CN104033102B - impact hydraulic rock drill - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of impact hydraulic rock drill, including being located at the beater mechanism on top, being located at the rotating mechanism at middle part and be located at the flushing machine of bottom, beater mechanism includes exciting casing, impact hydraulic motor, piston rod and air spring, rotating mechanism includes rotating box, rotary hydraulic motor and the driving gear being located in rotating box, idler gear, driven gear and drill steel, drill steel is vertically arranged, and the upper of drill steel is rectified bit shank impact head；Flushing machine is located at below rotating box, and ventilation or the water flowing passage of flushing machine are connected with the gas port of drill steel.The present invention is less to exciting casing impacting rebound power, it is to avoid the damage parts such as gear, bearing, affects exciting casing amplitude, and penetration efficiency is higher.

Description

Impact hydraulic rock drill

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to an impact hydraulic rock drill.

Background technique

Hydraulic rock drill is a kind of rock drill developed on the basis of pneumatic rock drill. Compared with pneumatic rock drill, hydraulic rock drill has the following advantages: (1) less power consumption and high energy utilization rate. Since the working pressure of high-pressure oil can reach 25MPa, it is It is more than 10 times that of the pneumatic rock drill, and its energy utilization rate can reach 30%~40%, while that of the pneumatic rock drill is only 10%. The drilling speed is about 2.5-3 times that of the pneumatic rock drill; (3) the working conditions are good, the hydraulic rock drill has no exhaust noise and no air pollution caused by oil mist, which improves the working environment; (4) the moving parts of the hydraulic rock drill are in the oil (5) Easy to operate and strong adaptability, the hydraulic rock drill is easy to adjust the speed and reversing, easy to realize automation, and has good performance on different rock parts.

The working principle of the hydraulic rock drill is to use the hydraulic pressure difference to push the piston to perform high-speed reciprocating motion in the cylinder to impact the drill rod. The exciting force generated by the rotation of the hydraulic motor and the eccentric block on the upper part drives the impact hammer head on the exciting box to impact the drill tail. Although this structure is equipped with a buffer spring on the sliding guide post of the exciting box, the impact The rebound force of the hammer head impacting the shank still has a great impact on the vibration excitation box, which may easily cause damage to the gears, bearings and other parts on the vibration excitation box, and affect the amplitude of the vibration excitation box, so that the impact stroke changes. In addition, the patent No. ZL201010596120.4 "A Percussive Hydraulic Rock Drill" has a short and thick structure because the impact hammer head is set at the lower part of the vibration box. From the impact shock wave theory and experience, the injection waveform is relatively steep, and the drilling less efficient.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an impact hydraulic rock drill with relatively small impact and rebound force on the excitation box, avoiding damage to gears, bearings and other parts, affecting the amplitude of the excitation box, and having high drilling efficiency.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide an impact hydraulic rock drill, which includes an impact mechanism on the upper part, a rotating mechanism on the middle part and a flushing mechanism on the lower part. The vibration box, the impact hydraulic motor, the piston rod and the air spring, the upper surface and the lower surface of the vibration box are provided with the vibration box mounting seat with a longitudinal through hole, and the middle part of the vibration box is horizontally provided with Two eccentric shafts parallel to each other are provided with eccentric blocks and transmission gears, and the transmission gears on the two eccentric shafts mesh with each other, and one of the eccentric shafts is connected to the impact hydraulic motor; The piston rod passes through the through hole of the vibration excitation box mounting seat and runs through the entire vibration box and is arranged between the eccentric blocks of the two eccentric shafts. The diameter of the upper part of the piston rod is larger than the diameter of the lower part. The upper end of the piston rod and one end of the air spring In contrast, the other end of the air spring is connected with a top plate, an upper guide column is arranged above the top plate, and a shank impact head is arranged at the lower end of the piston rod; the rotating mechanism includes a rotating box, a rotating hydraulic motor and a device. The driving gear, the intermediate gear, the driven gear and the drilling rod in the rotating box, the driving gear is connected to the output shaft of the rotary hydraulic motor, the driven gear is sleeved on the drilling rod, and the intermediate gear is arranged on the driving gear and the driven gear. between the driven gears and meshes with the driving gear and the driven gear respectively, the drill rod is arranged vertically, and the upper end of the drill rod is directly facing the impact head of the drill tail; The ventilation or water passage is communicated with the air guide hole of the drill rod.

After adopting the above structure, compared with the prior art, the impact hydraulic rock drill of the present invention has a reduced impact rebound force on the impact of the excitation box, effectively reducing the probability of damage to the gears and bearings of the excitation box, and the piston rod After receiving the impact rebound force, its upper end is offset by the air spring, and the upward movement of the piston rod is buffered, which also reduces the impact of the impact rebound force on the piston rod. The impact of the vibration is small, and the service life of the equipment is extended. The piston rod runs through the excitation box, and the chiseling efficiency is high.

As an improvement, shock-absorbing glue is provided on the upper and lower sides of the vibration-exciting box to reduce the vibration of the exciting box. The shock-absorbing glue can further buffer the exciting box, and the use effect is better. good.

As an improvement, the bottom of the vibration excitation box is provided with a lower guide column for guidance, and the addition of the lower guide column can better guide the vibration excitation box downward, preventing it from deviating from the direction and causing greater vibration.

As a further improvement, a piston rod connection sleeve is provided directly below the piston rod, and the shank impact head slides in the piston rod connection sleeve. The piston rod connection sleeve can make the shank impact head shake less when it goes down, which is more accurate. impact on the chisel.

As a further improvement, both the lower end surface of the upper guide post and the upper end surface of the vibration excitation box mounting seat are provided with shock absorbing pads, which can further increase the upward vibration damping effect.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the percussive hydraulic rock drill of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view along line A-A of FIG. 1 .

In the figure, 1. Upper guide post, 2. Shock absorbing pad, 3. Air spring, 4. Piston rod, 5. Vibration box mount, 6. Shock hydraulic motor, 7. Transmission gear, 8. Vibration box Body, 9, lower guide post, 10, shank impact head, 11, damping rubber, 12, piston rod connecting sleeve, 13, rotary hydraulic motor, 14, drill rod, 15, intermediate gear, 16, driven gear, 17, rotating casing, 18, driving gear, 19, eccentric shaft, 20, eccentric block.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the percussive hydraulic rock drill of the present invention includes an impact mechanism located at the top, a rotating mechanism located at the middle and a flushing mechanism located at the bottom. The impact mechanism includes an excitation box 8, an impact hydraulic motor 6. The piston rod 4 and the air spring 3, the upper surface and the lower surface of the vibration box 8 are provided with the vibration box mounting seat 5 with longitudinal through holes, and the middle part of the vibration box 8 is provided with two mutual Parallel eccentric shafts 19, two eccentric shafts 19 are provided with eccentric blocks 20 and transmission gears 7, the transmission gears 7 on the two eccentric shafts 19 mesh with each other, one of the eccentric shafts 19 and the output of the impact hydraulic motor 6 Shaft connection, that is, the impact hydraulic motor 6 can drive one of the eccentric shafts 19; the piston rod 4 passes through the through hole of the excitation box mounting seat 5 and runs through the entire vibration box 8, and the piston rod 4 is arranged on two eccentric shafts. Between the eccentric blocks 20 of the shaft, that is, the central axis of the through hole of the excitation box mounting seat 5 is parallel to the longitudinal central axes of the two eccentric shafts 19, and is the bisector of the longitudinal central axes of the two eccentric shafts 19, the piston The upper diameter of the rod 4 is greater than the lower diameter, that is, the piston rod 4 is divided into two parts, one large and one small, with a step between the two parts. The upper end of the piston rod 4 is offset against one end of the air spring 3, and the other end of the air spring 3 is connected with Top plate, the top of the top plate is provided with an upper guide post 1, and the lower end of the piston rod 4 is provided with a drill tail impact head 10; The intermediate gear 15, the driven gear 16 and the drill rod 14, the driving gear 18 are connected to the output shaft of the rotary hydraulic motor 13, the driven gear 16 is closely matched or connected with the drill rod 14 by a flat key, and the intermediate gear 15 is located on the drive gear 18 Between the driven gear 16 and the driving gear 18 and the driven gear 16 meshing respectively, the drill rod 14 is vertically arranged, and the upper end of the drill rod 14 faces the shank impact head 10; the flushing mechanism is located at the bottom of the rotating box 17, The ventilation or water channel of the flushing mechanism communicates with the air guide hole of the drill rod 14 .

When the present invention is actually implemented, both sides above the vibration box 8 and both sides below are provided with shock-absorbing glue 11 that reduces the vibration of the vibration box 8, and each side of the top or bottom is set to two, and the vibration The bottom of the vibration box 8 is also provided with a lower guide post 9 for guiding when it goes down, preventing it from deviating from the direction and causing greater vibration. A piston rod connecting sleeve 12 is provided directly below the piston rod 4. The shank impact head 10 can slide in the piston rod connecting sleeve 12, and the lower end surface of the upper guide post 1 and the upper surface of the vibration excitation box mounting base 5 are provided with shock absorbing pads, which can prevent the piston rod 4 from vibrating when sliding up and down. The impact of the box 8.

When the present invention is working specifically, the impact hydraulic motor 6 drives one of the eccentric shafts 19, and the eccentric shaft 19 drives the transmission gear 7 on it to rotate. 19 can be rotated, so as to realize the synchronous reverse rotation of the two eccentric blocks 20 on the two eccentric shafts 19, and the components of the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the two eccentric blocks 20 in the direction of the center line of the two eccentric shafts 19 interact with each other at the same time offset, and the components in the vertical direction of the line connecting the centers of the two eccentric shafts 19 are superimposed on each other and form an exciting force, which drives the exciting box mounting seat 5 on the exciting box 8 to move the piston rod 4 upward. , when going up to a certain distance, the air spring 3 is pressed to generate a large rebound force to move the piston rod 4 downward, and the drill tail impact head 10 of the piston rod 4 strikes the drill rod 14, and the drill rod 14 The tail is connected to the drill bit to output impact energy and rotation energy to realize rock drilling operations.

Claims (5)

1. an impact hydraulic rock drill, including the beater mechanism being located at top, it is located at the rotating mechanism at middle part and is located at the flushing machine of bottom, it is characterized in that: described beater mechanism includes exciting casing (8), impact hydraulic motor (6), piston rod (4) and air spring (3), the upper and lower surface of described exciting casing (8) is equipped with the exciting box body mounting base (5) offering longitudinal hole, the middle part of exciting casing (8) is transversely provided with two eccentric shafts being parallel to each other (19), eccentric block (20) and travelling gear (7) it is equipped with on two eccentric shafts (19), travelling gear (7) on two eccentric shafts (19) engages each other, an eccentric shaft (19) therein and described impact hydraulic motor (6) connect；Described piston rod (4) through the through hole of exciting box body mounting base (5) run through whole exciting casing (8) and be located at two eccentric shafts eccentric block (20), the upper diameter of piston rod (4) is more than lower diameter, the upper end of piston rod (4) and one end of air spring (3) offset, the other end of air spring (3) connects top board, described top board be arranged over upper guide post (1), the lower end of described piston rod (4) is provided with bit shank impact head (10)；Described rotating mechanism includes rotating box (17), rotary hydraulic motor (13) and the driving gear (18) being located in rotating box (17), idler gear (15), driven gear (16) and drill steel (14), the output shaft of described driving gear (18) and rotary hydraulic motor (13) connects, driven gear (16) is socketed on drill steel (14), idler gear (15) be located between driving gear (18) and driven gear (16) and respectively with driving gear (18), driven gear (16) engages, described drill steel (14) is vertically arranged, the upper of drill steel (14) is rectified bit shank impact head (10)；Described flushing machine is located at rotating box (17) lower section, and ventilation or the water flowing passage of flushing machine are connected with the gas port of drill steel.

Impact hydraulic rock drill the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the described both sides, top of exciting casing (8) and the both sides of lower section are equipped with reduces the damping rubber (11) that exciting casing (8) shakes.

Impact hydraulic rock drill the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the lower section of described exciting casing (8) is provided with the lower guide pillar (9) for guiding.

Impact hydraulic rock drill the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described piston rod (4) is arranged right below piston rod adapter sleeve (12), and described bit shank impact head (10) slides in piston rod adapter sleeve (12).

Impact hydraulic rock drill the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the lower surface of described upper guide post (1) and exciting box body mounting base (5) upper surface are equipped with cushion (2).