CN113960847A - Pulse laser frequency multiplier with continuously adjustable conversion efficiency and conversion efficiency adjusting method - Google Patents
Pulse laser frequency multiplier with continuously adjustable conversion efficiency and conversion efficiency adjusting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113960847A CN113960847A CN202010697072.1A CN202010697072A CN113960847A CN 113960847 A CN113960847 A CN 113960847A CN 202010697072 A CN202010697072 A CN 202010697072A CN 113960847 A CN113960847 A CN 113960847A
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- DLMBMHOJKBPKLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(6-ethoxynaphthalen-2-yl)-1-(piperidin-4-ylmethyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine Chemical compound C1=CC2=CC(OCC)=CC=C2C=C1C(C1=C(N)N=CN=C11)=NN1CC1CCNCC1 DLMBMHOJKBPKLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009022 nonlinear effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/353—Frequency conversion, i.e. wherein a light beam is generated with frequency components different from those of the incident light beams
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
- G02B27/095—Refractive optical elements
- G02B27/0955—Lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/355—Non-linear optics characterised by the materials used
- G02F1/3551—Crystals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/37—Non-linear optics for second-harmonic generation
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pulse laser frequency multiplier with continuously adjustable conversion efficiency and an adjusting method thereof. According to the method, the power density of the laser which is incident to the frequency doubling crystal can be adjusted in a mode that the telescope continuously adjusts the size of the laser spot, so that the adjustment of the frequency doubling conversion efficiency of the crystal is realized. The invention can continuously adjust the frequency doubling efficiency without changing crystals with different thicknesses, and can realize fine adjustment of the conversion efficiency because the adopted telescope design can provide an amplification ratio of about 1: 1.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of pulse laser nonlinear conversion, and particularly relates to a pulse laser frequency multiplier with continuously adjustable conversion efficiency and an adjusting method.
Background
Wavelength/frequency conversion of pulsed laser light using nonlinear crystals is a very common application requirement. In the conversion process, the conversion efficiency is a very important parameter, and is related to the crystal thickness, the conversion coefficient of the material to the wavelength of the incident light, the incident light power density and other factors. It is obvious that there is a limitation in excessively low conversion efficiency, and common methods for increasing the conversion efficiency include increasing the crystal thickness, increasing the incident light power density, and the like, but the conversion efficiency is not necessarily as high as possible. For example, in the field of ultrafast lasers, in addition to the conversion efficiency, the temporal and spatial characteristics of the frequency-doubled light produced by conversion are also important indicators of interest. If the conversion efficiency is too high, it may lead to degradation of the temporal and spatial characteristics of the laser pulses, and therefore maintaining a suitable conversion efficiency is very important for frequency doubling applications. Common ways to vary the conversion efficiency of the crystal include varying the thickness of the crystal or varying the spot size through a fixed power telescope consisting of two lenses. Neither of these two approaches enables continuous adjustment of the conversion efficiency. The ability to continuously adjust the spot size is very important for many applications, for example, in some scientific studies, the pulse width of incident light needs to be continuously changed, and the requirement for frequency doubling conversion efficiency remains unchanged, in which case, changing the crystal thickness or expanding/contracting the beam with a telescope with a fixed magnification ratio cannot meet the requirement. In order to solve the problem of continuously adjusting the conversion efficiency, some technical schemes also adopt a beam expanding telescope consisting of three lenses, and can adjust the beam expanding proportion within a certain range, but the adopted lens layout modes are concave, convex and convex, and the layout mode can only expand the light spots, or the layout mode which is convex, convex and concave is used for contracting the light spots in reverse, so that the beam expanding and contracting operations of the laser light spots can not be realized simultaneously under the same layout.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a frequency multiplier capable of continuously adjusting the conversion efficiency of pulse laser and an adjusting method. The proposed scheme can realize the beam expansion or beam contraction of the light spots as required, even can provide an amplification ratio of about 1:1, and is particularly suitable for application scenes needing fine adjustment of conversion efficiency. The invention has the characteristics of low cost and high reliability.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: a pulse laser frequency multiplier with continuously adjustable conversion efficiency comprises a beam expanding/contracting telescope 1, two diaphragms 2, an optical guide rail 3 with distance scales and a frequency doubling crystal 7; wherein:
the beam expanding/contracting telescope 1 specifically comprises: according to a laser propagation sequence, the laser device sequentially comprises a lens I1-1, a lens II 1-2 and a lens III 1-3, wherein the lens I1-1 is a concave lens, the lens II 1-2 is a convex lens, and the lens III 1-3 is a concave lens; the three lenses form a beam expanding/contracting telescope with continuously adjustable magnification in a certain range, the size of a light spot of incident laser can be changed, and pulse laser input and output to the telescope is approximate parallel light.
The lens I1-1, the lens II 1-2, the lens III 1-3 and the diaphragm 2 are fixed on the optical guide rail 3 through a lantern ring 4, a support 5 and a sliding block 6, and the distance between the lenses is directly read through guide rail scales;
the two diaphragms 2 are respectively fixed at two ends of the optical guide rail 3 and used for collimating incident laser, and the lens I1-1, the lens II 1-2 and the lens III 1-3 are positioned between the two diaphragms 2.
The frequency doubling crystal converts the incident pulsed laser light into its doubled light based on the nonlinear effect of the light. The frequency doubling crystal can be replaced by other nonlinear crystal compositions and using modes such as frequency tripling, sum frequency, difference frequency and the like according to actual needs.
The pulse laser input and output to the beam expanding/contracting telescope 1 is approximately parallel light.
The lens I1-1, the lens II 1-2 and the lens III 1-3 are made of BK7, calcium fluoride or fused silica. The material of the three lenses can be selected according to the wavelength of incident light and the transmittance of the material.
And antireflection films are plated on the lenses I1-1, the lenses II 1-2 and the lenses III 1-3. Three lenses can be coated with antireflection films to reduce the loss of incident light.
The invention provides a method for adjusting conversion efficiency, which is characterized in that related parameters of lens spacing X, Y, magnification ratio and beam expanding/shrinking ratio alpha are calculated through light propagation matrix simulation, and are directly read and adjusted through an optical guide rail (3), so that the conversion efficiency is continuously adjustable.
The lens pitch X, Y is calculated as follows:
wherein f is1、f2、f3The focal lengths of the lens I1-1, the lens II 1-2 and the lens III 1-3 are respectively; α is the beam expansion/beam reduction ratio.
The calculation formula of the beam expanding/contracting ratio alpha is as follows:
wherein the parameter [ x ] of the incident light1 0]TAnd parameter [ x ] of the emitted light2 θ2]TThe emergent light is parallel light, theta2＝0。
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: compared with the method for changing the conversion efficiency by changing the thickness of the crystal, the method provided by the invention can effectively reduce the cost firstly because the crystal is relatively expensive, and secondly can keep the time and space characteristics from being deteriorated for the ultrashort pulse laser. Compared with a telescope with fixed magnification ratio consisting of two lenses or a three-lens telescope with concave, convex and convex layouts, the invention can continuously adjust the magnification ratio within a certain range through the proposed concave, convex and concave three-lens layouts to expand or contract, thereby realizing the continuous adjustment of the conversion efficiency, and simultaneously providing a complete calculation method, and the lens spacing can be easily calculated according to the required magnification ratio according to the method. Because the telescope design adopted can provide the amplification ratio of about 1:1, the fine adjustment of the conversion efficiency can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pulse laser frequency multiplier with continuously adjustable conversion efficiency according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a telescope with adjustable beam expansion/beam reduction ratio, which is composed of three lenses according to the present invention;
wherein, 1-1 lens I, 1-2 lens II, 1-3 lens III, 2 diaphragms, 3 optical guide rails, 4 lantern rings, 5 supports, 6 and 7 frequency doubling crystals.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention includes a beam expanding/contracting telescope composed of three lenses, i.e., a lens i 1-1, a lens ii 1-2 and a lens iii 1-3, two diaphragms 2, an optical guide 3 with distance scale marks, a lantern ring 4 for fixing the three lenses on the optical guide 3, a bracket 5 and a slider 6, and a frequency doubling crystal 7; wherein:
the telescope 1 with continuously adjustable light spot magnification is formed by three lenses (the lens I1-1, the lens II 1-2 and the lens III 1-3), the size of a light spot of incident laser can be changed, the telescope sequentially comprises the lens I1-1, the lens II 1-2 and the lens III 1-3 according to the laser propagation sequence, the lens I1-1 is a concave lens, the lens II 1-2 is a convex lens, and the lens III 1-3 is a concave lens. The arrangement mode is to avoid generating a focus point in the beam expanding/contracting process, on one hand, the optical element is prevented from being damaged, and on the other hand, if the pulse width is in the order of femtosecond or picosecond, the nonlinear effects such as self-phase modulation and the like caused by the interaction of the focused laser and an air medium can be avoided.
The propagation process of the light beam in the lens sequence can be simulated by using a light beam propagation matrix. Under the condition that laser is not focused, Rayleigh lengths corresponding to the sizes of related light spots are all longer, so that parameters such as lens spacing, magnification and the like can be calculated by adopting parallel light approximation and utilizing a light propagation matrix.
Any one ray can be determined by two parameters of off-axis distance x and propagation angle theta, and the matrix form is [ x theta ]]TThe propagation matrix over the distance L in the direction of propagation of the light is as follows:
the propagation matrix through a thin lens of focal length f is as follows:
as shown in FIG. 2, in the adjustable telescope composed of three lenses, the focal lengths of the three lenses (lens I1-1, lens II 1-2 and lens III 1-3) are f1、f2、f3，f1And f2Is X, f2And f3Is Y. The transmission matrix of light through the lens array of fig. 2 is as follows:
in the case where both the incident light and the outgoing light are considered as parallel light, the ray angle θ in the incident light is 0, and the parameter of the incident light is assumed to be [ x ]1 0]TThen parameter [ x ] of the emitted light2 θ2]TCan be obtained from the following formula:
since the outgoing light must also be parallel light, θ is required2When the number is 0, as can be seen from (4), the requirement is satisfied
c＝0 (5)
Substituting the formula (3) into the formula (4) can obtain
The above equation can be made true for two cases:
f1＝X and f3＝Y (7)
f2[(X+Y)-(f1+f3)]＝(f1-X)(f3-Y) (8)
also known from (4), the telescope has a beam expansion/beam reduction ratio of
For MTMatrix, with the following requirements:
det|M|＝ad-bc＝1 (10)
the simultaneous (3), (8), (10) gives X and Y in relation to f1、f2、f3And solution of the beam expansion/contraction ratio a
The distance between the lenses can be calculated according to the focal lengths of the lenses and the required beam expanding/reducing ratio by the formulas (11) and (12).
The lens is fixed on an optical guide rail 3 marked with distance scales by using a lantern ring 4, a bracket 5 and a sliding block 6, the distance between the lenses can be directly read through the scales of the guide rail 3, and the distance between the lenses (the lens I1-1, the lens II 1-2 and the lens III 1-3) is adjusted according to the calculation results of the formulas (11) and (12) according to the requirements of beam expanding/beam contracting proportion.
The frequency doubling crystal 7 converts the input pulse laser into its frequency doubled light based on the nonlinear effect of light. Under the condition of small signal approximation, the nonlinear conversion efficiency of the frequency doubling crystal 7 is in direct proportion to the laser power density, and the power density can be adjusted by changing the size of a light spot under the condition of fixed single pulse energy. The frequency doubling crystal 7 can be replaced by other nonlinear crystal compositions and using modes such as frequency tripling, sum frequency, difference frequency and the like according to actual needs.
Two diaphragms 2 are fixed at two ends of an optical guide rail 3 and used for collimating incident laser, and three lenses (a lens I1-1, a lens II 1-2 and a lens III 1-3) are positioned between the two diaphragms 2. The material of the three lenses can be selected according to the wavelength of incident light, the transmittance of the material can be BK7, calcium fluoride, fused quartz and the like, and the three lenses can be plated with antireflection films to reduce the loss of the incident light;
those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention may be practiced without these specific details.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a conversion efficiency continuously adjustable pulse laser frequency multiplier which characterized in that: the pulse laser frequency multiplier with continuously adjustable conversion efficiency comprises a beam expanding/contracting telescope (1), two diaphragms (2), an optical guide rail (3) with distance scales and a frequency doubling crystal (7); wherein:
the beam expanding/contracting telescope (1) is specifically as follows: according to a laser propagation sequence, the laser device sequentially comprises a lens I (1-1), a lens II (1-2) and a lens III (1-3), wherein the lens I (1-1) is a concave lens, the lens II (1-2) is a convex lens, and the lens III (1-3) is a concave lens;
the lens I (1-1), the lens II (1-2), the lens III (1-3) and the diaphragm (2) are fixed on the optical guide rail (3) through a lantern ring (4), a support (5) and a sliding block (6), and the distance between the lenses is directly read through guide rail scales;
the two diaphragms (2) are respectively fixed at two ends of the optical guide rail (3), and the lens I (1-1), the lens II (1-2) and the lens III (1-3) are located between the two diaphragms (2).
2. The pulsed laser frequency multiplier with continuously adjustable conversion efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pulse laser input and output to the beam expanding/beam reducing telescope (1) is approximately parallel light.
3. The pulsed laser frequency multiplier with continuously adjustable conversion efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lens I (1-1), the lens II (1-2) and the lens III (1-3) are made of BK7, calcium fluoride or fused silica.
4. The pulsed laser frequency multiplier with continuously adjustable conversion efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the lens I (1-1), the lens II (1-2) and the lens III (1-3) are plated with antireflection films.
5. The pulsed laser frequency multiplier with continuously adjustable conversion efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: the frequency doubling crystal is a nonlinear crystal.
6. The pulsed laser frequency multiplier with continuously adjustable conversion efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: the frequency doubling crystal is composed of one or more nonlinear crystals in frequency tripling, sum frequency or difference frequency.
7. A method for adjusting the conversion efficiency of a frequency multiplier for pulsed laser with continuously adjustable conversion efficiency according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the adjusting method is characterized in that related parameters of the lens spacing X, Y, the magnification ratio and the beam expanding/shrinking ratio alpha are calculated through light propagation matrix simulation, and are directly read and adjusted through an optical guide rail (3), so that the continuous adjustment of the conversion efficiency is realized.
8. The conversion efficiency adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lens pitch X, Y is calculated as follows:
wherein f is1、f2、f3The focal lengths of the lens I (1-1), the lens II (1-2) and the lens III (1-3) are respectively; α is the beam expansion/beam reduction ratio.
9. The conversion efficiency adjustment method according to claim 8, characterized in that: the calculation formula of the beam expanding/contracting ratio alpha is as follows:
wherein the parameter [ x ] of the incident light1 0]TAnd parameter [ x ] of the emitted light2 θ2]TThe emergent light is parallel light, theta2＝0。
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| CN106654842A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-05-10 | 深圳市杰普特光电股份有限公司 | Laser device and frequency multiplication module thereof |
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| CN207474912U (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2018-06-08 | 南京先进激光技术研究院 | The frequency doubling device of laser |
| CN110007472A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-07-12 | 平顶山学院 | Self-adjustable laser expansion/shrink beam device |
| CN110224289A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-09-10 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of graphical UV laser generating device based on liquid crystal light valve |
| CN111398171A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-07-10 | 北京科技大学 | Detection device and detection method |
-
2020
- 2020-07-20 CN CN202010697072.1A patent/CN113960847A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090274020A1 (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2009-11-05 | Nec Corporation | Optical head unit and optical information recording/reproducing apparatus |
| CN106814459A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2017-06-09 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Device for heating to generate uniform molten pool |
| CN106654842A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-05-10 | 深圳市杰普特光电股份有限公司 | Laser device and frequency multiplication module thereof |
| CN207474912U (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2018-06-08 | 南京先进激光技术研究院 | The frequency doubling device of laser |
| CN110007472A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-07-12 | 平顶山学院 | Self-adjustable laser expansion/shrink beam device |
| CN110224289A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-09-10 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of graphical UV laser generating device based on liquid crystal light valve |
| CN111398171A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-07-10 | 北京科技大学 | Detection device and detection method |
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