CN113953850A

CN113953850A - Processing equipment for fixed-diameter circular ring workpieces

Info

Publication number: CN113953850A
Application number: CN202111334537.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李全普; 吴德强; 董胜军; 杨旭
Original assignee: Lianzhi Dalian Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Lianzhi Dalian Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-11
Filing date: 2021-11-11
Publication date: 2022-01-21

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of the processing of circular-type workpieces with a fixed diameter, and discloses a processing device for circular-type workpieces with a fixed diameter. Including walking unit, workpiece rotation unit, linear tool magazine, and visual positioning unit; the walking unit is composed of processing spindle, Z-axis displacement slide, X-axis displacement slide, and Y-axis displacement slide from top to bottom. The lateral connection end face of the workpiece rotation unit is closely connected with the lateral connection end face of the Y-axis displacement slide. The linear tool magazine is installed at the notch of the Y-axis displacement slide. The visual positioning unit is installed on both sides of the machining spindle, and the workpiece rotates. There are chip removal and collection systems on both sides of the unit; the equipment is also provided with a protective device, which is used to wrap and protect the main body of the equipment on the side of the workpiece rotating unit. The traditional three-axis distribution structure is cancelled, and the main shaft is used for X/Y/Z three-axis sliding, and the workpiece rotates angularly around the center of the circle.

Description

Processing equipment for fixed-diameter circular ring workpieces

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of processing of circular ring workpieces with fixed diameters, and relates to processing equipment for circular ring workpieces with fixed diameters.

Background

Most of vertical machining centers for machining large-diameter circular ring type workpieces on the market at present move in the Z direction of a main shaft, the workpieces horizontally slide in the X direction and the Y direction, and the workpieces compatible with the structure are wide in diameter range and high in universality. With the gradual enhancement of enterprise cost control, the requirement on processing efficiency is higher and higher, the circular ring parts with fixed diameters need to be produced in batches, and most of processing positions are symmetrically distributed in the angular direction, so that if a universal gantry vertical lathe is adopted, the functions are excessive, programming is difficult, the processing cost performance for the circular ring parts with fixed diameters is too low, and a special processing device needs to be designed for the circular ring parts with fixed diameters, so that the method becomes an important means for enterprises to save cost and increase the processing efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the background technology, and provides a processing device for a circular ring workpiece with a fixed diameter, which cancels the traditional three-axis distribution structure, adopts a main shaft to slide in three axes of X/Y/Z, and ensures that the workpiece rotates around the center of a circle in an angular direction, and the cost performance, the processing efficiency and the automation degree are obviously improved due to stronger pertinence.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a processing device for circular ring workpieces with fixed diameters comprises a walking unit, a workpiece rotating unit, a linear tool magazine and a visual positioning unit; the walking unit is respectively formed by stacking a machining main shaft, a Z-axis displacement sliding table, an X-axis displacement sliding table and a Y-axis displacement sliding table from top to bottom, a lateral connecting end surface of the workpiece rotating unit and a lateral connecting end surface of the Y-axis displacement sliding table are tightly combined, the linear tool magazine is arranged at a gap of the Y-axis displacement sliding table, the visual positioning units are arranged at two sides of the machining main shaft, and chip removal and collection systems are arranged at two sides of the workpiece rotating unit; the equipment is also provided with a protective device used for wrapping and protecting the equipment main body on the side surface of the workpiece rotating unit.

The workpiece rotating unit comprises a rotating table; the rotary worktable is fixedly provided with an electromagnetic chuck and is also provided with a servo motor. The electromagnetic chuck can rotate along with the rotary workbench; the rotary worktable driven by the servo motor can realize the positioning with high angular precision, and the electromagnetic chuck is used for clamping workpieces.

The linear tool magazine comprises a processing tool, the processing tool is arranged on an elastic tool holder, the elastic tool holder is connected with a tool holder base through a linear guide rail, an identification sensor is arranged at the response position of the processing tool, and the identification sensor is fixed on the tool holder base through a connecting support; the elastic tool holder is provided with a tool holder position switching cylinder, the linear tool magazine main body is further provided with a tool magazine protective cover, and the tool magazine protective cover is provided with a protective position switching cylinder.

The linear tool magazine main body comprises a machining tool, an elastic tool holder and an identification sensor.

The processing cutter is provided with a plurality of cutters, and identification sensors are correspondingly and respectively arranged on the respective distinguishing positions of the cutters aiming at different cutters. The machining tool comprises but is not limited to a groove milling cutter, a chamfering cutter and a CNC measuring head.

The vision positioning unit comprises a coarse positioning vision system and a fine positioning vision system; the rough positioning vision system and the fine positioning vision system are respectively arranged at two sides of the processing main shaft, wherein the rough positioning vision system adopts an industrial camera with resolution of more than 200W pixels and a fixed-focus lens, and two strip-shaped light sources are used for assistance; the fine positioning vision system adopts a 2000W pixel resolution industrial camera matched with a telecentric lens and an annular light source.

The chip removal and collection system comprises a chip removal port and a chip remover; two sides of the rotary worktable are respectively provided with a chip removal port; each chip removal port is connected with a chip remover, and a chip collecting vehicle is arranged below each chip remover. The scrap iron cut off falls into the chip cleaner from the chip removal port, and the scrap iron is lifted by the scraper on the chip cleaner and finally falls into the chip collecting vehicle.

Furthermore, the linear tool magazine is positioned at the positive displacement limit point of the X-axis displacement sliding table.

Further, the walking unit is a main axis X/Y/Z three-direction walking unit;

further, the processing main shaft, the X shaft, the Y shaft and the Z shaft are respectively provided with a motor;

furthermore, the visual positioning units are arranged on two sides of the processing main shaft and move along with the processing main shaft.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

compared with a general machining center on the market, the machining equipment for the circular ring workpieces with fixed diameters has the following advantages: the processing equipment provided by the invention is a special processing center which adopts a special structural form designed aiming at the processing content of a workpiece, and has strong pertinence, lower price and high cost performance; the processing equipment provided by the invention has small floor area and mass, and because the technical scheme provided by the invention cancels the horizontal movement of the X axis and the Y axis of the workpiece and replaces the horizontal movement with the rotation of the workpiece around the circle center, the main shaft can meet the processing requirement of the whole circle of the workpiece in a smaller displacement, and the floor area and the whole machine mass are smaller than those of a general processing center on the premise of meeting the function; on the basis of workpiece rotation, the Y shaft for avoiding feeding is additionally arranged on the main shaft, so that the special machining center has no feeding obstacle, can feed from the front and also can feed from the upper part, and can completely realize automatic feeding of workpieces; the tool magazine of the processing equipment provided by the invention has a compact structure: in the special processing project of the same specification, the number of used tools is mostly concentrated in 2-6 cutters, and the tools do not need to be in the form of common bamboo hat tool magazines, chain tool magazines and the like in the market. When the tool is changed, the main shaft moves to a position corresponding to the tool under the driving of the X/Y/Z three shafts to carry out tool changing operation.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a front view of a processing device for a circular workpiece with a fixed diameter according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the side view of the processing equipment for the circular ring type workpiece with the fixed diameter according to the invention.

Fig. 3 is a top view of the apparatus for processing a fixed diameter circular ring-like workpiece in accordance with the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a front view structure diagram of the walking unit.

Fig. 5 is a side view schematic structure of the traveling unit.

Fig. 6 is a front view of the workpiece rotating unit.

Fig. 7 is a top view of the workpiece rotating unit.

Fig. 8 is a front view of the linear magazine.

Fig. 9 is a side view of a linear tool magazine.

Fig. 10 is a top view of the linear tool magazine.

Fig. 11 is a front view of the visual positioning unit.

Fig. 12 is a top view of a visual positioning unit.

Fig. 13 is a schematic view of a chip removal and collection system.

In the figure, 1, a walking unit, 2, a workpiece rotating unit, 3, a linear tool magazine, 4, a visual positioning unit, 5, a chip removal and collection system, 101, a machining spindle, 102, a Z-axis displacement sliding table, 103, an X-axis displacement sliding table, 104, a Y-axis displacement sliding table, 201, a rotating table, 202, an electromagnetic chuck, 203, a servo motor, 301, a machining tool, 302, an identification sensor, 303, a tool magazine protective cover, 304, a tool holder base, 305, a tool holder position switching cylinder, 306, a protective position switching cylinder, 401, a coarse positioning visual system, 402, a fine positioning visual system, 501, a chip collection vehicle A, 502, a chip removal device A, 503, a chip collection vehicle B, 504, a chip removal device B, 505, a chip removal port A, 506, an external machine tool protective cover, 507 and a chip removal port B are arranged.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings attached to the specification, but the invention is not limited to the following examples.

Example 1

A processing device for circular workpieces with fixed diameters is shown in figures 1-13 and comprises a walking unit 1, a workpiece rotating unit 2, a linear tool magazine 3 and a visual positioning unit 4; the walking unit 1 is respectively formed by stacking a machining main shaft 101, a Z-axis displacement sliding table 102, an X-axis displacement sliding table 103 and a Y-axis displacement sliding table 104 from top to bottom, a lateral connecting end face of a workpiece rotating unit 2 and a lateral connecting end face of the Y-axis displacement sliding table 104 are tightly combined, a linear tool magazine 3 is installed at a gap of the Y-axis displacement sliding table 104, visual positioning units 4 are installed on two sides of the machining main shaft 101, and chip removal and collection systems 5 are arranged on two sides of the workpiece rotating unit 2; the equipment is also provided with a protection device for wrapping and protecting the equipment main body on the side surface of the workpiece rotating unit 2.

The workpiece rotating unit 2 includes a rotating table 201; an electromagnetic chuck 202 is fixed to the rotary table 201, and a servo motor 203 is also provided to the rotary table 201. The electromagnetic chuck 202 can rotate along with the rotary worktable 201; the rotary table 201 driven by the servo motor 203 can realize high angular precision positioning, and the electromagnetic chuck 202 is used for clamping a workpiece.

The linear tool magazine 3 comprises a processing tool 301, the processing tool 301 is arranged on an elastic tool holder, the elastic tool holder is connected with a tool holder base 304 through a linear guide rail, an identification sensor 302 is arranged at the response position of the processing tool 301, and the identification sensor 302 is fixed on the tool holder base 304 through a connecting support; the elastic tool holder is provided with a tool holder position switching cylinder 305, the linear tool magazine 3 body is further provided with a tool magazine shield 303, and the tool magazine shield 303 is provided with a protection position switching cylinder 306.

The linear tool magazine 3 includes a machining tool 301, an elastic tool holder, and an identification sensor 302.

The processing tool 301 is provided with a plurality of tools, and identification sensors 302 are correspondingly and respectively arranged at respective different positions of the tools for different tools. The machining tool 301 includes, but is not limited to, a slot milling tool, a chamfering tool, and a CNC gauge head.

The vision positioning unit 4 comprises a coarse positioning vision system 401 and a fine positioning vision system 402; the rough positioning vision system 401 and the fine positioning vision system 402 are respectively arranged at two sides of the processing spindle 101, wherein the rough positioning vision system 401 adopts an industrial camera with resolution of more than 200W pixels and matched with a fixed-focus lens, and is assisted by two strip-shaped light sources; the fine positioning vision system 402 employs a 2000W pixel resolution industrial camera with a telecentric lens, assisted by an annular light source.

The chip removal and collection system 5 comprises a chip removal port and a chip remover; two sides of the rotary worktable 201 are respectively provided with a chip removal port; each chip removal port is connected with a chip remover, and a chip collecting vehicle is arranged below each chip remover. The scrap iron cut off falls into the chip cleaner from the chip removal port, and the scrap iron is lifted by the scraper on the chip cleaner and finally falls into the chip collecting vehicle.

Further, the linear tool magazine 3 is positioned at a limit point of displacement in the positive direction of the X-axis displacement slide table 103.

Further, the walking unit 1 is a main axis X/Y/Z three-direction walking unit;

further, the processing spindle 101, the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis are respectively provided with a motor;

further, the vision positioning units 4 are installed at both sides of the processing spindle 101 to move together with the processing spindle 101.

The machining main shaft 101 provides cutting power through a main shaft motor and a mechanical main shaft which are matched with the machining content of a workpiece, the main shaft can do accurate movement in the vertical direction through the Z-axis displacement sliding table 102, the main shaft can do transverse accurate movement in the horizontal plane through the X-axis displacement sliding table 102, and the main shaft can do longitudinal accurate movement in the horizontal plane through the Y-axis displacement sliding table 104. The main shaft motor and the driving motors of the three moving shafts are all servo motors, and if the requirement on the required machining precision is high, second encoders such as a grating ruler can be arranged externally, so that closed-loop control is realized.

When the workpiece rotating unit 2 works, a workpiece is hoisted to the electromagnetic chuck 202, the electromagnetic chuck 202 is not electrified at the moment, the workpiece is in a free state in the horizontal direction, and the electromagnetic chuck 202 is electrified after the workpiece is stably placed, so that the metal workpiece is firmly adsorbed. .

The special machining center is integrally matched with the Lishi le numerical control system, can realize multi-axis linkage, has various communication modules, can receive signals sent by multiple detection elements including an optical fiber recognition sensor, a vision industrial camera and a CNC measuring head, and feeds back a signal processing result to the control panel.

The machining tool 301 is placed on an elastic tool holder in a linear tool magazine according to a predetermined design, and the elastic tool holder is driven by a tool holder position switching cylinder 305 to realize linear motion of the machining tool 301 on a tool holder base 304. In order to avoid that the errors of putting positions of the processing tools 301 cause the errors of taking and putting the props, the recognition sensors 302 are specially arranged at the respective special positions of the tools, when the tools put at the corresponding positions are not preset tools, the recognition sensors 302 can give an alarm, the alarm signal is directly transmitted to the Ribose numerical control system, and the alarm signal is fed back to the control panel through the numerical control system. When the tool needs to be changed, the protection position switching cylinder 306 arranged on one side of the tool holder base 304 retracts to drive the tool magazine protective cover 303 to slide to the leftmost side, and the machining tool 301 is exposed; when the tool changing is finished and the machining is started, the protection position switching cylinder 306 extends out to drive the tool magazine protection cover 303 to slide to the rightmost side, and the machining tool 301 is protected and protected by the tool magazine protection cover 303; when the worn machining tool 301 needs to be replaced manually, the tool holder position switching cylinder 305 retracts to drive the elastic tool holder to slide to the leftmost side, and the tool is exposed outside at the moment, so that manual tool changing is facilitated.

For the visual positioning unit 4, the coarse positioning visual system 401 can realize dynamic capture of images, the visual field range is large, but the measurement accuracy is not high; the fine positioning vision system 402 can realize that the image distortion is small, the visual field range is small, but the measurement precision is high, in practical application, the coarse positioning vision system 401 is adopted to identify the feature holes, and after the measured features are positioned in the measurable range, the fine positioning vision system 402 is used for measuring the detailed deviations of 3-4 features; the measurement result is directly transmitted to a Lishile numerical control system through a TCP/IP communication protocol, the numerical control system fits the actual circle center position of the workpiece according to the measurement value and compares the actual circle center position with the original point position of the rotary table to obtain a difference compensation value; and then feeding back the difference compensation value to the numerical control system to adjust the initial position of the machining spindle 101. After the machining is completed in the area, the rotary table 201 drives the workpiece to rotate until the coarse positioning vision system 401 identifies the next characteristic hole position again, and the fine positioning action is repeated until the whole surface machining is finished.

The working process of the processing equipment for the circular ring workpieces with fixed diameters is as follows: a workpiece is loaded onto the electromagnetic chuck clamp 202 by a truss manipulator or other loading mechanisms, the electromagnetic chuck 202 is powered off and clamps the workpiece by suction, the rotary worktable 201 is started, the workpiece rotates slowly, at the moment, the rough positioning vision system 401 dynamically identifies the specified characteristics on the workpiece, and sends an instruction after the specified characteristics are detected, and the rotary worktable 201 stops rotating immediately; at the moment, the main shaft X/Y/Z three-direction walking unit 1 drives the fine positioning vision system 402 to accurately measure 3-4 characteristics in the designated area, the center of a circle of a workpiece is fitted according to the measured value, the deviation value between the origin and the center of the rotary worktable 201 is finally fed back, and the deviation value is fed back to the plc system as the actual difference compensation value of the operating system; then, the machining spindle 101 rotates to cut the workpiece by a preset program; and after the cutting of one area is finished, repeating the positioning action, measuring the next area, and repeating the steps until the whole surface of the workpiece is machined. The electromagnetic chuck 202 clamp is powered on, the suction force is cancelled, and the workpiece is discharged through the truss manipulator or other loading and unloading devices.

Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. Aiming at the fixed diameter ring type workpiece processing equipment, it is characterized in that it includes a walking unit (1), a workpiece rotation unit (2), a linear tool magazine (3), and a visual positioning unit (4); From top to bottom, the machining spindle (101), the Z-axis displacement slide (102), the X-axis displacement slide (103), and the Y-axis displacement slide (104) are stacked. The lateral connecting end face is tightly connected with the lateral connecting end face of the Y-axis displacement slide (104), the linear tool magazine (3) is installed at the notch of the Y-axis displacement slide (104), and the visual positioning unit (4) is installed in The two sides of the machining spindle (101) and the two sides of the workpiece rotating unit (2) are provided with a chip removal and collecting system (5); ;

The linear tool magazine (3) includes a processing tool (301), the processing tool (301) is arranged on an elastic tool holder, the elastic tool holder is connected with the tool holder base (304) through a linear guide rail, and the processing tool (301) is set in response to a position. There is an identification sensor (302), and the identification sensor (302) is fixed on the tool holder base (304) through a connecting bracket; the elastic tool holder is provided with a tool holder position switching cylinder (305), and the main body of the linear tool magazine (3) is also provided with The tool magazine protective cover (303), the tool magazine protective cover (303) is equipped with a protective position switching cylinder (306);

The visual positioning unit (4) includes a coarse positioning vision system (401) and a fine positioning vision system (402); the coarse positioning vision system (401) and the fine positioning vision system (402) are respectively arranged on two parts of the processing spindle (101). side; in which the coarse positioning vision system (401) uses an industrial camera with a resolution of 200W or more with a fixed focus lens, supplemented by two strip light sources; the fine positioning vision system (402) uses a 2000W pixel resolution industrial camera with a telecentric lens , supplemented by a ring light source.

2. The processing equipment for fixed-diameter annular workpieces according to claim 1, wherein the workpiece rotating unit (2) comprises a rotary table (201); The suction cup (202) and the rotary table (201) are also provided with a servo motor (203).

3 . The processing equipment for a fixed diameter circular workpiece according to claim 1 , wherein the main body of the linear tool magazine ( 3 ) comprises a processing tool ( 301 ), an elastic tool holder, and an identification sensor ( 302 ). 4 .

4. The device for processing a fixed-diameter annular workpiece as claimed in claim 1, wherein the processing tool (301) is provided with a plurality of tools, and identification sensors are respectively provided on the respective distinguishing positions of the tools for different tools. (302); the processing tool (301) includes but is not limited to a milling cutter, a chamfering cutter, and a CNC probe.

5. The processing equipment for fixed-diameter annular workpieces according to claim 1, wherein the chip removal and collection system (5) comprises a chip removal port and a chip remover; The two sides are respectively provided with chip discharge ports; each chip discharge port is respectively connected with a chip remover, and a chip collector is respectively arranged under each chip remover.

6 . The processing equipment for fixed-diameter annular workpieces according to claim 1 , wherein the position of the linear tool magazine ( 3 ) is at the limit point of displacement in the positive direction of the X-axis displacement slide table ( 103 ). 7 .