CN105978043A - Multi-inverter active power control method for photovoltaic power station - Google Patents
Multi-inverter active power control method for photovoltaic power station Download PDFInfo
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- CN105978043A CN105978043A CN201610475311.2A CN201610475311A CN105978043A CN 105978043 A CN105978043 A CN 105978043A CN 201610475311 A CN201610475311 A CN 201610475311A CN 105978043 A CN105978043 A CN 105978043A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
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- H02J3/383—
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/20—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications using renewable energy
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
- Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a control method of multi-inverter power output for a photovoltaic power station. The method comprises the following steps: determining a sample inverter by an operation factory so as to determine an upper limit and a lower limit of each inverter output power; dividing the inverters into slow response inverters and fast response inverters according to the response speed, and only performing operation on the fast inverters; setting an upper limit judgment loop of an active power scheduling instruction, and modifying the active power scheduling instruction; setting a power regulating dead area judgment loop; setting a power balance mechanism, and firstly enabling the fast response inverters to mainly bear the power regulating task when the regulating instruction is changed, so that the output power of the photovoltaic power station fast approaches to the regulating instruction; and meanwhile, regulating the slow inverters using the power reference value which is same as that of the fast inverters; and dynamically balancing the power regulating tack between two types of inverters. Through the adoption of the method disclosed by the invention, the active power output of the photovoltaic power station can be fast and accurately regulated, and the method is capable of responding to the subsequent adjusting task.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to new forms of energy photovoltaic generation, dispatching of power netwoks technical field, be that one can realize photovoltaic plant active power and exports quickly, accurately adjust
The control method of joint.
Background technology
In recent years, with photovoltaic and wind-powered electricity generation, the development and utilization of the new forms of energy as representative is increasingly paid attention to by various countries.Photovoltaic generation is by solar energy resources
Restriction, there is the feature of randomness, intermittence, periodicity and undulatory property, along with the quick growth of photovoltaic plant installed capacity, it is to electric power
The impact of system is the most increasing.In order to reduce the grid-connected impact causing electrical network of large-scale photovoltaic, State Grid Corporation of China issued in May, 2011
In " photovoltaic plant accesses electric power network technique regulation ", " big-and-middle-sized photovoltaic plant should be equipped with meritorious power control system to regulation, possesses active power regulation energy
Power.It is able to receive that and automatically performs the control instruction that the active power that traffic department sends changes, it is ensured that active power and active power change according to electricity
The requirement of power traffic department runs ".
The active power controller of photovoltaic plant can make meritorious the exerting oneself of photovoltaic plant accurately follow the tracks of dispatching of power netwoks value, and reduces photovoltaic plant to electrical network
Impact.At present, unified regulation carried out during carrying out power distribution by inverter by photovoltaic plant active power controller strategy, with simple average
The method of salary distribution processes the power adjustments task of photovoltaic plant, not the difference of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter response characteristic in consideration photovoltaic plant, and there is not yet
To the document carrying out power distribution research for photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter response characteristic difference.But, in actual light overhead utility, due to building of photovoltaic plant
If the impact of the factors such as duration and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter manufacturer, product type, the response characteristic of inverter there are differences, and this makes photovoltaic plant
The meritorious governing speed of interior inverter is different, and active power regulation instruction can be made quickly response by some inverters, and some inverters then respond
Speed is slower.If only process the power adjustments problem of photovoltaic plant by simple equalitarian distribution method, the regulating time that will necessarily make active power is long,
And then cause photovoltaic plant entirety active power regulation speed to slow down.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide and a kind of be applicable to the photovoltaic plant multi-inverter active power controller method for large and medium-sized photovoltaic plant.This
The difference of response characteristic between bright consideration inverter, makes full use of the feature quickly responding inverter fast response time, to realize photovoltaic plant wattful power
Rate quick, accurately regulate, and the regulating power of this part inverter can be retained to tackle subsequent adjustment task.Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of photovoltaic plant multi-inverter active power controller method, comprises the following steps:
(1) being run producer by photovoltaic plant and specify a model inverter MIV, to determine the value and power reference scope of single inverter, MIV is always
Export with maximum predicted power, and only relevant with illumination, temperature, setup parameter includes: MIV maximum predicted power Pmiv_max;MIV minimum opens
Kinetic power Pmiv_min;Provide remaining each inverter power reference value Pi_ref;
For each remaining inverter, work as Pi_refMore than Pmiv_max, by Pi_refIt is set as Pmiv_max;Work as Pi_refLess than Pmiv_min, by Pi_refSet
For Pmiv_minOr this inverter is excised;
(2) according to response speed speed remaining inverter is divided into two classes:
1) slow response inverter: such inverter put into operation does not the most do start stop operation
2) quickly respond inverter: when inverter quantity is adjusted in needs are to photovoltaic plant, change the quantity that puts into operation of this type of inverter
(3) the active power controller system installed in photovoltaic plant receives active power dispatch command or local active power dispatch command Psch, by letter
Quantity and the running state information of all kinds of inverters collected by breath collecting device;
(4) the meritorious power dispatching instruction upper limit is set and judges link, to active power dispatch command PschIt is modified
By to PschGain merit capacity P with photovoltaic plantmaxCompare, it is judged that whether power adjustments exceeds the meritorious output upper limit of photovoltaic plant.When
PschMore than Pmax, by PschIt is limited in Pmax, proceed subsequent power regulation;Work as PschLess than Pmax, carry out follow-up according to given regulating command
Power adjustments;
(5) power adjustments dead band is set and judges link
By the P that step (4) is obtainedschWith current PCC point actual power output valve PoutCompare, obtain photovoltaic plant power adjustments poor
Value △ P, when △ P is more than power adjustments dead band setting value Pdeadzone, continue power adjustments;When △ P is less than Pdeadzone, no longer carry out power adjustments;
(6) 1min and 10min active power rate of change limiting element is set, is calculated regulation value and power reference P of this control periodic light overhead utilityref,
Setup parameter includes: photovoltaic plant 1min and 10min active power of output maxima and minima P in the past1_min、P1_max、P10_min、P10_max,
Photovoltaic plant 1min and 10min active power rate of change maximum limit △ P1、△P10;
1) photovoltaic plant 1min active power rate of change is limited: work as PschMore than P1_min+△P1, set Psch=P1_min+△P1;Work as Psch
Less than P1_max-△P1, set Psch=P1_max-△P1;When other scopes, set PschKeep initial value constant;
2) photovoltaic plant 10min active power rate of change is limited: work as PschMore than P10_min+△P10, set Psch=P10_min+△P10;When
PschLess than P10_max-△P10, set Psch=P10_max-△P10;When other scopes, set PschKeep initial value constant;
Power adjustments reference value P of this control periodic light overhead utility is obtained by above-mentioned stepsref;
(7) power-balance mechanism is set, mainly includes two parts:
1) value and power reference quickly responding inverter that calculating plan puts into operation
This control cycle internal power is regulated reference value PrefIn beyond MIV output Pmiv_maxExert oneself P with slow response inverter1Part conduct
Quickly respond the regulation desired value of inverter, calculate plan input quantity N and value and power reference P of quickly response inverterpref;
2) dynamic equilibrium of two class inverter power outputs
In order to retain the regulating power of quickly response inverter reply subsequent power regulation task, during photovoltaic plant active power regulation, with soon
The value and power reference regulation slow response inverter that speed response inverter is identical, so can quickly meet regulating command in the output of photovoltaic plant power
On the basis of, it is achieved regulating command dynamic equilibrium between two class inverters.
(8) according to this control periodic light overhead utility power adjustments reference value P obtained in step (6)ref, utilize power-balance mechanism in step (7) to calculate meter
Draw quickly response inverter quantity and the value and power reference of every inverter put into operation, make photovoltaic plant on inverter power reference value meets
Lower limit puts into minimal number of inverter in the case of requiring;
(9) the quickly response inverter put into operation in photovoltaic plant is adjusted by the inverter quantity obtained according to step (8), and by inverter power
Reference value distributes to every inverter put into operation;
(10) judging whether the output of photovoltaic plant power reaches command value requirement, if not up to requirement, then repeating above-mentioned steps (3)~(9), if reaching
To requiring, then photovoltaic plant is kept to exert oneself constant until next regulating command arrives.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 photovoltaic plant three-phase grid-connected generating system topological diagram
Fig. 2 photovoltaic plant active power controller system schematic
Fig. 3 upper limit judges link flow chart
Fig. 4 regulates dead band and judges link flow chart
Fig. 5 active power rate of change limiting element flow chart
Fig. 6 value and power reference calculation flow chart
The implication of each label in accompanying drawing and in word:
MIV is model inverter, PV1~PV4 is inverter;
PrefPower adjustments reference value for this control periodic light overhead utility;PirefWith PioutIt is respectively the value and power reference of i-th inverter of photovoltaic plant
With output valve;
PschFor power adjustment instruction;PmaxFor photovoltaic plant current power predictive value;
PoutFor photovoltaic plant current power output valve;PdeadzoneFor photovoltaic plant power adjustments dead band setting value;△ P is photovoltaic plant power adjustments
Command value and the difference of power output valve;
P1_min、P1_max、P10_min、P10_maxIt is respectively photovoltaic plant 1min and 10min active power of output maxima and minima in the past;△P1、
△P10Limit for photovoltaic plant 1min and 10min active power rate of change maximum;
P1For inverter current power output valve at a slow speed;Pmiv_maxFor MIV current predictive power, also it is the output of MIV and every inversion
The higher limit of device output;Pmiv_minStart power for MIV is currently minimum, be also the lower limit of every inverter output power;Num_1For throwing
Enter the inverter quantity at a slow speed run;Num_2Quantity for inverter quick in photovoltaic plant;N2The quick inverter quantity put into operation for plan;
Pref_iValue and power reference for separate unit photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter;
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment and referring to the drawings the technical scheme of this invention is described in detail.
The present embodiment as a example by the photovoltaic electric station grid connection electricity generation system topological diagram shown in Fig. 1, a model inverter MIV in figure, a slow response
Inverter, three quick response inverters
(1) photovoltaic plant operation producer passes through station service data or product parameters specifies a runnability to stablize, the inverter conduct of fast response time
Model inverter MIV, MIV always work under peak power pattern, and output is the most relevant with intensity of illumination and temperature, does not receive power adjustments
Instruction, i.e. outwards output is gained merit but is not involved in meritorious regulation;In Fig. 1, MIV is model inverter.The maximum of MIV runs power Pmiv_max,
Little startup power Pmiv_min, and the bound of the output as each operated inverter, when separate unit photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter value and power reference Pref_iIt is more than
MIV maximum predicted power Pmiv_max, by Pi_refIt is set as Pmiv_max;For slow response inverter inverter, value and power reference Pref_iIt is less than
MIV minimum starts power Pmiv_min, by Pref_iIt is set as Pmiv_min, for quickly responding inverter, value and power reference Pref_iLess than MIV
Little startup power Pmiv_minTime this inverter is excised;
(2) according to photovoltaic plant historical data, the inverter outside MIV it is divided into slow response inverter and quickly responds inverter, PV1 in Fig. 1
For slow response inverter, PV2~PV4 is for quickly responding inverter
(3) in photovoltaic plant, active power controller system receives active power dispatch command (Plan Curve or real-time command) or local instruction Psch, logical
Cross information collecting device and collect quantity and the running state information of all kinds of inverters;Power control system structure chart is as shown in Figure 2.Collection information bag
Include power instruction, predicting power of photovoltaic plant, the restriction of photovoltaic plant rate of change, control model, grid-connected point output power, the operation shape of each inverter
State information.
(4) link is judged according to the power upper limit shown in Fig. 3, it is judged that whether regulating command exceeds the output upper limit of photovoltaic plant, to regulating command
It is adjusted: as regulating command PschGain merit capacity P more than photovoltaic plantmax, regulating command is limited in photovoltaic plant and gains merit capacity Pmax, continue
Carry out power adjustments;As regulating command PschGain merit capacity P less than photovoltaic plantmax, carry out power adjustments according to given regulating command value;
(5) link is judged according to the power adjustments dead band shown in Fig. 4, it is judged that whether the regulating command after step (4) adjusts is at current photovoltaic plant
In regulation dead band:
|Psch-Pout| > Pdeadzone, proceed subsequent power regulating step;|Psch-Pout|≤Pdeadzone, exit power adjustments;
(6) according to the photovoltaic plant 1min shown in Fig. 5 and 10min active power rate of change limiting element flow chart, photovoltaic plant this control cycle is made
Regulation reference value meet the rate of change that state's network mark standard specifies and limit:
1) photovoltaic plant 1min active power rate of change is limited:
Psch> P1_min+△P1, set Psch=P1_min+△P1;Psch< P1_max-△P1, set Psch=P1_max-△P1;P1_max-△P1< Psch
< P1_min+△P1, set Psch=Psch, then by command value P after this successive stepschIt is input to 10min rate of change limiting element
2) photovoltaic plant 1min active power rate of change is limited:
Psch> P1_min+△P1, set Psch=P1_min+△P1;Psch< P1_max-△P1, set Psch=P1_max-△P1;P1_max-△P1< Psch
< P1_min+△P1, set Psch=Psch.Command value P that will adjust through this stepschRegulation reference value P as photovoltaic plant this control cycleref,
I.e. Psch=Pref;
(7) according to power-balance mechanism,
1) by regulation reference value P in this control cyclerefIn exert oneself P beyond MIVmiv_maxExert oneself P with PV11Part is as the regulation of PV2~PV4
Desired value, passes through formulaCalculate PprefAnd make PprefMeet Pmiv_min≤Ppref≤Pmiv_maxPV2~PV4
Minimum input quantity N2;
2) make the inverter power reference value holding put into operation in PV1 with PV2~PV4 identical, i.e. P1_ref=P2_ref, P1_refFor PV1 power
Reference value, P2_refFor the inverter power reference value put into operation in PV2~PV4;
By step 1), first by quickly responding inverter PV2~PV4 and mainly undertake the power adjustments task of photovoltaic plant, make photovoltaic plant export
Power can be at short notice close to regulating command, due to step 2) make PV1 identical with the reference value of quick inverter, so entering along with regulation
OK, PV1 exerts oneself P1Can change, therefore PprefAlso can be adjusted, inverter and the quick inverter put into operation at a slow speed in such photovoltaic plant
Between exert oneself and can carry out dynamic equilibrium, during to final stable state, two classes PV1 are identical with the inverter output power holding put into operation in PV2~PV4;
(8) according to the formula calculated in step (7) and condition, input quantity and the power reference of each operated inverter of this control cycle inverter are calculated
Value:
1) by quantity N of quick inverter2Start to increase successively from 1, until meeting Ppref≤Pmiv_max;
2) again to N2Value is adjusted, until meeting Ppref≥Pmiv_min;
3) N is judged2Quantity N of quick inverter in whether exceeding photovoltaic plantum_2If, beyond, the most quickly inverter is put into operation;If value
Have been reduced to 1, then by quick inverter complete resection, only slow response inverter participates in regulation, utilizes formulaMeter
Calculate the value and power reference of inverter the most at a slow speed, then be adjusted making to meet P to itmiv_min≤Pref_i≤Pmiv_max;
4) according to the N after adjusting2CalculateThen it is adjusted making to meet to it
Pmiv_min≤Pref_i≤Pmiv_max;
(9) quantity quickly responding inverter put into operation in photovoltaic plant, the switching feelings to PV2~PV4 are adjusted according to step (8) result of calculation
Condition is adjusted, and value and power reference is distributed to the inverter put into operation;
(10) judge whether the output of photovoltaic plant power reaches regulating command requirement by power control system, if not, proceed step (3)~(9)
Until reaching regulating command or new regulating command arrival.
Claims (1)
1. a photovoltaic plant multi-inverter active power controller method, the step including following:
(1) being run producer by photovoltaic plant and specify a model inverter MIV, to determine the value and power reference scope of single inverter, MIV is always
Export with maximum predicted power, and only relevant with illumination, temperature, setup parameter includes: MIV maximum predicted power Pmiv_max;MIV minimum opens
Kinetic power Pmiv_min;Provide remaining each inverter power reference value Pi_ref;
For each remaining inverter, work as Pi_refMore than Pmiv_max, by Pi_refIt is set as Pmiv_max;Work as Pi_refLess than Pmiv_min, by Pi_refSet
For Pmiv_minOr this inverter is excised;
(2) according to response speed speed remaining inverter is divided into two classes:
1) slow response inverter: such inverter put into operation does not the most do start stop operation
2) quickly respond inverter: when inverter quantity is adjusted in needs are to photovoltaic plant, change the quantity that puts into operation of this type of inverter
(3) the active power controller system installed in photovoltaic plant receives active power dispatch command or local active power dispatch command Psch, by letter
Quantity and the running state information of all kinds of inverters collected by breath collecting device;
(4) the meritorious power dispatching instruction upper limit is set and judges link, to active power dispatch command PschIt is modified
By to PschGain merit capacity P with photovoltaic plantmaxCompare, it is judged that whether power adjustments exceeds the meritorious output upper limit of photovoltaic plant.When
PschMore than Pmax, by PschIt is limited in Pmax, proceed subsequent power regulation;Work as PschLess than Pmax, carry out follow-up according to given regulating command
Power adjustments;
(5) power adjustments dead band is set and judges link
By the P that step (4) is obtainedschWith current PCC point actual power output valve PoutCompare, obtain photovoltaic plant power adjustments poor
Value △ P, when △ P is more than power adjustments dead band setting value Pdeadzone, continue power adjustments;When △ P is less than Pdeadzone, no longer carry out power adjustments;
(6) 1min and 10min active power rate of change limiting element is set, is calculated regulation value and power reference P of this control periodic light overhead utilityref,
Setup parameter includes: photovoltaic plant 1min and 10min active power of output maxima and minima P in the past1_min、P1_max、P10_min、P10_max,
Photovoltaic plant 1min and 10min active power rate of change maximum limit △ P1、△P10;
1) photovoltaic plant 1min active power rate of change is limited: work as PschMore than P1_min+△P1, set Psch=P1_min+△P1;Work as Psch
Less than P1_max-△P1, set Psch=P1_max-△P1;When other scopes, set PschKeep initial value constant;
2) photovoltaic plant 10min active power rate of change is limited: work as PschMore than P10_min+△P10, set Psch=P10_min+△P10;When
PschLess than P10_max-△P10, set Psch=P10_max-△P10;When other scopes, set PschKeep initial value constant;
Power adjustments reference value P of this control periodic light overhead utility is obtained by above-mentioned stepsref;
(7) power-balance mechanism is set, mainly includes two parts:
1) value and power reference quickly responding inverter that calculating plan puts into operation
This control cycle internal power is regulated reference value PrefIn beyond MIV output Pmiv_maxExert oneself P with slow response inverter1Part conduct
Quickly respond the regulation desired value of inverter, calculate plan input quantity N and value and power reference P of quickly response inverterpref;
2) dynamic equilibrium of two class inverter power outputs
In order to retain the regulating power of quickly response inverter reply subsequent power regulation task, during photovoltaic plant active power regulation, with soon
The value and power reference regulation slow response inverter that speed response inverter is identical, so can quickly meet regulating command in the output of photovoltaic plant power
On the basis of, it is achieved regulating command dynamic equilibrium between two class inverters.
(8) according to this control periodic light overhead utility power adjustments reference value P obtained in step (6)ref, utilize power-balance mechanism in step (7) to calculate meter
Draw quickly response inverter quantity and the value and power reference of every inverter put into operation, make photovoltaic plant on inverter power reference value meets
Lower limit puts into minimal number of inverter in the case of requiring;
(9) the quickly response inverter put into operation in photovoltaic plant is adjusted by the inverter quantity obtained according to step (8), and by inverter power
Reference value distributes to every inverter put into operation;
(10) judging whether the output of photovoltaic plant power reaches command value requirement, if not up to requirement, then repeating above-mentioned steps (3)~(9), if reaching
To requiring, then photovoltaic plant is kept to exert oneself constant until next regulating command arrives.
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