CN113964348A - Humidification device with real-time response of humidification characteristics, fuel cell and control method - Google Patents
Humidification device with real-time response of humidification characteristics, fuel cell and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113964348A CN113964348A CN202111225146.2A CN202111225146A CN113964348A CN 113964348 A CN113964348 A CN 113964348A CN 202111225146 A CN202111225146 A CN 202111225146A CN 113964348 A CN113964348 A CN 113964348A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
- H01M8/04141—Humidifying by water containing exhaust gases
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
- H01M8/04164—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by condensers, gas-liquid separators or filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04492—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content
- H01M8/04507—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04828—Humidity; Water content
- H01M8/04835—Humidity; Water content of fuel cell reactants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention relates to a humidification device with real-time response of humidification characteristics, a fuel cell and a control method, wherein the humidification device at least comprises a humidifier, a humidity sensing unit and a control unit, the control unit is respectively connected with the humidity sensing unit and the adjustment unit, the humidity sensing unit is arranged between a first outlet of the humidifier and an inlet of a galvanic pile and feeds back humidity data to the control unit in real time, the adjustment unit is arranged between a second inlet of the humidifier and the outlet of the galvanic pile, and the adjustment unit adjusts the liquid water content of the humidifier in a mode of adjusting the water flow of liquid water conveyed to the humidifier by a gas-water separator in response to a control instruction sent by the control unit based on a comparison result of the real-time humidity data and the humidity range of the galvanic pile. The invention can reduce the types of finished products of the humidifier, does not need to replace parts of the adjusting channel, and can carry out real-time fine adjustment according to the parameters required by the galvanic pile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a humidification device with real-time humidification characteristic response, a fuel cell and a control method.
Background
The external dimension of the existing plate-type humidifier is fixed, and under a certain input condition, the humidifying characteristic is fixed.
For example, patent document CN110828860A discloses a humidifier for a fuel cell system with adjustable characteristics, which includes a front end cover, a rear end cover, a humidification cavity, a front encapsulant, a rear encapsulant, a plurality of hollow fiber membrane tubes, and a bypass pipeline; the front end cover, the humidifying cavity and the rear end cover are connected in sequence; the hollow fiber membrane tubes are uniformly distributed in the humidifying cavity, the front packaging colloid is fixed at the front end of the humidifying cavity, the front end cover and the front packaging colloid form a front end cavity, the rear packaging colloid is fixed at the rear end of the humidifying cavity, and the rear end cover and the rear packaging colloid form a rear end cavity. However, this patent requires replacement of the bypass line and does not respond in real time.
Patent document CN211265626U discloses a fuel cell stack humidity control system, which includes a humidifier connected to a fuel cell stack, wherein air passes through a first inlet of the humidifier, a first outlet of the humidifier, a cathode gas inlet of the fuel cell stack, a cathode gas outlet of the fuel cell stack, and a second inlet of the humidifier to reach a second outlet of the humidifier, the first inlet of the humidifier is communicated with the cathode gas inlet of the fuel cell stack through a valve, a valve is disposed between the first outlet of the humidifier and the cathode gas inlet of the fuel cell stack, a controller is disposed between the cathode gas outlet of the fuel cell stack and the second inlet of the humidifier, the controller is electrically connected to the valve, and the controller includes a humidity sensing unit. However, the split-flow, pressurized and cooled dry air in the patent is not humidified, so that the requirements of the system for the air compressor and the intercooler are increased.
None of the prior art humidifiers are capable of achieving real-time response.
Furthermore, on the one hand, due to the differences in understanding to the person skilled in the art; on the other hand, since the applicant has studied a great deal of literature and patents when making the present invention, but the disclosure is not limited thereto and the details and contents thereof are not listed in detail, it is by no means the present invention has these prior art features, but the present invention has all the features of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to increase the related prior art in the background.
Disclosure of Invention
The plate-type humidifier in the prior art has a fixed overall dimension, and the humidifying characteristics are fixed under a certain input condition. In order to match different cell stack humidification requirements, the humidification characteristics are adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of the separators, so that different external dimensions are generated. This makes the use of humidifiers inconvenient, in particular not capable of real-time humidity regulation based on the humidity requirements of the cell stack.
The invention provides a humidifying device, which can realize different humidifying characteristics by adjusting the water content entering a humidifier in real time through an electromagnetic adjusting valve without changing the overall dimension of a product. The invention not only matches different galvanic pile requirements, but also can respond in real time and convey the air characteristics required by the galvanic pile in real time during the operation of the galvanic pile.
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a humidifying device with real-time response of humidifying characteristics, which at least comprises a humidifier, a humidity sensing unit, a control unit and an adjusting unit. The control unit is connected respectively with humidity induction unit and regulating unit, humidity induction unit set up in between first export of humidifier and the pile entry and to the real-time feedback humidity data of the control unit, the regulating unit sets up between humidifier second entry and the pile exit, wherein, respond to by the control unit is based on the control command that real-time humidity data and the comparative result of humidity range sent, the regulating unit adjusts according to the mode of adjusting the discharge of the liquid water of carrying to the humidifier by the deareator the liquid water content of humidifier.
The invention has the advantages that the size of the humidifier does not need to be considered, the pipeline in the humidifier does not need to be adjusted, and a large-size air pressure and intercooler does not need to be arranged. The invention controls the water content entering the humidifier by carrying out gas-water separation on the gas-liquid mixed wet air discharged from the galvanic pile, and adds a humidity sensing unit at the dry air outlet of the humidifier, thereby responding in real time and finely adjusting the humidification characteristics.
Preferably, the regulating unit includes gas-water separator and the flow control valve who is connected with the control unit at least, gas-water separator's entry and galvanic pile exit linkage carry out gas-liquid separation with the gas-liquid mixture of galvanic pile exhaust, gas, the liquid export of gas-water separator all with the second entry of humidifier is connected, and gas-water separator's liquid export passes through flow control valve and outlet connection, thereby under the condition of flow control valve's flow change, gas-water separator carries extremely the discharge of the liquid water of humidifier also changes thereupon.
So set up, carry out gas-liquid separation with the gas-liquid mixture of galvanic pile exhaust through gas-water separator, can control the flow that gets into the humidifier, discharge unnecessary moisture.
Preferably, the adjusting unit further includes a first electromagnetic adjusting valve connected to the control unit, one end of the first electromagnetic adjusting valve is connected to the outlet of the galvanic pile and the inlet of the gas-water separator, the other end of the first electromagnetic adjusting valve is connected to the second inlet of the humidifier, and the control unit adjusts the content of the liquid water delivered to the humidifier by the galvanic pile based on controlling the on-state of the first electromagnetic adjusting valve. When all the water discharged by the galvanic pile enters the humidifier, the gas-liquid separation is carried out through the gas-water separator, which belongs to redundant operation, the liquid water amount path can be prolonged, and the liquid water conveying time is prolonged. At the moment, the first electromagnetic regulating valve is arranged, so that the path of the gas-liquid mixture discharged by the electric pile is shortened, the gas-liquid mixture enters the humidifier, and the transportation efficiency of the gas-liquid mixture is improved.
Preferably, in a state where the first electromagnetic control valve is turned on, a first pressure difference between the stack outlet and the second inlet of the humidifier is greater than a second pressure difference between the stack outlet and the flow control valve, so that the gas-liquid mixture discharged from the stack is delivered to the humidifier in a path that does not pass through the gas-water separator, and in a state where the first electromagnetic control valve is turned off, the gas-liquid mixture discharged from the stack is delivered to the gas-water separator. The invention utilizes the pressure difference, so that the gas-liquid mixture can directly enter the humidifier through a short path even if a control valve is not arranged on the pipeline of the gas-water separator.
Preferably, the gas-water separator further comprises a second electromagnetic regulating valve, the second electromagnetic regulating valve is arranged at the inlet of the gas-water separator, and the second electromagnetic regulating valve is used for switching on or off a pipeline at the inlet of the gas-water separator in response to a control instruction of the control unit. Through setting up second electromagnetic control valve, can avoid gas-liquid mixture to get into gas-water separator completely. In addition, the second electromagnetic regulating valve is arranged, so that the interference of the pressure of the gas-water separator on the path of the gas-liquid mixture can be reduced.
Preferably, in the case that the real-time humidity data of the humidity sensing unit is lower than the humidity range of the galvanic pile, a flow regulating valve in the regulating unit increases the flow rate based on a control instruction of the control unit, or the control unit controls the first electromagnetic regulating valve to be switched on, and the gas-liquid mixture discharged from the galvanic pile is delivered to the humidifier in a path without passing through a gas-water separator.
Preferably, when the real-time humidity data of the humidity sensing unit is higher than the humidity range of the galvanic pile, the first electromagnetic regulating valve is closed, and the flow regulating valve in the regulating unit reduces the flow based on the control instruction of the control unit.
The humidity sensing unit is arranged at the inlet of the galvanic pile, so that accurate humidity data can be measured, the interference of electrochemical reaction in the galvanic pile on the humidity is reduced, and the measurement accuracy of the humidity provided by the humidifier is improved. According to the invention, the flow regulating valve of the gas-water separator is regulated, so that the content of liquid water entering the humidifier can be accurately controlled, the humidity regulating efficiency is higher, and real-time regulation and micro-regulation are realized.
The invention also provides a control method of the humidifying device with real-time response of humidifying characteristics, which at least comprises the following steps:
the humidity sensing unit collects humidity data between the first outlet of the humidifier and the inlet of the galvanic pile in real time and feeds the humidity data back to the control unit, and in response to a control instruction sent by the control unit based on a comparison result of the real-time humidity data and a humidity range, the adjusting unit adjusts the liquid water content of the humidifier in a mode of adjusting the water flow of the liquid water conveyed to the humidifier by the gas-water separator.
Preferably, the method further comprises: under the condition that the real-time humidity data of the humidity sensing unit is lower than the humidity range of the galvanic pile, the flow regulating valve in the regulating unit increases the flow based on the control instruction of the control unit, or,
the control unit controls the first electromagnetic regulating valve to be conducted, and the gas-liquid mixture discharged by the pile is conveyed to the humidifier in a path without passing through the gas-water separator.
Preferably, the method further comprises: and under the condition that the real-time humidity data of the humidity sensing unit is higher than the humidity range of the galvanic pile, the first electromagnetic regulating valve is closed, and the flow regulating valve in the regulating unit reduces the flow based on the control instruction of the control unit.
The control method of the invention does not need manual operation, the control unit can automatically adjust according to the real-time humidity change and the preset humidity range, the working efficiency is improved, the humidity adjustment is convenient, and the response is fast.
The invention also provides a fuel cell comprising the humidifying device, which at least comprises a humidifier, a humidity sensing unit, a control unit and a galvanic pile, and also comprises an adjusting unit, wherein the control unit is respectively connected with the humidity sensing unit and the adjusting unit. The regulating unit includes deareator at least and the flow control valve who is connected with the control unit, deareator's entry and galvanic pile exit linkage carry out gas-liquid separation with the gas-liquid mixture of galvanic pile combustion gas, deareator's gas, liquid export all with the second entry linkage of humidifier, and deareator's liquid export passes through flow control valve and outlet connection, respond to by the control unit is based on the control command that real-time humidity data and the comparative result of the humidity range of galvanic pile sent, flow control valve adjusts the flow variation of self, makes deareator carry extremely the discharge of the liquid water of humidifier also changes thereupon.
The fuel cell maintains a stable humidity environment by controlling the humidity of the humidifier in real time, so that the electrochemical reaction efficiency of the fuel cell is stable, and the fuel cell is in a stable operation state. The gas in the gas-liquid mixture discharged by the fuel cell is separated by the gas-water separator and completely enters the humidifier, and then forms wet air through the humidifier to circularly enter the electric pile, so that the gas is recycled, the gas in the fuel cell forms circulating gas, the gas utilization rate is improved, the waste of the gas is reduced, the stable operation of the fuel cell is maintained, and the operation efficiency of the fuel cell is higher.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a preferred humidifying device according to the present invention showing a simplified module connection;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the connection relationship of the simplified modules of another preferred humidifying device provided by the present invention.
List of reference numerals
1: a humidifier; 2: a humidity sensing unit; 3: a control unit; 4: a galvanic pile; 5: a first electromagnetic regulating valve; 6: a second electromagnetic regulating valve; 7: a gas-water separator; 8: a flow regulating valve; 10: a tee joint connector; 11: a first inlet; 12: a first outlet; 13: a second inlet; 14: a second outlet; 15: an input pipeline; 16: an output pipeline; 17: a moisture inlet; 18: an outlet port; 91: a first pipeline; 92: a second pipeline; 93: a third pipeline.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a humidifying device and a humidifying method with real-time response of humidifying characteristics. The invention also provides a fuel cell stack capable of adjusting humidity in real time. The invention also provides a humidifying device with real-time response of humidifying characteristics, a fuel cell and a control method.
As shown in fig. 2, the present invention provides a humidification apparatus with real-time response of humidification characteristics, which at least comprises a humidifier 1, a humidity sensing unit, a control unit, and an adjustment unit. The first inlet 11 of the humidifier 1 is an air inlet. The air entering the humidifier 1 may be either wet air or dry air. The air entering from the first inlet 11 of the humidifier 1 is preferably dry air. The first outlet 12 of the humidifier 1 is an outlet for discharging humid air.
The second inlet 13 of the humidifier 1 is an inlet for the ingress of humid air or liquid water. The second outlet 14 of the humidifier is an exhaust for exhausting liquid water, air and/or excess moisture.
An inlet line 15 is provided between the first outlet 12 of the humidifier 1 and the wet gas inlet 17 of the stack 4. The moisture sensing unit 2 is disposed on the input line 15. The humidity sensing unit 2 and the control unit 3 establish information connection in a wired or wireless manner, and feed back humidity data to the control unit 3 in real time. The humidity sensing unit 2 includes at least one humidity sensor. The humidity sensing unit is arranged at the moisture inlet 17 of the galvanic pile, so that accurate humidity data can be measured, the interference of electrochemical reaction in the galvanic pile on the humidity is reduced, and the measurement accuracy of the humidity provided by the humidifier is improved.
The control unit in the invention can be one or more of a server, a special integrated chip, a singlechip, a computer and a processor.
The discharge port 18 of the stack 4 is connected to one end of the output line 16. The other end of the outlet line 16 is connected to the second inlet 13 of the humidifier 1, or is connected to the outlet line together with the second outlet 14 of the humidifier 1 via a control unit. Preferably, the regulating unit is connected to the outlet line 16.
As shown in fig. 1, the conditioning unit comprises at least a gas-water separator 7. The inlet of the gas-water separator 7 is connected with the discharge port 18 of the galvanic pile 4. The gas outlet of the gas-water separator 7 is connected to the second inlet 13 of the humidifier 1 through the first pipe 91, so that the unreacted gas or gaseous water discharged from the cell stack is introduced into the humidifier 1 through the first pipe 91. The liquid outlet of the gas-water separator 7 is connected to the second inlet 13 of the humidifier 1 through a second pipe 92, so that the separated liquid water is supplied to the humidifier 1. Preferably, the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator 7 is also provided with a flow regulating valve 8. The flow rate regulating valve 8 discharges the liquid water passing through the flow rate regulating valve 8 through a third pipe 93. Preferably, the third pipe 93 shares a drain with the second outlet 14 of the humidifier 1.
One end of the second pipe 92 is disposed between the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator 7 and the flow rate adjusting valve 8, so that the liquid water separated by the gas-water separator can be input into the humidifier 1 through the second pipe 92 or discharged through the third pipe 93 connected to the flow rate adjusting valve 8. The flow rate adjustment valve 8 is provided to adjust the input amount of the liquid water to be input to the humidifier 1 from the second inlet 13 so as to adjust the flow rate of the liquid water passing through the flow rate adjustment valve 8. In the case where the flow rate of the flow rate adjustment valve 8 is set to a certain amount, when the flow rate of the liquid water discharged from the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator is greater than the flow rate of the flow rate adjustment valve 8, the portion of the liquid water exceeding the flow rate value of the flow rate adjustment valve 8 can be input into the humidifier 1 through the second pipe 92. Therefore, the control unit 3 can adjust the water flow rate of the second pipe 92 between the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator 7 and the humidifier 1 by adjusting the flow rate value of the flow rate adjustment valve 8. When the flow rate adjusting valve 8 is closed, all of the liquid water discharged from the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator 7 is supplied to the humidifier 1 through the second pipe 92.
In the present invention, the flow rate control valve 8 is preferably an electromagnetic valve capable of flow rate control. The liquid outlet of the gas-water separator 7 is connected with the water outlet through a flow regulating valve 8. The flow control valve 8 is connected to the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator 7, and can control the flow rate of the discharged liquid water and indirectly control the amount of the liquid water flowing to the humidifier. Preferably, the outlet of the gas-water separator 7 is provided with a three-way connector. The first end of tee bend interface is connected the liquid export, and the second end passes through the second entry of pipe connection humidifier, and the third end is connected with flow control valve 8. With this arrangement, when the flow rate value of the flow rate adjustment valve 8 is increased, the liquid water flowing into the humidifier 1 is reduced. When the flow rate value of the flow rate adjustment valve 8 is adjusted small, the liquid water flowing into the humidifier 1 increases. The control unit 3 changes the water flow of the liquid water delivered to the humidifier 1 by the gas-water separator 7 by controlling the flow change of the flow regulating valve 8 in real time.
In response to a control instruction issued by the control unit based on the comparison result of the real-time humidity data and the humidity range, the adjusting unit 3 adjusts the liquid water content of the humidifier 1 in such a manner as to adjust the water flow rate of the liquid water delivered to the humidifier 1 by the gas-water separator 7. According to the arrangement, although the liquid water is separated by the gas-water separator, the flow rate of the water delivered to the humidifier is controllable, so that the humidifying water content of the gas by the humidifier is adjusted through the input water amount. The control unit 3 adjusts the water content input to the humidifier through the real-time response to the real-time data of the humidity sensing unit so that the humidity of the output gas reaches the humidity range required by the galvanic pile. By controlling the humidity in real time and adjusting the humidity in real time through the control unit, the invention reduces the manual steps of adjusting the humidifier, and has the advantages of high adjusting speed, short delay and high adjusting efficiency.
Preferably, the regulating unit also comprises a first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 connected to the control unit 3. The first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 is connected with the control unit 3 in a wired and/or wireless manner, and sends working state information to the control unit or adjusts the working state of the first electromagnetic regulating valve in response to a control instruction of the control unit 3. The first solenoid valve 5 is arranged on the outlet line 16. One end of the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 is respectively connected with the discharge port 18 of the electric pile 4 and the inlet of the gas-water separator 7 through a three-way connecting piece 10. The other end of the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 is connected to a second inlet 13 of the humidifier 1.
The control unit 3 adjusts the liquid water content delivered to the humidifier 1 by the stack 4 based on controlling the conduction state of the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the gas-water separator 7 further comprises a second electromagnetic regulating valve 6. The second electromagnetic regulating valve 6 is connected with the control unit 3 to receive the control instruction of the control unit and feed back the current working state to the control unit. The second electromagnetic regulating valve 6 is arranged at the inlet of the gas-water separator 7. One end of the second electromagnetic regulating valve 6 is connected with the inlet of the gas-water separator 7, and the other end is connected with the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 and the discharge port 18 of the galvanic pile through a three-way connecting piece 1O.
And responding to a control command of the control unit 3 in real time, and the second electromagnetic regulating valve 6 opens or closes a pipeline at the inlet of the gas-water separator 7.
When the humidity data fed back by the humidity sensing unit 2 is lower than the preset humidity range of the galvanic pile and a large amount of liquid water is needed, the control unit can control the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 to be opened and control the second electromagnetic regulating valve 6 to be closed, so that the humidifier can input a large amount of liquid water in a short time. The gas-liquid mixture discharged from the cell stack 4 is delivered to the gas-water separator 7 in a state where the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 is closed and the second electromagnetic regulating valve 6 is opened.
In fig. 1, the liquid water in the second line 92 is separated by a gas-water separation step, and the liquid water is introduced into the humidifier 1 at the second inlet 13 together with the gas introduced through the first line 91. Namely, part of liquid water and gas form a gas-liquid mixture at the second inlet 13, which obviously makes the gas-water separator perform a large amount of ineffective gas-water separation work, is not beneficial to the energy conservation of the humidifying device, and also reduces the working efficiency of the gas-water separator in the adjusting unit.
In order to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention improves the piping structure of the adjusting unit in fig. 1 to the piping structure of the adjusting unit as shown in fig. 2. As shown in fig. 2, in the pipe arrangement of the gas-water separator 7, the second pipe 92 and the second electromagnetic regulating valve 6 are not provided, and the rest of the pipe structure is retained.
When the flow rate adjustment valve 8 is closed and the first electromagnetic adjustment valve 5 is turned on, the liquid water, the unreacted gas, and the gaseous water discharged from the discharge port 18 of the stack 4 are input to the second inlet 13 of the humidifier 1 through the output line 16 and the first electromagnetic adjustment valve 5.
When the flow rate adjustment valve 8 is closed and the first electromagnetic adjustment valve 5 is also closed, the liquid water, the unreacted gas, and the gaseous water discharged from the discharge port 18 of the stack 4 enter the gas-water separator 7 and are discharged from the gas outlet, and are input to the second inlet 13 of the humidifier 1 through the first pipe 91. At this time, the gas-water separator does not have the gas-water separation function, and is equivalent to a transmission pipeline and has the function of the transmission pipeline.
When the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 is closed, the flow regulating valve 8 is opened, and a defined flow value is set based on a control instruction of the control unit 3, the flow regulating valve 8 discharges the liquid water separated by the gas-water separator 7 through the third pipe 93.
When the flow rate of the liquid water discharged from the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator is less than or equal to the limited flow rate value of the flow control valve 8, the gas-water separator 7 can perform a gas-water separation function, so that the liquid water is discharged through the flow control valve 8 and the third pipeline 93, and the gaseous water and the unreacted gas enter the humidifier 1 from the first pipeline 91 through the gas outlet.
When the flow rate of the liquid water discharged from the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator is greater than the limited flow rate of the flow regulating valve 8, the gas-water separator can only discharge the same amount of liquid water based on the limited flow rate of the flow regulating valve 8, and the redundant liquid water, the gaseous water and the unreacted gas in the gas-water separator are mixed together, so that the gas-water separation cannot be carried out, the invalid gas-water separation work of the gas-water separator is reduced, and the working efficiency of the gas-water separator is improved. In the gas-water separator 7, the liquid water exceeding the defined flow value portion of the flow rate adjustment valve 8 flows out from the gas outlet of the gas-water separator 7 together with the gaseous water, the unreacted gas, and is input to the humidifier 1 through the first pipe 91.
In fig. 2 of the present invention, by eliminating the second pipeline 92 and the second flow regulating valve 6, the control unit can realize the effect of regulating and controlling the flow of the input liquid water of the humidifier only by controlling the two valve components of the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 and the flow regulating valve 8, thereby simplifying the pipeline structure of the humidifying device, reducing the control complexity of the control unit 3 on the pipeline and the flow thereof, and reducing the ineffective gas-water separation work of the gas-water separator for separating the liquid water.
A control method of the humidifier of the present invention is as follows.
The first control method comprises the following steps:
the dry air inlet enters and is humidified through the first inlet 11 of the humidifier 1. The humidity sensing unit 2 feeds back real-time humidity data to the control unit 3.
In response to the real-time humidity data being based by the control unit, the control unit 3 determines whether the current humidity data is within the humidity range of the stack 4. The humidity range can be preset, or can be determined by the electric pile according to the current power generation condition of the electric pile and sent to the control unit.
In response to a control instruction issued by the control unit based on a comparison result of the real-time humidity data and the humidity range, the adjustment unit adjusts the liquid water content of the humidifier in such a manner as to adjust the water flow rate of the liquid water delivered to the humidifier by the gas-water separator.
The control unit 3 determines whether all of the liquid water needs to be introduced into the humidifier 1 by controlling the opening degree of the first electromagnetic adjusting valve 5.
When the humidity data is far lower than the humidity range of the galvanic pile, the control unit 3 judges that all liquid water is required to enter the humidifier. If the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 exists, the control unit 3 controls the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 to be opened and conducted, and simultaneously closes the flow regulating valve 8. Due to the pressure difference between the galvanic pile and the humidifier, the wet air and liquid water mixture does not enter the gas-water separator 7 and all enters the humidifier. If the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 does not exist, the control unit 3 controls the flow regulating valve 8 in the regulating unit to reduce the water flow of the regulating unit, and even closes the flow regulating valve 8, so that all liquid water enters the humidifier 1.
When the humidity data is within the humidity range of the stack, the control unit 3 determines that a part of the liquid water enters the humidifier. If the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 exists, the control unit 3 controls the electromagnetic regulating valve 5 to be in a closed state, and controls the flow regulating valve 8 to be in an open state. The wet air and liquid water mixture is passed through a gas-water separator 7 to separate gaseous wet air and liquid water. The control unit 3 adjusts the electromagnetic water flow adjusting valve 8 in real time, so that the content of liquid water entering the humidifier 1 is adjusted in real time, and the humidifier outputs air characteristics matched with the galvanic pile in real time.
When the real-time humidity data of the humidity sensing unit 2 is higher than the humidity range of the galvanic pile 4, if the first electromagnetic adjusting valve 5 is in the on state at this time, the control unit 3 closes the first electromagnetic adjusting valve 5. The wet air and liquid water mixture is passed through a gas-water separator 7 to separate gaseous wet air and liquid water. The control unit controls the flow regulating valve 8 in the regulating unit to increase the flow of water through itself so that the liquid water entering the humidifier is reduced.
The second control method comprises the following steps:
the dry air inlet enters and is humidified through the first inlet 11 of the humidifier 1. The humidity sensing unit 2 feeds back real-time humidity data to the control unit 3.
In response to the real-time humidity data being based by the control unit, the control unit 3 determines whether the current humidity data is within the humidity range required by the cell stack 4. The humidity range can be preset, or can be determined by the electric pile according to the current power generation condition of the electric pile and sent to the control unit.
In response to a control instruction issued by the control unit based on a comparison result of the real-time humidity data and the humidity range, the adjustment unit adjusts the liquid water content of the humidifier in such a manner as to adjust the water flow rate of the liquid water delivered to the humidifier by the gas-water separator.
The control unit 3 controls the opening degree of the first electromagnetic adjusting valve 5 by determining the determination result of whether all of the liquid water needs to enter the humidifier 1.
When the humidity data is far lower than the humidity range of the galvanic pile, the control unit 3 judges that all liquid water is required to enter the humidifier. If the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 exists, the control unit 3 controls the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 to be opened and conducted, and controls the second electromagnetic regulating valve 6 to be closed. The wet air and liquid water mixture discharged by the galvanic pile can not enter the gas-water separator 7 and can completely enter the humidifier.
When the humidity data is within the humidity range of the stack, the control unit 3 determines that a portion of liquid water is required to enter the humidifier. If the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 is present, the control unit 3 closes the electromagnetic regulating valve 5 and at the same time controls to open the second electromagnetic regulating valve 6. The wet air and liquid water mixture is passed through a gas-water separator 7 to separate gaseous wet air and liquid water. The control unit 3 adjusts the electromagnetic water flow adjusting valve 8 in real time, so that the content of liquid water entering the humidifier 1 is adjusted in real time, and the humidifier outputs air characteristics matched with the galvanic pile in real time.
When the real-time humidity data of the humidity sensing unit 2 is higher than the humidity range of the galvanic pile 4, if the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 is in the on state at this time, the control unit 3 closes the first electromagnetic regulating valve 5 and controls to open the second electromagnetic regulating valve 6 at the same time. The wet air and liquid water mixture is passed through a gas-water separator 7 to separate gaseous wet air and liquid water. The control unit controls the flow of the flow regulating valve 8 in the regulating unit in real time, so that the humidity data is restored to the humidity range required by the galvanic pile.
The fuel cell of the present invention includes the humidifying device of the present invention. The galvanic pile can be in a stable humidity environment through real-time response to the humidity characteristic of the humidifier, so that the efficiency of electrochemical reaction is improved. In addition, compared with the method of forming wet air with proper humidity by using dry air, the method of forming wet air by using the gas discharged from the stack and the moisture in the humidifier has the advantages that the gas discharged from the stack is surplus reaction gas left in the electrochemical reaction, and the electrochemical reaction can still be continuously carried out by recycling the gas discharged from the stack, so that the utilization efficiency of the reaction gas is further improved. Therefore, the fuel cell can realize good effects of no waste of reaction gas, stable operation and high efficiency through real-time humidity response.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary, and that those skilled in the art, having benefit of the present disclosure, may devise various arrangements that are within the scope of the present disclosure and that fall within the scope of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present specification and figures are illustrative only and are not limiting upon the claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents. The present description contains several inventive concepts, such as "preferably", "according to a preferred embodiment" or "optionally", each indicating that the respective paragraph discloses a separate concept, the applicant reserves the right to submit divisional applications according to each inventive concept.
Claims (10)
1. A humidification device with real-time response of humidification characteristics at least comprises a humidifier (1), a humidity sensing unit (2) and a control unit (3), and is characterized by also comprising an adjusting unit,
the control unit is respectively connected with the humidity sensing unit (2) and the adjusting unit, the humidity sensing unit (2) is arranged between the first outlet (12) of the humidifier (1) and the inlet of the galvanic pile (4) and feeds back humidity data to the control unit (3) in real time,
the regulating unit is arranged between the second inlet (13) of the humidifier (1) and the outlet of the galvanic pile (4),
in response to a control instruction issued by the control unit based on a comparison result of the real-time humidity data and the humidity range of the galvanic pile, the adjusting unit adjusts the liquid water content of the humidifier (1) in a manner of adjusting the water flow rate of the liquid water delivered to the humidifier (1) by the gas-water separator (7).
2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the regulating unit comprises at least a gas-water separator (7) and a flow regulating valve (8) connected to the control unit (3),
the inlet of the gas-water separator (7) is connected with the outlet of the galvanic pile (4) to separate the gas and the liquid of the gas-liquid mixture discharged by the galvanic pile (4),
the gas outlet and the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator (7) are connected with the second inlet (13) of the humidifier (1), and the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator (7) is connected with the water outlet through the flow regulating valve (8), so that under the condition that the flow of the flow regulating valve (8) is changed, the water flow of the liquid water conveyed to the humidifier (1) by the gas-water separator (7) is changed.
3. Humidifying device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the regulating unit further comprises a first electromagnetic regulating valve (5) connected with the control unit (3),
one end of the first electromagnetic regulating valve (5) is respectively connected with the outlet of the galvanic pile (4) and the inlet of the gas-water separator (7),
the other end of the first electromagnetic regulating valve (5) is connected with a second inlet of the humidifier (1),
the control unit (3) adjusts the content of liquid water delivered to the humidifier (1) by the galvanic pile (4) based on controlling the conduction state of the first electromagnetic regulating valve (5).
4. The humidification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in a state where the first electromagnetic adjustment valve (5) is on, a first pressure difference between the outlet of the stack (4) and the second inlet (13) of the humidifier (1) is larger than a second pressure difference between the outlet of the stack (4) and the flow adjustment valve (8),
so that the gas-liquid mixture discharged from the electric pile (4) is conveyed to the humidifier (1) in a path without passing through the gas-water separator (7),
in the state that the first electromagnetic regulating valve (5) is closed, the gas-liquid mixture discharged from the electric pile (4) is conveyed to a gas-water separator (7).
5. The humidifying device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the gas-water separator (7) further comprises a second electromagnetic regulating valve (6),
the second electromagnetic regulating valve (6) is arranged at the inlet of the gas-water separator (7),
and responding to a control instruction of the control unit (3), and the second electromagnetic regulating valve (6) opens or closes a pipeline at the inlet of the gas-water separator (7).
6. The humidifying device according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
under the condition that the real-time humidity data of the humidity sensing unit (2) is lower than the humidity range of the galvanic pile (4), a flow regulating valve (8) in a regulating unit increases the flow based on the control instruction of a control unit, or,
the control unit (3) controls the first electromagnetic regulating valve (5) to be conducted, and the gas-liquid mixture discharged by the electric pile (4) is conveyed to the humidifier (1) in a path without passing through the gas-water separator (7).
7. The humidification device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein in case that the real-time humidity data of the humidity sensing unit (2) is higher than the humidity range of the galvanic pile (4), the first electromagnetic regulating valve (5) is closed, and the flow regulating valve (8) in the regulating unit reduces the flow based on the control instruction of the control unit.
8. A method for controlling a humidifier whose humidification characteristics are responsive in real time, the method comprising at least:
the humidity sensing unit (2) collects humidity data between the first outlet (12) of the humidifier (1) and the inlet of the galvanic pile (4) in real time and feeds the humidity data back to the control unit (3),
in response to a control instruction issued by the control unit based on a comparison result of the real-time humidity data and the humidity range of the galvanic pile, the adjusting unit adjusts the liquid water content of the humidifier (1) in a manner of adjusting the water flow rate of the liquid water delivered to the humidifier (1) by the gas-water separator (7).
9. The control method of a humidifying device according to claim 8, further comprising: under the condition that the real-time humidity data of the humidity sensing unit (2) is lower than the humidity range of the galvanic pile (4), a flow regulating valve (8) in a regulating unit increases the flow based on the control instruction of a control unit, or,
the control unit (3) controls the first electromagnetic regulating valve (5) to be conducted, and a liquid mixture discharged by the electric pile (4) is conveyed to the humidifier (1) in a path without passing through the gas-water separator (7);
the method further comprises the following steps: and under the condition that the real-time humidity data of the humidity sensing unit (2) is higher than the humidity range of the galvanic pile (4), the first electromagnetic regulating valve (5) is closed, and the flow regulating valve (8) in the regulating unit reduces the flow based on the control instruction of the control unit.
10. A fuel cell comprising a humidifying device at least comprises a humidifier (1), a humidity sensing unit (2), a control unit (3) and an electric pile (4), and is characterized by also comprising an adjusting unit, wherein the control unit is respectively connected with the humidity sensing unit (2) and the adjusting unit,
the adjusting unit at least comprises a gas-water separator (7) and a flow adjusting valve (8) connected with the control unit (3),
the inlet of the gas-water separator (7) is connected with the outlet of the galvanic pile (4) to separate the gas and the liquid of the gas-liquid mixture discharged from the galvanic pile (4),
the gas outlet and the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator (7) are both connected with the second inlet (13) of the humidifier (1), the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator (7) is connected with the water outlet through the flow regulating valve (8),
in response to a control instruction sent by the control unit based on the comparison result of the real-time humidity data and the humidity range of the galvanic pile, the flow regulating valve (8) regulates the flow change of the flow, so that the flow rate of the liquid water delivered to the humidifier (1) by the gas-water separator (7) is changed.
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