CN113964348B - Humidification device with real-time response of humidification characteristics, fuel cell and control method - Google Patents
Humidification device with real-time response of humidification characteristics, fuel cell and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113964348B CN113964348B CN202111225146.2A CN202111225146A CN113964348B CN 113964348 B CN113964348 B CN 113964348B CN 202111225146 A CN202111225146 A CN 202111225146A CN 113964348 B CN113964348 B CN 113964348B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
- H01M8/04141—Humidifying by water containing exhaust gases
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
- H01M8/04164—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by condensers, gas-liquid separators or filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04492—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content
- H01M8/04507—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04828—Humidity; Water content
- H01M8/04835—Humidity; Water content of fuel cell reactants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention relates to a humidifying device with real-time response of humidifying characteristics, a fuel cell and a control method, wherein the humidifying device at least comprises a humidifier, a humidity sensing unit and a control unit, and further comprises an adjusting unit, wherein the control unit is respectively connected with the humidity sensing unit and the adjusting unit, the humidity sensing unit is arranged between a first outlet of the humidifier and an electric pile inlet and feeds back humidity data to the control unit in real time, the adjusting unit is arranged between a second inlet of the humidifier and the electric pile outlet, and the adjusting unit is used for adjusting the liquid water content of the humidifier according to a mode of adjusting the water flow rate of liquid water conveyed to the humidifier by a gas-water separator in response to a control instruction sent by the control unit based on a comparison result of the real-time humidity data and the humidity range of the electric pile. The invention can reduce the variety of humidifier finished products, does not need to replace the parts of the adjusting channel, and can be finely adjusted in real time according to the parameters required by the electric pile.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular, to a humidifying device, a fuel cell and a control method for real-time response of humidifying characteristics.
Background
The external dimension of the existing plate humidifier is fixed, and the humidification characteristic is fixed under a certain input condition.
For example, patent document CN110828860a discloses a humidifier for a fuel cell system with adjustable characteristics, which comprises a front end cover, a rear end cover, a humidification chamber, a front packaging colloid, a rear packaging colloid, a plurality of hollow fiber membrane tubes and a bypass line; the front end cover, the humidifying cavity and the rear end cover are sequentially connected; the hollow fiber membrane tubes are uniformly distributed in the humidification cavity, the front packaging colloid is fixed at the front end of the humidification cavity, the front end cover and the front packaging colloid form a front end cavity, the rear packaging colloid is fixed at the rear end of the humidification cavity, and the rear end cover and the rear packaging colloid form a rear end cavity. However, this patent requires replacement of the bypass line and does not respond in real time.
Patent document CN211265626U discloses a humidity control system for a fuel cell stack, comprising a humidifier connected to the fuel cell stack, wherein air sequentially passes through a first inlet of the humidifier, a first outlet of the humidifier, a cathode gas inlet of the fuel cell stack, a cathode gas outlet of the fuel cell stack, and a second inlet of the humidifier to reach a second outlet of the humidifier, the first inlet of the humidifier is communicated with the cathode gas inlet of the fuel cell stack through a valve body, a valve body is arranged between the first outlet of the humidifier and the cathode gas inlet of the fuel cell stack, a controller is arranged between the cathode gas outlet of the fuel cell stack and the second inlet of the humidifier, the controller is electrically connected with the valve body, and the controller comprises a humidity sensing unit. However, the dry air after the split-flow pressurization and temperature reduction is not humidified, so that the requirements of the system on an air compressor and an intercooler are increased.
None of the prior art humidifiers has been able to achieve a real-time response.
Furthermore, there are differences in one aspect due to understanding to those skilled in the art; on the other hand, since the applicant has studied a lot of documents and patents while making the present invention, the text is not limited to details and contents of all but it is by no means the present invention does not have these prior art features, but the present invention has all the prior art features, and the applicant remains in the background art to which the right of the related prior art is added.
Disclosure of Invention
The external dimension of the plate type humidifier in the prior art is fixed, and the humidifying characteristic is fixed under a certain input condition. In order to match different stack humidification requirements, humidification characteristics are adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of the separators, so that different external dimensions are generated. This makes the use of humidifiers inconvenient, and in particular, does not enable real-time humidity adjustment based on the humidity requirements of the stack.
The invention aims to provide a humidifying device which can realize different humidifying characteristics by adjusting the content of water entering a humidifier in real time through an electromagnetic regulating valve without changing the external dimension of a product. The invention not only matches different electric pile demands, but also can respond in real time in the operation of the electric pile, and can convey the air characteristics required by the electric pile in real time.
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a humidifying device with real-time response of humidifying characteristics, which at least comprises a humidifier, a humidity sensing unit, a control unit and an adjusting unit. The control unit is respectively connected with the humidity sensing unit and the adjusting unit, the humidity sensing unit is arranged between the first outlet of the humidifier and the electric pile inlet and feeds back humidity data to the control unit in real time, and the adjusting unit is arranged between the second inlet of the humidifier and the electric pile outlet, wherein the adjusting unit adjusts the liquid water content of the humidifier according to a mode of adjusting the water flow rate of the liquid water conveyed to the humidifier by the gas-water separator in response to a control instruction sent by the control unit based on a comparison result of the real-time humidity data and the humidity range.
The invention has the advantages that the size of the humidifier is not required to be considered, the pipeline in the humidifier is not required to be regulated, and the large-size air compressor and intercooler are not required to be arranged. According to the invention, the gas-liquid mixed wet air discharged by the electric pile is subjected to gas-water separation, the water content entering the humidifier is controlled, and a humidity sensing unit is added at a dry air outlet of the humidifier, so that the real-time response is realized, and the humidifying characteristic is finely adjusted.
Preferably, the regulating unit at least comprises a gas-water separator and a flow regulating valve connected with the control unit, wherein the inlet of the gas-water separator is connected with the outlet of the electric pile so as to separate gas from liquid of the gas-liquid mixture discharged by the electric pile, the gas outlet and the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator are both connected with the second inlet of the humidifier, and the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator is connected with the water outlet through the flow regulating valve, so that the water flow of the liquid water conveyed to the humidifier by the gas-water separator is changed under the condition that the flow of the flow regulating valve is changed.
By the arrangement, the gas-water separator is used for separating gas from liquid of the gas-liquid mixture discharged from the electric pile, so that the flow rate of the gas-liquid mixture entering the humidifier can be controlled, and the redundant water can be discharged.
Preferably, the regulating unit further comprises a first electromagnetic regulating valve connected with the control unit, one end of the first electromagnetic regulating valve is connected with the stack outlet and the inlet of the gas-water separator respectively, the other end of the first electromagnetic regulating valve is connected with the second inlet of the humidifier, and the control unit regulates the liquid water content conveyed to the humidifier by the stack based on the conduction state of the first electromagnetic regulating valve. When all the water discharged by the electric pile enters the humidifier, the gas-liquid separation by the gas-water separator is performed, so that the redundant operation is realized, the liquid water amount path is prolonged, and the conveying time of the liquid water is prolonged. At this time, the first electromagnetic regulating valve is arranged, so that the gas-liquid mixture discharged by the electric pile can shorten the path and enter the humidifier, and the transportation efficiency of the gas-liquid mixture is improved.
Preferably, in a state that the first electromagnetic regulating valve is conducted, a first pressure difference between the electric pile outlet and the second inlet of the humidifier is larger than a second pressure difference between the electric pile outlet and the flow regulating valve, so that the gas-liquid mixture discharged from the electric pile is conveyed to the humidifier in a path without passing through the gas-water separator, and in a state that the first electromagnetic regulating valve is closed, the gas-liquid mixture discharged from the electric pile is conveyed to the gas-water separator. The invention uses the pressure difference to enable the gas-liquid mixture to directly enter the humidifier through a shorter path even if a control valve is not arranged on a pipeline of the gas-water separator.
Preferably, the gas-water separator further comprises a second electromagnetic regulating valve, the second electromagnetic regulating valve is arranged at the inlet of the gas-water separator, and the second electromagnetic regulating valve is used for conducting or closing a pipeline of the inlet of the gas-water separator in response to a control instruction of the control unit. By arranging the second electromagnetic regulating valve, the gas-liquid mixture can be completely prevented from entering the gas-water separator. Further, the second electromagnetic regulating valve is provided, so that the interference of the pressure of the gas-water separator on the path of the gas-liquid mixture can be reduced.
Preferably, when the real-time humidity data of the humidity sensing unit is lower than the humidity range of the electric pile, the flow regulating valve in the regulating unit increases the flow based on the control instruction of the control unit, or the control unit controls the first electromagnetic regulating valve to be conducted, and the gas-liquid mixture discharged from the electric pile is conveyed to the humidifier in a path which does not pass through the gas-water separator.
Preferably, in the case that the real-time humidity data of the humidity sensing unit is higher than the humidity range of the electric pile, the first electromagnetic regulating valve is closed, and the flow regulating valve in the regulating unit reduces the flow based on the control instruction of the control unit.
The humidity sensing unit is arranged at the inlet of the electric pile, so that accurate humidity data can be measured, the interference of electrochemical reaction in the electric pile on humidity is reduced, and the measurement accuracy of humidity provided by the humidifier is improved. According to the invention, the flow regulating valve of the gas-water separator is regulated, so that the content of liquid water entering the humidifier can be accurately controlled, the efficiency of humidity regulation is higher, and real-time regulation and fine regulation are realized.
The invention also provides a control method of the humidifying device with real-time response of humidifying characteristics, which at least comprises the following steps:
the humidity sensing unit collects humidity data between the first outlet of the humidifier and the electric pile inlet in real time and feeds the humidity data back to the control unit, and the adjusting unit adjusts the liquid water content of the humidifier according to a mode of adjusting the water flow rate of the liquid water conveyed to the humidifier by the gas-water separator in response to a control instruction sent by the control unit based on a comparison result of the real-time humidity data and the humidity range.
Preferably, the method further comprises: in case that the real-time humidity data of the humidity sensing unit is lower than the humidity range of the electric pile, the flow rate regulating valve in the regulating unit increases the flow rate based on the control instruction of the control unit, or,
the control unit controls the first electromagnetic regulating valve to be conducted, and the gas-liquid mixture discharged by the electric pile is conveyed to the humidifier in a path which does not pass through the gas-water separator.
Preferably, the method further comprises: and under the condition that the real-time humidity data of the humidity sensing unit is higher than the humidity range of the electric pile, the first electromagnetic regulating valve is closed, and the flow regulating valve in the regulating unit reduces the flow based on the control instruction of the control unit.
According to the control method, manual operation is not needed, the control unit can automatically adjust according to the change of the real-time humidity and the preset humidity range, the working efficiency is improved, the humidity is convenient to adjust, and the response is quick.
The invention also provides a fuel cell comprising the humidifying device, at least comprising a humidifier, a humidity sensing unit, a control unit and a galvanic pile, and further comprising an adjusting unit, wherein the control unit is respectively connected with the humidity sensing unit and the adjusting unit. The regulating unit at least comprises a gas-water separator and a flow regulating valve connected with the control unit, wherein an inlet of the gas-water separator is connected with a pile outlet to separate gas and liquid of a gas-liquid mixture discharged by the pile, a gas outlet and a liquid outlet of the gas-water separator are both connected with a second inlet of the humidifier, a liquid outlet of the gas-water separator is connected with a water outlet through the flow regulating valve, and the flow regulating valve is used for regulating flow change of the gas-water separator and changing water flow of liquid water conveyed to the humidifier according to a control instruction sent by the control unit based on a comparison result of real-time humidity data and a humidity range of the pile.
The fuel cell maintains a stable humidity environment by controlling the humidity of the humidifier in real time, so that the electrochemical reaction efficiency of the fuel cell is stable, and the fuel cell is in a stable running state. The gas in the gas-liquid mixture discharged by the fuel cell is separated by the gas-water separator and all enters the humidifier, and then the wet air is formed by the humidifier to circulate into the electric pile, so that the recycling of the gas is realized, the gas in the fuel cell forms circulating gas, the utilization rate of the gas is improved, the waste of the gas is reduced, the stable operation of the fuel cell is maintained, and the operation efficiency of the fuel cell is higher.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram of a preferred humidifying device according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a simplified module connection diagram of another preferred humidifying device provided by the present invention.
List of reference numerals
1: a humidifier; 2: a humidity sensing unit; 3: a control unit; 4: a galvanic pile; 5: a first electromagnetic regulating valve; 6: a second electromagnetic regulating valve; 7: a gas-water separator; 8: a flow regulating valve; 10: a three-way connection; 11: a first inlet; 12: a first outlet; 13: a second inlet; 14: a second outlet; 15: an input pipeline; 16: an output line; 17: a moisture inlet; 18: a discharge port; 91: a first pipeline; 92: a second pipeline; 93: and a third pipeline.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings.
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a humidifying device and a humidifying method with real-time response of humidifying characteristics. The invention also provides a fuel cell stack capable of adjusting humidity in real time. The invention also provides a humidifying device with real-time response of humidifying characteristics, a fuel cell and a control method.
As shown in fig. 2, the present invention provides a humidifying device with real-time response of humidifying characteristics, which at least comprises a humidifier 1, a humidity sensing unit, a control unit and an adjusting unit. The first inlet 11 of the humidifier 1 is an air inlet. The air entering the humidifier 1 may be either wet air or dry air. The air entering from the first inlet 11 of the humidifier 1 is preferably dry air. The first outlet 12 of the humidifier 1 is an outlet for discharging the humid air.
The second inlet 13 of the humidifier 1 is an inlet for humid air or liquid water. The second outlet 14 of the humidifier is a discharge outlet for liquid water, air and/or excess moisture.
An inlet line 15 is provided between the first outlet 12 of the humidifier 1 and the moisture inlet 17 of the stack 4. The humidity sensing unit 2 is arranged on the input line 15. The humidity sensing unit 2 establishes an information connection with the control unit 3 in a wired or wireless manner, and feeds back humidity data to the control unit 3 in real time. The humidity sensing unit 2 includes at least one humidity sensor. The humidity sensing unit is arranged at the humidity inlet 17 of the electric pile, so that accurate humidity data can be measured, interference of electrochemical reaction in the electric pile on humidity is reduced, and the measurement accuracy of humidity provided by the humidifier is improved.
The control unit in the invention can be one or more of a server, an application specific integrated chip, a singlechip, a computer and a processor.
The discharge port 18 of the stack 4 is connected to one end of the output line 16. The other end of the output line 16 is connected to the second inlet 13 of the humidifier 1 or to the discharge line in common with the second outlet 14 of the humidifier 1 via a regulating unit. Preferably, the regulating unit is connected to the outlet line 16.
As shown in fig. 1, the conditioning unit comprises at least a gas-water separator 7. The inlet of the gas-water separator 7 is connected to the discharge port 18 of the stack 4. The gas outlet of the gas-water separator 7 is connected to the second inlet 13 of the humidifier 1 through a first pipe 91 so that unreacted gas or gaseous water discharged from the stack is fed from the first pipe 91 into the humidifier 1. The liquid outlet of the gas-water separator 7 is connected to the second inlet 13 of the humidifier 1 via a second pipe 92, thereby delivering the separated liquid water into the humidifier 1. Preferably, the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator 7 is also provided with a flow regulating valve 8. The flow rate regulating valve 8 discharges the liquid water passing through the flow rate regulating valve 8 through the third pipe 93. Preferably, the third conduit 93 shares a drain with the second outlet 14 of the humidifier 1.
One end of the second pipe 92 is disposed between the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator 7 and the flow rate regulating valve 8, so that the liquid water separated by the gas-water separator can be input into the humidifier 1 through the second pipe 92 or discharged through the third pipe 93 connected to the flow rate regulating valve 8. The flow rate regulating valve 8 is provided to be able to regulate the input amount of liquid water to the humidifier 1 from the second inlet 13 in such a manner as to regulate the flow rate of liquid water passing through the flow rate regulating valve 8. In the case where the flow rate of the flow rate regulating valve 8 is set to a certain amount, when the flow rate of the liquid water discharged from the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator is greater than the flow rate of the flow rate regulating valve 8, the portion of the liquid water exceeding the flow rate value of the flow rate regulating valve 8 can be input into the humidifier 1 through the second pipe 92. Therefore, the control unit 3 can adjust the water flow rate of the second pipe 92 between the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator 7 and the humidifier 1 by adjusting the flow rate value of the flow rate adjustment valve 8. When the flow rate regulating valve 8 is closed, all liquid water discharged from the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator 7 is fed into the humidifier 1 through the second pipe 92.
In the present invention, the flow rate control valve 8 is preferably a solenoid valve capable of performing flow rate control. The liquid outlet of the gas-water separator 7 is connected with a water outlet through a flow regulating valve 8. The flow regulating valve 8 is connected with the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator 7, so that the flow rate of the discharged liquid water can be controlled, and the amount of the liquid water flowing to the humidifier can be indirectly controlled. Preferably, the outlet of the gas-water separator 7 is provided with a three-way interface. The first end of the three-way interface is connected with the liquid outlet, the second end is connected with the second inlet of the humidifier through a pipeline, and the third end is connected with the flow regulating valve 8. So configured, when the flow value of the flow regulating valve 8 is increased, the liquid water flowing into the humidifier 1 is reduced. When the flow value of the flow regulating valve 8 is adjusted to be small, the liquid water flowing into the humidifier 1 increases. The control unit 3 changes the flow rate of the liquid water supplied from the gas-water separator 7 to the humidifier 1 by controlling the flow rate change of the flow rate regulating valve 8 in real time.
In response to a control instruction issued by the control unit based on the comparison result of the real-time humidity data and the humidity range, the adjustment unit 3 adjusts the liquid water content of the humidifier 1 in such a manner as to adjust the flow rate of the liquid water delivered to the humidifier 1 by the gas-water separator 7. So configured, although the liquid water is separated by the gas-water separator, the amount of flow of water delivered to the humidifier is controllable, thereby adjusting the amount of humidified water content of the gas by the humidifier by the amount of water input. The control unit 3 adjusts the water content of the input humidifier by real-time response to real-time data of the humidity sensing unit so that the humidity of the output gas reaches the humidity range required for the electric pile. The invention reduces the manual step of adjusting the humidifier by the real-time control of the control unit and the real-time adjustment of the humidity, and has the advantages of high adjustment speed, short delay and high adjustment efficiency.
Preferably, the regulating unit further comprises a first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 connected to the control unit 3. The first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 is connected to the control unit 3 in a wired and/or wireless manner, and transmits operating state information to the control unit or adjusts its own operating state in response to a control instruction of the control unit 3. The first solenoid valve 5 is arranged on the outlet line 16. One end of the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 is connected with the discharge outlet 18 of the electric pile 4 and the inlet of the gas-water separator 7 through a three-way connecting piece 10 respectively. The other end of the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 is connected to a second inlet 13 of the humidifier 1.
The control unit 3 adjusts the liquid water content delivered to the humidifier 1 by the electric pile 4 based on controlling the on state of the first electromagnetic adjusting valve 5.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the gas-water separator 7 further comprises a second electromagnetic regulating valve 6. The second electromagnetic regulating valve 6 is connected with the control unit 3 to receive the control instruction of the control unit and feed back the current working state to the control unit. The second electromagnetic regulating valve 6 is arranged at the inlet of the gas-water separator 7. One end of the second electromagnetic regulating valve 6 is connected with the inlet of the gas-water separator 7, and the other end is connected with the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 and the discharge outlet 18 of the electric pile through a three-way connecting piece 1O.
In real time, in response to a control command of the control unit 3, the second electromagnetic regulating valve 6 turns on or off a pipeline of the inlet of the gas-water separator 7.
When the humidity data fed back by the humidity sensing unit 2 is lower than the preset humidity range of the electric pile and a large amount of liquid water is needed, the control unit can control the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 to be opened and the second electromagnetic regulating valve 6 to be closed, so that the humidifier inputs a large amount of liquid water in a short time. The gas-liquid mixture discharged from the stack 4 is sent to the gas-water separator 7 in a state where the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 is closed and the second electromagnetic regulating valve 6 is on.
In fig. 1, the liquid water in the second pipe 92 is separated by the gas-water separation step, and the liquid water enters the humidifier 1 at the second inlet 13 together with the gas inputted from the first pipe 91. That is, part of the liquid water and the gas form a gas-liquid mixture at the second inlet 13, which obviously makes the gas-water separator perform a large amount of ineffective gas-water separation work, which is not beneficial to the energy saving of the humidifying device and reduces the working efficiency of the gas-water separator in the regulating unit.
In order to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention improves the pipe structure of the adjusting unit in fig. 1 to the pipe structure of the adjusting unit as shown in fig. 2. As shown in fig. 2, in the piping arrangement of the gas-water separator 7, the second piping 92 is not provided, nor is the second electromagnetic regulating valve 6 provided, and the remaining piping structure is maintained.
When the flow rate regulating valve 8 is closed and the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 is turned on, liquid water, unreacted gas and gaseous water discharged from the discharge port 18 of the stack 4 are inputted into the second inlet 13 of the humidifier 1 through the output pipe 16 and the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5.
When the flow regulating valve 8 is closed and the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 is also closed, the liquid water, unreacted gas and gaseous water discharged from the discharge port 18 of the stack 4 enter the gas-water separator 7 and are discharged from the gas outlet, and are input to the second inlet 13 of the humidifier 1 through the first pipe 91. At this time, the gas-water separator does not have a gas-water separation function, and corresponds to one transmission line and has a transmission line function.
When the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 is closed, the flow regulating valve 8 is opened and a defined flow value is set based on a control instruction of the control unit 3, the flow regulating valve 8 discharges the liquid water separated by the gas-water separator 7 through the third pipe 93.
Wherein, when the flow rate of the liquid water discharged from the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator is less than or equal to the limit flow rate value of the flow rate regulating valve 8, the gas-water separator 7 is capable of performing a gas-water separation action such that the liquid water is discharged through the flow rate regulating valve 8 and the third pipe 93, and the gaseous water and the unreacted gas enter the humidifier 1 from the first pipe 91 through the gas outlet.
When the flow rate of the liquid water discharged from the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator is larger than the limiting flow rate of the flow regulating valve 8, the gas-water separator can only discharge the same amount of liquid water based on the limiting flow rate of the flow regulating valve 8, and the redundant liquid water, the gaseous water and the unreacted gas in the gas-water separator are mixed together and cannot be subjected to gas-water separation, so that the invalid gas-water separation work of the gas-water separator is reduced, and the working efficiency of the gas-water separator is improved. In the gas-water separator 7, the liquid water exceeding the limited flow rate value portion of the flow rate regulating valve 8 flows out of the gas outlet of the gas-water separator 7 together with the gaseous water, unreacted gas, and is input to the humidifier 1 through the first pipe 91.
In fig. 2 of the present invention, by eliminating the second pipeline 92 and the second flow rate regulating valve 6, the control unit can realize the effect of regulating and controlling the flow rate of the liquid water input to the humidifier by only controlling the two valve components of the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 and the flow rate regulating valve 8, thereby simplifying the pipeline structure of the humidifying device, reducing the control complexity of the control unit 3 on the pipeline and the flow rate thereof, and reducing the work of ineffective gas-water separation of the liquid water separated by the gas-water separator.
The control method of the humidifying device of the present invention is as follows.
The first control method comprises the following steps:
the dry air inlet enters through the first inlet 11 of the humidifier 1 and is humidified. The humidity sensing unit 2 feeds back real-time humidity data to the control unit 3.
In response to the humidity data being based on real time by the control unit, the control unit 3 determines whether the current humidity data is within the humidity range of the stack 4. The humidity range can be preset, or can be determined by the electric pile according to the current power generation condition and sent to the control unit.
In response to a control instruction issued by the control unit based on a comparison result of the real-time humidity data and the humidity range, the adjustment unit adjusts the liquid water content of the humidifier in such a manner as to adjust the flow rate of the liquid water delivered to the humidifier by the gas-water separator.
The control unit 3 determines whether or not the liquid water needs to entirely enter the humidifier 1 by controlling the opening degree of the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5.
When the humidity data is far below the humidity range of the stack, the control unit 3 decides that liquid water is required to enter the humidifier entirely. If the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 is present, the control unit 3 controls the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 to open and conduct, and simultaneously closes the flow regulating valve 8. Due to the pressure difference between the stack and the humidifier, the wet air and liquid water mixture does not enter the gas-water separator 7 and all enters the humidifier. If the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 is not present, the control unit 3 controls the flow regulating valve 8 in the regulating unit to reduce the water flow of the flow regulating valve itself, and even closes the flow regulating valve 8 so that all liquid water enters the humidifier 1.
When the humidity data is within the humidity range of the stack, the control unit 3 determines that part of the liquid water enters the humidifier. If the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 is present, the control unit 3 controls the electromagnetic regulating valve 5 to be in a closed state and controls the flow regulating valve 8 to be in an open state. The wet air and liquid water mixture is separated from the gaseous wet air and liquid water by a gas-water separator 7. The control unit 3 adjusts the electromagnetic water flow rate adjusting valve 8 in real time, thereby adjusting the content of liquid water entering the humidifier 1 in real time, so that the humidifier outputs air characteristics matched with the electric pile in real time.
When the real-time humidity data of the humidity sensing unit 2 is higher than the humidity range of the electric pile 4, if the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 is in the on state at this time, the control unit 3 closes the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5. The wet air and liquid water mixture is separated from the gaseous wet air and liquid water by a gas-water separator 7. The control unit controls the flow regulating valve 8 in the regulating unit to increase the flow of water through itself so that the liquid water entering the humidifier is reduced.
The second control method comprises the following steps:
the dry air inlet enters through the first inlet 11 of the humidifier 1 and is humidified. The humidity sensing unit 2 feeds back real-time humidity data to the control unit 3.
In response to the humidity data in real time being based by the control unit, the control unit 3 determines whether the current humidity data is within the humidity range required by the stack 4. The humidity range can be preset, or can be determined by the electric pile according to the current power generation condition and sent to the control unit.
In response to a control instruction issued by the control unit based on a comparison result of the real-time humidity data and the humidity range, the adjustment unit adjusts the liquid water content of the humidifier in such a manner as to adjust the flow rate of the liquid water delivered to the humidifier by the gas-water separator.
The control unit 3 controls the opening degree of the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 by determining whether or not the liquid water needs to entirely enter the humidifier 1 as a result of the determination.
When the humidity data is far below the humidity range of the stack, the control unit 3 decides that liquid water is required to enter the humidifier entirely. If the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 is present, the control unit 3 controls the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 to be opened and conducted, and simultaneously controls the second electromagnetic regulating valve 6 to be closed. The wet air and liquid water mixture discharged from the stack does not enter the gas-water separator 7, and all of the wet air and liquid water mixture enters the humidifier.
When the humidity data is within the humidity range of the stack, the control unit 3 determines that a part of the liquid water is required to enter the humidifier. If the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 is present, the control unit 3 closes the electromagnetic regulating valve 5 and simultaneously controls the opening of the second electromagnetic regulating valve 6. The wet air and liquid water mixture is separated from the gaseous wet air and liquid water by a gas-water separator 7. The control unit 3 adjusts the electromagnetic water flow rate adjusting valve 8 in real time, thereby adjusting the content of liquid water entering the humidifier 1 in real time, so that the humidifier outputs air characteristics matched with the electric pile in real time.
When the real-time humidity data of the humidity sensing unit 2 is higher than the humidity range of the electric pile 4, if the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 is in a conducting state at this time, the control unit 3 closes the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 and simultaneously controls to open the second electromagnetic regulating valve 6. The wet air and liquid water mixture is separated from the gaseous wet air and liquid water by a gas-water separator 7. The control unit controls the flow of the flow regulating valve 8 in the regulating unit in real time, so that the humidity data is restored to the humidity range required by the electric pile.
The fuel cell of the present invention comprises the humidifying device of the present invention. Through the real-time response to the humidity characteristic of the humidifier, the electric pile can be in a stable humidity environment, so that the efficiency of electrochemical reaction is improved. Compared with the method that dry air is adopted to form wet air with proper humidity, the method has the advantage that the gas discharged by the electric pile and the moisture form the wet air in the humidifier, and the gas discharged by the electric pile is surplus reaction gas remained in the electrochemical reaction, and the electrochemical reaction can still be continuously carried out by recycling the electric pile, so that the utilization efficiency of the reaction gas is further improved. Therefore, the fuel cell can realize the good effects of no waste of reaction gas, stable operation and high efficiency through real-time humidity response.
It should be noted that the above-described embodiments are exemplary, and that a person skilled in the art, in light of the present disclosure, may devise various solutions that fall within the scope of the present disclosure and fall within the scope of the present disclosure. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present description and drawings are illustrative and not limiting to the claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents. The description of the invention encompasses multiple inventive concepts, such as "preferably," "according to a preferred embodiment," or "optionally," all means that the corresponding paragraph discloses a separate concept, and that the applicant reserves the right to filed a divisional application according to each inventive concept.
Claims (10)
1. The humidifying device with real-time response of humidifying characteristics at least comprises a humidifier (1), a humidity sensing unit (2) and a control unit (3), and is characterized by further comprising an adjusting unit,
the control unit is respectively connected with the humidity sensing unit (2) and the adjusting unit, the humidity sensing unit (2) is arranged between the first outlet (12) of the humidifier (1) and the inlet of the electric pile (4) and feeds back humidity data to the control unit (3) in real time,
the regulating unit is arranged between the second inlet (13) of the humidifier (1) and the outlet of the electric pile (4), the regulating unit at least comprises a gas-water separator (7) and a flow regulating valve (8) connected with the control unit (3), the inlet of the gas-water separator (7) is connected with the outlet of the electric pile (4) to separate gas from liquid of the gas-liquid mixture discharged by the electric pile (4), the flow regulating valve (8) is arranged at the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator (7), the flow regulating valve (8) discharges liquid water passing through the flow regulating valve (8) through a third pipeline (93),
the regulating unit also comprises a first electromagnetic regulating valve (5) connected with the control unit (3), one end of the first electromagnetic regulating valve (5) is respectively connected with the outlet of the electric pile (4) and the inlet of the gas-water separator (7), the other end of the first electromagnetic regulating valve (5) is connected with the second inlet of the humidifier (1),
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the control unit (3) determines whether all liquid water needs to enter the humidifier (1) by controlling the opening degree of the first electromagnetic regulating valve (5), and responds to a control instruction sent by the control unit based on the comparison result of the real-time humidity data and the humidity range of the electric pile, and the regulating unit regulates the liquid water content of the humidifier (1) in a mode of regulating the water flow rate of the liquid water conveyed to the humidifier (1) by the gas-water separator (7); the control unit (3) controls the first electromagnetic regulating valve (5) and the flow regulating valve (8) to regulate and control the flow of the input liquid water of the humidifier.
2. A humidifying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the gas and liquid outlets of the gas-water separator (7) are both connected to the second inlet (13) of the humidifier (1), and the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator (7) is connected to a drain through the flow regulating valve (8), such that in case of a change in the flow of the flow regulating valve (8), the flow rate of the liquid water delivered by the gas-water separator (7) to the humidifier (1) is also changed.
3. The humidifying device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
the control unit (3) adjusts the liquid water content delivered to the humidifier (1) by the galvanic pile (4) based on controlling the conduction state of the first electromagnetic adjusting valve (5).
4. A humidifying device according to claim 3, wherein in the state in which the first electromagnetic regulating valve (5) is conductive, a first pressure difference between the outlet of the electric pile (4) and the second inlet (13) of the humidifier (1) is greater than a second pressure difference between the outlet of the electric pile (4) and the flow regulating valve (8),
so that the gas-liquid mixture discharged from the electric pile (4) is conveyed to the humidifier (1) in a path which does not pass through the gas-water separator (7),
in a state where the first electromagnetic regulating valve (5) is closed, the gas-liquid mixture discharged from the electric pile (4) is conveyed to the gas-water separator (7).
5. A humidifying device according to claim 3, wherein the gas-water separator (7) further comprises a second electromagnetic regulating valve (6),
the second electromagnetic regulating valve (6) is arranged at the inlet of the gas-water separator (7),
and in response to a control instruction of the control unit (3), the second electromagnetic regulating valve (6) conducts or closes a pipeline of the inlet of the gas-water separator (7).
6. A humidifying device as claimed in claim 3, wherein,
in case that the real-time humidity data of the humidity sensing unit (2) is lower than the humidity range of the electric pile (4), a flow regulating valve (8) in a regulating unit increases the flow based on the control instruction of a control unit, or,
the control unit (3) controls the first electromagnetic regulating valve (5) to be conducted, and the gas-liquid mixture discharged by the electric pile (4) is conveyed to the humidifier (1) in a path which does not pass through the gas-water separator (7).
7. A humidifying device according to claim 3, characterized in that in case the real-time humidity data of the humidity sensing unit (2) is higher than the humidity range of the galvanic pile (4), the first electromagnetic regulating valve (5) is closed and the flow regulating valve (8) in the regulating unit reduces the flow based on the control instructions of the control unit.
8. A control method of a humidifying device with real-time response of humidifying characteristics is characterized in that the humidifying device at least comprises a humidifier (1), a humidity sensing unit (2), a control unit (3) and an adjusting unit, wherein the control unit is respectively connected with the humidity sensing unit (2) and the adjusting unit, the adjusting unit is arranged between a second inlet (13) of the humidifier (1) and an outlet of a galvanic pile (4), the adjusting unit at least comprises a gas-water separator (7) and a flow regulating valve (8) connected with the control unit (3), the humidity sensing unit (2) is arranged between a first outlet (12) of the humidifier (1) and the inlet of the galvanic pile (4),
the method at least comprises the following steps:
the humidity sensing unit (2) collects the humidity data between the first outlet (12) of the humidifier (1) and the inlet of the electric pile (4) in real time and feeds the humidity data back to the control unit (3),
in the case that the inlet of the gas-water separator (7) is connected with the outlet of the electric pile (4), the gas-water separator (7) performs gas-liquid separation on the gas-liquid mixture discharged from the electric pile (4),
in the case where a flow rate regulating valve (8) is provided at a liquid outlet of the gas-water separator (7), the flow rate regulating valve (8) discharges liquid water passing through the flow rate regulating valve (8) through a third pipe (93);
under the condition that one end of a first electromagnetic regulating valve (5) is respectively connected with an outlet of a galvanic pile (4) and an inlet of a gas-water separator (7), and the other end of the first electromagnetic regulating valve (5) is connected with a second inlet of the humidifier (1), the control unit (3) determines whether all liquid water needs to enter the humidifier (1) by controlling the opening degree of the first electromagnetic regulating valve (5),
in response to a control instruction issued by the control unit based on a comparison result of real-time humidity data and a humidity range of the electric pile, the adjusting unit adjusts the liquid water content of the humidifier (1) in a manner of adjusting the water flow rate of the liquid water delivered to the humidifier (1) by the gas-water separator (7);
the control unit (3) controls the first electromagnetic regulating valve (5) and the flow regulating valve (8) to realize the regulation and control of the flow of the input liquid water of the humidifier.
9. The control method of a humidifying apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the method further comprises: in case that the real-time humidity data of the humidity sensing unit (2) is lower than the humidity range of the electric pile (4), a flow regulating valve (8) in a regulating unit increases the flow based on the control instruction of a control unit, or,
the control unit (3) controls the first electromagnetic regulating valve (5) to be conducted, and the gas-liquid mixture discharged by the electric pile (4) is conveyed to the humidifier (1) in a path without passing through the gas-water separator (7);
the method further comprises the steps of: under the condition that the real-time humidity data of the humidity sensing unit (2) is higher than the humidity range of the electric pile (4), the first electromagnetic regulating valve (5) is closed, and the flow regulating valve (8) in the regulating unit reduces the flow based on the control instruction of the control unit.
10. The fuel cell comprises a humidifier (1), a humidity sensing unit (2), a control unit (3) and a galvanic pile (4), and is characterized by also comprising an adjusting unit, wherein the control unit is respectively connected with the humidity sensing unit (2) and the adjusting unit,
the regulating unit at least comprises a gas-water separator (7) and a flow regulating valve (8) connected with the control unit (3),
the inlet of the gas-water separator (7) is connected with the outlet of the electric pile (4) to separate the gas-liquid mixture discharged by the electric pile (4) into gas and liquid,
the gas outlet and the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator (7) are connected with the second inlet (13) of the humidifier (1), the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator (7) is connected with a water outlet through the flow regulating valve (8), the flow regulating valve (8) discharges liquid water passing through the flow regulating valve (8) through a third pipeline (93),
the regulating unit further comprises a first electromagnetic regulating valve (5) connected with the control unit (3), one end of the first electromagnetic regulating valve (5) is respectively connected with an outlet of the electric pile (4) and an inlet of the gas-water separator (7), the other end of the first electromagnetic regulating valve (5) is connected with a second inlet of the humidifier (1), the control unit (3) determines whether liquid water needs to enter the humidifier (1) completely by controlling the opening degree of the first electromagnetic regulating valve (5), and the flow regulating valve (8) regulates flow change of the liquid water conveyed to the humidifier (1) by the gas-water separator (7) according to a control instruction sent by the control unit based on a comparison result of real-time humidity data and the humidity range of the electric pile;
the control unit (3) controls the first electromagnetic regulating valve (5) and the flow regulating valve (8) to realize the regulation and control of the flow of the input liquid water of the humidifier.
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| US7829234B2 (en) * | 2005-12-15 | 2010-11-09 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Non-linear cathode inlet/outlet humidity control |
| CN101345318B (en) * | 2007-07-10 | 2010-06-16 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Humidification system of fuel cell |
| KR102552485B1 (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2023-07-06 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Fuel cell system |
| CN109921063A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-06-21 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | A kind of fuel battery air humidifying system, fuel cell system and vehicle |
| CN108232250A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-29 | 萍乡北京理工大学高新技术研究院 | One proton exchanging film fuel battery air humidity control system and method |
| CN108736049B (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2021-08-13 | 上海交通大学 | On-line measuring system for internal temperature and humidity of fuel cell |
| CN208723003U (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2019-04-09 | 东莞氢宇新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of spraying humidifier in fuel cell detection system |
| CN111180764B (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2021-07-23 | 浙江高成绿能科技有限公司 | Fuel cell cathode side humidity regulation control system and method |
| CN112259762A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-22 | 广东能源集团科学技术研究院有限公司 | Fuel cell cathode humidifying system |
| CN213520056U (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-06-22 | 上海恒劲动力科技有限公司 | Fuel cell humidification system |
| CN113258101B (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-28 | 北京亿华通科技股份有限公司 | Fuel cell system and operation control method thereof |
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