CN113931169A - Bias multi-arch tunnel portal soft foundation zone combined structure and construction method - Google Patents
Bias multi-arch tunnel portal soft foundation zone combined structure and construction method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a combined structure of a soft foundation zone at an entrance of a bias multi-arch tunnel and a construction method thereof, wherein the combined structure comprises the following components: an inverted-T-shaped offset wall, a foundation plate, an inverted-T-shaped intermediate wall, an anti-overturning bearing pile, a wall anchor pulling pile, an intermediate wall bearing pile, an intermediate wall anchor pulling pile and a compression pile. The invention optimizes the size of the traditional biased retaining wall by fully utilizing the lower bearing layer of the soft foundation, increases the height of part of the traditional intermediate wall, designs and arranges pile foundations of different types, can avoid treating the soft foundation with recurrence, and avoids the occurrence of disasters of the upper tunnel structure caused by the property change of the soft foundation caused by the change of the underground water environment and the like for a long time. The construction method of the combined structure has the advantages of mature technical scheme, strong operability and obvious economic benefit, and is particularly suitable for special geological condition environments such as poor and uneven foundation conditions of the tunnel portal section of the offset multi-arch tunnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bias multi-arch tunnels and foundation engineering, and particularly relates to a combined structure of a soft foundation zone at an entrance of a bias multi-arch tunnel and a construction method.
Background
In recent years, the scale of the construction of highways and railways in cities or mountain areas is continuously enlarged, and compared with the conventional lines distributed in a flat and wide area, the design space of the lines limited to the existing narrow area and complex environment and the optimization design target of the line distance are allowed to generate a plurality of bias tunnels penetrating through valleys in mountain-shaped mountain areas. Meanwhile, the multiple arch tunnel is favored and applied in the highway or railway tunnel due to reasonable routing and space utilization, so that the bias multiple arch tunnel becomes a novel and difficult project in related engineering design and construction. Compared with other sections, the tunnel portal section has the characteristics of the tunnel portal section, and surrounding rocks of the tunnel portal section are generally severely weathered, have more joints, faults and broken zones and often have the phenomenon of shallow buried bias voltage. The tunnel portal section has a large excavation section, and slight improper construction can cause safety accidents such as large surrounding rock deformation, damaged supporting structure, collapse and roof fall, slope slippage and the like after the portal section is excavated. The reasonability of the bias multi-arch tunnel portal section in the aspect of design and the construction level in the aspect of construction greatly influence and control the later service state of the tunnel, particularly the portal section positioned on a soft foundation, and related engineering problems are more frequent. Among them, the problem of exposure in construction is often caused by a mistake or deficiency in design. For the soft foundation opening section of the bias multi-arch tunnel, the engineering problem generated by the soft foundation of the local area strip (zone) is obviously more than that generated by the soft foundation of the whole zone. The reason for this is that: the zone soft foundation has imperfect treatment on treatment, the upper tunnel structure and the lower foundation (foundation) of the soft zone are separated under the action of bias voltage, and the weak and hard zone has uneven settlement in the service period of the bias voltage double-arch tunnel. In addition, the bias treatment method and the structure type of the tunnel portal section of the bias multi-arch tunnel have important influence on the long-term service safety of the tunnel, and the traditional structural design method taking the heavy bias retaining wall as the main anti-bias structure not only occupies larger using space of the portal section, but also has serious potential engineering disaster risk of overturn failure in weak zones. Therefore, for the soft foundation zone of the bias multi-arch tunnel portal, the relevant problems in the aspects of design and construction should be comprehensively considered, necessary design method innovation is carried out, and a reliable construction process method is formed.
The invention aims to perform the innovative design of the soft foundation zone foundation from the engineering problem reasons of the soft foundation zone of the bias multi-arch tunnel portal according to the design and construction thinking of comprehensive consideration, long-term reliability, classification optimization and combined bearing, provides a novel intermediate wall and bias retaining wall graded bearing offset load type, and performs combined design on the intermediate wall and the bias retaining wall to form a combined structure of the soft foundation zone of the bias multi-arch tunnel portal coordinated stress and joint work. And finally, a matched construction method with reasonable working procedures, convenient operation, high efficiency and reliability is provided, and the construction level of the soft foundation zone of the bias multi-arch tunnel portal is promoted and improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a combined structure of a soft foundation zone at an entrance of a bias arch tunnel and a construction method thereof.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A combined structure of a soft foundation zone of a bias multi-arch tunnel portal is characterized by comprising: the inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall, the foundation plate, the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall, the anti-overturning bearing pile, the retaining wall anchor pile, the intermediate wall bearing pile, the intermediate wall anchor pile and the compression pile; the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall is arranged at a bias front port of the main hole of the soft foundation zone of the bias multi-arch tunnel, and the base plate is arranged at the lower part of the main hole of the soft foundation zone of the bias multi-arch tunnel; the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall is arranged between a main hole of a soft foundation zone of the bias multi-arch tunnel and a main hole of a foundation section with good properties; the anti-overturning bearing pile is arranged at the front toe section of the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall 1; the retaining wall anchor pulling pile is arranged at the rear toe section of the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall; the middle wall pressure-bearing pile is arranged at the front toe section of the inverted T-shaped middle wall; the middle partition wall anchor pulling pile is arranged at the rear toe section of the inverted T-shaped middle partition wall; the compression piles are arranged at the lower part of the base plate.
As a specific technical scheme, the anti-overturning pressure-bearing pile, the intermediate wall pressure-bearing pile and the pressure-bearing pile are designed and arranged according to a pressure-bearing pile calculation method, and the pile end is ensured to penetrate through the soft foundation layer to reach the lower supporting layer.
As a specific technical scheme, the retaining wall anchor pile is designed and arranged according to a uplift pile calculation method; when the retaining wall anchor pulling pile penetrates through the soft foundation layer to reach the lower bearing layer, the pile end of the retaining wall anchor pulling pile is designed according to a normal section pile shape; when the pile end of the retaining wall anchor pile pulling is located at the soft foundation layer, the pile end of the retaining wall anchor pile pulling is designed according to the expanded head pile type.
As a specific technical scheme, the intermediate wall anchor pile is designed and arranged according to a micro steel pipe uplift pile calculation method.
As a specific technical scheme, the width of the front toe plate of the inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall is designed according to an anti-overturning analysis calculation method of the retaining wall, and is multiplied by a reduction coefficient of 0.3-0.7 on the basis; the width of the rear toe board of the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall is 0.25-0.3 time of the width of the cross section of the main hole of the soft foundation zone of the bias multi-arch tunnel; the height of the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall is 0.15-0.30 times of the main hole of the soft foundation zone of the bias multi-arch tunnel.
As a specific technical scheme, a wall body of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall is of a curved intermediate wall type; the width of a front toe plate and the width of a rear toe plate of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall are both 0.25-0.3 times of the width of the cross section of the main hole of the offset multi-arch tunnel; the wall body width of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall is designed according to a tunnel structure calculation analysis method; and the upper opening of the wall body of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall is 0.10-0.25 m higher than the cross section of the main hole in the soft foundation zone of the bias multi-arch tunnel.
As a specific technical scheme, the width of the base plate is the difference between the main hole cross section width of the soft foundation zone of the offset multi-arch tunnel and the width of the rear toe plate of the inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall and the width of the front toe plate of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall, so that the inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall, the base plate and the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall are connected through reinforcing steel bars and finally integrated into a whole through concrete pouring.
As a specific technical scheme, the anti-overturning pressure-bearing pile, the mid-partition pressure-bearing pile and the pressure-bearing pile are cast-in-place piles; pile body reinforcing steel bars of the anti-overturning bearing pile, the intermediate wall bearing pile and the pressed pile are respectively connected with a front toe plate of the inverted T-shaped biased retaining wall, a front toe plate of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall and inner reinforcing steel bars of the base plate.
As a specific technical scheme, the retaining wall anchor pile is a cast-in-place pile, and a pile body steel bar of the retaining wall anchor pile is connected with a steel bar in a toe board of the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall.
As a specific technical scheme, the middle partition wall anchor-pulling pile is a miniature steel pipe pile, and steel bars in a pile body of the middle partition wall anchor-pulling pile are connected with steel bars in a rear toe plate of the inverted T-shaped middle partition wall.
As a specific technical scheme, anchor pulling is respectively carried out on the junction of the wall body and the front toe board of the inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall and the junction of the wall body and the rear toe board of the inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall; and respectively carrying out anchor pulling on the wall body of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall and the front toe board thereof and the junction part of the wall body of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall and the rear toe board thereof.
A construction method of a combined structure of a soft foundation zone of a biasing multi-arch tunnel portal is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, construction preparation;
s2, constructing a soft foundation access road;
s3 construction of reverse T-shaped bias retaining wall
S3-1, constructing a lower pile foundation: paying off according to the design position of the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall, and marking pile hole positions corresponding to the anti-overturning pressure-bearing pile and the retaining wall anchor pulling pile; performing the operation construction of an anti-overturning pressure-bearing pile and a retaining wall anchor pile according to the cast-in-place pile construction method; wherein, the length of the anti-overturning pressure-bearing pile is strictly ensured, so that the pile end of the anti-overturning pressure-bearing pile is completely seated on the lower bearing layer, and necessary detection and evaluation are carried out; when the retaining wall anchor-pulling pile passes through the soft foundation layer to reach the lower bearing layer, the pile end of the retaining wall anchor-pulling pile is designed according to the normal section pile shape; when the pile end of the retaining wall anchor-pulling pile is positioned on the soft foundation layer, the pile end of the retaining wall anchor-pulling pile is designed according to the enlarged head pile type so as to meet the anchor pulling effect on the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall;
s3-2, constructing an upper structure: after the pile body strength of the anti-overturning bearing pile and the retaining wall anchor pile-pulling reaches the design standard and is detected to be qualified, erecting a formwork to carry out the operation construction of the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall; wherein, when the inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall is constructed, the lap joint with the reserved steel bars of the lower foundation pile is reasonably processed; when necessary, applying prestress to the retaining wall anchor pile so as to increase the structural connection between the retaining wall anchor pile and the T-shaped bias retaining wall;
s4 construction of inverted T-shaped intermediate wall
S4-1, performing middle pilot tunnel excavation construction along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and performing temporary steel support supporting;
s4-2, constructing a lower pile foundation: paying off according to the design position of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall, and marking the pile hole positions corresponding to the pressure-bearing piles and the anchor pulling piles of the intermediate wall; carrying out operation construction of an intermediate wall pressure-bearing pile according to a cast-in-place pile construction method, and carrying out operation construction of an intermediate wall anchor pile according to a miniature steel pipe pile construction method; wherein, the bearing pile of the intermediate wall needs to strictly ensure the pile length so that the pile end is completely seated on the good bearing layer, and necessary detection and evaluation are carried out; the middle partition wall anchor-pulling pile is characterized in that holes are arranged on the miniature steel pipe according to quincunx hole sites, slurry enters a soft foundation body through certain grouting pressure injection in construction, the hardening of a soil body in the range of the periphery of a pile body is achieved, a pile-soil complex is finally formed, and the anchor-pulling effect on the inverted T-shaped middle partition wall is exerted together;
s4-3, constructing an upper structure: after the pile body strength of the pressure-bearing pile and the anchor pulling pile of the intermediate wall reaches the design standard and is detected to be qualified, a formwork is erected to carry out the operation construction of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall; wherein, when the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall is constructed, the lap joint with the reserved steel bars of the lower foundation pile is reasonably processed; if necessary, prestress is applied to the intermediate wall anchor-pulling pile so as to increase the structural connection of the intermediate wall pressure-bearing pile and the intermediate wall anchor-pulling pile;
s5 construction of main hole of soft foundation zone of bias multi-arch tunnel
S5-1, performing main hole excavation construction along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and performing temporary steel support supporting;
s5-2, constructing a lower pile foundation: paying off according to the design position of the base plate, and marking the hole position of the corresponding pressed pile; carrying out operation construction of the pressed pile according to a cast-in-place pile construction method; wherein, the length of the pressed pile needs to be strictly ensured so that the pile end is completely seated on a good bearing layer, and necessary detection and evaluation are carried out;
s5-3, constructing a base plate: after the pile body strength of the pressed pile reaches the design standard and is detected to be qualified, erecting a formwork to carry out operation construction on a base plate; wherein, during the construction of the base plate, the lap joint with the reserved steel bars of the lower pressed pile is reasonably processed;
and S5-4, constructing a main hole structure.
After the maintenance of the inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall is finished, a pile loading test is carried out in a front toe board area according to a later-stage offset continuous tunnel offset load value so as to detect and measure the compression bearing capacity of the anti-overturning pressure-bearing pile and the anchor-pulling bearing capacity of the retaining wall anchor-pulling pile.
Specifically, when the base plate is constructed, the joint of the base plate and the rear toe plate of the inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall and the front toe plate of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall is subjected to seam treatment, so that the base plate, the rear toe plate of the inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall and the front toe plate of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall are integrated.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the invention fully utilizes the bearing layer under the soft foundation to design and arrange different types of pile foundations aiming at the special engineering conditions of the soft foundation zone at the entrance of the bias multi-arch tunnel, improves the horizontal bearing capacity of the bias retaining wall and the intermediate wall, can effectively reduce the offset and uneven settlement of the bias retaining wall and the intermediate wall, can save the construction step of treating the recurrent soft foundation, and can avoid the property change of the soft foundation caused by the change of the underground water environment and the like so as to further cause the disaster of the upper tunnel structure.
2) The invention reasonably utilizes the lower space, increases the height of part of the traditional intermediate wall and strengthens the base of the intermediate wall on the basis of designing and arranging different types of piles, so that the intermediate wall fully plays a role of resisting bias pressure, and mechanical conditions are provided for optimizing the size of the bias retaining wall, therefore, the size of the bias retaining wall is far smaller than that of the traditional bias retaining wall, and the upper use space is saved.
3) The invention realizes the integration of the intermediate wall, the base plate and the bias retaining wall through the combined structure of the intermediate wall, the base plate and the bias retaining wall, thereby forming a grid-frame integrated structure similar to an inverted pi shape, being beneficial to the long-term safety of a tunnel structure, and providing reliable mechanical support for the three parts through various foundations at the lower parts of the three parts, thereby realizing the long-term stability of an integral structure system.
4) The construction method of the combined structure has the advantages of mature technical scheme, high construction quality, strong operability and obvious economic benefit, is particularly suitable for special geological condition environments such as poor and uneven foundation conditions of the tunnel portal section of the offset multi-arch tunnel, and has wide popularization value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an elevation view of a combined structure of a soft foundation zone at an entrance of a biased multi-arch tunnel according to the present invention when pile ends of retaining wall anchor-pulled piles are designed in accordance with a normal section pile shape;
FIG. 2 is an elevation view of a combined structure of a soft foundation zone at an entrance of a biased multi-arch tunnel according to the present invention when pile ends of retaining wall anchor-pulled piles are designed in accordance with an enlarged head pile type;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a micro steel pipe pile according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the construction method of the present invention;
the meanings of the marks in the above figures are as follows: 1-inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall, 2-base plate, 3-inverted T-shaped intermediate wall, 4-anti-overturning bearing pile, 5-retaining wall anchor pulling pile, 6-intermediate wall bearing pile, 7-intermediate wall anchor pulling pile and 8-compression pile.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a combined structure of a soft foundation zone at an entrance of a bias arch tunnel includes: the inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall comprises an inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall 1, a base plate 2, an inverted T-shaped intermediate wall 3, an anti-overturning pressure-bearing pile 4, a retaining wall anchor pile 5, an intermediate wall pressure-bearing pile 6, an intermediate wall anchor pile 7 and a compression pile 8; the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall 1 is arranged at a bias front port of a main hole of a soft foundation zone of the bias multi-arch tunnel, and the base plate 2 is arranged at the lower part of the main hole of the soft foundation zone of the bias multi-arch tunnel; the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall 3 is arranged between a main hole of a soft foundation zone of the bias multi-arch tunnel and a main hole of a foundation section with good properties; the anti-overturning pressure-bearing pile 4 is arranged at the front toe section of the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall 1; the retaining wall anchor pile 5 is arranged at the rear toe section of the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall 1; the middle wall pressure-bearing pile 6 is arranged at the front toe section of the inverted T-shaped middle wall 3; the middle partition wall anchor pulling pile 7 is arranged at the rear toe section of the inverted T-shaped middle partition wall 3; the pressure-bearing piles 8 are arranged at the lower part of the base plate 2;
the anti-overturning pressure-bearing piles 4, the intermediate wall pressure-bearing piles 6 and the pressure-bearing piles 8 are designed and arranged according to a pressure-bearing pile calculation method, and the pile ends are ensured to penetrate through the soft foundation layer to reach the lower bearing layer; the retaining wall anchor pile 5 is designed and arranged according to a uplift pile calculation method; referring to fig. 1, when the retaining wall anchor pull-out pile 5 passes through the soft foundation layer to reach the lower bearing layer, the pile end of the retaining wall anchor pull-out pile 5 is designed according to the normal section pile shape; referring to fig. 2, when the pile end of the retaining wall anchor-pulling pile 5 is located on the soft foundation layer, the pile end of the retaining wall anchor-pulling pile 5 is designed according to the enlarged head pile type; the width of the front toe board of the inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall 1 is designed according to an anti-overturning analysis and calculation method of the retaining wall, and is multiplied by a reduction coefficient of 0.3-0.7 on the basis; the width of the rear toe board of the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall 1 is 0.25-0.3 times of the width of the cross section of the main hole of the soft foundation zone of the bias multi-arch tunnel; the height of the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall 1 is 0.15-0.30 times of the main hole of the soft foundation zone of the bias multi-arch tunnel.
Further, in a preferred embodiment, the intermediate wall anchor-pulling pile 7 is designed and arranged according to a micro steel pipe uplift pile calculation method.
Further, in a preferred embodiment, the wall body of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall 3 is of a curved intermediate wall type; the width of a front toe plate and the width of a rear toe plate of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall 3 are both 0.25-0.3 times of the width of the cross section of the main hole of the offset multi-arch tunnel; the wall body width of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall 3 is designed according to a tunnel structure calculation analysis method; the upper opening of the wall body of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall 3 is 0.10-0.25 m higher than the cross section of the main hole of the soft foundation zone of the bias multi-arch tunnel.
Further, in a preferred embodiment, the width of the base plate 2 is the difference between the main hole cross-sectional width of the soft foundation zone of the offset double arch tunnel and the widths of the rear toe plates of the inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall 1 and the front toe plates of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall 3, so as to ensure that the inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall 1, the base plate 2 and the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall 3 are coupled by reinforcing bars and finally cast into one body by concrete.
Further, in a preferred embodiment, the anti-overturning pressure-bearing pile 4, the intermediate wall pressure-bearing pile 6 and the pressure-bearing pile 8 are cast-in-place piles; pile body reinforcing steel bars of the anti-overturning bearing piles 4, the intermediate wall bearing piles 6 and the compression piles 8 are respectively connected with front toe plates of the inverted T-shaped biased retaining walls 1, front toe plates of the inverted T-shaped intermediate walls 3 and inner reinforcing steel bars of the base plates 2.
Further, in a preferred embodiment, the retaining wall anchor pile 5 is a cast-in-place pile, and its pile body reinforcement is connected with the reinforcement in the toe board of the inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall 1.
Further, in a preferred embodiment, the intermediate wall anchor pile 7 is a micro steel pipe pile, and the steel bars in the pile body of the micro steel pipe pile are connected with the steel bars in the toe board of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall 3.
Further, in a preferred embodiment, referring to fig. 1, anchor pulling is performed at the junction of the wall body and the front toe plate of the inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall, and the wall body and the rear toe plate of the inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall 1, respectively; and respectively performing anchor pulling at the junction parts of the wall body of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall and the front toe board thereof and the wall body of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall 3 and the rear toe board thereof.
Example 2
A construction method of a combined structure of a soft foundation zone at an entrance of a bias multi-arch tunnel, please refer to fig. 1 to 4, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation for construction
According to the material list of each component of the bias multi-arch tunnel portal soft foundation zone combined structure and the requirements of mechanical equipment, material preparation is carried out; wherein, the specification and the size of each template component are strictly approved; cleaning a field, and providing necessary construction operation environment and conditions;
s2 construction of soft foundation access roads
In order to ensure that the subsequent construction is smoothly carried out, the soft foundation is appropriately treated, and corresponding carrying platform access roads are laid;
s3 construction of reverse T-shaped bias retaining wall
S3-1, constructing a lower pile foundation: paying off according to the design position of the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall 1, and marking pile hole positions corresponding to the anti-overturning pressure-bearing pile 4 and the retaining wall anchor pile 5; performing operation construction of an anti-overturning pressure-bearing pile 4 and a retaining wall anchor pile 5 according to a cast-in-place pile construction method; wherein, the anti-overturning pressure-bearing pile 4 should strictly ensure the pile length so that the pile end is completely seated on the lower bearing layer, and necessary detection and evaluation are carried out; when the retaining wall anchor-pulling pile 5 passes through the soft foundation layer to reach the lower bearing layer, the pile end of the retaining wall anchor-pulling pile 5 is designed according to the normal section pile shape; when the pile end of the retaining wall anchor-pulling pile 5 is positioned on the soft foundation layer, the pile end of the retaining wall anchor-pulling pile 5 is designed according to the enlarged head pile type so as to meet the anchor pulling effect on the inverted T-shaped biased retaining wall 1;
s3-2, constructing an upper structure: after the pile body strength of the anti-overturning pressure-bearing pile 4 and the retaining wall anchor-pulling pile 5 reaches the design standard and is detected to be qualified, erecting a formwork to carry out the operation construction of the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall 1; wherein, when the inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall 1 is constructed, the lap joint with the reserved steel bars of the lower foundation pile is reasonably processed; if necessary, applying prestress to the retaining wall anchor pile 5 to increase the structural connection between the retaining wall anchor pile 5 and the T-shaped offset retaining wall 1; after the inverted T-shaped biased retaining wall 1 is maintained, carrying out a pile loading test in a front toe board area according to a later biased load value of a tunnel to detect and measure the compression bearing capacity of the anti-overturning pressure-bearing pile 4 and the anchor-pulling bearing capacity of the retaining wall anchor-pulling pile 5;
s4 construction of inverted T-shaped intermediate wall
S4-1, performing middle pilot tunnel excavation construction along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and performing temporary steel support supporting;
s4-2, constructing a lower pile foundation: paying off according to the design position of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall 3, and marking pile hole positions corresponding to the intermediate wall pressure-bearing pile 6 and the intermediate wall anchor pulling pile 7; carrying out operation construction of an intermediate wall pressure-bearing pile 6 according to a cast-in-place pile construction method, and carrying out operation construction of an intermediate wall anchor pile 7 according to a miniature steel pipe pile construction method; wherein, the intermediate wall pressure-bearing pile 6 needs to strictly ensure the pile length so that the pile end is completely seated on a good bearing layer, and necessary detection and evaluation are carried out; referring to fig. 3, the intermediate wall anchor pile 7 is drilled on the micro steel pipe according to quincunx hole sites, and is injected into the soft ground matrix slurry by a certain grouting pressure during construction to harden the soil body in the range of the periphery of the pile body, so as to finally form a pile-soil complex and play a role of pulling and anchoring the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall 3 together;
s4-3, constructing an upper structure: after the pile body strength of the intermediate wall pressure-bearing pile 6 and the intermediate wall anchor pulling pile 7 reaches the design standard and is detected to be qualified, a formwork is erected to carry out operation construction on the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall 3; wherein, when the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall 3 is constructed, the lap joint with the reserved steel bars of the lower foundation pile is reasonably processed; if necessary, prestress is applied to the intermediate wall anchor-pulling pile 7 to increase the structural connection of the intermediate wall pressure-bearing pile 6 and the intermediate wall anchor-pulling pile 7;
s5 construction of main hole of soft foundation zone of bias multi-arch tunnel
S5-1, performing main hole excavation construction along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and performing temporary steel support supporting;
s5-2, constructing a lower pile foundation: paying off according to the design position of the base plate 2, and marking the hole positions of 8 corresponding pressed piles; carrying out operation construction of the pressed pile 8 according to a cast-in-place pile construction method; wherein, the length of the pressed pile 8 is strictly ensured so that the pile end is completely seated on a good bearing layer, and necessary detection and evaluation are carried out;
s5-3, constructing the base plate 2: after the pile body strength of the pressed pile 8 reaches the design standard and is detected to be qualified, erecting a formwork to carry out operation construction on the base plate 2; wherein, the lap joint with the reserved steel bars of the lower pressed pile 8 is reasonably processed when the base plate 2 is constructed; when the base plate 2 is constructed, the joint of the base plate 2 and the rear toe plate of the inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall 1 and the front toe plate of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall 3 is subjected to seam treatment, so that the base plate, the rear toe plate and the front toe plate are integrated.
And S5-4, constructing a main hole structure.
Claims (11)
1. A combined structure of a soft foundation zone of a bias multi-arch tunnel portal is characterized by comprising: the inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall, the foundation plate, the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall, the anti-overturning bearing pile, the retaining wall anchor pile, the intermediate wall bearing pile, the intermediate wall anchor pile and the compression pile; the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall is arranged at a bias front port of the main hole of the soft foundation zone of the bias multi-arch tunnel, and the base plate is arranged at the lower part of the main hole of the soft foundation zone of the bias multi-arch tunnel; the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall is arranged between a main hole of a soft foundation zone of the bias multi-arch tunnel and a main hole of a foundation section with good properties; the anti-overturning bearing pile is arranged at the front toe section of the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall; the retaining wall anchor pulling pile is arranged at the rear toe section of the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall; the middle wall pressure-bearing pile is arranged at the front toe section of the inverted T-shaped middle wall; the middle partition wall anchor pulling pile is arranged at the rear toe section of the inverted T-shaped middle partition wall; the compression piles are arranged at the lower part of the base plate;
the anti-overturning pressure-bearing piles, the mid-partition pressure-bearing piles and the pressure-bearing piles are designed and arranged according to a pressure-bearing pile calculation method, and the pile ends are ensured to penetrate through the soft foundation layer to reach the lower bearing layer;
the retaining wall anchor pile pulling is designed and arranged according to a uplift pile calculation method; when the retaining wall anchor pulling pile penetrates through the soft foundation layer to reach the lower bearing layer, the pile end of the retaining wall anchor pulling pile is designed according to a normal section pile shape; when the pile end of the retaining wall anchor pulling pile is positioned on the soft foundation layer, the pile end of the retaining wall anchor pulling pile is designed according to the expanded head pile type;
the width of the front toe board of the inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall is designed according to an anti-overturning analysis calculation method of the retaining wall, and is multiplied by a reduction coefficient of 0.3-0.7 on the basis; the width of the rear toe board of the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall is 0.25-0.3 time of the width of the cross section of the main hole of the soft foundation zone of the bias multi-arch tunnel; the height of the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall is 0.15-0.30 times of the main hole of the soft foundation zone of the bias multi-arch tunnel.
2. The bias voltage multi-arch tunnel portal soft foundation zone combined structure according to claim 1, wherein: the middle partition wall anchor pile is designed and arranged according to a micro steel pipe uplift pile calculation method.
3. The bias voltage multi-arch tunnel portal soft foundation zone combined structure according to claim 1, wherein: the wall body of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall is of a curved intermediate wall type; the width of a front toe plate and the width of a rear toe plate of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall are both 0.25-0.3 times of the width of the cross section of the main hole of the offset multi-arch tunnel; the wall body width of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall is designed according to a tunnel structure calculation analysis method; and the upper opening of the wall body of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall is 0.10-0.25 m higher than the cross section of the main hole in the soft foundation zone of the bias multi-arch tunnel.
4. The bias voltage multi-arch tunnel portal soft foundation zone combined structure according to claim 1, wherein: the width of the base plate is the difference between the width of the cross section of the main hole of the soft foundation zone of the offset multi-arch tunnel and the width of the rear toe plate of the inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall and the width of the front toe plate of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall, so that the inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall, the base plate and the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall are connected through reinforcing steel bars and finally integrated through concrete pouring.
5. The bias voltage multi-arch tunnel portal soft foundation zone combined structure according to claim 1, wherein: the anti-overturning bearing pile, the mid-partition wall bearing pile and the pressed pile are cast-in-place piles; pile body reinforcing steel bars of the anti-overturning bearing pile, the intermediate wall bearing pile and the pressed pile are respectively connected with a front toe plate of the inverted T-shaped biased retaining wall, a front toe plate of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall and inner reinforcing steel bars of the base plate.
6. The bias voltage multi-arch tunnel portal soft foundation zone combined structure according to claim 1, wherein: the retaining wall anchor pile is a cast-in-place pile, and a pile body steel bar of the retaining wall anchor pile is connected with a steel bar in a toe board of the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall.
7. The bias voltage multi-arch tunnel portal soft foundation zone combined structure according to claim 1, wherein: the middle partition wall anchor pile is a miniature steel pipe pile, and steel bars in a pile body of the middle partition wall anchor pile are connected with steel bars in a rear toe board of the inverted T-shaped middle partition wall.
8. The bias voltage multi-arch tunnel portal soft foundation zone combined structure according to claim 1, wherein: respectively carrying out anchor pulling on the wall body of the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall and the front toe plate thereof and the junction part of the wall body of the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall and the rear toe plate thereof; and respectively carrying out anchor pulling on the wall body of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall and the front toe board thereof and the junction part of the wall body of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall and the rear toe board thereof.
9. A construction method of a combined structure of a soft foundation zone of a biasing multi-arch tunnel portal is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, construction preparation;
s2, constructing a soft foundation access road;
s3 construction of reverse T-shaped bias retaining wall
S3-1, constructing a lower pile foundation: paying off according to the design position of the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall, and marking pile hole positions corresponding to the anti-overturning pressure-bearing pile and the retaining wall anchor pulling pile; performing the operation construction of an anti-overturning pressure-bearing pile and a retaining wall anchor pile according to the cast-in-place pile construction method; wherein, the length of the anti-overturning pressure-bearing pile is strictly ensured, so that the pile end of the anti-overturning pressure-bearing pile is completely seated on the lower bearing layer, and necessary detection and evaluation are carried out; when the retaining wall anchor-pulling pile passes through the soft foundation layer to reach the lower bearing layer, the pile end of the retaining wall anchor-pulling pile is designed according to the normal section pile shape; when the pile end of the retaining wall anchor-pulling pile is positioned on the soft foundation layer, the pile end of the retaining wall anchor-pulling pile is designed according to the enlarged head pile type so as to meet the anchor pulling effect on the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall;
s3-2, constructing an upper structure: after the pile body strength of the anti-overturning bearing pile and the retaining wall anchor pile-pulling reaches the design standard and is detected to be qualified, erecting a formwork to carry out the operation construction of the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall; wherein, when the inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall is constructed, the lap joint with the reserved steel bars of the lower foundation pile is reasonably processed; when necessary, applying prestress to the retaining wall anchor pile so as to increase the structural connection between the retaining wall anchor pile and the inverted T-shaped bias retaining wall;
s4 construction of inverted T-shaped intermediate wall
S4-1, performing middle pilot tunnel excavation construction along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and performing temporary steel support supporting;
s4-2, constructing a lower pile foundation: paying off according to the design position of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall, and marking the pile hole positions corresponding to the pressure-bearing piles and the anchor pulling piles of the intermediate wall; carrying out operation construction of an intermediate wall pressure-bearing pile according to a cast-in-place pile construction method, and carrying out operation construction of an intermediate wall anchor pile according to a miniature steel pipe pile construction method; wherein, the bearing pile of the intermediate wall needs to strictly ensure the pile length so that the pile end is completely seated on the good bearing layer, and necessary detection and evaluation are carried out; the middle partition wall anchor-pulling pile is characterized in that holes are arranged on the miniature steel pipe according to quincunx hole sites, slurry enters a soft foundation body through certain grouting pressure injection in construction, the hardening of a soil body in the range of the periphery of a pile body is achieved, a pile-soil complex is finally formed, and the anchor-pulling effect on the inverted T-shaped middle partition wall is exerted together;
s4-3, constructing an upper structure: after the pile body strength of the pressure-bearing pile and the anchor pulling pile of the intermediate wall reaches the design standard and is detected to be qualified, a formwork is erected to carry out the operation construction of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall; wherein, when the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall is constructed, the lap joint with the reserved steel bars of the lower foundation pile is reasonably processed; if necessary, prestress is applied to the intermediate wall anchor-pulling pile so as to increase the structural connection of the intermediate wall pressure-bearing pile and the intermediate wall anchor-pulling pile;
s5 construction of main hole of soft foundation zone of bias multi-arch tunnel
S5-1, performing main hole excavation construction along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and performing temporary steel support supporting;
s5-2, constructing a lower pile foundation: paying off according to the design position of the base plate, and marking the hole positions of 8 corresponding pressed piles; carrying out operation construction of the pressed pile according to a cast-in-place pile construction method; wherein, the length of the pressed pile 8 is strictly ensured so that the pile end is completely seated on a good bearing layer, and necessary detection and evaluation are carried out;
s5-3, constructing a base plate: after the pile body strength of the pressed pile reaches the design standard and is detected to be qualified, erecting a formwork to carry out operation construction on a base plate; wherein, during the construction of the base plate, the lap joint with the reserved steel bars of the lower pressed pile is reasonably processed;
and S5-4, constructing a main hole structure.
10. The construction method of the combined structure of the soft foundation zone of the bias multi-arch tunnel portal according to claim 9, wherein: and after the inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall is maintained, carrying out a pile loading test in a front toe board area according to a later offset pressure continuous tunnel offset load value so as to detect and measure the compression bearing capacity of the anti-overturning bearing pile and the anchor-pulling bearing capacity of the retaining wall anchor-pulling pile.
11. The construction method of the combined structure of the soft foundation zone of the bias multi-arch tunnel portal according to claim 9, wherein: when the base plate is constructed, the joint of the base plate and the rear toe plate of the inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall and the front toe plate of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall is subjected to seam treatment, so that the base plate, the rear toe plate of the inverted T-shaped offset retaining wall and the front toe plate of the inverted T-shaped intermediate wall are integrated.
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