CN210482328U - Retaining unit and retaining structure for landslide - Google Patents
Retaining unit and retaining structure for landslide Download PDFInfo
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- CN210482328U CN210482328U CN201920527537.1U CN201920527537U CN210482328U CN 210482328 U CN210482328 U CN 210482328U CN 201920527537 U CN201920527537 U CN 201920527537U CN 210482328 U CN210482328 U CN 210482328U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a retaining unit and retaining structure of landslide. The supporting and blocking unit is of a reinforced concrete structure and comprises a top plate, a supporting beam and a pile body; the number of the supporting beams is at least two, each supporting beam is connected with at least two pile bodies, and the supporting beams and the pile bodies are arranged on the same side of the top plate; the length of the pile body can at least penetrate through a sliding belt of a landslide and reach a preset depth. The utility model also provides a retaining structure of landslide. Adopt the utility model discloses, through set up two at least retaining units side by side at large-scale and the toe of extra-large-scale landslide, can greatly improve the stability of large-scale and extra-large-scale landslide toe.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a geotechnical engineering field especially indicates a retaining unit and a retaining structure of landslide.
Background
China is a country with frequent geological disasters, and about 75 percent of China is landslide disasters. With the continuous erosion of the ground water, rock fractures are continuously developed, and stable mountains may deform and slide. Meanwhile, China is a multi-mountain country, railways and highways are located at the slope feet of the mountain body and are distributed along the bank of the water body, when the mountain body is subjected to water storage and rainstorm working conditions, the probability that the original stable mountain body can induce the formation of potential landslides is greatly increased, so that lines, vehicles and residents near the mountain body can be threatened, and therefore, corresponding engineering measures must be taken for comprehensive treatment.
However, the landslide control in the prior art mainly has the following problems that ① has great downward sliding force at the slope toe when large-scale and extra-large-scale landslide disasters occur, for example, the height of a landslide body exceeds 100m, the size of the landslide body is more than tens of millions, the conventional engineering measures cannot resist the great downward sliding force and cannot meet the requirements for stability and deformation of the mountain, and therefore adverse effects on line stability and train safety near the mountain can be caused, ② has the disadvantages that when one side of a line is located at the slope toe of the mountain and a river exists on the other side of the line, the water level is high due to underground water exposure, construction conditions of a conventional structure (such as a common anti-slide pile) cannot be provided, construction is greatly limited, even if huge cost is paid, engineering is changed, the landslide area is re-planned, landslide control force is reduced, the hidden danger of geological disasters still exists, in a serious case, the landslide is blocked, a blocked by the river, a blocked part can be blocked with all river channels to form a barrier dam, great threat to downstream, further economic cost is needed, the huge landslide control is further, the hidden danger of great expense is caused, and the great horizontal safety loss is caused, and ③ sections of the horizontal safety of the conventional landslide control cannot be caused.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the main object of the present invention is to provide a retaining unit and a retaining structure for landslide, which mainly solve the problem that the retaining structure adopted in the prior art cannot satisfy the stability of large-scale or ultra-large landslide slope toe.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is realized like this:
the utility model provides a retaining unit for landslide, which is of reinforced concrete structure and comprises a top plate, a supporting beam and a pile body;
the number of the supporting beams is at least two, each supporting beam is connected with at least two pile bodies, and the supporting beams and the pile bodies are arranged on the same side of the top plate;
the length of the pile body can at least penetrate through a sliding belt of a landslide and reach a preset depth.
Further, the supporting beam is connected with or arranged at intervals with the top plate; the number of the supporting beams is two, and the two supporting beams are arranged in parallel at intervals;
three pile bodies are arranged on each supporting beam in parallel at intervals; and three pile bodies on one support beam are aligned with three pile bodies on the other support beam one by one.
Further, the cross section of the pile body is circular, square or rectangular.
Further, the pile body is a cast-in-situ bored pile, a immersed tube cast-in-situ pile or a cast-in-situ bored pile.
Further, the diameter of the pile body is 1.5-2.5 m;
and/or the pile spacing between two adjacent pile bodies in three pile bodies arranged on each support beam at intervals in parallel is 3-5 times of the diameter of the pile body;
and/or the pile spacing between two pile bodies aligned one by one on the two support beams is 2-3 times of the diameter of the pile body.
Further, the height of the support beam is 1-2 times of the diameter of the pile body and is not less than 2 m; the width of the support beam is 1-2 times of the diameter of the pile body; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the height of the top plate is 0.8-1.5 m; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the length of the top plate is 10-15 m.
The second aspect of the present invention further provides a retaining structure for landslide, wherein the retaining structure comprises at least two retaining units;
all the supporting and retaining units are arranged side by side along the slope toe of the landslide body of the landslide;
the top plate and the supporting beam are both connected with the landslide body;
the pile body can at least penetrate through a sliding belt of the landslide and reach a preset depth.
Furthermore, a telescopic settlement joint is arranged between every two adjacent retaining units.
Further, the supporting and blocking structure further comprises a guardrail; the guardrail sets up the roof is kept away from one side of toe.
Further, the upper end surface of the top plate can be paved with roads and/or scenery viewing platforms.
The utility model provides a retaining unit and retaining structure of landslide sets up two at least retaining units side by side through the toe on large-scale and super large-scale landslide, can greatly improve the stability of large-scale and super large-scale landslide toe.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a retaining unit of a landslide according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a transverse view of a retaining unit of a landslide according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a longitudinal view of a retaining unit for landslide according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a retaining structure of a landslide according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a transverse schematic view of a retaining structure of a landslide according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a construction method of a retaining structure for landslide according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: a retaining unit 100; a top plate 1; a support beam 2; a pile body 3; a landslide body 200; a stable slider bed 300; the slide belt 400.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, the orientation or position relationship is based on the normal use status of the retaining structure, such as the orientation or position relationship shown in fig. 2 and fig. 4, wherein "up" is the upper direction of fig. 2, "height" is the upper and lower direction of fig. 2, "horizontal" is the front and back direction of fig. 4, and "vertical" is the front and back direction of fig. 4, it should be understood that these orientation terms are only used for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The large-scale landslide mainly means that the landslide volume is 30-100 ten thousand meters3The ultra-large landslide mainly means that the landslide volume is more than 100 ten thousand meters3The landslide of (1).
Example one
The embodiment of the utility model provides a landslide keep off unit 100, as shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, this keep off unit 100 is reinforced concrete structure, and a keep off unit 100 includes roof 1, a supporting beam 2 and pile body 3, and a supporting beam 2 is connected with roof 1, and pile body 3 is connected with a supporting beam 2.
Specifically, the retaining unit 100 of the present embodiment includes a top plate 1, two support beams 2 and six piles 3, wherein the two support beams 2 are disposed on the same side of the top plate 1 at parallel intervals. Every is provided with three pile body 3 on supporting beam 2, and three pile body 3 parallel interval sets up, and three pile body 3 on one of them supporting beam 2 aligns with three pile body 3 on another supporting beam 2 one by one. The length of the pilings 3 is such as to ensure that they can pass through the sliding belt 400 (see figure 5) of a landslide and reach a predetermined depth. The preset depth is obtained mainly by calculating parameters such as the strength of the stratum around the pile at the anchoring section of the pile body 3, landslide thrust, the rigidity of the pile body 3, the pile section, the pile distance and the like, and the specific calculation method is common knowledge in the field and is not described herein again.
In other embodiments, the number of the supporting beams 2 may be larger than two, but at least two supporting beams 2 are ensured, and at least two piles 3 are arranged on each supporting beam 2, the supporting beams 2 are not limited to be arranged in parallel at intervals, the piles 3 on the same supporting beam 2 are not limited to be arranged in parallel at intervals, and the piles 3 on different supporting beams 2 are not limited to be aligned one by one, in short, as long as at least two supporting beams 2 are ensured in the same retaining unit 100, and at least two piles 3 are arranged on each supporting beam 2, the supporting beams 2, the piles 3 and the top plate 1 can jointly form a rigid structural unit.
In other embodiments, two support beams 2 may not be connected to the top plate 1, for example, two support beams 2 may have a certain gap to the top plate 1, and the pile 3 is connected to the top plate 1 through the support beams 2.
Further, the cross section of the pile body 3 of the present embodiment is circular.
The common slide-resistant piles are generally rectangular slide-resistant piles, and the rectangular slide-resistant piles show better supporting and blocking effects than circular slide-resistant piles in sandy soil with different soil qualities on the premise that the rigidity of the slide-resistant piles is the same or the cross-sectional area and the area of the slide-resistant piles are equal. The pile rear sliding body supporting and blocking device is mainly characterized in that the overall supporting and blocking effect of the rectangular anti-sliding pile on the pile rear sliding body is good, and the average displacement of the pile rear sliding body is small; meanwhile, adjacent slide-resistant piles are usually connected through a pile plate wall, the maximum displacement of soil among rectangular slide-resistant piles is smaller than that of round slide-resistant piles with the same rigidity or the same area, and the method has important significance for the design of the pile plate wall and the determination of extrusion of a sliding body around the piles. In addition, the increase of the section radius of the circular anti-slide pile is not obvious to the supporting and retaining effect of the reinforced slide body, so that the rectangular anti-slide pile is more meaningful to control the side slide slope in general than the simple increase of the section radius of the circular anti-slide pile.
The pile body 3 of the present embodiment is cylindrical, and is different from a common circular slide-resistant pile in that six pile bodies 3, a top plate 1 and two support beams 2 are combined to form a structural unit (i.e., a retaining unit 100) through rigid connection, a pile wall is not arranged between the pile body 3 and the pile body 3, and when protection is actually performed, the same ends of the top plate 1 and the two support beams 2 are connected with a landslide body 200 (refer to fig. 5) of a large-scale landslide or an ultra-large-scale landslide. Since the retaining unit 100 has a high rigidity, it can withstand a relatively large downward sliding force without increasing the radius of the cross section of the pile body 3, as compared with a conventional circular slide pile.
Further, the pile body 3 of the present embodiment is a cast-in-place bored pile.
Ordinary rectangle friction pile is generally through the form of manual excavation subaerial pore-forming, but to being located the landslide of following river bank exhibition cloth, because groundwater is revealed and is leaded to the water level higher, so, can't be through the mode pore-forming of manual excavation in the higher stratum of groundwater water level, and the pile body 3 of this embodiment is cylindrical, consequently, can be through mechanical equipment pore-forming. The cast-in-situ bored pile is a pile body 3 formed by drilling and punching holes on the ground through mechanical equipment and pouring reinforced concrete, the length of the cast-in-situ bored pile can reach 80-100m, the bearing capacity of a single pile is high, and the cast-in-situ bored pile can be suitable for a stratum with a high groundwater level, so that the influence of the groundwater level on construction can be reduced.
In other embodiments, the pile body 3 may be a concrete cast-in-place pile such as a pipe-sinking cast-in-place pile or a cast-in-place pile. In other embodiments, the cross section of the pile body 3 may also be rectangular or square in shape.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the diameter D of the pile body 3 of the present embodiment is 1.5-2.5m, the larger the pile spacing between the three pile bodies 3 on the same support beam 2 is, the stronger the overall rigidity of the retaining unit 100 is, and the larger the downward sliding force it can bear is, so that the pile spacing between the three pile bodies 3 on the same support beam 2 can be properly increased under the permission of the site construction conditions. Preferably, in the three piles 3 spaced in parallel on each support beam 2 of the present embodiment, the pile spacing L1 between two adjacent piles 3 is 3-5 times the diameter D of the pile 3, and the pile spacing L2 between two piles 3 aligned one by one on two support beams 2 is 2-3 times the diameter D of the pile 3.
Further, the height H1 of the support beam 2 of the present embodiment is 1-2 times the diameter D of the pile 3 and is not less than 2 m.
The support beam 2 plays a positive role in enhancing the connection among the three pile bodies 3 on the same support beam 2, resisting uneven settlement of the pile bodies 3 and coordinating the joint deformation of the three pile bodies 3, so that the width L3 of the support beam 2 can be increased appropriately. Preferably, the width L3 of the support beam 2 is 1-2 times the diameter D of the pile body 3.
Further, large and ultra-large landslides are generally located at the sides of rivers and reservoirs with beautiful scenery, and thus, roads or landscape belts may be laid on the roof panel 1 to develop tourist projects, and in order to ensure that the roof panel 1 can bear a certain downward sliding force and can also bear the pressure applied to the roof panel 1 by the roads, the landscape belts and pedestrians, preferably, the height H2 of the roof panel 1 may be set to 0.8-1.5m, and the length H4 of the roof panel 1 may be set to 10-15 m.
It is understood that the various sizes of the retaining unit 100 provided above are only a suitable size range, and can be adjusted accordingly according to the concrete structural form of the landslide in the actual construction process.
Example two
The second embodiment of the present invention provides a retaining structure for landslide, and as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the retaining structure of this embodiment includes a plurality of retaining units 100 provided in the first embodiment; the supporting units 100 are arranged side by side along the slope toe of the landslide body 200 of the large-scale landslide or the ultra-large-scale landslide, the top plate 1 and the supporting beam 2 are connected with the slope toe, and the pile body 3 at least can penetrate through the sliding belt 400 of the landslide and extend into the stable slide bed 300 to reach a preset depth.
Further, a telescopic settlement joint (not shown) is arranged between two adjacent retaining units 100, that is, a certain gap is arranged between two adjacent retaining units 100, and the gap has both the function of an expansion joint and the function of a settlement joint, so that damage to the retaining structure caused by temperature stress and uneven settlement can be avoided.
Specifically, the upper end surface of the top plate 1 may be flush with the ground reference surface of the toe, or may be embedded into the ground, the transverse size of the supporting and retaining unit 100 is determined according to the arrangement form of the 3 pile bodies 3, and at the same time, the stability requirement should be satisfied, the longitudinal size of the supporting and retaining unit 100 should be set according to the arrangement form of the pile bodies 3 and the requirements of the relevant expansion joints, the number of the supporting and retaining units 100 is determined according to the longitudinal size of the toe of the slip mass 200 of the large-scale landslide or the ultra-large-scale landslide, but at least two supporting and retaining units 100 should be set.
The upper end face of the top plate 1 can also form an effective platform to avoid economic waste caused during secondary development. Meanwhile, the characteristics of the location of the project can be combined, facilities such as roads, viewing platforms and the like are arranged on the upper end face of the top plate 1, the local characteristics are developed in all aspects, and the local economic benefit is improved.
Further, the retaining structure still includes guardrail (not shown), and the guardrail setting is kept away from one side of toe at roof 1, and when setting up facilities such as road, sight platform at the up end of roof 1, the guardrail can play the guard action to pedestrian and visitor.
Compared with the common slide-resistant pile, the sliding resistance of the supporting and retaining structure provided by the embodiment can reach 4-6 times of that of the common slide-resistant pile, so that the supporting and retaining structure can effectively improve the stability of large and ultra-large landslide slope feet.
EXAMPLE III
The embodiment three provides a construction method of retaining structure of landslide, and this construction method mainly used is under construction to the retaining structure that embodiment two provided. As shown in fig. 6, the construction method mainly includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: slotting on a landslide body 200 at the foot of a landslide according to the set elevation and the set size of a top plate 1 and a support beam 2 of each supporting and retaining unit 100;
in actual construction, the number of the retaining units 100 should be determined according to the length of the toe, but at least two retaining units 100 should be provided. The top plate 1 and the supporting beam 2 can be excavated on the landslide body according to the set elevation and the set size by adopting professional equipment, and temporary protection can be constructed when necessary; the construction method is characterized in that a field needs to be leveled before construction, corresponding facilities need to be dismantled or temporarily moved if other facilities are arranged on an original slope toe, and temporary protection needs to be carried out on a mountain body when necessary.
Step two: excavating pile holes of the pile bodies 3 according to the set position and the set size of the pile body 3 of each supporting and retaining unit 100;
if the bored pile is drilled, holes can be formed by adopting a percussion drill, a rotary drill and the like.
It should be noted that there is no precedence order between step one and step two.
Step three: installing a reinforcement cage in the pile hole;
during actual construction, enough margin can be left for the length of the reinforcement cage, so that one end of the reinforcement cage outside the pile hole can be inserted into the support beam 2 or the top plate 1, and the rigidity of the retaining unit 100 is improved.
Step four: installing the template and the steel bar of the top plate, and the template and the steel bar of the supporting beam;
during actual construction, the length of the steel bars arranged in the height direction in the support beam 2 can be left enough, so that one end, close to the top plate 1, of the steel bars of the support beam 2 can be inserted into the formwork of the top plate 1, and the rigid connection among the pile body 3, the support beam 2 and the top plate 1 is further increased.
Step five: and pouring concrete to integrally connect the pile body 3, the top plate 1 and the support beam 2 of the same retaining unit 100.
Specifically, the retaining unit 100 is constructed in a cast-in-place manner, before casting, the templates and the steel bars of the top plate 1 and the support beam 2 are installed, then concrete is cast in the template of the pile hole, the top plate 1 and the support beam 2, and the pile body 3, the support beam 2 and the top plate 1 are connected into a whole. If the foundation pit is dug at the beginning of construction, the foundation pit also needs to be backfilled after the construction is finished.
The embodiments respectively provide a retaining unit, a retaining structure and a construction method for landslide, and the stability of large-scale and ultra-large-scale landslide toe can be greatly improved by arranging at least two retaining units at the toe of the large-scale and ultra-large-scale landslide side by side.
The above embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A retaining unit of a landslide is characterized in that the retaining unit is of a reinforced concrete structure and comprises a top plate, a supporting beam and a pile body;
the number of the supporting beams is at least two, each supporting beam is connected with at least two pile bodies, and the supporting beams and the pile bodies are arranged on the same side of the top plate;
the length of the pile body can at least penetrate through a sliding belt of a landslide and reach a preset depth.
2. The retaining unit of claim 1, wherein the support beam is connected to or spaced from the top plate; the number of the supporting beams is two, and the two supporting beams are arranged in parallel at intervals;
three pile bodies are arranged on each supporting beam in parallel at intervals; and three pile bodies on one support beam are aligned with three pile bodies on the other support beam one by one.
3. The retaining unit of claim 1 or 2, wherein the cross-section of the pile body is circular or rectangular in shape.
4. A retaining unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pile body is a cast-in-place bored pile, a cast-in-place bored pile or a cast-in-place bored pile.
5. The retaining unit of claim 4, wherein the diameter of the pile body is 1.5-2.5 m;
and/or the pile spacing between two adjacent pile bodies in three pile bodies arranged on each support beam at intervals in parallel is 3-5 times of the diameter of the pile body;
and/or the pile spacing between two pile bodies aligned one by one on the two support beams is 2-3 times of the diameter of the pile body.
6. The retaining unit of claim 4, wherein the height of the support beam is 1-2 times the diameter of the pile body and is not less than 2 m; the width of the support beam is 1-2 times of the diameter of the pile body; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the height of the top plate is 0.8-1.5 m; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the length of the top plate is 10-15 m.
7. A retaining structure for landslide, comprising at least two retaining units of any one of claims 1-6;
all the supporting and retaining units are arranged side by side along the slope toe of the landslide body of the landslide;
the top plate and the supporting beam are both connected with the landslide body;
the pile body can at least penetrate through a sliding belt of the landslide and reach a preset depth.
8. The retaining structure of claim 7, wherein a telescopic sinker seam is provided between two adjacent retaining units.
9. The retaining structure of claim 7 or 8, further comprising a guardrail; the guardrail sets up the roof is kept away from one side of toe.
10. The retaining structure of claim 7, wherein the upper end surface of the roof is adapted to receive a roadway and/or a viewing platform.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110055981A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-07-26 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Supporting and retaining system unit, retaining structure and the construction method on landslide |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110055981A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-07-26 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Supporting and retaining system unit, retaining structure and the construction method on landslide |
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