CN113969600A - Single-shaft supporting and guiding breaking hammer - Google Patents
Single-shaft supporting and guiding breaking hammer Download PDFInfo
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- CN113969600A CN113969600A CN202110473496.4A CN202110473496A CN113969600A CN 113969600 A CN113969600 A CN 113969600A CN 202110473496 A CN202110473496 A CN 202110473496A CN 113969600 A CN113969600 A CN 113969600A
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- drill rod
- hammer
- energy storage
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 97
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 46
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-FTXFMUIASA-N iron-51 Chemical compound [51Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-FTXFMUIASA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010024796 Logorrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000245 forearm Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
- E02F5/30—Auxiliary apparatus, e.g. for thawing, cracking, blowing-up, or other preparatory treatment of the soil
- E02F5/305—Arrangements for breaking-up hard ground
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/96—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements for alternate or simultaneous use of different digging elements
- E02F3/966—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements for alternate or simultaneous use of different digging elements of hammer-type tools
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a single-shaft supporting and guiding breaking hammer, which comprises a mounting base, a drill rod, a first driving unit mounted on the mounting base, a hammer head arm driven by the first driving unit to rotate, and a hammer head mounted on the hammer head arm, wherein the hammer head is in striking fit with the drill rod, and the single-shaft supporting and guiding breaking hammer is characterized in that: the drill rod can be installed in the large arm in a vertically movable mode, the small arm is provided with an installation hole, and the second driving unit drives the large arm to rotate relative to the small arm around the first pin shaft. The three arms, namely the large arm, the small arm and the hammer head arm, are connected together, and the three-arm coaxial structural design is adopted, so that the lengths of the large arm and the hammer head arm can be longer, and the movement strokes of the hammer head arm and the hammer head can be increased; the longer the movement strokes of the hammer head arm and the hammer head are, the greater the striking force of the hammer head striking the drill rod is, so that the long striking stroke and the large striking force are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to a single-shaft supporting and guiding breaking hammer.
Background
A breaking hammer is an important work tool of a hydraulic excavator for performing a breaking work. At present, the striking principle of the piston-driven breaking hammer is as follows: the upper part of the rectangular hydraulic oil cylinder body is provided with a cylindrical piston hammer iron, and the hammer iron strikes a cylindrical drill rod at the lower part of the rectangular hydraulic oil cylinder body in the reciprocating motion process, and then the drill rod breaks rocks. However, the hammer has a short striking stroke and a small striking force.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a single-axis support-guide breaking hammer having a large striking power.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a single-shaft supporting and guiding breaking hammer which comprises a mounting base, a drill rod, a first driving unit, a hammer head arm and a hammer head, wherein the first driving unit is mounted on the mounting base, the hammer head arm is driven by the first driving unit to rotate, the hammer head is mounted on the hammer head arm, the hammer head is in striking fit with the drill rod, the mounting base comprises a large arm, a small arm and a second driving unit, the second driving unit is connected between the large arm and the small arm, the large arm, the small arm and the hammer head arm are coaxially hinged through a first pin shaft, the drill rod can be mounted in the large arm in a vertically movable mode, a mounting hole is formed in the small arm, and the second driving unit drives the large arm to rotate relative to the small arm around the first pin shaft.
Furthermore, at the first pin shaft, the end part of the large arm is provided with a groove for accommodating the end part of the small arm; the hammer head arms are two and are distributed on the outer side of the large arm along the axial direction of the first pin shaft.
Further, the first driving unit comprises a driving oil cylinder, and a cylinder body and a piston rod of the driving oil cylinder are hinged with the large arm and the hammer head arm respectively.
Further, the second driving unit comprises a supporting oil cylinder, and a cylinder body and a piston rod of the supporting oil cylinder are hinged with the small arm and the large arm respectively.
Furthermore, the single-shaft supporting and guiding breaking hammer further comprises an energy storage unit arranged on the mounting base, and the energy storage unit is connected with the hammer head arm;
when the first driving unit drives the hammer head arm to rotate and enables the hammer head to move in the direction far away from the drill rod, the energy storage unit is in an energy storage state;
when the first driving unit drives the hammer head arm to rotate and enables the hammer head to move towards the direction close to the drill rod, the energy storage unit acts on the hammer head arm and enables the hammer head to move towards the direction close to the drill rod.
Furthermore, the energy storage unit comprises an energy storage cylinder, a cylinder body and a piston rod of the energy storage cylinder are respectively hinged with the large arm and the hammer head arm, and the energy storage cylinder is provided with a nitrogen chamber positioned on one side of the piston rod of the energy storage cylinder and an inflation valve communicated with the nitrogen chamber;
when the first driving unit drives the hammer to move in the direction away from the drill rod, the volume of the nitrogen chamber is reduced;
when the first driving unit drives the hammer head to move towards the direction close to the drill rod, the volume of the nitrogen chamber is increased.
Furthermore, the energy storage unit comprises a connecting rope, a fixed seat fixed on the large arm and an energy storage spring with one end fixed on the fixed seat, and two ends of the connecting rope are respectively and fixedly connected with the hammer arm and the other end of the energy storage spring;
when the first driving unit drives the hammer to move in a direction away from the drill rod, the energy storage spring is compressed;
when the first driving unit drives the hammer head to move towards the direction close to the drill rod, the energy storage spring is in an elastic opening state.
Furthermore, the energy storage unit also comprises a guide wheel which is rotatably arranged on the large arm, the connecting rope bypasses the guide wheel, and the section of the connecting rope extending from the guide wheel to the energy storage spring extends straightly along the telescopic direction of the energy storage spring.
Furthermore, the single-shaft support guide breaking hammer further comprises a sliding outer sleeve fixed on the large arm, a damping component fixed on the sliding outer sleeve, and a limiter, wherein the drill rod comprises a rod main body part which can be vertically and movably arranged in the sliding outer sleeve and the damping component in a penetrating mode, and a rod striking part which is integrally arranged at the end part of the rod main body part and is in striking fit with the hammer head, the rod striking part is positioned outside the sliding outer sleeve and the damping component and can be in butt fit with the damping component, and the limiter is fixed on the rod main body part extending out of one side of the sliding outer sleeve, back to the damping component, and can be in butt fit with the sliding outer sleeve.
Furthermore, the single-shaft supporting and guiding breaking hammer further comprises a drill rod outer sleeve fixed on the large arm and a stroke limiting pin fixed in the drill rod outer sleeve, the drill rod can be vertically and vertically arranged in the drill rod outer sleeve through an upper sliding sleeve and a lower sliding sleeve, a limiting groove for accommodating the stroke limiting pin is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the drill rod, an upper groove wall of the limiting groove forms a downward movement limiting part which can be in butt fit with the stroke limiting pin, and a lower groove wall of the limiting groove forms an upward movement limiting part which can be in butt fit with the stroke limiting pin.
As described above, the single-shaft support and guide breaking hammer according to the present invention has the following advantages:
articulated big arm, forearm and tup arm through single first round pin axle, several functions have been realized to single first round pin axle:
1. the three arms of the large arm, the small arm and the hammer head arm are connected together to support the weight of the three arms of the large arm, the small arm and the hammer head arm, and the friction surface of the single-shaft rotation is small, so that the generated friction force is small, and the kinetic energy is saved;
2. the hammer head arm is guided to impact towards the fixed position, and the hammer head at the end part of the hammer head arm is ensured to impact towards the fixed position, so that the hammer head and the drill rod are ensured to be always in a relatively fixed position to strike and contact;
3. the length of the big arm and the length of the hammer head arm can be longer by adopting a three-arm coaxial structural design, and the length of the hammer head arm directly determines the movement stroke of the hammer head arm and the hammer head and the separation distance between the hammer head and a drill rod, so that the movement stroke of the hammer head arm and the hammer head can be increased; the longer the motion strokes of the hammer head arm and the hammer head are, the greater the striking force of the hammer head striking the drill rod is, so that the long striking stroke and the large striking force are realized;
4. the angle-variable operation of the small arm relative to the large arm can be realized through the second driving unit, so that the operation flexibility is improved;
5. when the hammer arm does not work, the angle of the hammer arm can be kept perpendicular to the ground, at the moment, the small arm can carry out normal excavating operation through the large arm with the drill rod, the hammer arm is close to the small arm at the moment and also close to the excavator, the gravity center of the hammer arm is also close to the excavator and far away from the large arm, and therefore the large arm with the drill rod can excavate more easily.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a single-shaft support guide breaking hammer in the application.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 1 at a first pin.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a single-shaft support guide breaking hammer in the application.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 3 at a first pin.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of circle a of fig. 3.
Description of the element reference numerals
10 mounting base
101 big arm
102 small arm
103 support oil cylinder
104 mounting hole
105 groove
20 drill rod
21 rod body part
22-bar striking part
23 spacing groove
24 downward movement limiting part
25 upward movement limiting part
30 first drive unit
31 driving oil cylinder
32 driving high-pressure oil chamber
40 hammer arm
50 hammer head
51 striking iron
60 energy storage unit
61 energy storage cylinder
611 nitrogen chamber
62 connecting rope
63 energy storage spring
64 guide wheel
65 fixed seat
70 sliding coat
80 shock absorbing member
81 spring shock absorber
82 rubber shock absorber
90 position limiter
110 drill rod jacket
120 travel limit pin
130 upper sliding sleeve
140 lower sliding sleeve
161 first pin
162 second pin
163 third Pin
164 fourth Pin shaft
165 fifth Pin
166 sixth Pin
167 the seventh hinge pin
168 eighth pin
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
It should be understood that the structures, proportions, and dimensions shown in the drawings and described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims, but rather by the claims. In addition, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for convenience of description only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or modifications of the relative relationship thereof may be made without substantial technical changes and modifications.
The application provides a unipolar supports direction quartering hammer, and this unipolar supports direction quartering hammer and installs on the front end of excavator for carry out the broken operation of treating the garrulous object of beating. The following examples take the object to be crushed as rock as an example.
As shown in fig. 1 or 3, the single-shaft support guide breaking hammer according to the present invention includes a mounting base 10, a drill rod 20 extending up and down, a first driving unit 30 mounted to the mounting base 10, a hammer head arm 40 driven to rotate by the first driving unit 30, and a hammer head 50 mounted to an outer end (i.e., a front end) of the hammer head arm 40, wherein the hammer head 50 is in striking engagement with an upper end of the drill rod 20, and a lower end of the drill rod 20 is provided with a pointed end. Specifically, the mount base 10 includes a large arm 101, a small arm 102 provided near an outer end side of the excavator, and a second drive unit connected between the large arm 101 and the small arm 102; the inner end (namely the rear end) of the large arm 101, the lower end of the small arm 102 and the inner end (namely the rear end) of the hammer arm 40 are coaxially hinged through a first pin shaft 161, and the first pin shaft 161 axially extends along the thickness direction of the large arm 101 and the small arm 102; the drill rod 20 is arranged at the outer end of the large arm 101 in a way of moving up and down along the length direction of the drill rod; two mounting holes 104 are formed in the inner edge side of the small arm 102, the two mounting holes 104 are shaft holes, and the small arm 102 is mounted at the outer end (namely the front end) of the excavator through the mounting holes 104, so that the single shaft support guide breaking hammer is integrally mounted at the front end of the excavator; the second driving unit drives the big arm 101 to rotate up and down relative to the small arm 102 around the first pin 161, so that the big arm 101 drives the drill rod 20 to move up and down relative to the small arm 102 and the excavator.
When the single-shaft support guide breaking hammer works, firstly, the second driving unit drives the large arm 101 to rotate downwards around the first pin shaft 161, and then the large arm 101 drives the drill rod 20 to move downwards together, so that the drill rod 20 is pressed on the rock to be hit; as the second drive unit continues to drive the boom 101 downward, the drill rod 20 moves upward. Then, when the first driving unit 30 is operated to drive the hammer head arm 40 to rotate upward around the first pin 161 in a direction away from the drill rod 20, the hammer head arm 40 drives the hammer head 50 to move in a direction away from the drill rod 20, and the hammer head arm 40 can be vertically held at an angle perpendicular to the ground, and at this time, the hammer head arm 40 and its center of gravity are close to the small arm 102 and far from the large arm 101. Finally, the first driving unit 30 is operated in reverse direction to drive the hammer head arm 40 to rotate downward around the first pin 161 in a direction approaching the drill rod 20, so that the hammer head arm 40 drives the hammer head 50 to move in a direction approaching the drill rod 20, the hammer head 50 strikes the drill rod 20 downward, and the drill rod 20 strikes the rock until the hammer head 50 stops moving downward. The above actions are repeated continuously to realize the crushing of the hit rock.
The structure that the large arm 101, the small arm 102 and the hammer head arm 40 are connected together is adopted, firstly, the weight of the large arm 101, the small arm 102 and the hammer head arm 40 can be supported by a single shaft, the friction surface of the single shaft rotation is small, the generated friction force is small, and the kinetic energy is saved; secondly, the hammer head arm 40 is guided to impact towards the fixed position, so that the hammer head 50 at the end part of the hammer head arm 40 is ensured to impact towards the fixed position, and the hammer head 50 and the drill rod 20 are ensured to be always in striking contact at a relatively fixed position; thirdly, the length of the large arm 101 and the length of the hammer head arm 40 can be made longer by adopting a three-arm coaxial structural design, and the length of the hammer head arm 40 directly determines the movement stroke of the hammer head arm 40 and the hammer head 50 and the separation distance between the hammer head 50 and the drill rod 20, so that the movement stroke of the hammer head arm 40 and the hammer head 50 can be increased; the longer the movement strokes of the hammer head arm 40 and the hammer head 50 are, the greater the striking force of the hammer head 50 striking the drill rod 20 is, so that the long striking stroke and the large striking force are realized; fourthly, the angle-variable operation of the small arm 102 relative to the large arm 101 can be realized through the second driving unit, which is beneficial to the rapid operation and improves the operation flexibility; fifthly, when the hammer head arm 40 is not in operation, the angle perpendicular to the ground can be maintained, at this time, the small arm 102 can perform normal excavation operation through the large arm 101 with the drill rod 20, and the hammer head arm 40 is close to the small arm 102 and is also close to the excavator at this time, namely, the gravity center of the hammer head arm 40 is closer to the excavator and is far away from the large arm 101, so that the large arm 101 with the drill rod 20 can excavate more easily.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 or fig. 3, the hammer head arm 40 and the hammer head 50 are fixedly connected, for example, the hammer head arm 40 and the hammer head 50 may be provided as an integral structure; the lower end of the hammer 50 is provided with a striking iron 51 contacting and matching with the drill rod 20, and the striking iron 51 is preferably trapezoidal.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 or 3, the first driving unit 30 includes a driving cylinder 31, a cylinder body of the driving cylinder 31 is hinged to the large arm 101 by a fifth pin 165, and a piston rod of the driving cylinder 31 is hinged to the hammer arm 40 by a sixth pin 166. The drive cylinder 31 is provided with a drive high-pressure oil chamber 32 on the lower side of its piston rod, and the drive high-pressure oil chamber 32 of the drive cylinder 31 is communicated with the hydraulic system through a pipe. Preferably, the hydraulic system is a hydraulic system of an excavator, so that the high-pressure oil in the driving high-pressure oil chamber 32 of the driving oil cylinder 31 flows from the hydraulic system of the excavator and also flows back to the hydraulic system of the excavator, and the hydraulic oil cylinder is connected and installed on a valve block of the excavator. When the crushing operation is performed, high-pressure oil from a hydraulic system of the excavator enters the driving high-pressure oil chamber 32 of the driving oil cylinder 31 through a pipeline, a piston rod of the driving oil cylinder 31 is pushed to extend upwards, and the hammer head arm 40 and the hammer head 50 are driven to rotate upwards in a direction away from the drill rod 20. After a piston rod of the driving oil cylinder 31 extends upwards for a set stroke, a valve group of the excavator opens an oil discharge valve, high-pressure oil in a driving high-pressure oil chamber 32 of the driving oil cylinder 31 flows back to an excavator hydraulic system through a pipeline, the pressure in the driving high-pressure oil chamber 32 is reduced, the piston rod retracts downwards, the hammer head arm 40 and the hammer head 50 are driven to rotate downwards in the direction close to the drill rod 20, and the hammer head 50 strikes the drill rod 20 downwards, so that the drill rod 20 is struck to rocks, and the crushing operation is performed.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 or fig. 3, the second driving unit includes a support cylinder 103, a cylinder body of the support cylinder 103 is hinged to the lower arm 102 through a seventh pin 167, a piston rod of the support cylinder 103 is hinged to a triangle at the upper end of the upper arm 101 through an eighth pin 168, and the support cylinder 103 is connected to and installed on a valve set of the excavator. Preferably, as shown in fig. 2 or 4, at the first pin 161, the inner end of the large arm 101 is provided with a groove 105 for accommodating the lower end of the small arm 102, and the lower end of the small arm 102 is located in the groove 105 at the inner end of the large arm 101. In addition, the hammer head arms 40 are respectively distributed on two outer sides of the large arm 101 along the thickness direction of the large arm 101 (namely, the axial direction of the first pin 161), the two hammer head arms 40 are arranged on the outer sides of the large arm 101 and the small arm 102 in a spanning manner along the axial direction of the first pin 161, and the area between the two hammer head arms 40 can accommodate the small arm 102, so that in the process that the hammer head arms 40 drive the hammer head 50 to strike the drill rod 20, the hammer head arms 40 are not limited by the angle positions where the large arm 101 and the small arm 102 are located when working, and the hammer head arms 40 can strike the drill rod 20 at the hammer head 50 below any position; meanwhile, the hammer head arm 40 drives the hammer head 50 to rotate and work outside the large arm 101 and the small arm 102, which is beneficial to increasing the rotation angle and the movement distance, and is also beneficial to increasing the striking force.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 or 3, the single-shaft support guide breaking hammer further includes an energy storage unit 60 mounted to the mounting base 10, the energy storage unit 60 being connected to the hammer head arm 40 to interact therewith. In the process that the first driving unit 30 drives the hammer head arm 40 to rotate upwards around the first pin 161 and move the hammer head 50 away from the drill rod 20, the hammer head arm 40 acts on the energy storage unit 60, and the energy storage unit 60 is in an energy storage state. In the process that the first driving unit 30 drives the hammer head arm 40 to rotate downwards around the first pin 161 and the hammer head 50 moves towards the direction close to the drill rod 20, the energy storage unit 60 acts on the hammer head arm 40 at the same time and pulls the hammer head arm 40 to rotate downwards around the first pin 161 towards the direction close to the drill rod 20, namely the energy storage unit 60 and the first driving unit 30 act together to drive the hammer head 50 to move towards the direction close to the drill rod 20, so that the striking force of the hammer head 50 to strike the drill rod 20 is further increased, namely the striking force of the drill rod 20 to break rock is increased, and finally the production efficiency is improved.
Further, there are various structures of the energy storage unit 60, and various connection structures between the drill rod 20 and the large arm 101; the single-shaft support-guided breaking hammer has several embodiments based on the different structures of the energy storage unit 60 and the connection structure of the drill rod 20 and the large arm 101. Two preferred embodiments of the single-shaft support guided breaking hammer are provided below for the preferred embodiments of the energy storage unit 60 and the connection of the drill rod 20 to the large arm 101.
Single axle support guiding breaking hammer embodiment one
As shown in fig. 1, the energy storage unit 60 includes a connection rope 62 and an energy storage spring 63 fixed in installation position, and both ends of the connection rope 62 are fixedly connected to the hammer arm 40 and the energy storage spring 63, respectively. When the first driving unit 30 drives the hammer 50 to move away from the drill rod 20, the hammer arm 40 pulls the connecting rope 62 and acts on the energy storage spring 63 through the connecting rope 62, so that the energy storage spring 63 is compressed, and the energy storage spring 63 is in an energy storage state and generates tension in the opposite direction, so that the energy storage unit 60 is in an energy storage state. When the first driving unit 30 drives the hammer 50 to move in a direction close to the drill rod 20, the compressed energy storage spring 63 is in an elastic opening state, and the energy storage spring 63 pulls the hammer arm 40 to rotate downwards in a direction close to the drill rod 20 through the connecting rope 62, so that the striking force of the hammer arm 40 is effectively increased.
Preferably, the energy storage spring 63 is installed in the following manner: as shown in fig. 1, the energy storage unit 60 further includes a fixing base 65 fixed to the large arm 101 by a screw, a receiving groove extending straight along the expansion direction of the energy storage spring 63 and guiding and matching with the energy storage spring 63 is formed in the fixing base 65, the energy storage spring 63 is received in the receiving groove of the fixing base 65, and one end of the energy storage spring 63 is fixed to the fixing base 65, so that one end of the energy storage spring 63 is fixed, and the other end of the energy storage spring 63 is fixed to the connecting rope 62. The energy storage spring 63 and the fixing seat 65 form a spring energy storage device.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the energy storage unit 60 further includes a guide wheel 64, and the guide wheel 64 is rotatably mounted on the large arm 101 through a second pin 162; the connecting rope 62 passes around the guide wheel 64; the connecting rope 62 is led out from the guide pulley 64, passes through one end of the energy storage spring 63 fixed with the fixed seat 65 and then is fixed with the other end of the energy storage spring 63, or the fixed connecting end of the connecting rope 62 and the hammer arm 40, the fixed connecting end of the guide pulley 64, the large arm 101 and the energy storage spring 63, and the fixed connecting ends of the connecting rope 62 and the energy storage spring 63 are sequentially arranged along the extending direction of the connecting rope 62; and, the length of the connection cord 62 extended from the guide pulley 64 to the charge spring 63 extends straight in the expansion and contraction direction of the charge spring 63. In this way, it is possible to stably realize that the hammer arm 40 compresses the charging spring 63 via the connecting cord 62 when the hammer arm 40 rotates upward, and that the charging spring 63 pulls the hammer arm 40 to rotate downward via the connecting cord 62 when the hammer arm 40 rotates downward.
Preferably, the connecting rope 62 is a steel wire rope, which has good strength and is durable. The fixing manner of the connecting rope 62 and the hammer arm 40 is as follows: a fixed shaft is fixed to the hammer arm 40, and the connecting rope 62 is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft. The fixing mode of the connecting rope 62 and the energy storage spring 63 is as follows: the end of the energy storage spring 63 is provided with a fixing nut and a connecting bolt connected with the fixing nut, and the tail end of the connecting bolt is fixedly connected with the steel wire rope.
As shown in fig. 1, the first embodiment of the single-shaft support guide breaking hammer further includes a sliding outer sleeve 70 fixed to the outer end of the boom 101, a shock absorbing member 80 fixed to the upper end of the sliding outer sleeve 70, and a stopper 90, the shock absorbing member 80 is a spring shock absorber 81, the sliding outer sleeve 70 forms a part of the mounting base 10, and the drill rod 20 is vertically movably inserted into the sliding outer sleeve 70, so that the drill rod 20 is vertically movably supported in the outer end of the boom 101 by the sliding outer sleeve 70. The drill rod 20 includes a rod main body 21 vertically movably inserted through the sliding sleeve 70 and the spring damper 81, and a rod striking part 22 integrally provided at an upper end of the rod main body 21 and adapted to strike the hammer head 50, wherein the rod striking part 22 is formed in a projection structure and radially protrudes from the rod main body 21, the rod striking part 22 is located outside the sliding sleeve 70 and the spring damper 81, i.e., above the spring damper 81, and the spring damper 81 is located between the sliding sleeve 70 and the rod striking part 22 of the drill rod 20. The stopper 90 is fixed to the shank body 21 of the drill rod 20, and the stopper 90 is located on the lower side of the slide cover 70 facing away from the spring damper 81 and is capable of abutting and engaging with the slide cover 70. The stopper 90 is engaged with the sliding sleeve 70 to limit the upward movement stroke of the drill rod 20, and the rod striking portion 22 of the drill rod 20 and the spring damper 81 limit the downward movement stroke of the drill rod 20.
Thus, the working process of the first embodiment of the single-shaft supporting and guiding breaking hammer comprises the following steps:
a1, a piston rod of a supporting oil cylinder 103 extends downwards to drive the big arm 101 to rotate downwards around the first pin 161, and the big arm 101 drives the drill rod 20 to move downwards together to press the drill rod 20 on the top of the hit rock; the piston rod of the support cylinder 103 continues to extend downwardly and the drill rod 20 moves upwardly until the stop 90 engages the sliding sleeve 70.
A2, high-pressure oil from the excavator hydraulic system enters the driving high-pressure oil chamber 32 of the driving oil cylinder 31 through a pipeline, the piston rod of the driving oil cylinder 31 is pushed to extend upwards, the hammer head arm 40 and the hammer head 50 are driven to rotate upwards in the direction away from the drill rod 20, meanwhile, the energy storage spring 63 is compressed through the connecting rope 62, the compressed energy storage spring 63 generates tension in the opposite direction, and the piston rod of the driving oil cylinder 31 stops moving upwards after extending upwards to the set stroke.
A3, when an oil discharge valve is opened by a valve group of the excavator, high-pressure oil in a driving high-pressure oil chamber 32 of a driving oil cylinder 31 flows back to an excavator hydraulic system through a pipeline, the pressure in the driving high-pressure oil chamber 32 is reduced, so that a piston rod retracts downwards, meanwhile, an energy storage spring 63 in an elastic opening state pulls a hammer head arm 40 downwards in turn through a connecting rope 62, and thus, under the combined action of the driving oil cylinder 31 and the energy storage spring 63, a hammer head 50 forcefully and downwards strikes a rod striking part 22 at the upper end of a drill rod 20, and the drill rod 20 stops moving after downwards striking rocks. When the hammer head 50 does not stop moving downward after striking the shank main body portion 21 of the drill rod 20 downward, the shank striking portion 22 impacts the spring damper 81, and the spring damper 81 is compressed to absorb a part of the impact force, thereby reducing the impact on the sliding sheath 70 and the boom 101.
A4, and the steps A1 to A3 are repeated continuously to crush the rock.
Single axle support guided demolition hammer embodiment two
The energy storage unit 60 comprises an energy storage cylinder 61, the cylinder body of the energy storage cylinder 61 is hinged with the large arm 101 through a third pin shaft 163, the piston rod of the energy storage cylinder 61 is hinged with the hammer head arm 40 through a fourth pin shaft 164, the energy storage cylinder 61 is provided with a nitrogen chamber 611 located on the upper side of the piston rod and an inflation valve communicated with the nitrogen chamber 611, the nitrogen chamber 611 is filled with high-pressure nitrogen, the nitrogen chamber 611 can be filled with the high-pressure nitrogen through the inflation valve, one part of the piston rod of the energy storage cylinder 61 located in the cylinder body is located in the nitrogen chamber 611, and therefore the size of the nitrogen chamber 611 can be changed when the piston rod of the energy storage cylinder 61 stretches. More specifically, when the first driving unit 30 drives the hammer head arm 40 to rotate upward to move the hammer head 50 away from the drill rod 20, the hammer head arm 40 drives the piston rod of the energy storage cylinder 61 to extend upward, so that the volume of the nitrogen gas chamber 611 is reduced, the nitrogen gas in the nitrogen gas chamber 611 is compressed, and the energy storage unit 60 is in an energy storage state. When the first driving unit 30 drives the hammer head arm 40 to rotate downwards to move the hammer head 50 towards the direction close to the drill rod 20, the volume of the nitrogen chamber 611 increases, the nitrogen in the nitrogen chamber 611 begins to expand, the piston rod of the energy storage cylinder 61 is pushed to rapidly move downwards and retract, and the piston rod of the energy storage cylinder 61 accelerates to move the hammer head 50 towards the direction close to the drill rod 20 by pulling the hammer head arm 40 downwards. Therefore, when the hammer head 50 of the first driving unit 30 strikes the drill rod 20 downwards through the hammer head arm 40, the energy storage cylinder 61 simultaneously pulls the hammer head arm 40 and acts with the first driving unit 30, so that the striking force is greatly increased, and the crushing operation efficiency is improved.
The second embodiment of the single-shaft supporting and guiding breaking hammer further comprises a drill rod outer sleeve 110 fixed at the outer end of the large arm 101, a damping part 80 fixed at the upper end of the drill rod outer sleeve 110, and a stroke limiting pin 120 fixed in the drill rod outer sleeve 110; the damping component 80 is a rubber damper 82, and the hammer 50 can be abutted and matched with the rubber damper 82; the drill rod outer sleeve 110 forms a part of the installation base 10, the drill rod 20 can be vertically and vertically arranged in the drill rod outer sleeve 110 in a penetrating way through the upper sliding sleeve 130 and the lower sliding sleeve 140, and the upper sliding sleeve 130 and the lower sliding sleeve 140 are respectively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the drill rod outer sleeve 110; in this way, the drill rod 20 is supported in the outer end of the boom 101 so as to be movable up and down by the drill rod outer sleeve 110, the upper slide sleeve 130 and the lower slide sleeve 140. The outer peripheral surface of the drill rod 20 is provided with a limit groove 23 for accommodating the stroke limit pin 120, the upper groove wall of the limit groove 23 forms a downward movement limit part 24 which can be in butt fit with the stroke limit pin 120 and is used for limiting the downward movement stroke of the drill rod 20, and the lower groove wall of the limit groove 23 forms an upward movement limit part 25 which can be in butt fit with the stroke limit pin 120 and is used for limiting the upward movement stroke of the drill rod 20.
Thus, the working process of the second embodiment of the single-shaft supporting and guiding breaking hammer comprises the following steps:
b1, a piston rod of the supporting oil cylinder 103 extends downwards to drive the big arm 101 to rotate downwards around the first pin 161, and the big arm 101 drives the drill rod 20 to move downwards together to press the drill rod 20 on the top of the hit rock; the piston rod of the support cylinder 103 continues to extend downwards, and the drill rod 20 moves upwards until the lower groove wall of the limit groove 23 is in abutting fit with the stroke limit pin 120.
B2, high-pressure oil from the excavator hydraulic system enters the driving high-pressure oil chamber 32 of the driving oil cylinder 31 through a pipeline, the piston rod of the driving oil cylinder 31 is pushed to extend upwards, the hammer head arm 40 and the hammer head 50 are driven to rotate upwards in the direction away from the drill rod 20, meanwhile, nitrogen in the nitrogen chamber 611 of the energy storage cylinder 61 is compressed, and the piston rod of the driving oil cylinder 31 extends upwards to a set stroke and then stops moving upwards.
B3, opening an oil discharge valve by a valve group of the excavator, returning high-pressure oil in a driving high-pressure oil chamber 32 of the driving oil cylinder 31 to an excavator hydraulic system through a pipeline, reducing the pressure in the driving high-pressure oil chamber 32, enabling a piston rod to retract downwards, and simultaneously, expanding nitrogen in a nitrogen chamber 611 of the energy storage cylinder 61, so that under the combined action of the driving oil cylinder 31 and the energy storage cylinder 61, the hammer head 50 forcefully and downwards strikes the drill rod 20, and the drill rod 20 stops moving after downwards striking rocks. When the hammer 50 does not stop moving downward after striking the drill rod 20 downward, the hammer 50 impacts the rubber damper 82, and the rubber damper 82 is compressed to absorb part of the impact force, thereby reducing the impact on the drill rod outer sleeve 110 and the boom 101.
B4, and the step B1 to the step B3 are continuously and repeatedly completed to crush the rock.
In conclusion, the present invention effectively overcomes various disadvantages of the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A single-shaft support guide breaking hammer comprises a mounting base (10), a drill rod (20), a first driving unit (30) mounted on the mounting base (10), a hammer head arm (40) driven to rotate by the first driving unit (30), and a hammer head (50) mounted on the hammer head arm (40), wherein the hammer head (50) is matched with the drill rod (20) in a striking mode, and is characterized in that: the mounting base (10) comprises a large arm (101), a small arm (102) and a second driving unit connected between the large arm (101) and the small arm (102), the large arm (101), the small arm (102) and the hammer head arm (40) are coaxially hinged through a first pin shaft (161), the drill rod (20) can be mounted in the large arm (101) in a vertically movable mode, a mounting hole (104) is formed in the small arm (102), and the second driving unit drives the large arm (101) to rotate relative to the small arm (102) around the first pin shaft (161).
2. The single-axle supported guided demolition hammer of claim 1 wherein: at the first pin shaft (161), the end part of the large arm (101) is provided with a groove (105) for accommodating the end part of the small arm (102); the two hammer head arms (40) are distributed on the outer side of the large arm (101) along the axial direction of the first pin shaft (161).
3. The single-axle supported guided demolition hammer of claim 1 wherein: the first driving unit (30) comprises a driving oil cylinder (31), and a cylinder body and a piston rod of the driving oil cylinder (31) are hinged to the large arm (101) and the hammer head arm (40) respectively.
4. The single-axle supported guided demolition hammer of claim 1 wherein: the second driving unit comprises a supporting oil cylinder (103), and a cylinder body and a piston rod of the supporting oil cylinder (103) are hinged with the small arm (102) and the large arm (101) respectively.
5. The single-axle supported guided demolition hammer of claim 1 wherein: the hammer is characterized by further comprising an energy storage unit (60) arranged on the mounting base (10), wherein the energy storage unit (60) is connected with the hammer arm (40);
when the first driving unit (30) drives the hammer head arm (40) to rotate and enables the hammer head (50) to move away from the drill rod (20), the energy storage unit (60) is in an energy storage state;
when the first driving unit (30) drives the hammer head arm (40) to rotate and enables the hammer head (50) to move towards the direction close to the drill rod (20), the energy storage unit (60) acts on the hammer head arm (40) and enables the hammer head (50) to move towards the direction close to the drill rod (20).
6. The single-axle supported guided demolition hammer of claim 5, wherein: the energy storage unit (60) comprises an energy storage cylinder (61), a cylinder body and a piston rod of the energy storage cylinder (61) are hinged with the large arm (101) and the hammer head arm (40) respectively, and the energy storage cylinder (61) is provided with a nitrogen chamber (611) located on one side of the piston rod of the energy storage cylinder and an inflation valve communicated with the nitrogen chamber (611);
when the first driving unit (30) drives the hammer head (50) to move away from the drill rod (20), the volume of the nitrogen chamber (611) is reduced;
when the first driving unit (30) drives the hammer head (50) to move towards the direction close to the drill rod (20), the volume of the nitrogen chamber (611) is increased.
7. The single-axle supported guided demolition hammer of claim 5, wherein: the energy storage unit (60) comprises a connecting rope (62), a fixed seat (65) fixed on the large arm (101) and an energy storage spring (63) with one end fixed on the fixed seat (65), and two ends of the connecting rope (62) are fixedly connected with the hammer head arm (40) and the other end of the energy storage spring (63) respectively;
when the first driving unit (30) drives the hammer head (50) to move away from the drill rod (20), the energy storage spring (63) is compressed;
when the first driving unit (30) drives the hammer head (50) to move towards the direction close to the drill rod (20), the energy storage spring (63) is in an elastic opening state.
8. The single-axle supported guided demolition hammer of claim 7, wherein: the energy storage unit (60) further comprises a guide wheel (64) rotatably mounted on the large arm (101), the connecting rope (62) bypasses the guide wheel (64), and the section of the connecting rope (62) extending from the guide wheel (64) to the energy storage spring (63) extends straightly along the telescopic direction of the energy storage spring (63).
9. The single-axle supported guided demolition hammer of claim 1 wherein: the drill rod comprises a sliding outer sleeve (70) fixed on a large arm (101), a damping component (80) fixed on the sliding outer sleeve (70) and a limiter (90), wherein the drill rod (20) comprises a rod main body part (21) penetrating through the sliding outer sleeve (70) and the damping component (80) in a vertically movable mode and a rod striking part (22) integrally arranged at the end part of the rod main body part (21) and in striking fit with a hammer head (50), the rod striking part (22) is located outside the sliding outer sleeve (70) and the damping component (80) and can be in butt fit with the damping component (80), and the limiter (90) is fixed on the rod main body part (21) extending out of one side, back to the damping component (80), of the sliding outer sleeve (70) and can be in butt fit with the sliding outer sleeve (70).
10. The single-axle supported guided demolition hammer of claim 1 wherein: the drill rod is characterized by further comprising a drill rod outer sleeve (110) fixed on the large arm (101) and a stroke limiting pin (120) fixed in the drill rod outer sleeve (110), the drill rod (20) can be vertically and movably arranged in the drill rod outer sleeve (110) in a penetrating mode through an upper sliding sleeve (130) and a lower sliding sleeve (140), a limiting groove (23) for containing the stroke limiting pin (120) is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the drill rod (20), a lower limiting portion (24) capable of being in butt fit with the stroke limiting pin (120) is formed by the upper groove wall of the limiting groove (23), and an upper limiting portion (25) capable of being in butt fit with the stroke limiting pin (120) is formed by the lower groove wall of the limiting groove (23).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2021/092686 WO2022021993A1 (en) | 2020-07-25 | 2021-05-10 | Breaking hammer having single-shaft supporting and guiding effects |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2020107646176 | 2020-07-25 | ||
| CN202010764617.6A CN111779063A (en) | 2020-07-25 | 2020-07-25 | Single-shaft supporting and guiding breaking hammer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113969600A true CN113969600A (en) | 2022-01-25 |
| CN113969600B CN113969600B (en) | 2024-05-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010764617.6A Withdrawn CN111779063A (en) | 2020-07-25 | 2020-07-25 | Single-shaft supporting and guiding breaking hammer |
| CN202120921313.6U Withdrawn - After Issue CN219240676U (en) | 2020-07-25 | 2021-04-29 | Single-shaft supporting guiding breaking hammer |
| CN202110473496.4A Active CN113969600B (en) | 2020-07-25 | 2021-04-29 | Single-shaft supporting guiding breaking hammer |
Family Applications Before (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010764617.6A Withdrawn CN111779063A (en) | 2020-07-25 | 2020-07-25 | Single-shaft supporting and guiding breaking hammer |
| CN202120921313.6U Withdrawn - After Issue CN219240676U (en) | 2020-07-25 | 2021-04-29 | Single-shaft supporting guiding breaking hammer |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (3) | CN111779063A (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111779063A (en) * | 2020-07-25 | 2020-10-16 | 何泽康 | Single-shaft supporting and guiding breaking hammer |
| WO2022021993A1 (en) * | 2020-07-25 | 2022-02-03 | 何泽康 | Breaking hammer having single-shaft supporting and guiding effects |
| CN112942478A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-06-11 | 宫矿孩 | Air-impact rapping hammer head of breaking hammer |
| WO2022217666A1 (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2022-10-20 | 何泽康 | Single-axis rotation and time-based frequency control breaking hammer |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1340229A (en) * | 1971-09-14 | 1973-12-12 | Briden H | Devices for applying hammer blows to a body |
| US20050199405A1 (en) * | 2002-05-17 | 2005-09-15 | Yrjo Raunisto | Device producing hammering |
| KR101384752B1 (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2014-04-14 | 이일재 | Hydraulic hammer |
| KR20140125546A (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2014-10-29 | 이철형 | Rebound decrease device for hammer game machine |
| CN108252352A (en) * | 2018-03-17 | 2018-07-06 | 何冬 | The more drill steel housing percussion devices of damping type |
| CN219240676U (en) * | 2020-07-25 | 2023-06-23 | 何泽康 | Single-shaft supporting guiding breaking hammer |
-
2020
- 2020-07-25 CN CN202010764617.6A patent/CN111779063A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2021
- 2021-04-29 CN CN202120921313.6U patent/CN219240676U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
- 2021-04-29 CN CN202110473496.4A patent/CN113969600B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1340229A (en) * | 1971-09-14 | 1973-12-12 | Briden H | Devices for applying hammer blows to a body |
| US20050199405A1 (en) * | 2002-05-17 | 2005-09-15 | Yrjo Raunisto | Device producing hammering |
| KR101384752B1 (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2014-04-14 | 이일재 | Hydraulic hammer |
| KR20140125546A (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2014-10-29 | 이철형 | Rebound decrease device for hammer game machine |
| CN108252352A (en) * | 2018-03-17 | 2018-07-06 | 何冬 | The more drill steel housing percussion devices of damping type |
| CN219240676U (en) * | 2020-07-25 | 2023-06-23 | 何泽康 | Single-shaft supporting guiding breaking hammer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113969600B (en) | 2024-05-03 |
| CN219240676U (en) | 2023-06-23 |
| CN111779063A (en) | 2020-10-16 |
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