CN106571646A - Dynamic active power frequency modulation method and apparatus of photovoltaic power generation system - Google Patents
Dynamic active power frequency modulation method and apparatus of photovoltaic power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 80
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
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- H02J3/385—
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and more particularly to a dynamic active power frequency modulation method and apparatus of a photovoltaic power generation system. The method comprises: calculating the current maximum output power of a photovoltaic cell module of the photovoltaic power generation system by using a maximum power point tracking unit and the configuration data of the photovoltaic cell module; leaving a preset margin between the total target power value to be issued by the current system and the maximum output power by using a power limiting unit; when the grid frequency is lower than a preset first low-frequency threshold, increasing the active power of the system by increasing the output power of the power limiting unit; when the power grid frequency is higher than a preset first high-frequency threshold, reducing the active power of the system. The method and apparatus achieve grid primary frequency modulation by increasing or decreasing the active power of the photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system having multi-path MPPT.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and in particular to a kind of active frequency modulation method of photovoltaic generating system dynamic and
Device.
Background technology
The primary frequency function of traditional electrical network is mainly by synchronous alternating-current generator complete independently, and grid-connected photovoltaic system
（As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Fig. 3）As photovoltaic virtual synchronous electromotor, it is whole it is grid-connected during at present and be not involved in power grid frequency modulation
Process, with domestic photovoltaic plant scale be gradually increased and photovoltaic plant total installation of generating capacity raising year by year, photovoltaic installation
The ratio that capacity accounts for electrical network total capacity is increasing, and in indivedual areas the generating capacity shared by traditional energy has been even more than, this
So that grid-connected photovoltaic system participates in primary frequency regulation of power network process and becomes a kind of inexorable trend.When fluctuating occurs in mains frequency
When, grid-connected photovoltaic system should be able to jointly realize primary frequency modulation by adjusting its active output with synchronous alternating-current generator
Function.
Traditional centralized grid-connected photovoltaic system is as shown in figure 1, generally include photovoltaic cell（PV）Component, conflux dress
Put, inversion unit, such grid-connected photovoltaic system performs MPPT maximum power point tracking by inversion unit（Max Power Point
Tracking, hereinafter referred to as MPPT）, the MPPT quantity of every inversion unit is generally 1-4.
The photovoltaic generating system of group string data is as shown in Figure 2, it is characterised in that by MPPT and inversion（DC/AC）Unit is integrated into
One device, and whole device follow PV components dispersion be installed to different positions, it is characterised in that distribution tracking, be distributed it is inverse
Become, the MPPT quantity per table apparatus is generally more than 2.
Collecting and distributing type photovoltaic generating system is as shown in figure 3, include combining inverter, collecting and distributing type header box and PV components, it is special
Levy is distribution tracking, concentration inversion.Wherein, collecting and distributing type header box performs MPPT and DC/DC boost functions, and follows PV components
Dispersion is installed to different positions, and the MPPT quantity in each collecting and distributing type header box is generally more than 2.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to propose a kind of active frequency modulation method of photovoltaic generating system dynamic and device, can make to possess
The grid-connected photovoltaic system of multichannel MPPT realizes primary frequency regulation of power network by increasing or decreasing active power.
It is that, up to this purpose, the present invention is employed the following technical solutions：
As one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of photovoltaic generating system active frequency modulation method of dynamic, the photovoltaic generation
System includes：Least one set photovoltaic cell component, at least one inversion unit, at least one MPPT maximum power point tracking unit and extremely
Few limit power cell, methods described includes：
By the configuration data of photovoltaic cell component in MPPT maximum power point tracking unit and system, the current photovoltaic cell of computing system
The maximum exportable power of component；
Current system is set to need to be stayed between the general objective performance number for sending and the maximum exportable power by limiting power cell
There is default allowance；
When mains frequency is less than default first low frequency threshold value, by improving the output of the limit power cell system is improved
The active power of system；
When mains frequency is higher than default first high frequency threshold value, the active power of system is reduced.
As another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of photovoltaic generating system active frequency modulation device of dynamic, the light
Photovoltaic generating system includes：Least one set photovoltaic cell component, at least one inversion unit, at least one MPPT maximum power point tracking list
Unit and at least one limit power cell, described device includes：
Peak power computing module, for by the configuration number of photovoltaic cell component in MPPT maximum power point tracking unit and system
According to the maximum exportable power of the current photovoltaic cell component of computing system；
Limit power model, makes current system need the general objective performance number for sending exportable with the maximum by limiting power cell
Default allowance is left between power；
Low frequency adjusting module, for when mains frequency is less than default first low frequency threshold value, by improving the limit power list
The output of unit improves the active power of system；
High frequency adjusting module, for when mains frequency is higher than default first high frequency threshold value, reducing the active power of system.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：By the configuration number of photovoltaic cell component in MPPT maximum power point tracking unit and system
According to the maximum exportable power of the current photovoltaic cell component of computing system；Current system is set to need what is sent by limiting power cell
Default allowance is left between general objective performance number and the maximum exportable power；When mains frequency is less than default first low
During frequency threshold value, the active power of system is improved by improving the output of the limit power cell；When mains frequency is higher than pre-
If the first high frequency threshold value when, reduce the active power of system, the present invention makes the grid-connected photovoltaic system that possesses multichannel MPPT
By increasing or decreasing active power, primary frequency regulation of power network is realized.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the centralized grid-connected photovoltaic system schematic diagram of multichannel MPPT in prior art；
Fig. 2 is the group string data grid-connected photovoltaic system schematic diagram of multichannel MPPT in prior art；
Fig. 3 is the collecting and distributing type grid-connected photovoltaic system schematic diagram of multichannel MPPT in prior art；
Fig. 4 is the active frequency modulation method flow chart of a kind of photovoltaic generating system dynamic that the embodiment of the present invention one is provided；
Fig. 5 is the method flow diagram of step S20 in Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 is the method flow diagram of step S23 in Fig. 5；
Fig. 7 is the active frequency modulation device exemplary block diagram of a kind of photovoltaic generating system dynamic that the embodiment of the present invention two is provided；
Fig. 8 is limit power model exemplary block diagram in Fig. 7；
Fig. 9 is allocation unit exemplary block diagram in Fig. 8；
Figure 10 is a kind of centralized photovoltaic generating system schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention three is provided；
Figure 11 is the dynamic active frequency modulation schematic diagram of the centralized photovoltaic generating system that the embodiment of the present invention three is provided；
Figure 12 is a kind of centralized photovoltaic generating system schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention four is provided；
Figure 13 is the dynamic active frequency modulation schematic diagram of the centralized photovoltaic generating system that the embodiment of the present invention four is provided；
Figure 14 is a kind of group string data photovoltaic generating system schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention five is provided；
Figure 15 is the dynamic active frequency modulation schematic diagram of the group string data photovoltaic generating system that the embodiment of the present invention five is provided；
Figure 16 is a kind of group string data photovoltaic generating system schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention six is provided；
Figure 17 is the dynamic active frequency modulation schematic diagram of the group string data photovoltaic generating system that the embodiment of the present invention six is provided；
Figure 18 is a kind of collecting and distributing type photovoltaic generating system schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention seven is provided；
Figure 19 is the dynamic active frequency modulation schematic diagram of the collecting and distributing type photovoltaic generating system that the embodiment of the present invention seven is provided；
Figure 20 is a kind of collecting and distributing type photovoltaic generating system schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention eight is provided；
Figure 21 is the dynamic active frequency modulation schematic diagram of the collecting and distributing type photovoltaic generating system that the embodiment of the present invention eight is provided；
Figure 22 is a kind of collecting and distributing type photovoltaic generating system schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention nine is provided；
Figure 23 is the dynamic active frequency modulation schematic diagram of the collecting and distributing type photovoltaic generating system that the embodiment of the present invention nine is provided.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme is further illustrated with reference to Fig. 4-Figure 23 and by specific embodiment.
Embodiment one
Fig. 4 is the active frequency modulation method flow chart of a kind of photovoltaic generating system dynamic that the present embodiment is provided.
A kind of dynamic active frequency modulation method of photovoltaic generating system, the photovoltaic generating system includes：Least one set photovoltaic electric
Pond component, at least one inversion unit, at least one MPPT maximum power point tracking unit and at least one limit power cell, the side
Method includes：
S10, by the configuration data of photovoltaic cell component in MPPT maximum power point tracking unit and system, the current photovoltaic of computing system
The maximum exportable power of battery component；
S20, by limit power cell make current system need the general objective performance number and the maximum exportable power that send it
Between leave default allowance；
S30, when mains frequency be less than default first low frequency threshold value when, by improve it is described limit power cell output carry
The active power of high system；
S40, when mains frequency be higher than default first high frequency threshold value when, reduce system active power.
In the present embodiment, this method can make the grid-connected photovoltaic system for possessing multichannel MPPT by increasing or decreasing
Active power, realizes primary frequency regulation of power network.
In the present embodiment, the configuration data includes the rated power and quantity of photovoltaic PV components, and photovoltaic PV groups
Whether part correspondence loop can use, trouble-free situation.
In the present embodiment, when mains frequency is less than default second low frequency threshold value, the system failure is shut down.
In the present embodiment, when mains frequency is higher than default second high frequency threshold value, the system failure is shut down.
In the present embodiment, when mains frequency is between 49.00 ~ 50.20Hz, system is normal operation, system output
Active power is constant；Work as mains frequency<49.00Hz（Namely default first low frequency threshold value）When, system should gradually be lifted active
Power；Work as mains frequency<48.03Hz（Namely default second low frequency threshold value）When, system active power reaches current theory most
High-power value, now system reached the maximum capacity of primary frequency modulation；If hereafter, mains frequency continues to decline and beyond correlation
The scope that standard specifies, system failure shutdown；Work as mains frequency>50.20Hz（Namely default first low high frequency threshold value）When, it is
System should start active power of gradually successively decreasing；Work as mains frequency>50.47Hz（Namely default second high frequency threshold value）When, system event
Barrier shutdown.
As shown in figure 5, in the present embodiment, step S20 includes：
S21, according to maximum exportable power, determine default allowance by limiting power policy；
S22, the general objective performance number for needing to send according to default allowance calculating current system；And
S23, general objective performance number is assigned at least one MPPT maximum power point tracking unit and at least one limit power list
Unit, each MPPT maximum power point tracking unit performs maximal power tracing output, and each limit power cell controls corresponding photovoltaic cell group
Part is by the power output distributed.
As shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, step S23 includes：
S231, the power output total value for determining the corresponding photovoltaic cell component of MPPT maximum power point tracking unit, that is, perform maximum work
Rate tracks total output valve；
S232, according to general objective performance number and the total output valve of maximal power tracing is performed, be calculated and total limit performance number；
S233, the configuration data for obtaining the corresponding photovoltaic cell component of limit power cell；
S234, performance number is limited according to acquired configuration data and always, determine each corresponding photovoltaic cell of limit power cell
Component needs the restriction performance number of output；And
S235, the corresponding photovoltaic cell component of the limit power cell are exported according to the restriction performance number of distribution.
In the present embodiment, step S30 is specially：By improving the corresponding photovoltaic module output of limit power cell
Performance number, improves the active power of system.
In the present embodiment, step S40 is specially：By reducing the corresponding photovoltaic module output of limit power cell
Performance number, reduces the active power of system.
In the present embodiment, the adjustment power output of the application is all carried out by limiting power cell, maximum power point
The quantity of tracking cell is constant, and maximal power tracing output is performed always, and limit power cell can be adjusted according to the height of frequency
Whole output.
Used as another kind of embodiment, the quantity of MPPT maximum power point tracking unit can be adjusted, in case there is a need, really
At least MPPT maximum power point tracking unit execution maximal power tracing output all the way is protected, can as needed by other peak powers
Point tracking cell adjusts the power cell that is limited, and performs and limits power output.
In the present embodiment, the photovoltaic generating system is centralized photovoltaic generating system, group string data photovoltaic generating system
Or collecting and distributing type photovoltaic generating system；It is described limit power policy be：According to maximum exportable power, leave and take according to default ratio
Default allowance, obtains the general objective performance number that current system needs to send.
In the present embodiment, the MPPT maximum power point tracking unit is the unit for performing maximal power tracing output, described
Limit power cell is to perform the unit for limiting power output, and the two can be taken on by identical module, such as：Centralized photovoltaic
Centralized inverter or inversion unit in electricity generation system, organizes the group string inverter or inversion list in string data photovoltaic generating system
Unit, the DC/DC moulds in collecting and distributing type inverter, collecting and distributing type header box or collecting and distributing type header box in collecting and distributing type photovoltaic generating system
Block, can serve as MPPT maximum power point tracking unit to perform the function of maximal power tracing output, it is also possible to used as limit power
Unit limits the function of power output to perform, and all can be to be pre-set by system.
Embodiment two
As shown in fig. 7, in the present embodiment, the dynamic active frequency modulation device of a kind of photovoltaic generating system, the photovoltaic generating system
Including：Least one set photovoltaic cell component, at least one inversion unit, at least one MPPT maximum power point tracking unit and at least
Individual limit power cell, described device includes：
Peak power computing module 10, for by the configuration number of photovoltaic cell component in MPPT maximum power point tracking unit and system
According to the maximum exportable power of the current photovoltaic cell component of computing system；
Limit power model 20, makes current system need the general objective performance number that sends can be defeated with the maximum by limiting power cell
Go out between power and leave default allowance；
Low frequency adjusting module 30, for when mains frequency is less than default first low frequency threshold value, by improving the limit power
The output of unit improves the active power of system；
High frequency adjusting module 40, for when mains frequency is higher than default first high frequency threshold value, reducing the active power of system.
In the present embodiment, this method can make the grid-connected photovoltaic system for possessing multichannel MPPT by increasing or decreasing
Active power, realizes primary frequency regulation of power network.
In the present embodiment, when mains frequency is less than default second low frequency threshold value, the system failure is shut down.
In the present embodiment, when mains frequency is higher than default second high frequency threshold value, the system failure is shut down.
In the present embodiment, when mains frequency is between 49.00 ~ 50.20Hz, system is normal operation, system output
Active power is constant；Work as mains frequency<49.00Hz（Namely default first low frequency threshold value）When, system should gradually be lifted active
Power；Work as mains frequency<48.03Hz（Namely default second low frequency threshold value）When, system active power reaches current theory most
High-power value, now system reached the maximum capacity of primary frequency modulation；If hereafter, mains frequency continues to decline and beyond correlation
The scope that standard specifies, system failure shutdown；Work as mains frequency>50.20Hz（Namely default first low high frequency threshold value）When, it is
System should start active power of gradually successively decreasing；Work as mains frequency>50.47Hz（Namely default second high frequency threshold value）When, system event
Barrier shutdown.
As shown in figure 8, in the present embodiment, the limit power model 20 includes：
Allowance computing unit 21, for according to maximum exportable power, by limiting power policy default allowance being determined；
Target power computing unit 22, for calculating the general objective performance number that current system needs to send according to default allowance；
And
Allocation unit 23, for general objective performance number to be assigned at least one MPPT maximum power point tracking unit and at least one
Individual limit power cell, each MPPT maximum power point tracking unit performs maximal power tracing output, and each limit power cell control is corresponding
Photovoltaic cell component is by the power output distributed.
As shown in figure 9, in the present embodiment, the allocation unit 23 includes：
The total output valve computing unit 231 of maximal power tracing is performed, for determining the corresponding photovoltaic of MPPT maximum power point tracking unit
The power output total value of battery component, that is, perform the total output valve of maximal power tracing；
It is total to limit performance number computing unit 232, for according to general objective performance number and the total output valve of execution maximal power tracing, meter
Calculation is always limited performance number；
Configuration data acquiring unit 233, it is corresponding with limit power cell for each MPPT maximum power point tracking unit in acquisition system
Photovoltaic cell component configuration data；
Power distributing unit 234 is limited, for according to acquired configuration data and total restriction performance number, determining each limit power
The corresponding photovoltaic cell component of unit needs the restriction performance number of output；And
Output unit 235, exports for the corresponding photovoltaic cell component of the limit power cell according to the restriction performance number of distribution.
In the present embodiment, the photovoltaic generating system is centralized photovoltaic generating system, group string data photovoltaic generating system
Or collecting and distributing type photovoltaic generating system；It is described limit power policy be：According to maximum exportable power, leave and take according to default ratio
Default allowance, obtains the general objective performance number that current system needs to send.
Embodiment three
In the present embodiment, when the photovoltaic generating system is centralized photovoltaic generating system, inversion unit and peak power
Point tracking cell composition centralized inverter, by least one centralized inverter MPPT maximum power point tracking function is performed, this
When, working-flow is：
The centralized inverter of MPPT maximum power point tracking function will be performed as main frame, the corresponding photovoltaic cell of the main frame is obtained
The total output valve of execution maximal power tracing of component；
The configuration data of the corresponding photovoltaic cell component of all centralized inverters is obtained respectively；
The maximum exportable power of the photovoltaic cell component of current centralized photovoltaic generating system is calculated in real time；
The default allowance is deducted with the maximum exportable power be the general objective performance number that current system needs to send；
The total output valve of execution maximal power tracing is deducted with the general objective performance number, acquisition is not carried out MPPT maximum power point tracking work(
Energy（Perform and limit power functions）Centralized inverter needs limit output total restriction performance number, according to acquired
Configuration data and total restriction power for limiting performance number, determining the corresponding photovoltaic cell component needs output of each limit power cell
Value, the restriction performance number output for limiting the corresponding photovoltaic cell component of power cell according to distribution.
It is as shown in Figure 10 a centralized photovoltaic generating system schematic diagram, whole grid-connected photovoltaic system is by 2 500kw
Centralized inverter composition, its active frequency modulation carried out based on whole grid-connected photovoltaic system.MPPT is by the centralized inversions of #1
Device（Main frame）To complete, under illumination sufficiency, main frame obtains the peak power of correspondence PV components namely holds after MPPT
Total output valve Pmppt=500kw of row maximal power tracing.Just may be used in conjunction with the PV component Configuration situations of other centralized inverters
The current maximum exportable power P max=Pmppt*2=1000kw (remarks of real time computation system：It is assumed that every centralized inverter can
PV components are identical).In the present embodiment, MPPT unit and inversion unit are assembled a dress by #1 centralized inverters
Put.#2 centralized inverters assemble a device by power cell is limited with inversion unit.Need to increase during in view of electrical network under-frequency
Plus grid-connected photovoltaic system active power, the actual active power of system leaves and takes 10%PN（PN：System total rated power）It is abundant
Amount, i.e. Preserve=100kw, general objective performance number Ptarget that system should send is Pmax-Preserve=900kw, is remained
Remaining 1 centralized inverter（#2）Interior limit power cell needs to send total restriction performance number about Ptarget-Pmppt=400kw
Power.
It is as shown in figure 11 the dynamic active frequency modulation schematic diagram of the present embodiment.
When mains frequency is between 49.00 ~ 50.20Hz, system maintains output 900k active power constant；
Work as mains frequency<During 49.00Hz, system starts gradually to lift active power from current power 900kw, especially by Figure 10
#2 centralized inverters realizing；
Work as mains frequency<During 48.03Hz, system active power reaches current theoretical maximum performance number Pmax=1000kw, is now
System has reached the maximum capacity of primary frequency modulation；If hereafter, mains frequency continues to decline and beyond the scope of correlation standard,
Inverter can select failure to shut down.
Work as mains frequency>During 50.20Hz, system starts active power of gradually successively decreasing according to from current power 900kw, specifically
Realized by the #2 centralized inverters of Figure 10；
Work as mains frequency>During 50.47Hz, system active power is reduced to 800kw, if hereafter, mains frequency continues to rise and surpasses
Go out the scope of correlation standard, inverter can select failure to shut down.
Example IV
In the present embodiment, when the photovoltaic generating system is centralized photovoltaic generating system, inversion unit and peak power
Point tracking cell composition centralized inverter, by least one inversion unit MPPT maximum power point tracking function is performed, and now, is
System workflow be：
The inversion unit of MPPT maximum power point tracking function will be performed as main frame, the corresponding photovoltaic cell component of the main frame is obtained
The total output valve of execution maximal power tracing；
The configuration of the corresponding photovoltaic cell component of inversion unit for performing and being not carried out MPPT maximum power point tracking function is obtained respectively
Data；
The maximum exportable power of the photovoltaic cell component of the corresponding centralized inverter of the main frame is calculated in real time；
The default allowance is deducted with the maximum exportable power be the catalogue that current centralized inverter needs to send
Mark performance number；
The execution maximal power tracing of the inversion unit for performing MPPT maximum power point tracking function is deducted with the general objective performance number
Total output valve is total restriction power that the needs of the inversion unit for being not carried out MPPT maximum power point tracking function limit output, according to
Acquired configuration data limits performance number with total, determines that each is not carried out the corresponding photovoltaic cell of MPPT maximum power point tracking function
Component need output restriction performance number, it is described be not carried out the corresponding photovoltaic cell component of MPPT maximum power point tracking function according to point
The restriction performance number output matched somebody with somebody.
It is as shown in figure 12 a centralized photovoltaic generating system schematic diagram, in centralized grid-connected photovoltaic system, by 4
Inversion unit composition 125kw in parallel, its active frequency modulation is carried out based on the centralized photovoltaic generating systems of single 500kw.Select it
In an inversion unit serve as main frame, MPPT functions are completed by main frame.Under illumination sufficiency, main frame is obtained after MPPT
To the peak power namely total output valve Pmppt=125kw of execution maximal power tracing of correspondence PV components.In conjunction with other inversions
The PV component Configurations situation of unit just can the current maximum exportable power P max=Pmppt * 4=500kw of real time computation system
(remarks：It is assumed that the available PV components of other inversion units are identical with main frame).Need to increase light during in view of electrical network under-frequency
Photovoltaic grid-connected system active power, the actual active power of system leaves and takes 10%PN（Unit rated power）Allowance, i.e.,
Preserve=50kw, general objective performance number Ptarget that system should send is Pmax-Preserve=450kw, remaining 3
Inversion unit namely limit power cell need to send total restriction performance number（Ptarget-Pmppt）The power of=325kw, it is average every
Individual inversion unit about 108kw.
It is as shown in figure 13 the dynamic active frequency modulation schematic diagram of the present embodiment.
When mains frequency is between 49.00 ~ 50.20Hz, system maintains output 450kw active power constant；
Work as mains frequency<During 49.00Hz, system starts gradually to lift active power from current power 450kw；
Work as mains frequency<During 48.03Hz, system active power reaches current theoretical maximum performance number Pmax=500kw, is now
System has reached the maximum capacity of primary frequency modulation；If hereafter, mains frequency continues to decline and beyond the scope of correlation standard,
Inverter can select failure to shut down.
Work as mains frequency>During 50.20Hz, system starts active power of gradually successively decreasing from current power 450kw；
Work as mains frequency>During 50.47Hz, system active power is reduced to 400kw, if hereafter, mains frequency continues to rise and surpasses
Go out the scope of correlation standard, inverter can select failure to shut down.
For centralized grid-connected photovoltaic system, MPPT is regardless of by least one centralized inverter device in system
To complete, or completed by least one in multiple inversion units in centralized inverter device, its essence is by limit
Spare capacity of the power mode needed for produce active frequency modulation, therefore essential distinction is had no from this patent angle, belong to this
Bright protection category.
Embodiment five
In the present embodiment, when the photovoltaic generating system for group string data photovoltaic generating system when, inversion unit and peak power
Point tracking cell is grouped string inverter, and by least one group of string inverter MPPT maximum power point tracking function is performed, this
When, working-flow is：
The group string inverter of MPPT maximum power point tracking function will be performed as main frame, the corresponding photovoltaic cell of the main frame is obtained
The total output valve of execution maximal power tracing of component；
Execution is obtained respectively and is not carried out the corresponding photovoltaic cell component of group string inverter of MPPT maximum power point tracking function
Configuration data；
The maximum exportable power of the photovoltaic cell component of current group string data photovoltaic generating system is calculated in real time；
The default allowance is deducted with the maximum exportable power be the general objective performance number that current system needs to send；
The execution peak power of the group string inverter for performing MPPT maximum power point tracking function is deducted with the general objective performance number
Track total restriction that total output valve is the needs restriction output of the group string inverter for being not carried out MPPT maximum power point tracking function
Power, according to acquired configuration data and total restriction performance number, determines that each is not carried out MPPT maximum power point tracking function correspondence
Photovoltaic cell component need output restriction performance number, it is described to be not carried out the corresponding photovoltaic cell of MPPT maximum power point tracking function
Component is exported according to the restriction performance number of distribution.
Be as shown in figure 14 one group of string data photovoltaic generating system schematic diagram, grid-connected photovoltaic system by 2 60kw group
String inverter is constituted, and its active frequency modulation is carried out based on whole grid-connected photovoltaic system.MPPT is by #1 group string inverters（It is main
Machine）To complete, under illumination sufficiency, main frame obtains the peak power of correspondence PV components namely performs most after MPPT
Total output valve Pmppt=60kw of high-power tracking.Just can count in real time in conjunction with the PV component Configurations situation of other group string inverters
The current maximum exportable power P max=Pmppt * 2=120kw (remarks of calculation system：It is assumed that available per platform group string inverter
PV is identical).In the present embodiment, MPPT unit and inversion unit are assembled a device by #1 groups string inverter.#2 groups
String inverter assembles a device by power cell is limited with inversion unit.Need to increase photovoltaic simultaneously during in view of electrical network under-frequency
Net electricity generation system active power, the actual active power of system leaves and takes 10%PN（PN：System total rated power）Allowance, i.e.,
Preserve=12kw, general objective performance number Ptarget that system should send is Pmax-Preserve=108kw, remaining 1
Group string inverter（#2）Needs send total power for limiting performance number about Ptarget-Pmppt=48kw.
It is as shown in figure 15 the dynamic active frequency modulation schematic diagram of the present embodiment.
When mains frequency is between 49.00 ~ 50.20Hz, inverter maintains output 108kw active power constant；
Work as mains frequency<During 49.00Hz, inverter starts gradually to lift active power from current power 108kw；
Work as mains frequency<During 48.03Hz, inverter active power reaches current theoretical maximum performance number Pmax=120kw, now
Inverter has reached the maximum capacity of primary frequency modulation；If hereafter, mains frequency continues to decline and beyond correlation standard
Scope, inverter can select failure to shut down.
Work as mains frequency>During 50.20Hz, inverter starts active power of gradually successively decreasing from current power 108kw；
Work as mains frequency>During 50.47Hz, inverter active power reduces 96kw, if hereafter, mains frequency continues to rise and exceeds
The scope of correlation standard, inverter can select failure to shut down.
Embodiment six
In the present embodiment, when the photovoltaic generating system for group string data photovoltaic generating system when, inversion unit and peak power
Point tracking cell is grouped string inverter, and by least one inversion unit MPPT maximum power point tracking function is performed, and now, is
System workflow be：
The inversion unit of MPPT maximum power point tracking function will be performed as main frame, the corresponding photovoltaic cell component of the main frame is obtained
The total output valve of execution maximal power tracing；
The configuration of the corresponding photovoltaic cell component of inversion unit for performing and being not carried out MPPT maximum power point tracking function is obtained respectively
Data；
The maximum exportable power of the photovoltaic cell component of corresponding group of string inverter of the main frame is calculated in real time；
The default allowance is deducted with the maximum exportable power be the catalogue that current group string inverter needs to send
Mark performance number；
The execution maximal power tracing of the inversion unit for performing MPPT maximum power point tracking function is deducted with the general objective performance number
Total output valve is total restriction power that the needs of the inversion unit for being not carried out MPPT maximum power point tracking function limit output, according to
Acquired configuration data limits performance number with total, determines that each is not carried out the corresponding photovoltaic cell of MPPT maximum power point tracking function
Component need output restriction performance number, it is described be not carried out the corresponding photovoltaic cell component of MPPT maximum power point tracking function according to point
The restriction performance number output matched somebody with somebody.
It is as shown in figure 16 one group of string data photovoltaic generating system schematic diagram, rated power 60kw group string data parallel network power generations
In system, its active frequency modulation is carried out based on single 60kw groups string data photovoltaic generating system, by MPPT maximum power point tracking（MPPT）It is single
Unit/limit power cell is integrated into 1 device with DC/AC inversion units（Group string inverter）, in the present embodiment, organize string data inversion
Contain 1 tunnel MPPT maximum power point tracking in device inside（MPPT）Unit and 3 tunnels limit power cell.
MPPT, 3 tunnels limit power cell are performed by 1 road MPPT unit to perform as a example by limiting power, under illumination sufficiency,
MPPT unit obtains the peak power of correspondence PV components namely performs total output valve Pmppt=of maximal power tracing after MPPT
15kw.Group string inverter combines the PV component Configurations situation of other units and just can in real time calculate current theoretical maximum performance number
Pmax=Pmppt * 4=60kw (remarks：It is assumed that identical per the available PV components of road unit).Need in view of during electrical network under-frequency
Increase grid-connected photovoltaic system active power, the actual active power of system leaves and takes 10%PN（Unit rated power）Allowance,
That is Preserve=6kw, target power value Ptarget that organizing string inverter should send is Pmax-Preserve=54kw, is remained
Remaining 3 units namely limit power cell needs to send and total limits performance number（Ptarget-Pmppt）The power of=39kw, it is average every
The power of individual limit power cell 13kw.
It is as shown in figure 17 the dynamic active frequency modulation schematic diagram of the present embodiment.
When mains frequency is between 49.00 ~ 50.20Hz, inverter maintains output 54kw active power constant；
Work as mains frequency<During 49.00Hz, inverter starts gradually to lift active power from current power 54kw；
Work as mains frequency<During 48.03Hz, inverter active power reaches current theoretical maximum performance number Pmax=60kw, now inverse
Become the maximum capacity that device has reached primary frequency modulation；If hereafter, mains frequency continues to decline and beyond the model of correlation standard
Enclose, inverter can select failure to shut down.
Work as mains frequency>During 50.20Hz, inverter starts active power of gradually successively decreasing from current power 54kw；
Work as mains frequency>During 50.47Hz, inverter active power is reduced to 48kw, if hereafter, mains frequency continues to rise and surpasses
Go out the scope of correlation standard, inverter can select failure to shut down.
For a group string data grid-connected photovoltaic system, MPPT is regardless of by least one group string inverter device in system
To complete, or completed by least one in multiple units in group string inverter device, its essence is by limiting power
Spare capacity of the mode needed for produce active frequency modulation, therefore essential distinction is had no from this patent angle, belong to the present invention's
Protection category.
Embodiment seven
In the present embodiment, when the photovoltaic generating system is collecting and distributing type photovoltaic generating system, MPPT maximum power point tracking unit
It is arranged in collecting and distributing type header box, inversion unit and collecting and distributing type header box constitute collecting and distributing type inverter, collecting and distributing by least one
Formula inverter performs MPPT maximum power point tracking function, and now, working-flow is：
The collecting and distributing type inverter of MPPT maximum power point tracking function will be performed as main frame, the corresponding photovoltaic cell of the main frame is obtained
The total output valve of execution maximal power tracing of component；
Obtain execution respectively and be not carried out the corresponding photovoltaic cell component of collecting and distributing type inverter of MPPT maximum power point tracking function
Configuration data；
The maximum exportable power of the photovoltaic cell component of current collecting and distributing type photovoltaic generating system is calculated in real time；
The default allowance is deducted with the maximum exportable power be the general objective performance number that current system needs to send；
The execution peak power of the collecting and distributing type inverter for performing MPPT maximum power point tracking function is deducted with the general objective performance number
Track total restriction that total output valve is the needs restriction output of the collecting and distributing type inverter for being not carried out MPPT maximum power point tracking function
Power, according to acquired configuration data and total restriction performance number, determines that each is not carried out MPPT maximum power point tracking function correspondence
Photovoltaic cell component need output restriction performance number, it is described to be not carried out the corresponding photovoltaic cell of MPPT maximum power point tracking function
Component is exported according to the restriction performance number of distribution.
It is as shown in figure 18 a collecting and distributing type photovoltaic generating system schematic diagram, grid-connected photovoltaic system is by 2 1000kw's
Collecting and distributing type inverter is constituted, and its active frequency modulation is carried out based on whole grid-connected photovoltaic system.MPPT is by #1 collecting and distributing type inverters
（Header box containing collecting and distributing type）To complete, #1 is main frame.Under illumination sufficiency, main frame obtains correspondence PV groups after MPPT
The peak power namely total output valve Pmppt=1000kw of execution maximal power tracing of part.In conjunction with other collecting and distributing type inverters
PV component Configurations situation just can the current maximum exportable power P max=Pmppt * 2=2000kw (remarks of real time computation system：
It is assumed that the PV component available quantities for accessing every collecting and distributing type inverter are identical).Need to increase photovoltaic during in view of electrical network under-frequency
Grid-connected system active power, the actual active power of system leaves and takes 10%PN（PN：System total rated power）Allowance, i.e.,
Preserve=200kw, general objective performance number Ptarget that system should send is Pmax-Preserve=1800kw, remaining 1
Individual collecting and distributing type inverter（#2）Needs send total power for limiting performance number about Ptarget-Pmppt=800kw.In the present embodiment,
Limit power cell is arranged in collecting and distributing type header box, and inversion unit and collecting and distributing type header box constitute collecting and distributing type inverter（#2）.
It is as shown in figure 19 the dynamic active frequency modulation schematic diagram of the present embodiment.
When mains frequency is between 49.00 ~ 50.20Hz, system maintains output 1800kw active power constant；
Work as mains frequency<During 49.00Hz, system starts gradually to lift active power from current power 1800kw；
Work as mains frequency<During 48.03Hz, system active power reaches current theoretical maximum performance number Pmax=2000kw, is now
System has reached the maximum capacity of primary frequency modulation；If hereafter, mains frequency continues to decline and beyond the scope of correlation standard,
Inverter can select failure to shut down.
Work as mains frequency>50.20Hz when, system starts active power of gradually successively decreasing from current power 1800kw；
Work as mains frequency>During 50.47Hz, system active power is reduced to 1600kw, if hereafter, mains frequency continues to rise and surpasses
Go out the scope of correlation standard, inverter can select failure to shut down.
Embodiment eight
In the present embodiment, when the photovoltaic generating system is collecting and distributing type photovoltaic generating system, MPPT maximum power point tracking unit
It is arranged in collecting and distributing type header box, inversion unit and collecting and distributing type header box constitute collecting and distributing type inverter, collecting and distributing by least one
Formula header box performs MPPT maximum power point tracking function, and now, working-flow is：
The collecting and distributing type header box of MPPT maximum power point tracking function will be performed as main frame, the corresponding photovoltaic cell of the main frame is obtained
The total output valve of execution maximal power tracing of component；
Obtain execution respectively and be not carried out the corresponding photovoltaic cell component of collecting and distributing type header box of MPPT maximum power point tracking function
Configuration data；
The maximum exportable power of the photovoltaic cell component of the corresponding collecting and distributing type inverter of the main frame is calculated in real time；
The default allowance is deducted with the maximum exportable power be the catalogue that current collecting and distributing type inverter needs to send
Mark performance number；
The execution peak power of the collecting and distributing type header box for performing MPPT maximum power point tracking function is deducted with the general objective performance number
Track total restriction that total output valve is the needs restriction output of the collecting and distributing type header box for being not carried out MPPT maximum power point tracking function
Power, according to acquired configuration data and total restriction performance number, determines that each is not carried out MPPT maximum power point tracking function correspondence
Photovoltaic cell component need output restriction performance number, it is described to be not carried out the corresponding photovoltaic cell of MPPT maximum power point tracking function
Component is exported according to the restriction performance number of distribution.
It is as shown in figure 20 a collecting and distributing type photovoltaic generating system schematic diagram, rated power is the parallel network power generation system of 1MW
In system, include 13 square formations and collecting and distributing type header box, each square formation is made up of 16 road PV components, correspondence accesses a collecting and distributing type
Header box, each collecting and distributing type header box includes 4 DC/DC modules and 8 road MPPT, rated power 80kw.Its active frequency modulation is based on
Single grid-connected photovoltaic system is carried out.
With one of collecting and distributing type header box（Hereinafter referred to as No. 1）4 DC/DC modules perform MPPT, remaining 12 collection
Scattered formula header box is performed as a example by limit power, and under illumination sufficiency, after MPPT, output in real time is most for No. 1 collecting and distributing type header box
High-power Pmppt=80kw, inversion unit combines the PV component Configurations situation of other collecting and distributing type header boxs just can real time computation system
Current maximum exportable power P max=Pmppt * 13, about 1040kw (remarks：It is assumed that other collecting and distributing type header boxs are available
PV components are identical with main frame).Need to increase grid-connected photovoltaic system active power, system reality during in view of electrical network under-frequency
Border active power leaves and takes 10%PN（Unit rated power）Allowance, i.e. Preserve=104kw, the general objective that system should send
Performance number Ptarget is Pmax-Preserve=936kw, and remaining collecting and distributing type header box namely limit power cell need to send total limit
Performance number processed（Ptarget-Pmppt）The power of=856kw, the power of each collecting and distributing type header box is about 71kw.
It is as shown in figure 21 the dynamic active frequency modulation schematic diagram of the present embodiment.
When mains frequency is between 49.00 ~ 50.20Hz, system maintains output 900kw active power constant；
Work as mains frequency<During 49.00Hz, system starts gradually to lift active power from current power 900kw；
Work as mains frequency<During 48.03Hz, system active power reaches current theoretical maximum performance number Pmax=1MW, now system
The maximum capacity of primary frequency modulation is reached；If hereafter, mains frequency continues to decline and beyond the scope of correlation standard, inverse
Becoming device can select failure to shut down.
Work as mains frequency>During 50.20Hz, system starts active power of gradually successively decreasing from current power 900kw；
Work as mains frequency>During 50.47Hz, system active power is reduced to 800kw, if hereafter, mains frequency continues to rise and surpasses
Go out the scope of correlation standard, inverter can select failure to shut down.
Embodiment nine
In the present embodiment, when the photovoltaic generating system is collecting and distributing type photovoltaic generating system, MPPT maximum power point tracking unit
It is arranged in collecting and distributing type header box, the quantity of the MPPT maximum power point tracking unit is two or more, maximum by least one
Power points tracking cell performs MPPT maximum power point tracking function.
It is as shown in figure 22 a collecting and distributing type photovoltaic generating system schematic diagram, rated power is the parallel network power generation system of 1MW
In system, include 13 square formations and collecting and distributing type header box, each square formation is made up of 16 road PV components, correspondence accesses a collecting and distributing type
Header box, each collecting and distributing type header box includes 4 DC/DC modules and 8 road MPPT, rated power 80kw, each DC/DC module volume
Determine power 20kw, 2 road MPPT of correspondence.Its active frequency modulation is carried out based on single collecting and distributing type header box.
MPPT, remaining 3 DC/DC module are performed with the 1st DC/DC module of one of collecting and distributing type header box and performs limit
As a example by power, under illumination sufficiency, after MPPT, in real time output is maximum for the 1st DC/DC module of the collecting and distributing type header box
Power P mppt=20kw, the collecting and distributing type box unit that confluxes just can be calculated in real time with reference to the PV component Configurations situation of other DC/DC modules
The current theoretical maximum performance number Pmax=Pmppt * 4=80kw (remarks of collecting and distributing type header box：It is assumed that remaining 3 module is available
PV components are identical with module 1).Need to increase collecting and distributing type header box active power during in view of electrical network under-frequency, it is actual active
Power leaves and takes 10%PN（Unit rated power）Allowance, i.e. Preserve=8kw, the target work(that collecting and distributing type header box should send
Rate value Ptarget is Pmax-Preserve=72kw, and remaining DC/DC modules namely limit power cell need to send total restriction power
Value（Ptarget-Pmppt）The power of=52kw, the power of each DC/DC module is about 17kw.
It is as shown in figure 23 the dynamic active frequency modulation schematic diagram of the present embodiment.
When mains frequency is between 49.00 ~ 50.20Hz, system maintains output 72kw active power constant；
Work as mains frequency<During 49.00Hz, system starts gradually to lift active power from current power 72kw；
Work as mains frequency<During 48.03Hz, system active power reaches current theoretical maximum performance number Pmax=80kw, now system
The maximum capacity of primary frequency modulation is reached；If hereafter, mains frequency continues to decline and beyond the scope of correlation standard, inverse
Becoming device can select failure to shut down.
Work as mains frequency>During 50.20Hz, system starts active power of gradually successively decreasing from current power 72kw；
Work as mains frequency>During 50.47Hz, system active power is reduced to 64kw, if hereafter, mains frequency continues to rise and exceeds
The scope of correlation standard, inverter can select failure to shut down.
For collecting and distributing type grid-connected photovoltaic system, MPPT is regardless of by least one collecting and distributing type photovoltaic parallel in system in system
Complete, or completed by least one collecting and distributing type header box, or by multiple MPPT units in collecting and distributing type header box at least
Completing, its essence is the spare capacity needed for by limiting power mode to produce active frequency modulation to 1 unit, therefore from this specially
Sharp angle has no essential distinction, belongs to the protection category of the present invention.
The specific embodiment of the present invention is the foregoing is only, these descriptions are intended merely to explain the principle of the present invention, and
Limiting the scope of the invention can not be by any way construed to.Based on explanation herein, those skilled in the art is not
Other specific implementation methods that the present invention is associated by paying performing creative labour, these modes are needed to fall within the present invention
Protection domain within.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of active frequency modulation method of photovoltaic generating system dynamic, the photovoltaic generating system includes：Least one set photovoltaic cell
Component, at least one inversion unit, at least one MPPT maximum power point tracking unit and at least one limit power cell, its feature exists
In methods described includes：
By the configuration data of photovoltaic cell component in MPPT maximum power point tracking unit and system, the current photovoltaic cell of computing system
The maximum exportable power of component；
Current system is set to need to be stayed between the general objective performance number for sending and the maximum exportable power by limiting power cell
There is default allowance；
When mains frequency is less than default first low frequency threshold value, by improving the output of the limit power cell system is improved
The active power of system；
When mains frequency is higher than default first high frequency threshold value, the active power of system is reduced.
2. the active frequency modulation method of photovoltaic generating system according to claim 1 dynamic, it is characterised in that described by limiting work(
Rate unit makes current system need to leave default allowance between the general objective performance number for sending and the maximum exportable power,
Specifically include：
According to maximum exportable power, by limiting power policy default allowance is determined；
The general objective performance number that current system needs to send is calculated according to default allowance；And
General objective performance number is assigned at least one MPPT maximum power point tracking unit and at least one limit power cell, respectively
MPPT maximum power point tracking unit performs maximal power tracing output, and each limit power cell controls corresponding photovoltaic cell component and presses institute
The power output of distribution.
3. the active frequency modulation method of photovoltaic generating system according to claim 2 dynamic, it is characterised in that described by general objective
Performance number be assigned at least one MPPT maximum power point tracking unit and at least one limit power cell, each maximum power point with
Track unit performs maximal power tracing output, and it is defeated by the power for being distributed that each limit power cell controls corresponding photovoltaic cell component
Go out, including：
Determine the power output total value of the corresponding photovoltaic cell component of MPPT maximum power point tracking unit, that is, perform maximal power tracing
Total output valve；
According to general objective performance number and the total output valve of execution maximal power tracing, total restriction performance number is calculated；
Obtain the configuration data of the corresponding photovoltaic cell component of limit power cell；
According to acquired configuration data and total restriction performance number, determine that each corresponding photovoltaic cell component of limit power cell is needed
The restriction performance number to be exported；And
The restriction performance number output that the corresponding photovoltaic cell component of power cell is limited according to distribution.
4. the active frequency modulation method of photovoltaic generating system according to claim 2 dynamic, it is characterised in that described by improving
The active power that the output for limiting power cell improves system is specially：By improving the corresponding light of limit power cell
The performance number of volt component output, improves the active power of system.
5. the active frequency modulation method of photovoltaic generating system according to claim 2 dynamic, it is characterised in that described when electrical network frequency
When rate is higher than default first high frequency threshold value, the active power for reducing system is specially：It is corresponding by reducing limit power cell
The performance number of photovoltaic module output, reduces the active power of system.
6. the dynamic active frequency modulation method of photovoltaic generating system according to any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that institute
Photovoltaic generating system is stated for centralized photovoltaic generating system, group string data photovoltaic generating system or collecting and distributing type photovoltaic generating system；
It is described limit power policy be：According to maximum exportable power, default allowance is left and taken according to default ratio, obtain current system
The general objective performance number that needs send.
7. a kind of active frequency modulation device of photovoltaic generating system dynamic, the photovoltaic generating system includes：Least one set photovoltaic cell
Component, at least one inversion unit, at least one MPPT maximum power point tracking unit and at least one limit power cell, its feature exists
In described device includes：
Peak power computing module, for by the configuration number of photovoltaic cell component in MPPT maximum power point tracking unit and system
According to the maximum exportable power of the current photovoltaic cell component of computing system；
Limit power model, makes current system need the general objective performance number for sending exportable with the maximum by limiting power cell
Default allowance is left between power；
Low frequency adjusting module, for when mains frequency is less than default first low frequency threshold value, by improving the limit power list
The output of unit improves the active power of system；
High frequency adjusting module, for when mains frequency is higher than default first high frequency threshold value, reducing the active power of system.
8. the active frequency modulation device of photovoltaic generating system according to claim 7 dynamic, it is characterised in that the limit power mould
Block includes：
Allowance computing unit, for according to maximum exportable power, by limiting power policy default allowance being determined；
Target power computing unit, for calculating the general objective performance number that current system needs to send according to default allowance；And
Allocation unit, for general objective performance number to be assigned at least one MPPT maximum power point tracking unit and at least one
Limit power cell, each MPPT maximum power point tracking unit performs maximal power tracing output, and each limit power cell controls corresponding light
Photovoltaic cell components are by the power output distributed.
9. the active frequency modulation device of photovoltaic generating system according to claim 8 dynamic, it is characterised in that the allocation unit
Including：
The total output valve computing unit of maximal power tracing is performed, for determining the corresponding photovoltaic cell of MPPT maximum power point tracking unit
The power output total value of component, that is, perform the total output valve of maximal power tracing；
It is total to limit performance number computing unit, for according to general objective performance number and the total output valve of execution maximal power tracing, calculating
Always limited performance number；
Configuration data acquiring unit, for each MPPT maximum power point tracking unit in acquisition system and the corresponding light of limit power cell
Photovoltaic cell components configuration data；
Power distributing unit is limited, for according to acquired configuration data and total restriction performance number, determining each limit power list
The corresponding photovoltaic cell component of unit needs the restriction performance number of output；And
Output unit, exports for the corresponding photovoltaic cell component of the limit power cell according to the restriction performance number of distribution.
10. the dynamic active frequency modulation device of photovoltaic generating system according to claim 7-9, it is characterised in that the photovoltaic
Electricity generation system is centralized photovoltaic generating system, group string data photovoltaic generating system or collecting and distributing type photovoltaic generating system；The limit
Power policy is：According to maximum exportable power, default allowance is left and taken according to default ratio, obtaining current system needs to send out
The general objective performance number for going out.
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