CN113949074A - Primary frequency modulation optimization control method of new energy power station - Google Patents

Primary frequency modulation optimization control method of new energy power station Download PDF

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CN113949074A
CN113949074A CN202111092115.4A CN202111092115A CN113949074A CN 113949074 A CN113949074 A CN 113949074A CN 202111092115 A CN202111092115 A CN 202111092115A CN 113949074 A CN113949074 A CN 113949074A
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power
frequency modulation
station
primary frequency
new energy
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CN113949074B (en
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李剑锋
郝晓光
杨春来
马瑞
侯倩
包建东
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hebei Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Hebei Energy Technology Service Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hebei Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Hebei Energy Technology Service Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/24Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381Dispersed generators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/28The renewable source being wind energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Abstract

The invention relates to a primary frequency modulation optimization control method of a new energy power station, which comprises the following steps: (1) dividing all the power generation units into two sequences according to the power response speed through a new energy station power rapid adjustment test; (2) a primary frequency modulation device in the new energy station monitors the bus grid-connected point frequency of the station in real time, when the frequency change crosses a dead zone set by the new energy primary frequency modulation, a primary frequency modulation response action is triggered, and the response action is carried out firstly according to a sequence with high power response speed and then carried out after a slow sequence; (3) and when the total station power reaches the target value, finishing the primary frequency modulation response action. The invention can effectively improve the frequency stability supporting capability of the new energy station to the power grid.

Description

Primary frequency modulation optimization control method of new energy power station
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of large-scale new energy power generation grid connection and operation control, and particularly relates to a primary frequency modulation optimization control method of a new energy power station.
Background
At present, in the electric power structure in China, the proportion of wind power and photovoltaic power generation is increased continuously, and the rapid development of long-distance ultrahigh voltage transmission puts higher requirements on the safe operation of a power grid. Under the guidance of "two rules" in each area, the policies of safe operation and auxiliary service of each regional power grid become stricter and stricter to deal with the coordination problem of the grid and the source in the new situation. The development trend of new power grids also provides greater challenges for power grid frequency stabilization, and the basic requirements of future smart power grid development are that more flexible regulation space and stabilization efficiency are possessed. The primary frequency modulation capability of the generator set is the first important barrier for maintaining power balance and safety and stability of the power grid, and the regulation performance of the generator set plays an important role in the dynamic stability of the power grid.
In recent years, new energy power generation is developed in each regional power grid successively to participate in primary frequency modulation of the power grid, so that a frequency modulation control strategy of a new energy unit becomes an important factor influencing the frequency modulation effect of the power grid. How to reasonably plan and set the primary frequency modulation control strategy and parameters has important significance for safe and stable operation of the power grid and optimal scheduling in the future smart grid environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a primary frequency modulation optimization control method of a new energy power station, which aims to effectively improve the frequency stability supporting capability of the new energy station on a power grid.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a primary frequency modulation optimization control method of a new energy power station comprises the following steps:
(1) dividing all the power generation units into two sequences according to the power response speed through a new energy station power rapid adjustment test;
(2) a primary frequency modulation device in the new energy station monitors the bus grid-connected point frequency of the station in real time, when the frequency change crosses a dead zone set by the new energy primary frequency modulation, a primary frequency modulation response action is triggered, and the response action is carried out firstly according to a sequence with high power response speed and then carried out after a slow sequence;
(3) and when the total station power reaches the target value, finishing the primary frequency modulation response action.
In the step (1) of the primary frequency modulation optimization control method of the new energy power station, each power generation unit in the new energy station is subjected to a power rapid adjustment test, and the power generation units are divided according to the power response speed of the power generation units, wherein the power generation units with the higher response speed are in a sequence 1, and the rest are in a sequence 2.
In the primary frequency modulation optimization control method of the new energy power station, the high response speed means that power response is started within 0.5s calculated from the starting time of frequency step, the power adjustment speed of the photovoltaic power generation unit is greater than 2.5% Pn/s, and the power adjustment speed of the wind power generation unit is greater than 1.5% Pn/s. PnThe current rated capacity of the power generation unit.
In the step (1), the wind power generation unit is a single fan, and the photovoltaic power generation unit is a single photovoltaic array.
In the primary frequency modulation optimization control method of the new energy power station, in the step (2), the dead zone set by the new energy primary frequency modulation is 0.05 Hz.
In the primary frequency modulation optimization control method of the new energy power station, in the step (2), the primary frequency modulation response action specifically comprises the following steps:
(a) distributing a power regulation instruction corresponding to the total-station frequency response to a power generation unit corresponding to the sequence 1; if the adjustment target of the whole station is reached, finishing the primary frequency modulation response action; if the power value does not reach the regulation target of the whole station, setting the power target value of the power generation unit corresponding to the sequence 1 as the current power value, and carrying out secondary response;
(b) and setting a secondary response power regulation target value, distributing the target value to the power generation unit corresponding to the sequence 2, and completing all primary frequency modulation response actions.
In the primary frequency modulation optimization control method of the new energy power station, a difference value between a power regulation target value corresponding to a frequency difference and a primary response power regulation change value is taken as a secondary response power regulation target value.
In the primary frequency modulation optimization control method of the new energy power station, a secondary response power adjustment target value is immediately issued to each power generation unit corresponding to the sequence 2 after primary response is finished.
In the primary frequency modulation optimization control method of the new energy power station, the upper frequency modulation strategy in the primary frequency modulation response action is as follows:
Figure BDA0003267734510000021
Piz=max(Pimax,Pi)-Pi
Figure BDA0003267734510000022
k is a sample photovoltaic array/fan type number corresponding to the ith photovoltaic array/fan;
Mk-number of all sample panels photovoltaic arrays/fans of type number k;
Pjmax-the actual active power of the jth sample plate photovoltaic array/fan with type number k;
Pit-control target values assigned to each photovoltaic array/fan;
Pi-real-time active power of each photovoltaic array/fan during distribution calculation;
Pimax-the photovoltaic array is based on the current lighting/wind sufficiencyThe maximum generating power of the fan;
Pizeach photovoltaic array/fan can increase the active power value;
ΔPa-total station active power adjustment (primary frequency modulation control target value minus total station real time active power value).
In the primary frequency modulation optimization control method of the new energy power station, the lower frequency modulation strategy in the primary frequency modulation response action is as follows:
Figure BDA0003267734510000031
Pit-a power target value assigned to each photovoltaic array/fan;
Pi-distributing the active power of each photovoltaic array/fan during calculation;
ΔPa-the whole station active power adjustment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, before customizing the primary frequency modulation control strategy and method, a new energy station power rapid adjustment test is carried out in advance, and all power generation units are grouped according to the actual power response capacity, so that the detailed mastering of the frequency modulation supporting capacity of different power generation units in the station is facilitated.
2. The power generation unit corresponding to the sequence 1 is preferentially selected to perform frequency modulation response, high-quality resources in the station are mobilized, the advantage of high power response speed of the sequence 1 is fully exerted, and the improvement of the power response and adjustment speed of the whole station is facilitated.
3. And after the output of the power generation unit in the sequence 1 is finished, the power adjustment target value corresponding to the frequency difference and the difference value of the primary response power adjustment change value are taken as secondary response target values and sent to the power generation unit in the sequence 2, so that all resources of the whole station can be fully utilized to complete all frequency modulation actions, and finally the power response target value is reached.
4. The power distribution strategy in the primary frequency modulation device of the new energy station adopts different strategies for power adjustment corresponding to the upper frequency modulation and the lower frequency modulation, and the quick response requirements under different characteristics of the upper frequency modulation and the lower frequency modulation can be met.
5. The new energy primary frequency modulation optimization control method provided by the invention is realized without adding and modifying equipment and hardware, only the control strategy and method in the original primary frequency modulation device are required to be modified, and the realization cost of the optimization control method is extremely low.
6. The invention can effectively improve the response speed of the primary frequency modulation of the new energy station, meet the requirement of the power grid auxiliary service to the maximum extent, avoid the examination loss caused by unqualified primary frequency modulation and improve the comprehensive operation income of the new energy station.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a general guide diagram of a photovoltaic area of a photovoltaic power station.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an inversion and boosting integrated device of a certain photovoltaic power station.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an angle-adjustable photovoltaic panel of a certain photovoltaic power station.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the active-frequency droop characteristic of the primary frequency modulation function.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
And (I) dividing all the power generation units into two sequences according to the power response speed through a new energy station power quick adjustment test.
And (4) respectively carrying out a power rapid adjustment test (carrying out a large-amplitude power step response test) on each power generation unit in the new energy station, and verifying the power response capability. The wind power plant power generation unit is a single fan, and the photovoltaic power station power generation unit is a single photovoltaic array.
Taking the case that the national power is put into a certain photovoltaic power station, the installed capacity 245MWp of the station adopts a scheme of block power generation and centralized grid connection, and the utilization hours of the station in each design year are 1492.12 h. The photovoltaic field equipment is collected to 9 collecting lines and sent to a booster station, and the booster station comprises 116 photovoltaic power generation units and a matched box-type transformer 116.
The specific experimental process is as follows:
the method comprises the steps that power is reduced by utilizing an AGC device background of a station on the basis of free power generation of each power generation unit according to 20% rated capacity, power up adjustment and power down adjustment instructions are issued once respectively, the issued instructions position 10% of the rated capacity of the current power generation unit, relevant indexes (response lag time and power adjustment speed) are calculated from the instruction issuing moment, the response speed is high (specific indexes are according to the above description), and the other indexes are counted into a sequence I and a sequence 2.
The grouping results are as follows:
through experimental verification, the total number of the photovoltaic power generation units (mainly x is the first brand photovoltaic inverter power generation unit) in the sequence 1 is 50, and the total number of the photovoltaic power generation units (mainly x light and x brand-variable photovoltaic inverter power generation units) in the sequence 2 is 66.
And (II) monitoring the bus grid-connected point frequency of the station in real time by a primary frequency modulation device in the new energy station, and triggering primary frequency modulation response action when the frequency change exceeds a dead zone set by the primary frequency modulation of the new energy.
(a) Distributing a power regulation instruction corresponding to the total-station frequency response to a power generation unit corresponding to the sequence 1; if the adjustment target of the whole station is reached, finishing the primary frequency modulation response action; and if the power value does not reach the regulation target of the whole station, setting the power target value of the power generation unit corresponding to the sequence 1 as the current power value, and performing secondary response.
Because the new energy station does not have a power up-regulation space under the general condition, different strategies are adopted for power regulation corresponding to up-regulation and down-regulation in the power distribution strategy of the primary frequency modulation device of the new energy station.
The upper frequency modulation strategy is as follows:
Figure BDA0003267734510000051
Piz=max(Pimax,Pi)-Pi
Figure BDA0003267734510000052
k is a sample photovoltaic array/fan type number corresponding to the ith photovoltaic array/fan;
Mk-number of all sample panels photovoltaic arrays/fans of type number k;
Pjmax-the actual active power of the jth sample plate photovoltaic array/fan with type number k;
Pit-control target values assigned to each photovoltaic array/fan;
Pi-real-time active power of each photovoltaic array/fan during distribution calculation;
Pimax-maximum generated power of photovoltaic array/wind turbine under current lighting/wind sufficiency conditions;
Pizeach photovoltaic array/fan can increase the active power value;
ΔPa-total station active power adjustment.
The lower frequency adjustment strategy is:
Figure BDA0003267734510000053
Pit-a power target value assigned to each photovoltaic array/fan;
Pi-distributing the active power of each photovoltaic array/fan during calculation;
ΔPa-the whole station active power adjustment.
Specifically, the real-time active power of the pre-test station is 198.24MW, the frequency generation device is used for respectively giving the simulation frequency of 50.20Hz, and the power-24.5 MW which should be adjusted is calculated through the following active-frequency droop characteristic curve function. And carrying out primary response according to the frequency modulation strategy, wherein the response lag time is 0.36s, and the real-time active power is 180.36MW after the primary response is finished.
Figure BDA0003267734510000061
fd-a primary frequency modulation dead zone setpoint;
fN-system nominal frequency (50 Hz);
PN-new energy station rated power;
P0-an initial value of active power;
delta% -difference adjustment rate.
A schematic diagram of the functional-frequency droop characteristic of the primary frequency modulation function is shown in fig. 5, in which:
k1-primary frequency modulation up-regulation of power limit coefficient;
k2-a primary frequency modulation down-regulation power limit coefficient;
kmin-primary frequency modulation adjusting the total power lower limit coefficient.
(b) And setting a secondary response power regulation target value, distributing the target value to the power generation unit corresponding to the sequence 2, and completing all primary frequency modulation response actions.
And taking the difference value between the power regulation target value corresponding to the frequency difference and the primary response power regulation change value as a secondary response power regulation target value.
PIIt=Pt-PI
Pt-a total station frequency modulation corresponding power target value;
PI-adjusting the actual value in response to the power;
PIIt-the secondary response power adjustment target value.
And the secondary response power regulation target value is issued to each power generation unit corresponding to the sequence 2 at the moment when the primary response is finished.
Specifically, according to the strategy setting, the system issues the secondary response adjustment target value of-6.62 MW to the power generation unit corresponding to the sequence 2, and the total-station active response is completed. The response took a total of 3.64 s.
(III) the correctness and the superiority of the invention are verified through a primary frequency modulation test of the new energy station
The test was carried out without the above-described optimization control method, and the response lag time of the test was 0.45s and the response time was 4.82 s.
Through the analysis of the test results, compared with the primary frequency modulation test results which do not adopt the optimization control method, the advantage that the adjustment speed of the power generation units in the station is high can be utilized on the basis of not sacrificing the whole adjustment amplitude, and the response lag time and the adjustment time of the primary frequency modulation in the whole station are effectively shortened.

Claims (10)

1. A primary frequency modulation optimization control method of a new energy power station is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) dividing all the power generation units into two sequences according to the power response speed through a new energy station power rapid adjustment test;
(2) a primary frequency modulation device in the new energy station monitors the bus grid-connected point frequency of the station in real time, when the frequency change crosses a dead zone set by the new energy primary frequency modulation, a primary frequency modulation response action is triggered, and the response action is carried out firstly according to a sequence with high power response speed and then carried out after a slow sequence;
(3) and when the total station power reaches the target value, finishing the primary frequency modulation response action.
2. The primary frequency modulation optimization control method of the new energy power station as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), a power rapid adjustment test is performed on each power generation unit in the new energy station, and the power generation units are divided according to the power response speed of the power generation units, wherein the power generation unit with the higher response speed is in sequence 1, and the rest are in sequence 2.
3. The primary frequency modulation optimization control method of the new energy power station as claimed in claim 2, wherein the response speed is fasterCalculating power response within 0.5s from the starting moment of the frequency step, wherein the power regulation speed of the photovoltaic power generation unit is greater than 2.5% Pn/s, and the power regulation speed of the wind power generation unit is greater than 1.5% Pn/s; pnThe current rated capacity of the power generation unit.
4. The primary frequency modulation optimization control method of the new energy power station as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step (1), the wind power generation unit is a single fan, and the photovoltaic power generation unit is a single photovoltaic array.
5. The primary frequency modulation optimization control method of the new energy power station as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step (2), the dead zone set by the new energy primary frequency modulation is 0.05 Hz.
6. The primary frequency modulation optimization control method of the new energy power station as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the step (2), the primary frequency modulation response action specifically includes the following steps:
(a) distributing a power regulation instruction corresponding to the total-station frequency response to a power generation unit corresponding to the sequence 1; if the adjustment target of the whole station is reached, finishing the primary frequency modulation response action; if the power value does not reach the regulation target of the whole station, setting the power target value of the power generation unit corresponding to the sequence 1 as the current power value, and carrying out secondary response;
(b) and setting a secondary response power regulation target value, distributing the target value to the power generation unit corresponding to the sequence 2, and completing all primary frequency modulation response actions.
7. The primary frequency modulation optimization control method of the new energy power station as claimed in claim 6, wherein a difference value between a power regulation target value corresponding to the frequency difference and a primary response power regulation variation value is taken as a secondary response power regulation target value.
8. The primary frequency modulation optimization control method of the new energy power station as claimed in claim 7, wherein the secondary response power adjustment target value is issued to each power generation unit corresponding to the sequence 2 immediately after the primary response is finished.
9. The primary frequency modulation optimization control method of the new energy power station as claimed in claim 8, wherein in the primary frequency modulation response action, the up-modulation strategy is:
Figure FDA0003267734500000021
Piz=max(Pimax,Pi)-Pi
Figure FDA0003267734500000022
k is a sample photovoltaic array/fan type number corresponding to the ith photovoltaic array/fan;
Mk-number of all sample panels photovoltaic arrays/fans of type number k;
Pjmax-the actual active power of the jth sample plate photovoltaic array/fan with type number k;
Pit-control target values assigned to each photovoltaic array/fan;
Pi-real-time active power of each photovoltaic array/fan during distribution calculation;
Pimax-maximum generated power of photovoltaic array/wind turbine under current lighting/wind sufficiency conditions;
Pizeach photovoltaic array/fan can increase the active power value;
ΔPa-total station active power adjustment.
10. The primary frequency modulation optimization control method of the new energy power station as claimed in claim 9, wherein in the primary frequency modulation response action, the down-modulation strategy is:
Figure FDA0003267734500000023
Pit-a power target value assigned to each photovoltaic array/fan;
Pi-distributing the active power of each photovoltaic array/fan during calculation;
ΔPa-the whole station active power adjustment.
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CN116365553A (en) * 2023-06-01 2023-06-30 三峡智控科技有限公司 Wind farm rapid frequency response control method and system

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CN111555307A (en) * 2020-04-29 2020-08-18 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 Method for photovoltaic power station to participate in regional power grid frequency adjustment

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