CN113932609A

CN113932609A - Novel silicon carbide furnace bottom structure

Info

Publication number: CN113932609A
Application number: CN202111196670.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张毅; 万春鹏; 康建忠; 马立鑫
Original assignee: Ningxia Yulong Metallurgical Products Co ltd
Current assignee: Ningxia Yulong Metallurgical Products Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-10-14
Filing date: 2021-10-14
Publication date: 2022-01-14
Anticipated expiration: 2041-10-14
Also published as: CN113932609B

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel silicon carbide furnace bottom structure which comprises a furnace wall, wherein a furnace opening is formed in the outer side of the furnace wall, a smoke collecting hood is fixedly installed at the top of the furnace wall, a furnace base is fixedly installed at the bottom of the furnace wall, a base is installed at the bottom of the furnace base, an upper refractory brick layer is arranged inside the furnace base, an insulating layer located at the bottom of the upper refractory brick layer is arranged inside the furnace base, a lower refractory brick layer located at the bottom of the insulating layer is arranged inside the furnace base, a supporting ring is arranged on the outer side of the furnace wall, and the supporting ring is located below the smoke collecting hood. This novel carborundum structure at bottom of furnace has insulating good and dampproofing and waterproofing's advantage, and the main shortcoming of having solved the hearth is that the bottom gas permeability is poor, and the crystallization layer is often very thin, and the quality is not good moreover, appears the phenomenon of electric leakage easily, when ground moisture at the bottom of a furnace increases, electric leakage phenomenon is more serious, not only causes the potential safety hazard, increases the problem of energy consumption simultaneously.

Description

Novel silicon carbide furnace bottom structure

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of silicon carbide production equipment, in particular to a novel silicon carbide furnace bottom structure.

Background

Silicon carbide is an inorganic substance, the chemical formula is SiC, the silicon carbide is smelted by quartz sand, petroleum coke (or coal coke), wood chips (salt is needed when producing green silicon carbide) and other raw materials through a resistance furnace at high temperature, the silicon carbide also has rare minerals in nature, Mosang stone, in C, N, B and other non-oxide high-technology refractory raw materials, the silicon carbide is one of the most widely and economically used raw materials, can be called as gold steel sand or refractory sand, the silicon carbide produced by Chinese industry is divided into black silicon carbide and green silicon carbide, the current silicon carbide production ore-smelting furnace is indispensable equipment, the ore-smelting furnace is also called as electric arc furnace or resistance electric furnace, and is mainly used for reducing and smelting ores, carbonaceous reducing agents, solvents and other raw materials, mainly producing ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochrome, ferrotungsten, silicon-manganese alloy and other iron alloys, and is an important industrial raw material and other chemical raw materials such as calcium carbide in the metallurgical industry, the transformer of the submerged arc furnace has continuous and stable load, low impedance voltage, more voltage regulation stages, smaller stage difference and strong overload capacity, and can be divided into two types of loaded voltage regulation and non-excited voltage regulation. The constant-capacity output of the first stages and the constant-current output of the last stages are common.

Along with the continuous increase of SiC production furnace, the type of hearth also appears diversified, nevertheless on 5000 ~ 7000 kW's resistance furnace, still use flat-bottom hearth as the owner, the main shortcoming of this kind of hearth is that the bottom gas permeability is poor, the crystallization layer is often very thin, and the quality is not good moreover, the phenomenon of electric leakage appears easily, when ground moisture back-wetting furnace bottom increases after, electric leakage phenomenon is more serious, not only causes the potential safety hazard, increase the energy consumption simultaneously, so propose the structure at the bottom of a novel carborundum furnace and solve the above-mentioned problem of proposing.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims to provide a novel silicon carbide hearth structure to solve the problems set forth in the background art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a novel carborundum stove bottom structure, includes the oven, the fire door has been seted up in the outside of oven, the top fixed mounting of oven has the collection petticoat pipe, the bottom fixed mounting of oven has the furnace base, the base is installed to the bottom of furnace base, the firebrick layer has been arranged to the inside of furnace base, the insulating layer that is located firebrick layer bottom is arranged to the inside of furnace base, the lower firebrick layer that is located the insulating layer bottom has been arranged to the inside of furnace base.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the outer side of the furnace wall is provided with a supporting ring, the supporting ring is positioned below the smoke collecting hood, the bottom of the supporting ring is fixedly provided with a support fixedly connected with the base, the supports are distributed at equal intervals, and the positions of the supports and the position of the furnace mouth are alternately distributed.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the inside arrangement of furnace base has the high temperature resistant fire prevention cloth that is located the insulating layer and the firebrick layer outside down, and the top of high temperature resistant fire prevention cloth is located the middle part position of insulating layer, and the outside on going up the firebrick layer is not provided with the insulating layer, the outside parcel on firebrick layer will be gone up to the insulating layer, goes up the inside that the firebrick layer is located the furnace base, does not contact between actually firebrick layer and the furnace base.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the inside on going up the firebrick layer and lower firebrick layer all is provided with the hole that the equidistance distributes, and the hole is horizontal, and is crisscross each other between the firebrick during the overall arrangement, and the hole is not communicated each other.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the insulating layer comprises 1 part of cement, 2 parts of sand, 4 parts of stones and 1 part of cement, 3 parts of stone powder and 6 parts of stones which are mixed and then solidified, and a ceramic interlayer is arranged inside the insulating layer.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the insulating layer comprises 0.05 part of foaming agent, 2 parts of cement, 6 parts of stone powder, 4 parts of stones and 1 part of fly ash which are mixed and then solidified, and a ceramic interlayer is arranged in the insulating layer.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the furnace base is internally provided with a damp-proof mechanism positioned at the bottom of the lower refractory brick layer, the top of the smoke collecting cover is communicated with a smoke pipe communicated with the damp-proof mechanism, and the inside of the smoke pipe is fixedly provided with an axial flow fan.

As a still further scheme of the invention: dampproofing mechanism includes casing, backup pad, divides gaseous ring sum communicating pipe, the inside of casing is hollow form, and the inside central point of casing puts and is provided with and divides gaseous ring, the inside of casing is provided with the backup pad that is located the gaseous ring outside and equidistance annular distribution, both ends all communicate communicating pipe about the casing, and communicating pipe and flue gas pipe that are located the right side are linked together, it cuts apart the layer to be provided with between dampproofing mechanism and the high temperature resistant fire prevention cloth, cuts apart the layer and piles up by resistant firebrick and form.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the supporting plate and the supporting plate positioned on the front side are fixedly connected with the shell, and a gap is formed between the supporting plate and the gas distribution ring.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. this novel carborundum stove bottom structure makes the insulating layer through cement 1 part, husky 2 parts, stone 4 parts + cement 1 part, 3 parts of mountain flour and 6 parts of stone, has excellent insulating nature, and the expansion joint can adapt to expend with heat and contract with cold, and dampproofing waterproof fire-resistant improves furnace body insulating nature simultaneously, adapts to humid environment.

2. This novel carborundum furnace bottom structure makes the insulating layer through 0.05 parts of foamer, cement 2 parts, mountain flour 6 parts, stone 4 parts and fly ash 1 part, has excellent insulating nature, and the quality is light simultaneously, and inside gas pocket uses expend with heat and contract with cold, and the hydrone discharge rate is fast, is suitable for small-size ore deposit hot stove.

3. This novel carborundum structure at the bottom of the furnace circulates in the inside of dampproofing mechanism through the flue gas, and the flue gas heat carries out the hydrone to dry to the bottom carrier, prevents that ground from getting damp again, leads to insulating layer and resistant firebrick to receive the moisture to influence, and insulating properties descends.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a novel silicon carbide hearth construction;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the hearth in a novel silicon carbide hearth construction;

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the hearth of a novel silicon carbide hearth construction;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the hearth in a novel silicon carbide hearth construction;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of a moisture barrier mechanism in a novel silicon carbide furnace bottom construction.

In the figure: 1. a furnace wall; 2. a support; 3. a ring; 4. a smoke collecting hood; 5. a flue gas pipe; 6. an axial flow fan; 7. a furnace mouth; 8. a furnace base; 9. a moisture-proof mechanism; 901. a housing; 902. a communicating pipe; 903. a support plate; 904. a gas distribution ring; 10. a base; 11. high-temperature-resistant fireproof cloth; 12. a refractory brick layer is arranged; 13. a lower refractory brick layer; 14. an insulating layer.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, in the embodiment of the present invention, a novel silicon carbide hearth structure includes a furnace wall 1, a furnace mouth 7 is opened on an outer side of the furnace wall 1, a smoke collecting hood 4 is fixedly installed on a top of the furnace wall 1, a furnace base 8 is fixedly installed on a bottom of the furnace wall 1, a base 10 is installed on a bottom of the furnace base 8, an upper firebrick layer 12 is arranged inside the furnace base 8, an insulating layer 14 located at a bottom of the upper firebrick layer 12 is arranged inside the furnace base 8, a lower firebrick layer 13 located at a bottom of the insulating layer 14 is arranged inside the furnace base 8, the insulating layer 14 is sandwiched between the upper firebrick layer 12 and the lower firebrick layer 13, firebrick is called firebrick for short, a refractory material fired from fire clay or other refractory raw materials is light yellow or brown, can resist a high temperature of 1580 ℃ to 1770 ℃, also called firebrick, and can play a role in protecting the insulating layer 14, the insulating layer 14 is prevented from being sintered and the performance is reduced.

In a preferred embodiment, the ring 3 is arranged on the outer side of the furnace wall 1, the ring 3 is positioned below the smoke collecting hood 4, the bracket 2 fixedly connected with the base 10 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the ring 3, the brackets 2 are distributed at equal intervals, the positions of the brackets 2 and the positions of the furnace mouths 7 are mutually and alternately distributed, and the brackets 2 play a certain supporting role on the furnace wall 1, can effectively slow down the bearing of the insulating layer 14, prevent the insulating layer 14 from bearing the overload weight, causing the deformation of the insulating layer 14 and the damage of the internal structure, and play a role in protecting the insulating layer 14.

In a preferred embodiment, the inside of the furnace base 8 is provided with the high temperature resistant fireproof cloth 11 positioned outside the insulating layer 14 and the lower fireproof brick layer 13, the top of the high temperature resistant fireproof cloth 11 is positioned in the middle of the insulating layer 14, the outside of the upper fireproof brick layer 12 is not provided with the insulating layer 14, the insulating layer 14 wraps the outside of the upper fireproof brick layer 12, the upper fireproof brick layer 12 is positioned inside the furnace base 8, but the fireproof brick layer 12 is not contacted with the furnace base 8, the high temperature resistant fireproof cloth 11 is used in cooperation with waterproof cloth, the fireproof cloth is used as special industry, special industry protective fabrics are roughly divided into silicon rubber coated glass fiber cloth, basalt fiber fireproof cloth, acrylic cotton fiber fireproof cloth, Nomex fireproof cloth, SM fireproof cloth, blue glass fiber fireproof cloth, aluminum foil fireproof cloth and the like, the silicon titanium fireproof cloth is selected as a high temperature resistant inorganic fiber, the content of silicon dioxide (SiO2) is higher than 96%, the softening point is near 1700 ℃, the waterproof cloth can be used for a long time at 900 ℃, can work for 10 minutes at 1450 ℃, can still keep in good condition after working for 15 seconds at 1600 ℃, improves the safety and fire resistance, is a glass fiber cloth which is mostly used for hand pasting process, and is a glass fiber reinforced material check cloth which is mainly used for: the heat insulation, fire prevention and flame retardation play a certain role in preventing water and moisture regain.

In a preferred embodiment, go up firebrick layer 12 and lower firebrick layer 13's inside all is provided with the hole that the equidistance distributes, the hole is horizontal, crisscross each other between the firebrick during the overall arrangement, the hole does not communicate each other, the hole can be effectual adapts to go up firebrick layer 12 and lower firebrick layer 13's expend with heat and contract with cold, the cracked phenomenon appears in the brick body after preventing to be heated, the hole is horizontal, prevent that the heat from passing through the hole propagation, other structures are damaged to high temperature, crisscross each other between the firebrick during the overall arrangement, the hole does not communicate each other, can effectually prevent the flue gas, heat and steam from diffusing from the hole.

In a preferred embodiment, the insulating layer 14 includes 1 part of cement, 2 parts of sand, 4 parts of stones + 1 part of cement, 3 parts of stone powder and 6 parts of stones, when in construction, a template is used for arranging expansion joints, the width of the expansion joints is less than one centimeter and is distributed in a criss-cross manner, 1 part of cement, 2 parts of sand, 4 parts of stones + 1 part of cement, 3 parts of stone powder and 6 parts of stones are sieved and filtered, then water is added to be mixed and injected into the template, a ceramic interlayer 10 centimeters is arranged on the top of the concrete after the injection height is 30 centimeters, concrete with the thickness of 30 centimeters is paved on the top of the ceramic interlayer again, and the insulating layer 14 is formed after waiting for forming, and the expansion joints adapt to thermal expansion and cold contraction.

In a preferred embodiment, the interior of the stove base 8 is provided with a damp-proof mechanism 9 positioned at the bottom of the lower firebrick layer 13, the top of the smoke collecting hood 4 is communicated with a smoke pipe 5 communicated with the damp-proof mechanism 9, the interior of the smoke pipe 5 is fixedly provided with an axial flow fan 6, the axial flow fan 6 is used for smoke transmission, the smoke collecting hood 4 is positioned at a high position, the damp-proof mechanism 9 is positioned at a low position, smoke needs to be transmitted from top to bottom, and therefore a power device is needed to transmit the smoke.

In a preferred embodiment, the moisture-proof mechanism 9 includes a housing 901, a support plate 903, a gas distribution ring 904 and a communication pipe 902, the interior of the housing 901 is hollow, the gas distribution ring 904 is disposed at a central position in the interior of the housing 901, the support plate 903 which is located outside the gas distribution ring 904 and annularly distributed at equal intervals is disposed in the interior of the housing 901, the communication pipe 902 is communicated with both left and right ends of the housing 901, the communication pipe 902 located on the right side is communicated with the flue gas pipe 5, a partition layer is disposed between the moisture-proof mechanism 9 and the high-temperature-resistant fire-proof cloth 11, the partition layer is formed by stacking refractory bricks, the partition layer separates the moisture-proof mechanism 9 from the high-temperature-resistant fire-proof cloth 11, when flue gas passes through the moisture-proof mechanism 9, a certain high temperature can be generated, and the partition layer can effectively prevent the high-temperature-resistant fire-proof cloth 11 from being affected by high temperature.

In a preferred embodiment, the support plate 903 at the front side and the support plate 903 at the rear side are both fixedly connected with the casing 901, a gap is provided between the support plate 903 and the gas distribution ring 904, the flue gas is distributed to each position inside the casing 901 through the gap, and the ground moisture regain is reduced by using high temperature.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: the insulating layer 14 comprises 1 part of cement, 2 parts of sand, 4 parts of stones + 1 part of cement, 3 parts of stone powder and 6 parts of stones, the adopted materials have higher resistance, under the dry weather condition, water molecules in the insulating layer 14 are few, the insulating effect can be absolutely achieved, the insulating layer 14 is wrapped by the high-temperature-resistant fireproof cloth 11 and the waterproof cloth, water permeating from the ground to the lower ground can be prevented from permeating into the insulating layer 14, the upper fireproof brick layer 12 and the lower fireproof brick layer 13 to influence the insulating effect, the bracket 2 supports the furnace wall 1, when the insulating layer 14, the upper fireproof brick layer 12, the lower fireproof brick layer 13, the high-temperature-resistant fireproof cloth 11 and the waterproof cloth are damaged and aged, the repairing is more convenient, the furnace wall 1 is prevented from collapsing in the repairing process, and when the natural phenomena such as moisture regain and the like occur in the local place, the smoke is transmitted to the inside of the shell 901 through the smoke pipe 5 and the axial flow fan 6, the flue gas has certain high temperature, and high temperature outwards carries out the heat transfer through casing 901, can effectually carry out the drying to bottom ground environment, prevents that the moisture that gets damp from entering into insulating layer 14, last firebrick layer 12 and firebrick layer 13 down, leads to insulating layer 14, last firebrick layer 12 and firebrick layer 13's insulating properties to descend.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, in the embodiment of the invention, a novel silicon carbide hearth structure comprises a furnace wall 1, a furnace mouth 7 is formed on the outer side of the furnace wall 1, a smoke collecting hood 4 is fixedly installed on the top of the furnace wall 1, a furnace base 8 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the furnace wall 1, a base 10 is installed on the bottom of the furnace base 8, an upper firebrick layer 12 is arranged inside the furnace base 8, an insulating layer 14 located at the bottom of the upper firebrick layer 12 is arranged inside the furnace base 8, a lower firebrick layer 13 located at the bottom of the insulating layer 14 is arranged inside the furnace base 8, firebricks are called firebricks for short, refractory materials made of refractory clay or other refractory materials are fired, and are light yellow or brown, can resist high temperature of 15870 ℃ to 1770 ℃, and are also called firebricks, and can play a role in protecting the insulating layer 14, prevent the insulating layer 14 from being sintered and reduce performance.

In a preferred embodiment, the insulating layer 14 includes 0.05 parts of foaming agent, 2 parts of cement, 6 parts of stone powder, 4 parts of stone and 1 part of fly ash, when in construction, expansion joints are arranged by using a template, the width of the expansion joints is less than one centimeter and is distributed in a criss-cross manner, the 2 parts of cement, 6 parts of stone powder, 4 parts of stone, 1 part of fly ash and 0.05 part of foaming agent are sequentially fed into a concrete stirring device to be uniformly stirred, sampling is carried out for testing, after the expansion joints are qualified, a 30-centimeter thick concrete is laid, a ceramic interlayer is arranged at the top of the concrete stirring device, a 30-centimeter thick concrete is laid again, and the insulating layer 14 is formed after the concrete is formed.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: the insulating layer 14 comprises 0.05 part of foaming agent, 2 parts of cement, 6 parts of stone powder, 4 parts of stones and 1 part of fly ash, wherein the foaming agent is a substance for forming holes of an object substance, the physical foaming agent is a compound formed by expansion of compressed gas, volatilization of liquid or dissolution of solid through the change of the physical form of a certain substance, the weight is reduced, a foamed concrete layer is generated, and the insulating layer has good heat insulation performance and waterproof and fireproof performance, the stones can improve the overall strength and bearing capacity after the concrete is solidified, the stone powder strengthens the viscosity of refractory bricks, pores are formed in the reduced insulating layer 14, the insulation layer can well adapt to thermal expansion and cold contraction, the support of the support 2 can prevent collapse under the supporting action, the load of the moisture-proof mechanism 9 is reduced, and the insulating layer is suitable for operation of the moisture-proof mechanism 9.

It should be noted that the above embodiments belong to the same inventive concept, and the description of each embodiment has a different emphasis, and reference may be made to the description in other embodiments where the description in individual embodiments is not detailed.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a novel carborundum structure at bottom of furnace, includes oven (1), fire door (7) have been seted up in the outside of oven (1), the top fixed mounting of oven (1) has collection petticoat pipe (4), its characterized in that, the bottom fixed mounting of oven (1) has furnace base (8), base (10) are installed to the bottom of furnace base (8), firebrick layer (12) have been arranged to the inside of furnace base (8), insulating layer (14) that are located firebrick layer (12) bottom have been arranged to the inside of furnace base (8), the inside of furnace base (8) is arranged and is located lower firebrick layer (13) of insulating layer (14) bottom.

2. A novel silicon carbide hearth structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the outside of the furnace wall (1) is provided with a ring (3), the ring (3) is positioned below the fume collecting hood (4), the bottom of the ring (3) is fixedly provided with a bracket (2) fixedly connected with a base (10), the brackets (2) are distributed equidistantly, and the positions of the brackets (2) and the position of the furnace mouth (7) are mutually and alternately distributed.

3. A novel silicon carbide hearth structure according to claim 1, characterized in that a high temperature resistant fire cloth (11) is arranged inside the hearth (8) outside the insulating layer (14) and the lower firebrick layer (13), the top of the high temperature resistant fire cloth (11) is located in the middle of the insulating layer (14), the insulating layer (14) is not provided outside the upper firebrick layer (12), the insulating layer (14) wraps the outside of the upper firebrick layer (12), and the upper firebrick layer (12) is located inside the hearth (8), but actually there is no contact between the firebrick layer (12) and the hearth (8).

4. The novel silicon carbide hearth structure according to claim 1, wherein the upper refractory brick layer (12) and the lower refractory brick layer (13) are provided with equally spaced holes in the inner portions thereof, the holes are in the transverse direction, and the refractory bricks are staggered and not communicated with each other in the arrangement.

5. The novel silicon carbide hearth structure according to claim 1, wherein said insulating layer (14) comprises 1 part of cement, 2 parts of sand, 4 parts of stone + 1 part of cement, 3 parts of stone powder and 6 parts of stone, which are mixed and then solidified, and a ceramic interlayer is provided inside the insulating layer (14).

6. The novel silicon carbide hearth structure according to claim 1, wherein said insulating layer (14) comprises 0.05 parts of foaming agent, 2 parts of cement, 6 parts of stone powder, 4 parts of pebble and 1 part of fly ash, which are mixed and then solidified, and a ceramic interlayer is provided inside the insulating layer (14).

7. The novel silicon carbide hearth structure according to claim 1, wherein a moisture-proof mechanism (9) located at the bottom of the lower refractory brick layer (13) is arranged inside the hearth (8), a flue gas pipe (5) communicated with the moisture-proof mechanism (9) is communicated with the top of the fume collecting hood (4), and an axial flow fan (6) is fixedly installed inside the flue gas pipe (5).

8. The novel silicon carbide hearth structure according to claim 7, wherein the moisture-proof mechanism (9) comprises a shell (901), a support plate (903), a gas distribution ring (904) and a communication pipe (902), the shell (901) is hollow, the gas distribution ring (904) is arranged at the center of the interior of the shell (901), the support plate (903) which is positioned outside the gas distribution ring (904) and distributed annularly at equal intervals is arranged inside the shell (901), the communication pipe (902) is communicated with the left end and the right end of the shell (901), the communication pipe (902) positioned on the right side is communicated with the flue gas pipe (5), a refractory brick partition layer is arranged between the moisture-proof mechanism (9) and the high-temperature-resistant fireproof cloth (11), and the partition layer is formed by stacking.

9. The novel silicon carbide hearth structure according to claim 8, wherein the supporting plate (903) at the front side and the supporting plate (903) at the rear side are fixedly connected with the shell (901), and a gap is formed between the supporting plate (903) and the gas distribution ring (904).