CN113941748A - Brazing aluminum honeycomb forming and welding method - Google Patents
Brazing aluminum honeycomb forming and welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113941748A CN113941748A CN202111195714.9A CN202111195714A CN113941748A CN 113941748 A CN113941748 A CN 113941748A CN 202111195714 A CN202111195714 A CN 202111195714A CN 113941748 A CN113941748 A CN 113941748A
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- honeycomb
- brazing
- honeycomb plate
- plate body
- forming
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/008—Soldering within a furnace
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
- B23K1/0014—Brazing of honeycomb sandwich structures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for forming and welding a brazing aluminum honeycomb, which comprises the following steps: (1) respectively molding an upper honeycomb plate body and a lower honeycomb plate body, wherein the molding round angle of the upper honeycomb plate body is R45-60, the molding round angle of the lower honeycomb plate body is determined according to the thickness of the whole honeycomb plate, and the round angle degree of the upper honeycomb plate body is subtracted from the round angle degree of the lower honeycomb plate body to obtain the thickness value of the whole honeycomb plate; (2) brazing the honeycomb core according to the size specification; (3) designing a corresponding tool clamp according to the structure of the brazing assembly, the form of a welding seam and form and position tolerance; (4) and fixing the formed upper and lower honeycomb plate bodies and the honeycomb core by using a tool fixture, and putting the honeycomb plate bodies and the honeycomb core into a brazing furnace for brazing. The invention solves the bad phenomena of the curved surface honeycomb plate such as forming deformation, distortion, cracking and the like; the batch production of curved honeycomb plates with the thickness of 12mm, the inner R60 and the bending right angle of 90 degrees is realized; the manufacturing and processing of a small amount of customized curved honeycomb plates can be met; the production process is simple, the qualification rate is high, and the production effect is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for forming and welding a brazed aluminum honeycomb, which is used for producing a curved honeycomb plate with the thickness of 10-15mm and the internal fillet R45-60 bent by 70-90 degrees by using a method of forming an aluminum plate and then brazing, and is applied to the fields of rail transit, aviation, military supplies and the like.
Background
With the aging of aluminum brazing technology, the brazed honeycomb plates with light weight, high strength and better energy absorption performance are gradually applied to various fields of rail transit, aviation, military supplies and the like, but at present, flat honeycomb plates and curved honeycomb plates with small curvature are mostly applied, and the curved honeycomb plates with the bending right angle of 90 degrees or more are not broken through technically.
In the prior art, the honeycomb plate with small curvature and large curvature is basically obtained by roll bending and die profiling. The small-curvature curved surface honeycomb plate can be produced in batch by the two methods, but the large-curvature honeycomb plate is easy to deform, distort, crack and other bad phenomena in the production process, the qualification rate is low, and the large-batch production cannot be realized.
The above prior art solutions (using roll bending, die profiling methods) have the drawbacks: deformation, distortion and cracking during the forming of the curved surface of the honeycomb plate are not controllable, and the individual customization and batch production of products cannot be guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a brazing aluminum honeycomb forming and welding method (a production method of forming first and then brazing), which realizes the technical breakthrough of batch production of the honeycomb plates with the bent right-angle 90-degree curved surfaces, reduces the reject ratio of products and improves the qualification rate and the production efficiency.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the forming and welding method of the brazing aluminum honeycomb comprises the following steps: (1) respectively molding an upper honeycomb plate body and a lower honeycomb plate body, wherein the molding round angle of the upper honeycomb plate body is R45-60, the molding round angle of the lower honeycomb plate body is determined according to the thickness of the whole honeycomb plate, and the round angle degree of the upper honeycomb plate body is subtracted from the round angle degree of the lower honeycomb plate body to obtain the thickness value of the whole honeycomb plate; (2) brazing the honeycomb core according to the size specification; (3) designing a corresponding tool clamp according to the structure of the brazing assembly, the form of a welding seam and form and position tolerance; (4) and fixing the formed upper and lower honeycomb plate bodies and the honeycomb core by using a tool fixture, and putting the honeycomb plate bodies and the honeycomb core into a brazing furnace for brazing.
Furthermore, the honeycomb plate is a curved honeycomb plate with an inner fillet of R45-R60, a thickness of 10-15mm and a bend of 70-90 degrees.
Further, the honeycomb plate is a curved honeycomb plate with a fillet R60, a thickness of 12mm and a bending angle of 90 degrees.
Further, the reaction conditions of the brazing are as follows: the brazing temperature is 560-620 ℃, and the temperature is kept until the brazing material is melted and concentrated on the joint part; the conveying speed of the upper honeycomb plate body, the lower honeycomb plate body and the honeycomb core in the brazing furnace is 200 mm-1500 mm/min during brazing;
the temperature rise stage comprises a plurality of temperature control sections, the temperature rise rate is 20-60 ℃/Hr, and the temperature rises rapidly after rising to 500 ℃;
the cooling rate is 60-100 ℃/Hr.
Further, the upper honeycomb plate body, the lower honeycomb plate body and the honeycomb core are combined and correspondingly pre-fixed; and then the whole body is placed on the pre-prepared tool clamp, and the clamp is assembled and fixed with the upper honeycomb plate body, the lower honeycomb plate body and the honeycomb core.
Further, after the brazing is finished, heat treatment needs to be carried out again at a low temperature of 150-200 ℃ so that the upper honeycomb plate body, the lower honeycomb plate body and the honeycomb core can recover the mechanical properties.
Further, the tool clamp is heated in a vacuum brazing furnace before being used for the first time, and the temperature is slightly higher than the brazing temperature.
Further, the tool clamp is in contact with the pressing plates of the honeycomb core through the spring pressing sheets, the upper honeycomb plate and the lower honeycomb plate to be brazed, and the thickness of each spring pressing sheet is 0.6-1 mm.
Further, the tool clamp can adopt a hollow design or a graphite material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
solving the bad phenomena of forming deformation, distortion, cracking and the like of the curved surface honeycomb plate;
secondly, the mass production of curved honeycomb plates with the thickness of 12mm, the fillet R60 and the bending right angle of 90 degrees is realized;
thirdly, the manufacturing and processing of a small amount of customized curved honeycomb plates (such as curved honeycomb plates with fillets R45-R60, thickness of 10-15mm and bending angle of 70-90 degrees) can be met;
and (IV) the production process is simple, the qualification rate is high, and the production effect is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural illustration of a honeycomb panel;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a product prepared by the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the length of the whole honeycomb plate is 4020mm, the width is 850mm, the thickness is 12mm, and the material of the honeycomb plate is 6a02, 3003; the grade of the brazing filler metal is ALF1224/F, the thickness t of the upper honeycomb plate and the lower honeycomb plate is 1.5mm, the height of the honeycomb core is 9mm, the thickness t of the honeycomb core is 0.2mm, and the side length d of the cell is 6 mm. Magnesium powder can be used as a brazing flux.
The brazing is realized by utilizing the capillary adsorption or the wetting, so the appearance of the brazed joint is relatively flat and beautiful, the welding speed is high, and the consumption of brazing materials is less. The groove does not need to be formed before brazing, and grinding or slight grinding is not needed after welding, so that the machining working time is saved, and the production efficiency is improved.
The embodiment provides a method for forming and welding a brazed aluminum honeycomb (a production method of forming before brazing), which comprises the following steps:
(1) and respectively molding an upper honeycomb plate body and a lower honeycomb plate body, wherein the molding round angle of the upper honeycomb plate body is R45-60, the degree of the molding round angle of the lower honeycomb plate body is determined according to the thickness of the whole honeycomb plate, and the numerical value of the molding round angle of the upper honeycomb plate body is subtracted from the numerical value of the round angle of the lower honeycomb plate body to obtain the thickness numerical value of the whole honeycomb plate. If the thickness of the whole honeycomb plate is 12mm, the forming round angle of the upper honeycomb plate body is R60, namely the forming round angle of the lower honeycomb plate body is R72
(2) Brazing the honeycomb core according to the size specification; (3) designing a corresponding tool clamp according to the structure of the brazing assembly, the form of a welding seam, form and position tolerance and the like;
(4) and fixing the formed upper and lower honeycomb plate bodies and the honeycomb core by using a tool fixture, and putting the honeycomb plate bodies and the honeycomb core into a brazing furnace for brazing.
The manufacturing method is characterized in that the formed honeycomb plate and the honeycomb core are put into a vacuum furnace for integral brazing.
Preferably, first, the upper and lower honeycomb plate bodies and the honeycomb core are combined and pre-fixed correspondingly. Then, the whole is put on a pre-prepared tooling fixture, and the fixture is assembled and fixed with the upper honeycomb plate body, the lower honeycomb plate body, the honeycomb core and the like.
Then putting the honeycomb plate into a vacuum brazing furnace in the state, heating at the brazing temperature, and keeping the temperature until the brazing material is melted and concentrated on the joint part (the heating length of the brazing area of the whole honeycomb plate is generally about 10-12 m, the conveying speed is adjustable between 200 mm-1500 mm/min, the temperature rise stage comprises 5-6 temperature control sections, the temperature rise rate is 20-60 ℃/Hr, the temperature rise is rapidly carried out after the temperature rise is up to 500 ℃, the brazing temperature is 560-620 ℃, the temperature is kept until the brazing material is melted and concentrated on the joint part, and the cooling rate is 60-100 ℃/Hr). Then, the brazing operation is finished after cooling.
Finally, carrying out intermediate inspection, and carrying out heat treatment at a low temperature of 150-200 ℃ again to recover the mechanical properties of the upper honeycomb plate body, the lower honeycomb plate body, the honeycomb core and the like; and finally checking by straightening, measuring the shape and the size and the like to finish all the working procedures.
There are many factors that affect the brazing quality of the entire honeycomb panel, with the brazing tooling fixture playing an important, and to some extent even crucial, role.
The brazing tool fixture fixes the brazing assembly and the brazing filler metal together, so that a proper gap is formed at the joint of the assemblies, the brazing filler metal is adsorbed in the gap in a capillary mode after being melted to form a brazing seam, the relative position of the assemblies is kept unchanged in the brazing process, and the dimensional tolerance of the assemblies is guaranteed. For the vacuum brazing of aluminum alloy parts, the heat efficiency of aluminum absorption radiation is low, and the tool clamp also needs to bear the effect of heating the aluminum parts by receiving heat radiation.
For example, the expansion coefficients of the brazing tool clamp and an aluminum brazing part are different, relative deformation can be generated in the temperature rising and reducing process, and the tool clamp is in contact with a brazing assembly pressing plate through a n-shaped spring pressing plate (the material is common stainless steel, and the thickness of the spring pressing plate is appropriate at 0.6-1 mm). The strength of the aluminum alloy is low near the melting point, if the thermal elasticity of the spring pressing sheet is too large, the proper clamping force is difficult to control when the brazing piece is assembled, and the spring pressing sheet cannot effectively release the excessive clamping force during heating, so that a pressing pit is left. If the thermal elasticity of the spring pressing sheet is insufficient, the brazing gap is increased by the self-gravity of the part or the relative thermal deformation of the workpiece and the tool during heating, and welding leakage is caused.
For example, the heat capacity of the tool fixture is large, the heating rate is low, and the low-melting-point components of the brazing filler metal are volatilized quickly in a vacuum environment, so that the melting points of the remaining components are increased and are insoluble, and meanwhile, the diffuse flow is formed. Similarly, too slow cooling can result in flooding, solder leakage, erosion, and the like. (staged heating is adopted, the temperature is quickly raised after 500 ℃, but the temperature of a brazing piece lags behind the furnace temperature for more than 50min, the temperature is slowly raised, and the brazing filler metal is not completely melted, and after the measures of reducing the weight of a hollow tool, reducing the thickness of the tool, increasing a graphite plate to ensure the thermal rigidity of the tool and the like are adopted, the brazing effect is good).
For example, the tool clamp should be as simple as possible, light in weight or hollowed out to reduce weight on the premise of ensuring sufficient rigidity, the thermal capacity of the tool clamp should be as small as possible, and the graphite part with light weight can be used for replacing stainless steel to be used as a lining plate pressing plate, so that the hot steel degree of the tool clamp can be ensured, and the thermal capacity of the tool clamp can be reduced.
For example, before the fixture is used for the first time, the fixture is heated in a vacuum brazing furnace for one time, and the temperature is slightly higher than the brazing temperature, so that volatile components brought in during black oxidation treatment can be removed, and the pollution to brazed parts is prevented.
In addition, during brazing, an oxide film and oil stains on a contact surface of a base material are removed firstly, so that a capillary tube can play a role after the brazing filler metal is melted, and the wettability and the capillary fluidity of the brazing filler metal are improved. If a 10% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is used for removing the oxide film on the surface of the part, the alkaline washing time is about 45 s. And fixing the brazing filler metal by resistance welding.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The forming and welding method of the brazing aluminum honeycomb is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) respectively molding an upper honeycomb plate body and a lower honeycomb plate body, wherein the molding round angle of the upper honeycomb plate body is R45-60, the molding round angle of the lower honeycomb plate body is determined according to the thickness of the whole honeycomb plate, and the round angle degree of the upper honeycomb plate body is subtracted from the round angle degree of the lower honeycomb plate body to obtain the thickness value of the whole honeycomb plate;
(2) brazing the honeycomb core according to the size specification;
(3) designing a corresponding tool clamp according to the structure of the brazing assembly, the form of a welding seam and form and position tolerance;
(4) and fixing the formed upper and lower honeycomb plate bodies and the honeycomb core by using a tool fixture, and putting the honeycomb plate bodies and the honeycomb core into a brazing furnace for brazing.
2. The forming and welding method of the brazing aluminum honeycomb as claimed in claim 1, wherein the honeycomb plate is a curved honeycomb plate with fillets R45-R60, thickness of 10-15mm and bending degree of 70-90 °.
3. The method for forming and welding the brazing aluminum honeycomb according to claim 2, wherein the honeycomb plate is a curved honeycomb plate with a fillet R60, a thickness of 12mm and a bending angle of 90 degrees.
4. The brazing aluminum honeycomb forming and welding method of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the reaction conditions of the brazing are as follows: the brazing temperature is 560-620 ℃, and the temperature is kept until the brazing material is melted and concentrated on the joint part; the conveying speed of the upper honeycomb plate body, the lower honeycomb plate body and the honeycomb core in the brazing furnace is 200 mm-1500 mm/min during brazing;
the temperature rise stage comprises a plurality of temperature control sections, the temperature rise rate is 20-60 ℃/Hr, and the temperature rises rapidly after rising to 500 ℃;
the cooling rate is 60-100 ℃/Hr.
5. The brazing aluminum honeycomb forming and welding method according to claim 4, wherein in the step (4), the upper honeycomb plate body, the lower honeycomb plate body and the honeycomb core are combined and correspondingly pre-fixed; and then the whole body is placed on the pre-prepared tool clamp, and the clamp is assembled and fixed with the upper honeycomb plate body, the lower honeycomb plate body and the honeycomb core.
6. The method for forming and welding the brazed aluminum honeycomb of claim 4, wherein after the brazing is completed, the upper honeycomb plate body, the lower honeycomb plate body and the honeycomb core are subjected to heat treatment again at a low temperature of 150-200 ℃ to recover the mechanical properties of the upper honeycomb plate body, the lower honeycomb plate body and the honeycomb core.
7. The method for forming and welding the aluminum honeycomb of claim 1-3, wherein the fixture is heated in a vacuum brazing furnace at a temperature slightly higher than the brazing temperature before the fixture is used for the first time.
8. The brazing aluminum honeycomb forming and welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the tool clamp is in contact with the upper and lower honeycomb plates to be brazed and the pressing plate of the honeycomb core through spring pressing plates, and the thickness of the spring pressing plates is 0.6-1 mm.
9. The method for forming and welding the aluminum brazing honeycomb according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the tooling fixture is designed in a hollow manner or made of graphite.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111195714.9A CN113941748B (en) | 2021-10-14 | 2021-10-14 | Brazing aluminum honeycomb forming and welding method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111195714.9A CN113941748B (en) | 2021-10-14 | 2021-10-14 | Brazing aluminum honeycomb forming and welding method |
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| CN113941748A true CN113941748A (en) | 2022-01-18 |
| CN113941748B CN113941748B (en) | 2023-03-21 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101767282A (en) * | 2009-06-15 | 2010-07-07 | 江苏北科高新管业有限公司 | Method for making wear-resistant composite tubes in cast iron/carbon steel honeycomb sandwich structure |
| CN102673027A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-09-19 | 泰州市永昌冶金科技有限公司 | Abrasion-resistant composite of cellular structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN103240924A (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2013-08-14 | 太原理工大学 | Magnesium alloy honeycomb structure material and preparation method thereof |
| US20160031032A1 (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2016-02-04 | Aircelle | Brazing without tools |
| CN110732842A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-01-31 | 佛山市桐立新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of brazing aluminum honeycomb plate |
| CN111496339A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-08-07 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | Honeycomb plate preparation method and fixture for brazing honeycomb plate |
-
2021
- 2021-10-14 CN CN202111195714.9A patent/CN113941748B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101767282A (en) * | 2009-06-15 | 2010-07-07 | 江苏北科高新管业有限公司 | Method for making wear-resistant composite tubes in cast iron/carbon steel honeycomb sandwich structure |
| CN102673027A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-09-19 | 泰州市永昌冶金科技有限公司 | Abrasion-resistant composite of cellular structure and preparation method thereof |
| US20160031032A1 (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2016-02-04 | Aircelle | Brazing without tools |
| CN103240924A (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2013-08-14 | 太原理工大学 | Magnesium alloy honeycomb structure material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110732842A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-01-31 | 佛山市桐立新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of brazing aluminum honeycomb plate |
| CN111496339A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-08-07 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | Honeycomb plate preparation method and fixture for brazing honeycomb plate |
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