainable self-renewal of a culture medium to produce high quality vegetables.
To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a novel soilless culture autoimmune ecosystem construction method, comprising the steps of:
s1, forming planting ridges by utilizing compost of feed raw materials, keeping the water content of the planting ridges to be 65-75%, putting earthworms into the planting ridges, and feeding until earthworm cast cultivation substrates are formed;
s2, composting the breeding raw materials at the edge of the planting ridge to form a breeding ridge, and keeping the water content of the breeding ridge between 65 and 75 percent;
s3, stopping supplying water to the planting ridges, and planting vegetables on the planting ridges when earthworms in the planting ridges migrate into the cultivation ridges;
s4, harvesting vegetables to obtain tailed vegetables, placing the tailed vegetables and feed raw materials on planting ridges, keeping the moisture of the planting ridges at 65-75%, simultaneously stopping supplying moisture to the breeding ridges, and planting the vegetables on the breeding ridges when earthworms in the breeding ridges migrate to the planting ridges;
s5, harvesting vegetables to obtain tailed vegetables, placing the tailed vegetables and feed raw materials on cultivation ridges, keeping the water content of the cultivation ridges at 65-75%, stopping supplying water to the cultivation ridges, and planting vegetables on the cultivation ridges in a fixed manner when earthworms in the cultivation ridges migrate into the cultivation ridges;
s6, repeating the steps S4-S5;
wherein, a pull plate is arranged between the cultivation ridge and the planting ridge.
Preferably, the width of each planting ridge and the width of each breeding ridge are both 70cm, the height of each planting ridge and the height of each breeding ridge are both 25cm, and the feeding amount of earthworms is as follows: 1kg of earthworms are put in each square meter.
Preferably, the earthworm variety is Daping No. 2.
Preferably, the feeding raw materials comprise cow dung and straws; the straws are corn straws which are 5-8cm straw sections.
Preferably, after each harvest of the vegetables, the worms with their loops are recovered on the ridges next to the vegetables.
Preferably, the pull plate is inserted into an installation groove, and the notch of the installation groove faces upwards; the mounting groove is provided with a penetrating opening towards the side walls of the planting ridges and the cultivation ridges, and a pair of penetrating openings are communicated with the planting ridges and the cultivation ridges; the length of each penetrating opening is larger than that of the corresponding cultivation ridge or the corresponding planting ridge, and the width of each penetrating opening is larger than that of the corresponding cultivation ridge or the corresponding planting ridge; each penetrating opening is provided with a rail, and two ends of each rail are fixedly connected with two ends of the penetrating opening along the length direction; each rail is provided with a plurality of horizontal supporting rods at uniform intervals, one end of each supporting rod, which is far away from the rail, is fixedly connected with a light-emitting source, and the light-emitting source is embedded into a planting ridge or a breeding ridge, which is towards the rail; and the plurality of light-emitting light sources on the same side are controlled by the same external remote controller.
Preferably, the mounting groove is rotatably provided with an earthworm recovery device, and the earthworm recovery device comprises:
the anti-escape device comprises a pair of anti-escape plates and a collecting groove arranged between the pair of anti-escape plates; the pair of anti-escape plates are respectively arranged at two ends of the planting ridges or the breeding ridges, the pair of anti-escape plates correspond to two end surfaces of the mounting groove, the center of the end surface of each anti-escape plate is rotatably connected with the center of the end surface of the corresponding mounting groove, and each anti-escape plate is tightly attached to and covers the side surface of the corresponding planting ridge or breeding ridge; the collecting groove is positioned on one side, away from the mounting groove, of the planting ridge or the breeding ridge, the collecting groove is arranged along the length direction of the planting ridge or the breeding ridge, the centers of two end faces of the collecting groove are respectively and rotatably connected with the centers of end faces, away from the mounting groove, of a pair of anti-escape plates, the notch of the collecting groove faces the mounting groove, a pair of sliders with the same height are arranged at the positions, close to the edges of the notches, of two inner side walls of the collecting groove along the length direction, the pair of sliders move along the vertical direction, and a shielding plate is hinged between the pair of sliders; wherein, the inner wall of the collecting tank is paved with sponge, and the sponge is sprayed with phagostimulant;
when the earthworms need to be recovered, the pair of sliding blocks slide to the highest point, and one end, far away from the collecting tank, of the covering plate is arranged on the top surface of the planting ridge or the breeding ridge.
Preferably, the Chinese medicinal growth promoter is uniformly sprayed on the ridges every two days during the earthworm feeding period, and the spraying amount of the Chinese medicinal growth promoter is 0.5-1.0L/m 2 ；
The preparation of the traditional Chinese medicine growth promoter comprises the following steps: according to the mass ratio of 2: 1: 3, sequentially taking cistanche powder, eucommia bark powder and hawthorn powder, uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder, dissolving the mixed powder in an ethanol solution, homogenizing under 30-40MPa for 30-40min, then soaking at normal temperature for 5-7d to obtain a mixed solution, and diluting the mixed solution by 50 times with deionized water to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine growth promoter; wherein the volume fraction of the ethanol solution is 5%, and the mass ratio of the mixed powder to the ethanol solution is 1: 100.
the invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
firstly, composting feeding raw materials to form a planting ridge and a cultivation ridge, then throwing earthworms on the planting ridge, digesting the feeding raw materials to form an earthworm cast cultivation substrate, driving the earthworms to be transferred from the planting ridge to the cultivation ridge by controlling the moisture content on the planting ridge and the cultivation ridge, continuously feeding the earthworms on the cultivation ridge at the moment, and planting vegetables in the earthworm cast cultivation substrate; after the vegetables are harvested, the vegetables and the feeding raw materials are placed on the planting ridges together, the earthworms are driven to be transferred from the planting ridges to the planting ridges by controlling the moisture content of the planting ridges and the water content of the hills of the planting ridges, the earthworms are continuously fed on the planting ridges, and the vegetables are fixedly planted on the planting ridges; by designing the drawing plate, on one hand, earthworms can be prevented from moving back and forth in the planting ridges and the cultivation ridges, on the other hand, root systems of vegetables can be prevented from extending to the ridges for raising earthworms, nutrients and moisture can be absorbed, and brand new earthworm cast cultivation substrates can be generated on the ridges where the earthworms are located; through breeding earthworm and the mode of field planting vegetables rotation in turn, on the one hand, can realize the sustainable self-renewal of earthworm cast culture medium, utilize the high-efficient quality of earthworm cast, produce high-quality vegetables, on the other hand, utilize the forage of the end dish as the earthworm of field planting vegetables, can practice thrift the cost of raising, improved the utilization ratio of vegetables end dish.
Secondly, the traditional Chinese medicine growth promoter is sprayed during the earthworm feeding period, hawthorn in the traditional Chinese medicine growth promoter promotes the earthworm to prey, cistanche and eucommia can promote the earthworm to breed, and the combination of the hawthorn, the cistanche and the eucommia can promote the earthworm to grow and breed, so that the effective operation and maintenance of the system are ensured.
Thirdly, by designing the mounting groove, the penetrating opening, the cross bar, the supporting rod and the light-emitting light source, on one hand, when earthworms need to be migrated, the light-emitting light source on the ridge where the earthworms are located is turned on, and the earthworms can be driven to migrate to the adjacent ridge under the light-shielding nature of the earthworms, so that the migration effect is further improved, on the other hand, the earthworms can be stimulated by controlling the on-off of the light-emitting light source, so that the earthworms can climb in the ridge in a turning way, the activity of the earthworms is increased, the growth of the earthworms is faster, and the looseness of the culture medium is improved; by designing the anti-escape plate, the collecting tank, the sliding block and the covering plate, when earthworms need to be recovered, the anti-escape plate can prevent the earthworms from escaping from the side edges of the ridges, and under the dual influence of the light-emitting light source in the ridges where the earthworms are located and the phagostimulant in the collecting tank, the earthworms can be driven to migrate to the collecting tank; because plant the ridge or breed the ridge under natural state, its upper surface is different with the width of top surface down, and the side is the inclined plane, and the cross-section is trapezoidal, so plant the ridge or breed the space that can form a V type between the upper surface of ridge and the bottom surface down, can shelter from this V type space through the design apron, avoid light too strong, influence the earthworm to retrieve, further improve and retrieve the effect.
The invention also discloses a method for constructing a novel soilless culture autoimmune ecosystem, which is characterized in that earthworms are used for treating cow dung, straws and vegetable trailers, so that the quantity, the abundance and the metabolic products of microorganisms in a wormcast culture matrix system can be increased, and through recycling the earthworms, immune polypeptide micromolecules in the earthworms can be extracted to produce microbial disease-resistant inoculants.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a connecting structure of a planting ridge, a breeding ridge, a mounting groove and an earthworm recovery device according to one technical scheme of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of A-A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a connection structure of the mounting groove, the rail and the light source according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side view of a connecting structure of the collecting tank and the cover plate according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an inner side wall of the collecting tank according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals are as follows: 1-a base; 2-mounting grooves; 3, drawing and pulling a plate; 4-a strut; 5-a light emitting source; 7-horizontal bar; 8-a collecting tank; 81-a cover sheet; 82-an inner side wall; 9-sponge; 10-an anti-escape plate; 11-planting ridges; 12-cultivating ridges; 13-a slide block; 14-chute.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples so that those skilled in the art can practice the invention with reference to the description.
As shown in figures 1-5, the invention provides a novel method for constructing a soilless culture autoimmune ecosystem, which comprises the following steps:
s1, forming planting ridges by utilizing compost of feed raw materials, keeping the water content of the planting ridges to be 65-75%, putting earthworms into the planting ridges, and feeding until earthworm cast cultivation substrates are formed;
s2, composting the breeding raw materials at the edge of the planting ridge to form a breeding ridge, and keeping the water content of the breeding ridge between 65 and 75 percent;
s3, stopping supplying water to the planting ridges, and planting vegetables on the planting ridges when earthworms in the planting ridges migrate into the cultivation ridges;
s4, harvesting vegetables to obtain tailed vegetables, placing the tailed vegetables and feed raw materials on planting ridges, keeping the moisture of the planting ridges at 65-75%, stopping supplying moisture to the breeding ridges, and planting the vegetables on the breeding ridges in a fixed manner when earthworms in the breeding ridges migrate into the planting ridges;
s5, harvesting vegetables to obtain tailed vegetables, placing the tailed vegetables and feed raw materials on cultivation ridges, keeping the water content of the cultivation ridges at 65-75%, stopping supplying water to the cultivation ridges, and planting vegetables on the cultivation ridges in a fixed manner when earthworms in the cultivation ridges migrate into the cultivation ridges;
s6, repeating the steps S4-S5;
wherein a pull plate 3 is arranged between the cultivation ridge and the planting ridge;
according to the technical scheme, the raising raw material compost is utilized to form a planting ridge and a cultivation ridge in sequence, earthworms are put on the planting ridge, the raising raw material is digested by the earthworms to form a earthworm cast cultivation substrate, the earthworms are driven to be transferred from the planting ridge to the cultivation ridge by controlling the moisture content on the planting ridge and the cultivation ridge, the earthworms are continuously raised on the cultivation ridge at the moment, and vegetables are planted in the earthworm cast cultivation substrate; after the vegetables are harvested, the vegetables and the feeding raw materials are placed on the planting ridges together, the earthworms are driven to be transferred from the planting ridges to the planting ridges by controlling the moisture content of the planting ridges and the water content of the hills of the planting ridges, the earthworms are continuously fed on the planting ridges, and the vegetables are fixedly planted on the planting ridges; by designing the drawing plate, on one hand, earthworms can be prevented from moving back and forth in the planting ridges and the cultivation ridges, on the other hand, root systems of vegetables can be prevented from extending to the ridges for feeding the earthworms, nutrients and moisture can be absorbed, and brand-new earthworm cast cultivation substrates can be generated on the ridges where the earthworms are located; through breeding earthworm and the mode of field planting vegetables rotation in turn, on the one hand, can realize the sustainable self-renewal of earthworm cast culture medium, utilize the high-efficient quality of earthworm cast, produce high-quality vegetables, on the other hand, utilize the forage of the end dish as the earthworm of field planting vegetables, can practice thrift the cost of raising, improved the utilization ratio of vegetables end dish.
In another technical scheme, the width of each planting ridge and the width of each breeding ridge are both 70cm, the height of each planting ridge and the height of each breeding ridge are both 25cm, and the earthworm throwing amount is as follows: 1kg of earthworms is thrown per square meter.
In another technical scheme, the earthworm species is Daping No. 2.
In another technical scheme, the feeding raw materials comprise cow dung and straws; the straws are corn straws, the corn straws are 5-8cm straw sections, and the 5-8cm straw sections are beneficial to earthworm predation and digestion.
In another technical scheme, earthworms with endless belts on ridges beside vegetables are recovered after the vegetables are harvested each time; in the technical scheme, the earthworms with the annular bands are recovered, so that three generations of earthworms can be avoided, and the stable operation of the whole system is kept.
In another technical scheme, the drawing plate 3 is inserted into an installation groove 2, and the notch of the installation groove 2 faces upwards; the side walls of the mounting grooves 2 facing the planting ridges 11 and the cultivating ridges 12 are provided with penetrating openings, and a pair of penetrating openings are communicated with the planting ridges 11 and the cultivating ridges 12; the length of each penetrating opening is larger than the length of the corresponding cultivation ridge 12 or the corresponding planting ridge 11, and the width of each penetrating opening is larger than the height of the corresponding cultivation ridge 12 or the corresponding planting ridge 11; each penetrating opening is provided with a rail 7, and two ends of each rail 7 are fixedly connected with two ends of the penetrating opening along the length direction; a plurality of horizontal supporting rods 4 are uniformly arranged on each rail 7 at intervals, one end, far away from the rail 7, of each supporting rod 4 is fixedly connected with a light-emitting source 5, and the light-emitting source 5 is embedded into a planting ridge 11 or a breeding ridge 12, towards the rail 7; the plurality of light-emitting sources 5 on the same side are controlled by the same external remote controller;
in the above technical solution, specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the mounting groove 2 is mounted on a base 1, and the base 1 is grounded; the length of each penetrating opening is greater than the length of the corresponding cultivation ridge 12 or the corresponding planting ridge 11, and the width of each penetrating opening is greater than the height of the corresponding cultivation ridge 12 or the corresponding planting ridge 11, namely, the penetrating opening covers the side surface of the planting ridge 11 or the cultivation ridge 12, so that earthworms can move conveniently; the light-emitting light sources 5 can be common electric lamps or intelligent lamps, the switches of the light-emitting light sources are controlled by an external remote controller, and the light-emitting light sources 5 on the same side are controlled by the same external remote controller; when earthworms need to be moved, the pulling plate 3 is upwards drawn out, meanwhile, the light-emitting light source 5 in the ridge where the earthworms are located is turned on through an external remote controller, the earthworms move to the ridge with sufficient water beside under the double stimulation of water shortage and lamplight, after the earthworms are confirmed to be finished, the light-emitting light source 5 is turned off, and after vegetables are planted, the pulling plate 3 is returned to the original position;
in the technical scheme, by designing the mounting groove 2, the penetrating opening, the cross bar 7, the support rod 4 and the light-emitting light source 5, on one hand, when earthworms need to be migrated, the light-emitting light source on the ridge where the earthworms are located is turned on, and the earthworms can be driven to migrate to the nearby ridge under the light-shielding nature of the earthworms, so that the migration effect is further improved, on the other hand, the earthworms can be stimulated to climb in the ridge by controlling the on-off of the light-emitting light source, so that the activity of the earthworms is increased, the earthworms can grow faster, and the looseness of the culture medium is improved;
in another technical scheme, rotate on the mounting groove 2 and be equipped with earthworm recovery unit, earthworm recovery unit includes:
a pair of anti-escape plates 10 and a collecting groove 8 arranged between the pair of anti-escape plates; a pair of anti-escape plates 10 are respectively arranged at two ends of the planting ridges or the breeding ridges, the pair of anti-escape plates 10 correspond to two end surfaces of the mounting groove 2, the center of the end surface of each anti-escape plate 10 is rotatably connected with the center of the end surface of the corresponding mounting groove 2, and each anti-escape plate 10 is tightly attached to and covers the side surface of the corresponding planting ridge or breeding ridge; the collecting groove 8 is located on one side, far away from the mounting groove 2, of the planting ridge or the breeding ridge, the collecting groove 8 is arranged along the length direction of the planting ridge or the breeding ridge, centers of two end faces of the collecting groove 8 are respectively connected with centers of end faces, far away from the mounting groove, of a pair of anti-escape plates 10 in a rotating mode, a notch of the collecting groove 8 faces the mounting groove 2, a pair of sliding blocks 13 with the same height are vertically arranged on two inner side walls, close to edges of the notch, of the collecting groove 8 along the length direction in a sliding mode, and a shielding plate 81 is hinged between the pair of sliding blocks 13; wherein, a sponge 9 is laid on the inner wall of the collecting tank 8, and a phagostimulant is sprayed on the sponge;
when earthworms need to be recovered, the pair of sliding blocks 13 slide to the highest point, and one end, far away from the collecting groove 8, of the covering plate 81 is placed on the top surface of the planting ridge or the breeding ridge;
in the above technical solution, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, each anti-escape plate 10 corresponds to one end face of a mounting groove, the center of the end face of each anti-escape plate 10 is rotatably connected with the center of the end face of the corresponding mounting groove 2, and the manner of the rotatable connection is specifically that a bearing is arranged at the center of the end face of the mounting groove 2, an L-shaped support rod is arranged at the center of the corresponding end face of the anti-escape plate 10, and the other end of the L-shaped support rod is connected with the bearing in a matching manner to realize the rotatable connection of the anti-escape plate and the corresponding mounting groove, so that when the earthworm recovery device is turned over from one ridge to the other ridge side, a pair of anti-escape plates 10 and a collection groove 8 are just enclosed outside the corresponding ridge; each anti-escape plate 10 is tightly attached to and covers the corresponding planting ridge 11 or breeding ridge 12, so that earthworms are prevented from escaping; the centers of two end faces of the collecting tank 8 are respectively rotatably connected with the centers of end faces of a pair of anti-escape plates 10 far away from the mounting groove 2 in a manner that a bearing is arranged at the center of the end face of the collecting tank 8, a connecting rod is arranged at the center of the end face corresponding to the anti-escape plate 10, and one end of the connecting rod far away from the anti-escape plate 10 is matched and connected with the bearing to realize the rotary connection; the ridges where earthworms need to be recovered are surrounded by the pair of anti-escape plates 10, the collecting tank 8 and the partition plates; a pair of sliders 13 with the same height are vertically arranged on two inner side walls of the collecting tank 8 in the length direction and close to the edge of the notch in a sliding manner, specifically, sliding grooves 14 in the vertical direction are respectively arranged on the opposite inner side walls 82 in the collecting tank 8, the length of each sliding groove 14 is the same as the height of the collecting tank 8 or slightly smaller than the height of the collecting tank 8, the pair of sliders 13 correspond to the two sliding grooves 14, and the sliders 13 are connected with the sliding grooves 14 in a matching manner; articulated between a pair of slider 13 have a cover plate 81, collecting vat 8's height is greater than plant ridge 11 or breed the height of ridge 12, cover plate 81's design length is: when earthworms in the planting ridges 11 need to be recovered, the pair of sliding blocks 13 slide to the highest point, at this time, one end, away from the collecting groove 8, of the covering plate 81 can be placed on the top surfaces of the planting ridges 11 or the cultivation ridges 12, the planting ridges 11 or the cultivation ridges 12 are in a natural state, the widths of the upper top surfaces and the lower bottom surfaces of the covering plate are different, the side surfaces are inclined surfaces, the cross sections of the covering plate are trapezoidal, a V-shaped space can be formed between the upper top surfaces and the lower bottom surfaces of the planting ridges 11 or the cultivation ridges 12, the V-shaped space can be shielded by designing the covering plate 81, and the phenomenon that the light is too strong due to the fact that the light is shot into the V-shaped space from the moment and the recovery of the earthworms is affected is avoided; wherein, a sponge 9 is laid on the inner wall of the collecting tank 8, and a phagostimulant is sprayed on the sponge 9 and is an earthworm phagostimulant well known by the technical personnel in the field;
as shown in fig. 1, the cultivation ridge 12 is on the right side, the planting ridge 11 is on the left side, when earthworms in the cultivation ridge 12 need to be recovered, an earthworm recovery device is installed around the cultivation ridge 12, water supply in the cultivation ridge 12 is stopped, the collecting tank 8 is rotated to enable the notch of the collecting tank to face upwards, then the pair of sliding blocks 13 is slid to the rightmost end, the covering plate 81 is lifted, the collecting tank 8 is rotated to enable the notch of the collecting tank to face towards the installation groove 2, then the covering plate 81 is placed on the cultivation ridge 12, the pulling plate 3 is pulled away at the moment, the light-emitting light source 5 in the cultivation ridge 12 is turned on, the attractant is sprayed to the sponge 9 in the collecting tank 8, and under double stimulation of light source and water shortage, the earthworms gradually migrate into the collecting tank 8 to recover the earthworms in the cultivation ridge 12; when the earthworms in the planting ridge 11 need to be recovered, the earthworm recovery device is turned to the side of the planting ridge 11, the water supply in the breeding ridge 12 is stopped, the collecting tank 8 is rotated, the notch of the collecting tank is upward, the covering plate 81 is lifted, the pair of sliding blocks 13 is moved, the sliding block slides to the leftmost side, then the collecting tank 8 is rotated, the notch of the collecting tank faces the installation groove 2, the covering plate 81 is placed on the planting ridge 11, the drawing plate 3 is taken away, the light-emitting light source 5 in the planting ridge 11 is opened simultaneously, the phagostimulant is sprayed to the sponge 9 in the collecting tank 8, under the double stimulation of light source and water shortage, the earthworms gradually migrate to the collecting tank 8, and the earthworms in the planting ridge 11 can be recovered.
In the technical scheme, by designing the anti-escape plate, the collecting tank, the sliding block and the covering plate, when earthworms need to be recovered, the anti-escape plate can prevent the earthworms from escaping from the side edges of the ridges, and under the dual influence of the light-emitting light source in the ridges where the earthworms are located and the phagostimulant in the collecting tank, the earthworms can be driven to migrate to the collecting tank; because plant the ridge or breed the ridge under natural state, its upper surface is different with the width of top surface down, and the side is the inclined plane, and the cross-section is trapezoidal, so plant the ridge or breed the space that can form a V type between the upper surface of ridge and the bottom surface down, can shelter from this V type space through the design apron, avoid light too strong, influence the earthworm to retrieve, further improve and retrieve the effect.
In another technical scheme, during the period of raising earthworms, uniformly spraying the traditional Chinese medicine growth promoter on ridges every two days, wherein the spraying amount of the traditional Chinese medicine growth promoter is 0.5-1.0L/m 2 ；
The preparation of the traditional Chinese medicine growth promoter is as follows: according to the mass ratio of 2: 1: 3, sequentially taking cistanche powder, eucommia bark powder and hawthorn powder, uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder, dissolving the mixed powder in an ethanol solution, homogenizing under 30-40MPa for 30-40min, then soaking at normal temperature for 5-7d to obtain a mixed solution, and diluting the mixed solution by 50 times with deionized water to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine growth promoter; wherein the volume fraction of the ethanol solution is 5%, and the mass ratio of the mixed powder to the ethanol solution is 1: 100, respectively;
in the technical scheme, the traditional Chinese medicine growth promoter is sprayed during the earthworm feeding period, hawthorn in the traditional Chinese medicine growth promoter promotes the earthworm to prey, the cistanche and the eucommia can promote the earthworm to reproduce, the earthworm growth and reproduction can be promoted by combining the traditional Chinese medicine growth promoter, the cistanche and the eucommia, the effective operation and maintenance of a system are ensured, and high-quality vegetables can be continuously produced.
< example 1>
The invention discloses a novel method for constructing a soilless culture autoimmune ecosystem, which comprises the following steps:
s1, forming planting ridges by utilizing compost of feed raw materials, keeping the water content of the planting ridges to be 65-75%, putting earthworms into the planting ridges, and feeding until earthworm cast cultivation substrates are formed;
s2, composting the feeding raw materials at the edge of the planting ridge to form a cultivation ridge, and keeping the water content of the cultivation ridge between 65 and 75 percent;
s3, stopping supplying water to the planting ridges, and planting vegetables on the planting ridges when earthworms in the planting ridges migrate into the cultivation ridges;
s4, harvesting vegetables to obtain tailed vegetables, placing the tailed vegetables and feed raw materials on planting ridges, keeping the moisture of the planting ridges at 65-75%, stopping supplying moisture to the breeding ridges, and planting the vegetables on the breeding ridges in a fixed manner when earthworms in the breeding ridges migrate into the planting ridges;
s5, harvesting vegetables to obtain tailed vegetables, placing the tailed vegetables and feed raw materials on cultivation ridges, keeping the water content of the cultivation ridges at 65-75%, stopping supplying water to the cultivation ridges, and planting vegetables on the cultivation ridges in a fixed manner when earthworms in the cultivation ridges migrate into the cultivation ridges;
s6, repeating the steps S4-S5;
the pull-out plates 3 are arranged between the cultivation ridges and the planting ridges, the length directions of the pull-out plates 3 are consistent with the length directions of the planting ridges, and the two ends of each pull-out plate 3 are flush with the two ends of the corresponding planting ridge or the two ends of each pull-out plate 3 protrude out of the two ends of the corresponding planting ridge;
specifically, the feeding raw materials comprise cow dung, straws and vegetable tail vegetables, wherein the straws are corn straws which are 5-8cm straw sections; composting and ridging the cow dung, the straws and the vegetable tails to form planting ridges, wherein the width of each planting ridge is 70cm, the height of each planting ridge is 25cm, the width refers to the width of the upper top surface of each planting ridge, and the width of the lower top surface of each planting ridge is about 90cm in a natural state in actual application; 2 dropper strips are laid on the surfaces of the planted ridges, watering is carried out to keep the water content of the planted ridges at 65-75%, and then earthworms are thrown in the planting ridges, wherein the throwing amount of the earthworms is as follows: 1kg of earthworms are put in each square meter, the variety of the earthworms is No. 2 Daping, and the earthworms are put in the positions according to the area of the top surface on the planting ridges; the earthworms digest cow dung, straws and vegetable tails to form earthworm dung;
composting and ridging cow dung, straws and vegetable tails at the edge of the planting ridge to form a cultivation ridge, wherein the width of the cultivation ridge is 70cm, the height of the cultivation ridge is 25cm, the width refers to the width of the upper top surface of the cultivation ridge, and the width of the lower top surface of the cultivation ridge is about 90cm in a natural state during actual application; 2 drip pipe belts are laid on the surfaces of the cultivation ridges, watering is carried out to keep the moisture of the cultivation ridges at 65-75%, then the moisture supply to the cultivation ridges is stopped, earthworms in the cultivation ridges migrate to earthworms in the cultivation ridges under the driving of the instincts of the earthworms, and the standard for judging the field planting of the cultivation ridges is as follows: before the earthworms migrate, splitting the planting ridge, observing the number of the earthworms in the cross section of the planting ridge, after the earthworms migrate, continuously observing the number of the earthworms in the cross section of the planting ridge, and planting vegetables in the planting ridge when the number of the earthworms in the cross section of the planting ridge is less than 20% of the number of the earthworms before the earthworms migrate;
when the vegetables are harvested, vegetable tailing is obtained, the vegetable tailing is used as a part of feed raw materials and is placed on the planting ridges, the moisture of the planting ridges is kept to be 65-75%, meanwhile, the moisture supply to the cultivation ridges is stopped, and when earthworms in the cultivation ridges migrate to the planting ridges, the vegetables are planted on the cultivation ridges in a fixed mode; when the vegetables are harvested, vegetable tails are obtained, the vegetable tails serving as a part of feed raw materials are placed on the cultivation ridges, the water content of the cultivation ridges is kept between 65% and 75%, meanwhile, water supply to the planting ridges is stopped, and when earthworms in the planting ridges migrate into the cultivation ridges, the vegetables are planted on the planting ridges in a fixed mode; repeating the process of alternately planting vegetables and breeding earthworms;
wherein, when the earthworm needs to be moved, the pull plate 3 is taken away, and after the vegetables are planted, the pull plate 3 is returned.
< example 2>
The invention discloses a novel soilless culture autoimmune ecosystem construction method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, forming planting ridges by utilizing compost of feed raw materials, keeping the water content of the planting ridges to be 65-75%, putting earthworms into the planting ridges, and feeding until earthworm cast cultivation substrates are formed;
s2, composting the feeding raw materials at the edge of the planting ridge to form a cultivation ridge, and keeping the water content of the cultivation ridge between 65 and 75 percent;
s3, stopping supplying water to the planting ridges, and planting vegetables on the planting ridges when earthworms in the planting ridges migrate into the cultivation ridges;
s4, harvesting vegetables to obtain tailed vegetables, placing the tailed vegetables and feed raw materials on planting ridges, keeping the moisture of the planting ridges at 65-75%, stopping supplying moisture to the breeding ridges, and planting the vegetables on the breeding ridges in a fixed manner when earthworms in the breeding ridges migrate into the planting ridges;
s5, harvesting vegetables to obtain tailed vegetables, placing the tailed vegetables and feed raw materials on cultivation ridges, keeping the water content of the cultivation ridges at 65-75%, stopping supplying water to the cultivation ridges, and planting vegetables on the cultivation ridges in a fixed manner when earthworms in the cultivation ridges migrate into the cultivation ridges;
s6, repeating the steps S4-S5;
wherein, during the period of raising earthworms, the ridge is uniformly sprayed with the Chinese medicinal growth promoter every two days, and the spraying amount of the Chinese medicinal growth promoter is 0.8L/m 2 (ii) a The preparation of the traditional Chinese medicine growth promoter is as follows: according to the mass ratio of 2: 1: 3, sequentially taking cistanche powder, eucommia bark powder and hawthorn powder, uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder, dissolving the mixed powder in an ethanol solution, homogenizing under 30-40MPa for 30-40min, then soaking at normal temperature for 5-7d to obtain a mixed solution, and diluting the mixed solution by 50 times with deionized water to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine growth promoter; wherein the volume fraction of the ethanol solution is 5%, and the mass ratio of the mixed powder to the ethanol solution is 1: 100, respectively;
a pull plate 3 is arranged between the cultivation ridge and the planting ridge; the length direction of the pull plate 3 is consistent with that of the planting ridges, and two ends of the pull plate 3 are flush with two ends of the corresponding planting ridges or two ends of the pull plate 3 protrude out of two ends of the corresponding planting ridges;
the drawing plate is inserted into an installation groove, and a notch of the installation groove is upward; the mounting groove is provided with a penetrating opening towards the side walls of the planting ridges and the cultivation ridges, and a pair of penetrating openings are communicated with the planting ridges and the cultivation ridges; the length of each penetrating opening is greater than the length of the corresponding cultivation ridge or the corresponding planting ridge, and the width of each penetrating opening is greater than the height of the corresponding cultivation ridge or the corresponding planting ridge; each penetrating opening is provided with a rail, and two ends of each rail are fixedly connected with two ends of the penetrating opening along the length direction respectively; each rail is provided with a plurality of horizontal supporting rods which are uniformly spaced, one end of each supporting rod, which is far away from the rail, is fixedly connected with a luminous light source, and the luminous light source is embedded into a planting ridge or a breeding ridge which the rail faces; the plurality of light-emitting sources on the same side are controlled by the same external remote controller;
rotate on the mounting groove and be equipped with earthworm recovery unit, earthworm recovery unit includes:
the anti-escape device comprises a pair of anti-escape plates and a collecting groove arranged between the pair of anti-escape plates; the pair of anti-escape plates are respectively arranged at two ends of the planting ridges or the breeding ridges, the pair of anti-escape plates correspond to two end surfaces of the mounting groove, the center of the end surface of each anti-escape plate is rotatably connected with the center of the end surface of the corresponding mounting groove, and each anti-escape plate is tightly attached to and covers the side surface of the corresponding planting ridge or breeding ridge; the collecting groove is positioned on one side of the planting ridge or the breeding ridge, which is far away from the mounting groove, the collecting groove is arranged along the length direction of the planting ridge or the breeding ridge, the centers of two end surfaces of the collecting groove are respectively and rotatably connected with one ends, which are far away from the mounting groove, of a pair of anti-escape plates, the notch of the collecting groove faces the mounting groove, a pair of sliders with the same height are vertically arranged at the positions, which are close to the edges of the notches, of two inner side walls of the collecting groove along the length direction in a sliding manner, and a shielding plate is hinged between the sliders; wherein, the inner wall of the collecting tank is paved with sponge, and the sponge is sprayed with phagostimulant;
when earthworms need to be recovered, the pair of sliding blocks slide to the highest point, and one end, far away from the collecting groove, of the cover plate is arranged on the top surface of the planting ridge or the breeding ridge;
specifically, the feeding raw materials comprise cow dung, straws and vegetable tail vegetables, wherein the straws are corn straws which are 5-8cm straw sections; composting and ridging cow dung, straws and vegetable tails to form planting ridges, wherein the width of each planting ridge is 70cm, the height of each planting ridge is 25cm, the width refers to the width of the upper top surface of each planting ridge, and the width of the lower top surface of each planting ridge is about 90cm in a natural state during actual application; 2 drip pipe belts are laid on the surfaces of the planting ridges, watering is carried out to keep the moisture of the planting ridges at 65-75%, and then earthworms are put in, wherein the putting amount of the earthworms is as follows: 1kg of earthworms are put in each square meter, the variety of the earthworms is Daping No. 2, and the earthworms are put in the planting ridge according to the area of the top surface of the planting ridge; the earthworms digest cow dung, straws and vegetable tails to form earthworm dung;
composting and ridging cow dung, straws and vegetable tails at the edge of the planting ridge to form a cultivation ridge, wherein the width of the cultivation ridge is 70cm, the height of the cultivation ridge is 25cm, the width refers to the width of the upper top surface of the cultivation ridge, and the width of the lower top surface of the cultivation ridge is about 90cm in a natural state during actual application; lay 2 burette strips on breeding the ridge face, water, make and breed ridge moisture and keep at 65-75%, then stop to planting ridge supply moisture, order about down at the earthworm instinct, the earthworm migration in the planting ridge to breeding the earthworm in the ridge, but here judgement planting ridge field planting's standard is: before the earthworms migrate, splitting the planting ridge, observing the number of the earthworms in the cross section of the planting ridge, after the earthworms migrate, continuously observing the number of the earthworms in the cross section of the planting ridge, and planting vegetables in the planting ridge when the number of the earthworms in the cross section of the planting ridge is less than 20% of the number of the earthworms before the earthworms migrate;
when the vegetables are harvested, vegetable tailing is obtained, the vegetable tailing is used as a part of feed raw materials and is placed on planting ridges, the moisture of the planting ridges is kept to be 65-75%, meanwhile, moisture supply to the breeding ridges is stopped, and when earthworms in the breeding ridges migrate to the planting ridges, the vegetables are planted on the breeding ridges in a fixed mode; when the vegetables are harvested, vegetable tails are obtained, the vegetable tails serving as a part of feed raw materials are placed on the cultivation ridges, the water content of the cultivation ridges is kept between 65% and 75%, meanwhile, water supply to the planting ridges is stopped, and when earthworms in the planting ridges migrate into the cultivation ridges, the vegetables are planted on the planting ridges in a fixed mode; repeating the process of alternately planting vegetables and breeding earthworms;
spraying Chinese medicinal growth promoter on the ridges where the earthworms are located during raising the earthworms, namely spraying Chinese medicinal growth promoter on the ridges beside the planted vegetables, wherein the spraying amount of the Chinese medicinal growth promoter is 0.5-1.0L/m 2 The spraying area is based on the upper top surface of the ridge; in the embodiment, the traditional Chinese medicine growth promoter is prepared by mixing the following components in a mass ratio of 2: 1: 3, sequentially taking cistanche powder, eucommia bark powder and hawthorn powder, uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder, dissolving the mixed powder in an ethanol solution, homogenizing at 35MPa for 35min, then soaking at normal temperature for 7d to obtain a mixed solution, and diluting the mixed solution by 50 times with deionized water to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine growth promoter; wherein the volume fraction of the ethanol solution is 5 percentThe mass ratio of the mixed powder to the ethanol solution is 1: 100, respectively;
when earthworms need to be moved, the drawing plate 3 is taken away, and after vegetables are planted, the drawing plate 3 is returned;
because the earthworms are continuously bred during the raising period, the number of the earthworms is increased, in order to better maintain the system and maintain the principle of different earthworms in three generations, after each batch of tomatoes are harvested, the large earthworms (namely the earthworms with the circular bands) in the ridges beside the tomatoes need to be recovered, and the earthworms can be recovered by utilizing an earthworm recovery device;
as shown in fig. 1-5, the mounting groove 2 is mounted on a base 1, and the base 1 is grounded; the length of each penetrating opening is greater than the length of the corresponding cultivation ridge 12 or the corresponding planting ridge 11, and the width of each penetrating opening is greater than the height of the corresponding cultivation ridge 12 or the corresponding planting ridge 11, namely, the penetrating opening covers the side surface of the planting ridge 11 or the cultivation ridge 12, so that earthworms can move conveniently; the light-emitting sources 5 can be common electric lamps or intelligent lamps, the switches of the light-emitting sources are controlled by an external remote controller, and the light-emitting sources 5 on the same side are controlled by the same external remote controller; when earthworms need to be moved, the pulling plate 3 is upwards drawn out, meanwhile, the light-emitting light source 5 in the ridge where the earthworms are located is turned on through an external remote controller, the earthworms move to the ridge with sufficient water beside under the double stimulation of water shortage and lamplight, after the earthworms are confirmed to be finished, the light-emitting light source 5 is turned off, and after vegetables are planted, the pulling plate 3 is returned to the original position;
each anti-escape plate 10 corresponds to one end face of the mounting groove, the center of the end face of each anti-escape plate 10 is rotatably connected with the center of the end face of the corresponding mounting groove 2, and the rotary connection mode is specifically that a bearing is arranged at the center of the end face of the mounting groove 2, an L-shaped supporting rod is arranged at the center of the end face of each anti-escape plate 10 corresponding to the end face, and the other end of the L-shaped supporting rod is in matched connection with the bearing to realize the rotary connection of the anti-escape plates and the corresponding mounting grooves, so that when the earthworm recovery device is turned over from one ridge to the other ridge side, a pair of anti-escape plates 10 and a collecting groove 8 just surround the corresponding ridge; each anti-escape plate 10 is tightly attached to and covers the corresponding planting ridge 11 or breeding ridge 12, so that earthworms are prevented from escaping; the centers of two end faces of the collecting tank 8 are respectively rotatably connected with the centers of end faces of a pair of anti-escape plates 10 far away from the mounting groove 2 in a manner that a bearing is arranged at the center of the end face of the collecting tank 8, a connecting rod is arranged at the center of the end face corresponding to the anti-escape plate 10, and one end of the connecting rod far away from the anti-escape plate 10 is matched and connected with the bearing to realize the rotary connection; the ridges where earthworms need to be recovered are surrounded by the pair of anti-escape plates 10, the collecting tank 8 and the partition plates; a pair of sliders 13 with the same height are vertically arranged on two inner side walls of the collecting tank 8 in the length direction and close to the edge of the groove opening in a sliding manner, specifically, sliding grooves 14 in the vertical direction are respectively arranged on the opposite inner side walls 82 in the collecting tank 8, the length of each sliding groove 14 is identical to the height of the collecting tank 8 or slightly smaller than the height of the collecting tank 8, a pair of sliders 13 corresponds to the two sliding grooves 14, and the sliders 13 are connected with the sliding grooves 14 in a matching manner; a cover plate 81 is hinged between the pair of sliding blocks 13, the height of the collecting groove 8 is larger than the height of the planting ridges 11 or the cultivation ridges 12, and the design length of the cover plate 81 is as follows: when earthworms in the planting ridges 11 need to be recovered, the pair of sliding blocks 13 slide to the highest point, at this time, one end, away from the collecting groove 8, of the covering plate 81 can be placed on the top surfaces of the planting ridges 11 or the cultivation ridges 12, the planting ridges 11 or the cultivation ridges 12 are in a natural state, the widths of the upper top surfaces and the lower bottom surfaces of the covering plate are different, the side surfaces are inclined surfaces, the cross sections of the covering plate are trapezoidal, a V-shaped space can be formed between the upper top surfaces and the lower bottom surfaces of the planting ridges 11 or the cultivation ridges 12, the V-shaped space can be shielded by designing the covering plate 81, and the phenomenon that the light is too strong due to the fact that the light is shot into the V-shaped space from the moment and the recovery of the earthworms is affected is avoided; wherein, a sponge 9 is laid on the inner wall of the collecting tank 8, and a phagostimulant is sprayed on the sponge 9 and is an earthworm phagostimulant well known by the technical personnel in the field;
as shown in fig. 1, the cultivation ridge 12 is on the right side, the planting ridge 11 is on the left side, when earthworms in the cultivation ridge 12 need to be recovered, an earthworm recovery device is installed around the cultivation ridge 12, water supply in the cultivation ridge 12 is stopped, the collection tank 8 is rotated to enable a notch of the collection tank to face upwards, then the pair of sliding blocks 13 is slid to the rightmost end, the cover plate 81 is lifted, the collection tank 8 is rotated to enable the notch of the collection tank to face towards the installation groove 2, then the cover plate 81 is placed on the cultivation ridge 12, the pull plate 3 is pulled away at the moment, the light-emitting light source 5 in the cultivation ridge 12 is turned on, an attractant is sprayed to the sponge 9 in the collection tank 8, and the earthworms in the cultivation ridge 12 can be recovered by gradually migrating into the collection tank 8 under double stimulation of light source and water shortage; when the earthworms in the planting ridge 11 need to be recovered, the earthworm recovery device is turned to the side of the planting ridge 11, the water supply in the breeding ridge 12 is stopped, the collecting tank 8 is rotated, the notch of the collecting tank is upward, the covering plate 81 is lifted, the pair of sliding blocks 13 is moved, the sliding block slides to the leftmost side, then the collecting tank 8 is rotated, the notch of the collecting tank faces the installation groove 2, the covering plate 81 is placed on the planting ridge 11, the drawing plate 3 is taken away, the light-emitting light source 5 in the planting ridge 11 is opened simultaneously, the phagostimulant is sprayed to the sponge 9 in the collecting tank 8, under the double stimulation of light source and water shortage, the earthworms gradually migrate to the collecting tank 8, and the earthworms in the planting ridge 11 can be recovered.
< comparative example >
In the comparative example, earthworm cultivation is not carried out, and tomato permanent planting is carried out only by using fresh earthworm cast as a culture substrate, which comprises the following specific steps:
the first crop: ridging in a greenhouse by using fresh wormcast as a culture substrate, and planting tomatoes;
and (2) second crop: removing the culture medium of the first crop, replacing fresh wormcast as the culture medium, ridging in situ, and planting tomatoes;
and (3) a third crop: removing the culture medium of the second crop, replacing fresh wormcast as the culture medium, ridging in situ, and planting tomatoes.
< detection of vegetable quality >
According to the planting method of the embodiment 1-embodiment 2 and the comparative example, three batches of tomatoes are planted in a field planting mode continuously, the tomatoes in each batch are picked after being ripe, the content of reducing sugar and the content of vitamin C in the ripe tomatoes are detected, the tomato yield is counted, and the results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 tomato quality and yield List
As can be seen from table 1, in the novel soilless culture autoimmune ecosystem constructed by the present invention, in the three-crop planting, from the comparison of the data of example 1 and the comparative example, the quality of each crop of tomatoes has no obvious difference in reducing sugar content, vitamin C content and yield compared with the tomatoes cultured by continuously replacing the substrate in the prior art, which indicates that the novel soilless culture autoimmune ecosystem constructed by the present invention is successful and can produce high-quality vegetables; in the embodiment 2, the content of reducing sugar, the content of vitamin C and the yield of each tomato are obviously superior to those of the tomato in the embodiment 1 and the comparative example, and the fact that the traditional Chinese medicine growth promoter is added and the earthworm recovery device is matched with the traditional Chinese medicine growth promoter can obviously improve the quality and the yield of the tomato is explained.
< detection of weight gain and reproduction ratio of earthworm >
1. Preparing a traditional Chinese medicine growth promoter:
group A1: according to the mass ratio of 2: 1: 3, sequentially taking cistanche powder, eucommia bark powder and hawthorn powder, uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder, dissolving the mixed powder in an ethanol solution, homogenizing at 35MPa for 35min, then soaking at normal temperature for 7d to obtain a mixed solution, and diluting the mixed solution by 50 times with deionized water to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine growth promoter; wherein the volume fraction of the ethanol solution is 5%, and the mass ratio of the mixed powder to the ethanol solution is 1: 100, respectively;
group A2: according to the mass ratio of 1: 3, sequentially taking eucommia ulmoides powder and hawthorn powder, uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder, dissolving the mixed powder in an ethanol solution, homogenizing under 35MPa for 35min, then soaking at normal temperature for 7d to obtain mixed liquid, and diluting the mixed liquid by 50 times with deionized water to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine growth promoter; wherein the volume fraction of the ethanol solution is 5%, and the mass ratio of the mixed powder to the ethanol solution is 1: 100.
group A3: according to the mass ratio of 2: 3, sequentially taking cistanche powder and hawthorn powder, uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder, dissolving the mixed powder in an ethanol solution, homogenizing under 35MPa for 35min, then soaking at normal temperature for 7d to obtain a mixed solution, and diluting the mixed solution by 50 times with deionized water to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine growth promoter; wherein the volume fraction of the ethanol solution is 5%, and the mass ratio of the mixed powder to the ethanol solution is 1: 100.
2. experimental groups:
experimental groups: spraying the growth promoter of group A1;
comparative group 1: spraying the growth promoter of group A2;
comparative group 2: spraying the growth promoter of group A3;
comparative group 3: spraying clear water with the same weight as the blank control group;
3. earthworm weight gain rate detection
The method comprises the following steps: the raw materials of the feed in the embodiment 1, namely cow dung, straws and vegetable tail vegetables, are selected and composted according to a conventional method to form an earthworm feed base material; selecting 24cm × 15cm × 15cm (length × width × height) plastic foam box, laying a layer of 5cm thick feed base material in each plastic basket, putting 15 large and flat No. 2 earthworms with weight of 175 + -15 mg (youth period) into the plastic frame, covering the box with gauze to prevent the earthworms from escaping, placing the plastic frame in dark place for earthworm breeding, keeping the water content of the feed base material at 65-75% during the breeding period, spraying Chinese medicinal growth promoter into the feed base material every two days, wherein the spraying amount is 0.8L/m 2 ；
Wherein before the earthworms are put in, the average earthworm weight of the earthworms in the experimental group and the comparison groups 1 to 3 is measured and marked as W 0 After continuously feeding earthworms for 4 weeks, the average earthworm weight of the earthworms in each group of experiments is measured and recorded as W 1 Average earthworm weight = total earthworm weight/number of earthworms, weight gain (%) =100% × (W) 1 - W 0 ）/ W 0 (ii) a Each group of experiments is provided with three groups of parallel experiments, and the average value is taken; specific results are shown in table 2;
TABLE 2 comparison table of weight increasing rate of earthworms in each experimental group and comparative group
As can be seen from Table 2, the weight gain of the earthworms in the experimental group is obviously superior to that of each comparative group, which indicates that the growth of the earthworms can be obviously promoted by using the traditional Chinese medicine growth promoter in the experimental group.
4. Earthworm reproduction rate detection
The method comprises the following steps: the raw materials of the feed in the embodiment 1, namely cow dung, straws and vegetable tail vegetables, are selected and composted according to a conventional method to form an earthworm feed base material; selecting 24cm × 15cm × 15cm (length × width × height) plastic foam box, laying a layer of 5cm thick feed base material in each plastic basket, putting 15 large and flat No. 2 earthworms with weight of 550 + -25 mg (in adult period) into the plastic frame, covering the box with gauze to prevent the earthworms from escaping, placing the plastic frame in dark place for earthworm breeding, keeping the water content of the feed base material at 65-75% during the breeding period, spraying Chinese medicinal growth promoter into the feed base material every two days, wherein the spraying amount is 0.8L/m 2 ；
Wherein, the number of the produced cocoons of the earthworms is measured every other week, the average number is taken, and the cocoons are continuously measured for 4 weeks; three groups of parallel experiments are set in each group of experiments, and an average value is taken; specific results are shown in table 3;
TABLE 3 comparison table of number of cocoons produced by earthworms in each experimental group and comparative group
As can be seen from Table 3, the number of cocoons produced per earthworm per week in the experimental group is significantly greater than that in the comparative groups, which indicates that the growth of the earthworms in adult period can be significantly promoted by using the traditional Chinese medicine growth promoter in the experimental group.
In conclusion, the novel soilless culture autoimmune ecosystem constructed by the invention can realize low-cost soilless culture, and the cultured vegetables have high quality and stable system and better application prospect.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not intended to be limited to the details shown, described and illustrated herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features herein disclosed, and to such extent that such modifications are readily available to those skilled in the art, and it is not intended to be limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. The novel method for constructing the soilless culture autoimmune ecosystem is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, forming planting ridges by utilizing compost of feed raw materials, keeping the water content of the planting ridges to be 65-75%, putting earthworms into the planting ridges, and feeding until earthworm cast cultivation substrates are formed;
s2, composting the breeding raw materials at the edge of the planting ridge to form a breeding ridge, and keeping the water content of the breeding ridge between 65 and 75 percent;
s3, stopping supplying water to the planting ridges, and planting vegetables on the planting ridges when the earthworms in the planting ridges migrate to the cultivation ridges;
s4, harvesting vegetables to obtain tailed vegetables, placing the tailed vegetables and feed raw materials on planting ridges, keeping the moisture of the planting ridges at 65-75%, simultaneously stopping supplying moisture to the breeding ridges, and planting the vegetables on the breeding ridges when earthworms in the breeding ridges migrate to the planting ridges;
s5, harvesting vegetables to obtain tailed vegetables, placing the tailed vegetables and feed raw materials on cultivation ridges, keeping the water content of the cultivation ridges at 65-75%, stopping supplying water to the cultivation ridges, and planting vegetables on the cultivation ridges in a fixed manner when earthworms in the cultivation ridges migrate into the cultivation ridges;
s6, repeating the steps S4-S5;
wherein a pull plate is arranged between the cultivation ridge and the planting ridge;
after vegetables are harvested each time, earthworms with endless belts on ridges beside the vegetables are recovered;
the drawing plate is inserted into an installation groove, and a notch of the installation groove is upward; the mounting groove is provided with a penetrating opening towards the side walls of the planting ridges and the cultivation ridges, and a pair of penetrating openings are communicated with the planting ridges and the cultivation ridges; the length of each penetrating opening is greater than the length of the corresponding cultivation ridge or the corresponding planting ridge, and the width of each penetrating opening is greater than the height of the corresponding cultivation ridge or the corresponding planting ridge; each penetrating opening is provided with a rail, and two ends of each rail are fixedly connected with two ends of the penetrating opening along the length direction; each rail is provided with a plurality of horizontal supporting rods which are uniformly spaced, one end of each supporting rod, which is far away from the rail, is fixedly connected with a luminous light source, and the luminous light source is embedded into a planting ridge or a breeding ridge which the rail faces; the plurality of light-emitting sources on the same side are controlled by the same external remote controller;
rotate on the mounting groove and be equipped with earthworm recovery unit, earthworm recovery unit includes:
the anti-escape device comprises a pair of anti-escape plates and a collecting groove arranged between the pair of anti-escape plates; the pair of anti-escape plates are respectively arranged at two ends of the planting ridges or the breeding ridges, the pair of anti-escape plates correspond to two end surfaces of the mounting groove, the center of the end surface of each anti-escape plate is rotatably connected with the center of the end surface of the corresponding mounting groove, and each anti-escape plate is tightly attached to and covers the side surface of the corresponding planting ridge or breeding ridge; the collecting groove is positioned on one side, away from the mounting groove, of the planting ridge or the breeding ridge, the collecting groove is arranged along the length direction of the planting ridge or the breeding ridge, the centers of two end faces of the collecting groove are respectively and rotatably connected with the centers of end faces, away from the mounting groove, of a pair of anti-escape plates, the notch of the collecting groove faces the mounting groove, a pair of sliders with the same height are arranged at the positions, close to the edges of the notches, of two inner side walls of the collecting groove along the length direction, the pair of sliders move along the vertical direction, and a shielding plate is hinged between the pair of sliders; wherein, the inner wall of the collecting tank is paved with sponge, and the sponge is sprayed with phagostimulant;
when earthworms need to be recovered, the pair of sliding blocks slide to the highest point, and one end, far away from the collecting groove, of the covering plate is arranged on the top surface of the planting ridge or the breeding ridge.
2. The method for constructing the novel soilless culture autoimmune ecosystem, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the width of the planting ridge and the cultivation ridge are both 70cm and the height thereof is both 25cm, and the earthworms are put in the following quantities: 1kg of earthworms are put in each square meter.
3. The method for constructing the autoimmune ecosystem in soilless culture according to claim 1, wherein the earthworm species is Daping No. 2.
4. The method for constructing a novel soilless culture autoimmune ecosystem as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feeding raw materials include cow dung, straw; the straws are corn straws which are 5-8cm straw sections.
5. The method for constructing autoimmune ecosystem for soilless culture according to claim 1, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine growth promoter is uniformly sprayed on the ridges every two days during raising earthworms, and the spraying amount of the Chinese herbal medicine growth promoter is 0.5-1.0L/m 2 ；
The preparation of the traditional Chinese medicine growth promoter is as follows: according to the mass ratio of 2: 1: 3, sequentially taking cistanche powder, eucommia bark powder and hawthorn powder, uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder, dissolving the mixed powder in an ethanol solution, homogenizing under 30-40MPa for 30-40min, then soaking at normal temperature for 5-7d to obtain a mixed solution, and diluting the mixed solution by 50 times with deionized water to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine growth promoter; wherein the volume fraction of the ethanol solution is 5%, and the mass ratio of the mixed powder to the ethanol solution is 1: 100.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110898256.9A CN113973705B (en) | 2021-08-05 | 2021-08-05 | Novel soilless culture autoimmune ecosystem construction method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110898256.9A CN113973705B (en) | 2021-08-05 | 2021-08-05 | Novel soilless culture autoimmune ecosystem construction method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113973705A CN113973705A (en) | 2022-01-28 |
| CN113973705B true CN113973705B (en) | 2022-09-09 |
Family
ID=79735091
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110898256.9A Active CN113973705B (en) | 2021-08-05 | 2021-08-05 | Novel soilless culture autoimmune ecosystem construction method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113973705B (en) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105801187A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2016-07-27 | 华中农业大学 | Integrated cow dung treatment and utilization method based on earthworm composting and vegetable cultivation |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101536638B (en) * | 2008-03-17 | 2011-03-16 | 王文东 | Method for alternating planting and cultivation |
| KR101011594B1 (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2011-01-27 | 김형식 | The casting production method using the r.d.f. and the earthworm breeding apparatus |
| CN110235867B (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2021-11-23 | 宁夏大学 | Stereoscopic ecological earthworm planting and breeding method |
| CN110810345A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-02-21 | 宁夏回族自治区园艺技术推广站 | Interplanting and intercropping method for vegetables and earthworms with large line spacing in east-west direction of sunlight greenhouse |
| CN111296367B (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2021-12-14 | 上海市农业科学院 | Industrial earthworm cultivation method in facility greenhouse |
| CN111869626A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-11-03 | 宁夏大学 | Vegetable earthworm cultivation ecological system for overcoming soil salinization and continuous sitting obstacle |
| CN112262819B (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2022-05-20 | 宁夏大学 | Earthworm horticulture crop stereoscopic planting and breeding structure |
-
2021
- 2021-08-05 CN CN202110898256.9A patent/CN113973705B/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105801187A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2016-07-27 | 华中农业大学 | Integrated cow dung treatment and utilization method based on earthworm composting and vegetable cultivation |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113973705A (en) | 2022-01-28 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110235867B (en) | Stereoscopic ecological earthworm planting and breeding method | |
| CN110679416B (en) | Eel, toad and rice symbiotic breeding method | |
| CN101300968A (en) | Self-picking method for cultivating silkworm without removing sand | |
| CN110973026A (en) | Method for breeding crayfish seedlings in advance | |
| CN110235826A (en) | A kind of thick breeding method of red claw crayfish seed brooder mark | |
| CN113647349A (en) | Rice and shrimp comprehensive planting and breeding method based on non-furrow rice field transformation | |
| CN111758515B (en) | High-emergence-rate intelligent factory rice seedling raising method and system | |
| CN107455345B (en) | Device for breeding silkworm on large scale | |
| KR100443585B1 (en) | Apparatus for separating musca domestica larvae and system for processing food-waste using the same | |
| CN112262819B (en) | Earthworm horticulture crop stereoscopic planting and breeding structure | |
| CN113973705B (en) | Novel soilless culture autoimmune ecosystem construction method | |
| CN107211965B (en) | Efficient earthworm breeding method | |
| CN108902468A (en) | Maggot protein bioorganic feed and preparation method thereof | |
| CN115380875A (en) | Automatic system for feeding and processing larvae | |
| CN110337925B (en) | Three-dimensional ecological symbiotic culture method for Sequoia tsugae, cress and snakehead | |
| CN113261534B (en) | Earthworm breeding method | |
| CN107242065B (en) | Ecological planting and breeding method for rice and leeches | |
| KR101711058B1 (en) | Barley sprout culturing apparatus and barley sprout culturing method | |
| CN213427254U (en) | High seedling rate wisdom mill rice seedling system | |
| CN109463327A (en) | A kind of shrimp seed rearing method | |
| CN214961895U (en) | Chicken is bred and uses chicken coop with adjustable | |
| CN108633800A (en) | Fresh water pearl transition and upgrade, upgrading, synergy cultural method | |
| CN110115247B (en) | Self-supporting poultry breeding method | |
| CN103947612B (en) | A kind of fly worm cultural method and equipment of automation | |
| DE3133479C2 (en) |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |