CN218911469U

CN218911469U - Supporting and retaining system for landslide and falling rocks of broken rock mass highway

Info

Publication number: CN218911469U
Application number: CN202223359050.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周云涛; 谢忠胜; 蔡强; 梁炯; 贺伟明; 姜昭群
Original assignee: Institute of Exploration Technology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences
Current assignee: Institute of Exploration Technology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences
Priority date: 2022-12-15
Filing date: 2022-12-15
Publication date: 2023-04-25
Anticipated expiration: 2032-12-15

Abstract

The utility model discloses a supporting and blocking system for landslide and falling rocks of a broken rock mass highway, which consists of a shed tunnel, an anti-slide pile and an anchor cable, wherein the anti-slide pile is positioned on the mountain side, and the anchor cable is anchored at the upper part of the anti-slide pile; the inside of the shed tunnel is provided with a highway, and a drainage ditch is arranged on the mountain side of the highway; the shed tunnel consists of a shed tunnel top plate, upright posts, a foundation, connecting posts and clay covering layers, wherein the upright posts comprise a backer side upright post and a back mountain side upright post, the anti-slide piles are used as the backer side upright posts of the shed tunnel, the backer side upright posts are connected with the shed tunnel top plate through the connecting posts, the lower parts of the back mountain side upright posts are connected with the foundation, the upper parts of the backer side upright posts are connected with the shed tunnel top plate through the connecting posts, and the clay covering layers are covered on the shed tunnel top plate. The utility model can achieve the purpose of preventing and controlling landslide and falling rocks of high and steep broken rock mass and has the disaster prevention and reduction properties.

Description

Supporting and retaining system for landslide and falling rocks of broken rock mass highway

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a supporting and retaining system for landslide and falling rocks of a broken rock mass highway, and belongs to the field of landslide and falling rocks prevention engineering of mountain roads, mountain railways, mountain land towns, hydraulic engineering and the like.

Background

A large number of geological disasters are generally distributed in mountain areas, wherein the proportion of landslide and falling rock disasters of high and steep broken rock masses in high-cold, high-altitude and high-intensity areas is more than 80%. Natural factors such as heavy rainfall, strong earthquake and the like can induce new large landslide and falling stone geological disasters, and major towns, traffic trunk lines and water conservancy facilities can be severely threatened. Therefore, developing landslide and falling rock disaster management projects of high and steep cracked rock mass, developing landslide and falling rock disaster management technology of high and steep cracked rock mass with great effect is a key problem to be solved urgently in the field of geological disaster prevention and control.

Some mountain areas mainly develop mountain and medium mountain and river Gu Demao, and natural slopes are developed on two sides of a river valley, and are influenced by constructional activities, rainfall and ergonomic activities, and unstable slopes and boulders are usually developed on two sides, so that landslide or falling stone disasters are formed through geological history period evolution. Unstable slopes developed on two sides of a river valley are affected by movable structures and weathering, a structural unloading belt with larger depth is usually formed, rock bodies in the unloading belt are broken, the broken rock bodies easily slide along a base covering surface, a large or oversized landslide is formed, and the landslide is more remarkable for a bedding rock slope. Meanwhile, under the influence of high and cold and high altitude, vegetation on the surface of a slope is difficult to grow, rock mass is exposed, and debris particles are brought into the bottom of the slope under the actions of construction activity, weathering, rainfall scouring and the like, so that boulders are gradually exposed, and the boulders evolve into falling stone disasters. In addition, some mountain major projects are frequently built, highway and railway projects are increasingly increased, and the instability of an unstable slope is aggravated when a road is cut, so that an irreversible geological disaster process is caused.

At present, the technology for treating landslide and falling rocks of high and steep broken rock masses is still in a bottleneck period, and is especially weak in the aspect of rapid and efficient treatment. The control technologies of anti-slide piles, anchoring engineering, drainage and the like which are developed for landslide control so far and the control technologies of passive nets, stone blocking walls, active nets and the like for falling rock disaster control cannot be simultaneously used for controlling landslide and falling rock of high and steep broken rock mass. In addition, the slope of the high and steep slope area is steep, the height difference is large, the construction space is limited, and for the highway slope, geological disaster prevention and control work can be carried out only in the highway area, but the joint implementation of a plurality of prevention and control technologies is difficult to support.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a supporting and retaining system for broken rock mass highway landslide and falling rocks. The utility model can achieve the purpose of preventing and controlling landslide and falling rocks of high and steep broken rock mass and has the disaster prevention and reduction properties.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:

a retaining system for landslide and falling rocks of a broken rock mass highway, which is characterized in that: the anti-skid pile is positioned on the mountain side, and the anchor cable is anchored at the upper part of the anti-skid pile; the inside of the shed tunnel is provided with a highway, and a drainage ditch is arranged on the mountain side of the highway; the shed tunnel consists of a shed tunnel top plate, upright posts, a foundation, connecting posts and clay covering layers, wherein the upright posts comprise a backer side upright post and a back mountain side upright post, the anti-slide piles are used as the backer side upright posts of the shed tunnel, the backer side upright posts are connected with the shed tunnel top plate through the connecting posts, the lower parts of the back mountain side upright posts are connected with the foundation, the upper parts of the backer side upright posts are connected with the shed tunnel top plate through the connecting posts, and the clay covering layers are covered on the shed tunnel top plate.

The roof of the shed tunnel is inclined by 5-10 degrees along the slope direction, the thickness is not less than 50cm, and the thickness of the clay covering layer is not less than 50cm.

The section of the connecting column is 1.2-1.5 times of the section of the upright column, the height of the connecting column is 50 cm-150 cm, and reinforcing ribs are arranged in the upright column.

Pile tops of the backer side stand columns are higher than the slope surface, the base area of the lower parts of the backer side stand columns is 1.5-2.0 times of the section of the backer side stand columns, and the base is located in the stable rock stratum.

The slide-resistant pile is of a reinforced concrete structure, the section of the slide-resistant pile is rectangular or circular, and the diameter or side length of the slide-resistant pile is not smaller than 1.5m.

The anti-slide pile comprises a built-in section and a cantilever section, wherein the length of the built-in section is not less than 1/3 of the total pile length, the built-in section is positioned in a stable rock stratum, and for a cracked rock mass landslide, the length of the built-in section is not less than 3m and not less than the length of the cantilever section; the cantilever section is connected with the shed tunnel roof through a connecting column.

The anti-slide pile is connected with the anchor rope through anchor heads, drain holes are formed in two sides of the anti-slide pile, the diameter of each drain hole is 100mm, the length of each drain hole is not less than 3m, and the distance between each drain hole and each anchor rope is 3-4 m.

The anchor cable is composed of a rib body, slurry and an anchor head, the rib body is a steel stranded wire, the total length of the anchor cable is not smaller than 12m, the angle between the anchor cable and the horizontal direction is 10-15 degrees, the diameter of the anchor cable is not smaller than 70mm, the rib body is formed by combining a plurality of steel stranded wires, and the slurry is cement mortar.

The utility model has the advantages that:

(1) Aiming at the management engineering of the middle and large high and steep broken rock mass sliding body and the falling rocks, the existing control technology is difficult to simultaneously consider the engineering control of the sliding slopes and the falling rocks, and a shed tunnel-pile-anchor supporting and retaining system consisting of shed tunnels, anti-sliding piles and anchor cables is a deformation coordinated and complete structure body, and the forces among the structures can be mutually transmitted, so that the formed supporting and retaining system can bear larger sliding slope thrust and falling rocks impact force, thereby being used for the management engineering of the middle and large high and steep broken rock mass sliding slopes and the falling rocks.

(2) The anchor cable and the slide-resistant pile can be used for treating medium-sized and large-sized high-steep broken rock mass sliding bodies, the anchor cable and the slide-resistant pile can provide larger slide-resistant force, the overall stability of a slide is guaranteed, meanwhile, the slide-resistant pile is used as an upright post of a shed tunnel, and the anchor cable is used for anchoring the slide-resistant pile, so that the impact resistance of the shed tunnel is improved, and the capability of preventing and treating larger falling rock impact force is achieved.

(3) The clay covering layer and the top plate are paved on the top of the shed tunnel, and the falling rocks impact the clay covering layer and then scatter falling rocks impact force to act on the top plate, the top plate then acts on the mountain-side slide-resistant piles and the mountain-side upright posts, and then acts on the stable stratum, so that the purpose of preventing and controlling falling rocks disasters is achieved.

In conclusion, the utility model is suitable for the treatment engineering of the sliding body of the medium-sized and large-sized high-steep broken rock mass and the falling rocks, and organically combines the anti-sliding piles, the anchor cables and the shed tunnel to form the shed tunnel-pile-anchor supporting and retaining system, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing the sliding body of the high-steep broken rock mass and the falling rocks, and having the characteristics of convenient construction, strong bearing capacity, small economic investment, obvious reinforcement effect and the like, and having disaster prevention and reduction properties.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a retaining system for controlling landslide and falling rocks in the utility model;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view and an elevation view of the retaining system of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is an elevation I-I of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a view II-II of FIG. 2;

marked in the figure as: 1-a retaining system; 2-side slope lines; 3-sliding surface; 4-falling rocks; 5-overburden a fractured rock mass; 6-base cladding; 7-underlaying bedrock; 8-river valley; 9-filling slope lines; 10-excavating a line; 11-pebble layer; 12-clay cover layer; 13-shed tunnel roof; 14-connecting columns; 15-stand columns; 16-base; 17-anchor cables; 18-anti-slide piles; 19-a drain hole; 20-drainage ditches; 21-a road surface layer; 22-soil guard plate.

Detailed Description

Example 1

The utility model is suitable for the management engineering of medium and large high and steep broken rock mass sliding bodies and falling rocks, and relates to a shed tunnel-pile-anchor supporting and retaining system consisting of shed tunnels, slide resistant piles and anchor cables, which is shown in figures 1-4.

In fig. 1, the surface of the lower bedrock 7 is a base facing 6, the base facing 6 is an overlying fractured rock mass 5, the surface of the overlying fractured rock mass 5 is a slope line 2, and the sliding surface 3 of the sliding body slides generally along the base facing 6 to a valley 8.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the shed tunnel-pile-anchor supporting and blocking system 1 is composed of a shed tunnel, slide-resistant piles 18 and anchor cables 17, wherein the slide-resistant piles 18 are positioned on the mountain side, the anchor cables 17 are anchored on the upper parts of the slide-resistant piles 18, and the slide-resistant piles 18 serve as upright posts of the shed tunnel on the mountain side.

The shed tunnel consists of a shed tunnel top plate 13, upright posts 15, a foundation 16, connecting posts 14 and a clay covering layer 12, wherein the shed tunnel top plate 13 is inclined 5-10 degrees along the slope direction, the thickness is not less than 50cm, the clay covering layer 12 is covered, the thickness of the clay covering layer 12 is not less than 50cm, and the concrete thickness is calculated according to the maximum impact force of the falling rocks 4.

The shed tunnel roof 13 is of a reinforced concrete structure, a concrete mark C30 is formed by connecting posts 14 with upright posts 15, the cross section of each connecting post 14 is 1.2-1.5 times that of each upright post, and the height is 50 cm-150 cm, and reinforcing ribs are processed.

The upright post 15 of the shed tunnel is of a reinforced concrete structure, a concrete mark C30 is divided into a mountain side and a back mountain side, the mountain side upright post is an anti-slide pile 18, a cantilever pile, the pile top is slightly higher than a slope surface, the mountain side upright post is connected with the shed tunnel roof 13 by adopting a connecting post 14, the lower part of the back mountain side upright post is connected with a foundation 16, the area of the foundation 16 is 1.5-2.0 times of the section of the upright post, and the foundation 16 is located in a stable rock stratum.

The inside of the shed tunnel is a highway, the surface layer of the highway is a pavement layer 21, the pavement is 5-8 m wide, and a drainage ditch 20 is arranged on the mountain side of the highway.

The slide-resistant pile 18 is a reinforced concrete structure, the concrete mark C30, the section can be rectangular or circular, the diameter or side length is not less than 1.5m, the length of the embedded section is not less than 1/3 of the total pile length, the embedded section is positioned in a stable rock stratum, and for cracked rock mass landslide, the length of the embedded section is not less than 3m and not less than the length of the cantilever section.

The anti-slide pile 18 and the anchor cable 17 are connected by anchor heads, drain holes 19 are arranged on two sides of the anti-slide pile 18, the diameter of each drain hole 19 is 100mm, the anti-slide pile is made of PVC pipe, the length is not less than 3m, and the interval is 3-4 m.

The anchor cable 17 consists of a steel strand, slurry and an anchor head, wherein the steel strand is not suitable for the total length of the anchor cable 17 to be less than 12M, the angle between the anchor cable 17 and the horizontal direction is 10-15 degrees, the diameter of the anchor cable is not less than 70mm, the steel strand can be combined to form the anchor cable, the slurry is cement mortar, the reference number is M20, and the anchor head is subjected to anchor sealing treatment to prevent corrosion of the steel strand.

The concrete dimensions of the slide piles 18, the anchor cables 17 and the shed tunnel can be designed according to the landslide control engineering design and construction technical specifications (DZ/T0219-2006) and the collapse control engineering design specifications (T/CAGHP 032-2018).

Example 2

The embodiment describes a treatment method using the retaining system in the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The utility model is suitable for the treatment engineering of medium and large high and steep broken rock mass sliding bodies and falling rocks, and the treatment method comprises the following steps:

(1) Aiming at landslide and falling rock disasters of medium and large-sized broken rock masses, obtaining landslide parameters such as landslide range, landslide thickness, landslide angle, landslide length, landslide adhesive force, internal friction angle and the like, and falling rock parameters such as falling rock size, movement distance, recovery coefficient and the like through investigation means;

(2) Determining the control engineering grade through landslide and falling stone scale, setting safety coefficient, and designing related parameters of the slide pile, the anchor cable and the shed tunnel according to landslide control engineering design and construction technical Specification (DZ/T0219-2006) and collapse control engineering design Specification (T/CAGHP 032-2018);

(3) Construction technical method of shed tunnel-pile-anchor retaining system

1) Cutting the slope according to the slope line 2 in fig. 1, wherein the slope can be cut mechanically or manually, and the slope should be constructed from two sides to the middle in a segmented manner in the slope cutting process so as to prevent the whole sliding of the slope;

2) Adopting a directional drilling technology to drill anchor holes of anchor cables, lowering steel strands, pouring cement slurry, sequentially grouting from the bottom of the holes upwards during grouting to prevent the anchor rod body from breaking, reserving 0.8m long anchor cables at the hole openings, and facilitating the subsequent tensioning;

3) Manually or mechanically excavating an anti-slide pile hole from the excavation line 10, performing locking and wall protection treatment on the hole opening to prevent the collapse of a drilling soil body, and removing residue at the bottom of the hole and discharging Kong Deshui after excavating to a designed depth;

4) Binding anti-slide pile reinforcement cages, respectively lowering to the bottoms of the holes, continuously injecting C30 concrete, and sequentially injecting slurry from the bottoms of the holes to the top during grouting to prevent pile body fracture;

5) Erecting a soil retaining plate 22, and erecting the soil retaining plate 22 layer by layer after solidification of the anti-slide piles, wherein the soil retaining plate 22 is connected with the anti-slide piles by adopting steel bars;

6) Excavating upright column foundation holes manually or mechanically, binding the foundation and upright column reinforcement cages according to the design size, installing templates, and injecting C30 concrete for curing;

7) Constructing a connecting column 14 according to the design size, and reserving reinforcing steel bars on the connecting column;

8) Binding shed tunnel roof steel bars, installing templates, and injecting C30 concrete for curing;

9) The mountain side of the slide-resistant pile is respectively filled with a pebble layer 11, a drain pipe is embedded, and the end part of the drain pipe is wrapped with geotextile;

10 Covering the pebble layer to a filling slope line 9 by clay after filling, and filling a clay covering layer on the top of the shed tunnel according to the designed thickness;

11 Constructing the pavement and the drainage ditch according to the design parameters.

Claims

1. A retaining system for landslide and falling rocks of a broken rock mass highway, which is characterized in that: the anti-skid pile is composed of a shed tunnel, an anti-skid pile (18) and an anchor rope (17), wherein the anti-skid pile (18) is positioned at the mountain side, and the anchor rope (17) is anchored at the upper part of the anti-skid pile (18); the inside of the shed tunnel is provided with a highway, and a drainage ditch (20) is arranged on the mountain side of the highway; the shed tunnel comprises shed tunnel roof (13), stand (15), basis (16), spliced pole (14) and clay overburden (12), stand (15) are including leaning on mountain side stand and back mountain side stand, and slide-resistant stake (18) are as the leaning on mountain side stand of shed tunnel, lean on mountain side stand to be connected with shed tunnel roof (13) through spliced pole (14), and back mountain side stand lower part is connected with basis (16), and upper portion is connected with shed tunnel roof (13) through spliced pole (14), and clay overburden (12) are gone up to shed tunnel roof (13).

2. The broken rock mass highway landslide and falling rock retaining system of claim 1 and wherein: the shed tunnel roof (13) is inclined by 5-10 degrees along the slope direction, the thickness is not smaller than 50cm, and the thickness of the clay covering layer (12) is not smaller than 50cm.

3. The broken rock mass highway landslide and falling rock retaining system of claim 2 and wherein: the section of the connecting column (14) is 1.2-1.5 times that of the upright column (15), the height is 50 cm-150 cm, and reinforcing ribs are arranged in the upright column (15).

4. A retaining system for broken rock mass highway landslide and falling rocks as defined in claim 3 wherein: pile tops of the backer side stand columns are higher than the slope surface, the area of a foundation (16) at the lower part of the backer side stand column is 1.5-2.0 times of the section of the backer side stand column, and the foundation (16) is located in a stable rock stratum.

5. The broken rock mass highway landslide and falling rock retaining system of claim 4 and wherein: the anti-slide pile (18) is of a reinforced concrete structure, the section of the anti-slide pile is rectangular or circular, and the diameter or side length of the anti-slide pile is not smaller than 1.5m.

6. The broken rock mass highway landslide and falling rock retaining system of claim 5 and wherein: the anti-slide pile (18) comprises a built-in section and a cantilever section, wherein the length of the built-in section is not less than 1/3 of the total pile length, the built-in section is positioned in a stable rock stratum, and for a cracked rock mass landslide, the length of the built-in section is not less than 3m and not less than the length of the cantilever section; the cantilever section is connected with a shed tunnel roof (13) through a connecting column (14).

7. The broken rock mass highway landslide and falling rock retaining system of claim 6 and wherein: the anti-slide pile (18) is connected with the anchor cable (17) through anchor heads, drain holes (19) are formed in two sides of the anti-slide pile (18), the diameter of each drain hole (19) is 100mm, the length is not less than 3m, and the distance is 3-4 m.

8. The broken rock mass highway landslide and falling rock retaining system of claim 7 and wherein: the anchor cable (17) consists of a plurality of steel strands, wherein the steel strands are arranged in the anchor cable (17), the total length of the anchor cable (17) is not smaller than 12m, the angle between the anchor cable and the horizontal direction is 10-15 degrees, the diameter of the anchor cable (17) is not smaller than 70mm, the steel strands are combined to form the anchor cable, and the slurry is cement mortar.