CN113931136A - Structure and design method of waterproof expansion joint - Google Patents
Structure and design method of waterproof expansion joint Download PDFInfo
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- CN113931136A CN113931136A CN202111436914.9A CN202111436914A CN113931136A CN 113931136 A CN113931136 A CN 113931136A CN 202111436914 A CN202111436914 A CN 202111436914A CN 113931136 A CN113931136 A CN 113931136A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 179
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004574 high-performance concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims 4
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/16—Sealings or joints
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/10—Dams; Dykes; Sluice ways or other structures for dykes, dams, or the like
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
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Abstract
The invention discloses a structure and a design method of a waterproof expansion joint, and provides the structure and the design method of the waterproof expansion joint, aiming at a water retaining building such as a water retaining dam and a flood wall which needs to be provided with a large-displacement expansion joint with the displacement of more than 60mm, the waterproof and watertight functions of the large-displacement expansion joint are realized under the conditions that the arrangement position and the shape of the expansion joint are not changed and the normal use function of the large-displacement expansion joint is not influenced, so that the waterproof and watertight problems of the large-displacement expansion joint are solved. The invention relates to a structure and a design method of a waterproof expansion joint, which change two straight-surface walls of a large displacement expansion joint into a tenon-and-mortise structure of a concave-convex wall, so that the problem of water tightness of a large gap of the large displacement expansion joint is converted into the problem of water tightness of a small gap in the direction perpendicular to the expansion joint, and the waterproof function and the water tightness of the large displacement expansion joint are realized under the condition of not changing the arrangement position and the shape of the expansion joint and not influencing the normal use function of the large displacement expansion joint. According to the structure and the design method of the waterproof expansion joint, under the conditions that the consumption of structural concrete is not increased basically or is increased slightly, the consumption of steel is increased slightly and a small amount of rubber water stops are added, the waterproof and water-tight functions of the large-displacement expansion joint are realized, and the cost-effectiveness ratio is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering waterproofing, and particularly relates to a structure of a waterproof expansion joint and a design method.
Background
For a river dam and a longer reinforced concrete waterproof wall, temperature stress can generate larger displacement, and expansion joints are required to be arranged for preventing the structure from cracking and damaging under the action of the temperature stress; in the prior art, a barrage is generally provided with 20mm expansion joints every 20 meters from the joint of a dam body and a dam shoulder, asphalt fir boards are filled in the expansion joints, sealing seams in front of and behind the dam is sealed by water-stopping sealant, and each expansion joint is provided with more than two rubber water-stopping belts; for a longer reinforced concrete waterproof wall, a 20 mm-30 mm expansion joint is generally arranged about 10 meters, a low-foaming polyethylene material or a bituminous fir board is filled in the joint, the joint of the upstream surface is treated by water-stopping sealant with the depth of 50-100 mm, a rubber water-stopping belt is considered to be arranged, the free expansion of the expansion joint is influenced to a certain degree, so the expansion joint is not arranged in general conditions, then filling an impermeable embankment on the back water surface of the reinforced concrete flood control wall, building a back water slope waterproof wall, when the temperature is changed, the expansion joint will be loosened and seeped, if the dike is built by adopting a waterproof material and the protection of a backwater slope waterproof wall, the dense water treatment technology of the expansion joint is basically feasible, however, urban inland inundation caused by water leakage of the wall body and the expansion joint of the river bank occurs, so that a high-power water pump station has to be built for pumping and draining water, and a waterproof curtain wall is additionally arranged at the middle embankment part of the river bank. However, when a soil bank is not filled between the building to be protected and the flood wall or the soil bank cannot be installed, such an expansion joint is dense with water, and water may leak seriously, which may damage the building to be protected. The existing flood control wall and dam expansion joint water-tight construction method has the following defects: the water-tight reliability of the expansion joint is low, the purpose of water prevention and water tightness can be realized only by the combined action of the expansion joint and the impermeable soil dike and the backwater slope waterproof wall, and the function of water prevention and water tightness can not be realized without the impermeable soil dike and the backwater slope waterproof wall; for the large river blocking dam, because large displacement waterproof expansion joints are not provided, the temperature strain can be eliminated only by means of accumulated deformation of a plurality of small displacement expansion joints of the dam abutment, a certain temperature additional stress still exists in the dam body, and the problem of temperature strain of the dam body is not solved well.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a structure and a design method of a waterproof expansion joint, aiming at a water retaining building such as a water retaining dam and a flood wall which needs to be provided with a large-displacement expansion joint with the length of more than 60mm, and realizing the waterproof and water-tight functions of the large-displacement expansion joint under the conditions that the arrangement position and the shape of the expansion joint are not changed and the normal use function of the large-displacement expansion joint is not influenced, thereby solving the waterproof and water-tight problems of the large-displacement expansion joint.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problem is as follows:
the invention relates to a structure of a waterproof expansion joint, which is formed by butting a concave wall body and a convex wall body in a mortise-tenon joint manner, wherein 1-2 rubber water stop belts are arranged in a gap of 10-20 mm reserved between the mortise-tenon joints of the expansion joint, an asphalt fir board or a polyethylene closed-cell foam board is filled, and then water sealing treatment is carried out on the gap by using water sealing sealant; adhering PTFE slide plates on the top and bottom steel base plates of the bumps; and a water retaining steel plate is arranged in the middle of the seam between the bump and the upstream surface of the expansion joint, and the water retaining steel plate is also in a mortise and tenon structure.
The invention relates to a structure of a waterproof expansion joint, which is characterized in that the waterproof expansion joint is formed by butt-jointing a concave wall body and a convex wall body in a mortise-tenon manner: two straight-surface walls of a large-displacement expansion joint are changed into tenon-and-mortise structures of concave-convex wall surfaces, the top surface of the expansion joint still keeps a straight shape, a convex wall body is arranged on one side with relatively large temperature strain displacement, a displacement gap equal to or larger than the width of the expansion joint is reserved at the front end of a bump, a closed cavity is formed below a structural layer of the top surface of the expansion joint, a gap of 10-20 mm is reserved between the concave and convex surfaces, a tetrafluoro sliding plate is pasted on a steel base plate on the top surface and the bottom surface of the bump, the expansion joint of the water retaining structure can move smoothly when the temperature changes, 1-2 rubber water stops are arranged in the range of the gap of 10-20 mm between the concave and convex surfaces, an asphalt fir plate or a polyethylene closed-cell foam plate is filled in the gap, the gap is sealed by using water-stop sealant, the number of the bumps is preferably two, so as to keep the motion characteristics of the temperature strain of the water retaining structure, the building material of the concave-convex wall surface is the same as a water retaining building and is not lower than a reinforced concrete material of C30.
The invention relates to a structure of a waterproof expansion joint, wherein a water retaining steel plate is arranged as follows: the distance from the seam opening on the upstream surface of the expansion joint is x3The water retaining steel plate is arranged at the position,the water-retaining steel plate is also of a mortise and tenon structure and is divided into two parts, namely a water-retaining steel plate and a U-shaped steel sleeve, the function is similar to that of a concave-convex wall body, the material adopts a stainless steel plate, the water-retaining steel plate is anchored in the convex wall body of the expansion joint, the free end is inserted into the U-shaped steel sleeve, a displacement gap is reserved at the front end of the free section, the setting height is equal to that of a lug, a polytetrafluoroethylene sliding plate is pasted on the back surface and the bottom surface of the water-retaining steel plate, a gap of 20mm is reserved between the water-retaining steel plate and the U-shaped steel sleeve, the asphalt fir plate or the polyethylene closed-cell foam plate is filled, the sealing is realized by using water-stopping sealant, and a rubber water-stopping belt is not arranged.
The invention relates to a design method of a waterproof expansion joint, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, according to the width b of the expansion joint of the water retaining building0The total width B and the height H of the water retaining building determine the setting position x of the convex wall body convex block of the waterproof expansion joint1、x2Determining the length L of the projection of the waterproof expansion joint11、L21Width b11、b21Height h11、h21Determining the length mu of the convex wall projection extending into the concave wall groove1、μ2Determining the displacement lambda of the reserved temperature strain at the front end of the bump and determining the mortise and tenon gaps epsilon between the two sides of the bump and the groove1Length L of the groove12、L22Width b12、b22Height h12、h22Then the corresponding determination is made; determining the number and position of rubber water stops and determining the gap epsilon1The joint filling material is sealed by waterproof sealant;
secondly, determining the setting position x of the water retaining steel plate3The displacement of the reserved temperature strain at the front end of the water retaining steel plate is the same as the reserved displacement lambda at the front end of the bump, and the setting height is also the same; determining the geometric dimension and thickness delta of the water retaining steel plate1Determining the geometric dimension of the U-shaped steel sleeve and the thickness delta of the steel plate2Determining the mortise and tenon gap epsilon between the water retaining steel plate and the U-shaped steel sleeve2The filling material and the water-stopping sealing material complete the structural design of the large displacement waterproof expansion joint.
The invention relates to a design method of a waterproof expansion joint, which is characterized in that the width b of the expansion joint of a water retaining building is determined according to the width of the expansion joint of the water retaining building0The total width B and the height H of the water retaining building determine the setting position x of the convex wall body convex block of the waterproof expansion joint1、x2Determining the length L of the projection of the waterproof expansion joint11、L21Width b11、b21Height h11、h21Determining the length mu of the convex wall projection extending into the concave wall groove1、μ2Determining the displacement lambda of the reserved temperature strain at the front end of the bump and determining the mortise and tenon gaps epsilon between the two sides of the bump and the groove1Length L of the groove12、L22Width b12、b22Height h12、h22Then the corresponding determination is made; determining the number and position of rubber water stops and determining the gap epsilon1The joint filling material and the design method for sealing treatment by adopting waterproof sealant comprise the following steps: confirm setting position x of waterproof expansion joint lug1、x2The bumps are arranged at the partition centroid of the cross section and are symmetrically arranged, and 1 or 2 bumps are generally arranged; the cross section of the water retaining building is rectangular, and when a lug is arranged, x is1=B/2；
When two bumps are provided, x1=（B-η）/2，η≈B/2；x2=x1+η；
When the cross section of the water retaining building is trapezoidal, the trapezoidal section is divided into a rectangle and a triangle, two convex blocks are arranged, and x is1And x2Respectively positioned at the centroids of the two divided sectional graphs;
according to the width b of the expansion joint of the water retaining structure0Determining the length L of the projection of the waterproof expansion joint11、L21The method comprises the following steps: l is11≥b0+μ1(ii) a General case mu1More than or equal to 220mm, if at mu1When two rubber water stops need to be arranged within the length range, mu1≥600mm；L21≥b0+μ2In the general case μ2≥220mm；
For setting wedge-shaped expansion joint0Calculating the width of the expansion joint according to the linear proportion by using the center of the bump;
determining the width of the lug according to the total width B of the water retaining building, and stretching the lugWhen a lug is arranged at the seam, the lug width is as follows: 0.5 B.gtoreq.b11Not less than 0.4B; when two projections are provided, b11、b21= 0.2-0.25B; and meet the requirement of the bump section for shearing resistance;
determining the height H of the bump according to the height H of the expansion joint of the water retaining structure11The method comprises the following steps: h is11H- Δ H; Δ h =200mm, when the safe height of the flood wall top is higher than 1 meter, the height of the bump can be properly reduced by Δ h =300 mm; when the second bump is on the inclined surface, press x2The corresponding height satisfies the determined height h that the horizontal distance between the edge of the bump and the inclined plane is not less than 300mm21；
The method for determining the displacement lambda of the reserved temperature strain at the front end of the bump comprises the following steps: when the average monthly air temperature is lowest, lambda =1.25b0(ii) a When the average monthly air temperature is highest, lambda =0.8b0(ii) a When the construction is carried out at other values of the average temperature, lambda = b0；
Determining the length L of the groove12、L22The method comprises the following steps: l is12=μ1+λ；μ1≥220mm，λ=（0.8～1.25）b0；
L22=μ2+λ；μ2≥220mm，λ=（0.8～1.25）b0；
Determining the groove width b12、b22The method comprises the following steps: b12=b11+2ε1；
b22=b21+2ε1；ε1The thickness of the material is generally 20mm,
determining the height h of the groove12、h22The method comprises the following steps: h is12=h11+10mm；
h22=h21+10mm；
The concrete grade of the concave-convex block is not lower than C30, and high-performance concrete is adopted as much as possible;
the reinforcing bars of the concave-convex blocks adopt HRB400 and meet the requirements of shear resistance, bending resistance and construction of the cross section;
the top and bottom surfaces of the bump are adhered with the PTFE slide plate with the thickness of 4mm so as to reduce the moving frictional resistance when the temperature is strained; and 5-20 mm stainless steel plates should be arranged below the foundation at the bottoms of the lugs.
The invention relates to a design method of a waterproof expansion joint, wherein the method for determining the position of a rubber waterstop is that the single-side length u of a lug is1Within the range, when a rubber water stop is arranged, the rubber water stop is arranged at a position of mu1At/2; when two rubber water stops are arranged, the distance between the arrangement position of the rubber water stops and the front end of the bump and the straight wall surface of the expansion joint is not less than 150mm, and the distance between the two rubber water stops is not less than 300 mm; a steel-edged rubber water stop is preferably adopted, one end of the steel-edged rubber water stop is anchored in the groove concrete, and the other end of the steel-edged rubber water stop is anchored in the convex block concrete; when the anchoring section of the rubber waterstop meets the concave-convex reinforcing steel bars, the main reinforcing steel bars cannot be cut off, and the reinforcing steel bars are perforated on the rubber waterstop; the direction of the rubber water stop is parallel to the direction of the expansion joint when the average temperature is 15 ℃, and if the air temperature is higher or lower than the average temperature during installation, the inclination of the installation is adjusted so that the rubber water stop is parallel to the expansion joint when the air temperature is 15 ℃.
The invention relates to a design method of a waterproof expansion joint, which is characterized in that a joint filling material for determining a gap between concave and convex blocks and a waterproof sealant are adopted to treat the gap, and the design method comprises the following steps: clearance epsilon of side edge of concave-convex block 110 mm-20 mm, generally 20mm, filling the asphalt fir board or the low-foaming polyethylene closed-cell foam board, and then treating the whole gap with the two-component polyurethane waterproof sealant;
the construction sequence is that a tetrafluoro sliding plate adhered with a base plate at the bottom of the convex block is provided with a convex block reinforcing steel bar, a rubber waterstop is provided, and convex block concrete is poured; installing groove wall reinforcing steel bars, straightening a rubber waterstop and extending into the groove wall, cleaning sundries in a cavity at the front end of a convex block, pouring groove concrete, filling gaps between the convex block and the concave block with an asphalt fir board or a low-foaming polyethylene closed-cell foam board, sealing the whole gap with water-stopping sealant, sticking a tetrafluoro sliding plate on the top of the convex block, constructing a top structural layer of the convex block, and installing a telescopic device on the top surface of an expansion joint to finish construction.
The invention relates to a design method of a waterproof expansion joint, which is characterized in that the setting position x of a water-retaining steel plate is determined3The displacement of the reserved temperature strain at the front end of the water retaining steel plate is the same as the reserved displacement lambda at the front end of the bump, and the displacement lambda is setThe placing heights are the same; determining the geometric dimension and thickness delta of the water retaining steel plate1Determining the geometric dimension of the U-shaped steel sleeve and the thickness delta of the steel plate2Determining the mortise and tenon gap epsilon between the water retaining steel plate and the U-shaped steel sleeve2The filling material and the water-stop sealing material, and the method for completing the structural design of the large displacement waterproof expansion joint comprises the following steps: the water retaining steel plate is the front part of the waterproof expansion joint structure, has the functions of retaining floating objects in water and preventing water, and is arranged near the middle part of a seam from the first bump to the upstream surface of the expansion joint, and x is3=（x1-b112)/2; according to the total height of the upstream water head of the expansion joint, calculating the bending moment and the shearing force of the steel plate according to the cantilever beam, and determining the thickness delta of the steel plate1And is not less than 10mm, the material is stainless steel plate, one end of the steel plate is anchored in the convex wall body, and the anchoring length is Lm，Lm= 400-600 mm, the other end is a free end, the length of the free end is equal to the length L of the first bump11The height is equal to the height h of the first bump11(ii) a A U-shaped stainless steel sleeve is arranged on the concave wall body, and the length of the U-shaped stainless steel sleeve is equal to the length L of the groove12Height is equal to groove height h12Width of b32，b32=δ1+2ε2The steel jacket is made of stainless steel plate with thickness delta2Not less than 5 mm; gap epsilon between free section of water retaining steel plate and steel sleeve steel plate2Generally taking 20mm, filling a gap with an asphalt fir board or pouring asphalt bast fiber, and treating the gap with a two-component polyurethane waterproof sealant for not less than 50mm in depth; the construction comprises the steps of fixing a U-shaped stainless steel sleeve, inserting a water retaining steel plate, fixing an anchoring end, welding the steel plate into a whole in sections according to the height of 50-100 cm, filling gaps, sealing the gaps with water-stopping sealant, and constructing a structural layer on the top of the water retaining steel plate;
the symbols have the following meanings:
b0the design width of the expansion joint, in units: the thickness of the film is mm,
b-total width of cross section of water retaining building, unit: m is the sum of the total number of the m,
h-total height of the water retaining building, unit: m is the sum of the total number of the m,
x1center distance between first convex block of waterproof expansion joint and upstream faceDistance of the seam, unit: m is the sum of the total number of the m,
η — distance between two bump centers, in units: m is the sum of the total number of the m,
L11the length of the first projection of the waterproof expansion joint, in units: the thickness of the film is mm,
b11width of the first projection of the waterproof expansion joint, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
h11height of the first projection of the waterproof expansion joint, unit: m is the sum of the total number of the m,
μ1the length of the first projection of the waterproof expansion joint extending into the groove, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
delta h-distance from the top surface of the waterproof expansion joint bump to the top surface of the expansion joint, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
L12the length of the first groove of the waterproof expansion joint, in units: the thickness of the film is mm,
b12width of the first groove of the waterproof expansion joint, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
h12height of the first groove of the waterproof expansion joint, unit: m is the sum of the total number of the m,
lambda-displacement reserved at the front end of the waterproof expansion joint bump, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
ε1-gap between the sides of the concave-convex block of the waterproof expansion joint, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
x2the distance between the center of the second bump of the waterproof expansion joint and the seam of the upstream face is as follows: m is the sum of the total number of the m,
L21the length of the second projection of the waterproof expansion joint, in units: the thickness of the film is mm,
b21width of the second projection of the waterproof expansion joint, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
h21height of the second projection of the waterproof expansion joint, unit: m is the sum of the total number of the m,
μ2the length of the second projection of the waterproof expansion joint extending into the groove, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
L22-the length of the second groove of the waterproof expansion joint, in units: the thickness of the film is mm,
b22width of the second groove of the waterproof expansion joint, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
h22-height of the second groove of the waterproof expansion joint, in units: m is the sum of the total number of the m,
x3the distance between the center of the water retaining steel plate and the seam opening of the upstream face of the expansion joint is as follows: m is the sum of the total number of the m,
L31-length of the free section of the water retaining steel plate, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
Lmlength of the water retaining steel plate anchoring section, unit: mm, Lm≥400mm，
μ3The length of the water retaining steel plate extending into the U-shaped steel sleeve is as follows: the thickness of the film is mm,
lambda-reserved displacement of the front end of the water retaining steel plate, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
h31height of the water retaining steel plate, unit: m is the sum of the total number of the m,
L32length of the U-shaped steel jacket, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
b32width of the U-shaped steel jacket, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
h32the height of the U-shaped steel sleeve of the water retaining steel plate is as follows: m is the sum of the total number of the m,
δ1thickness of the water-retaining steel plate, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
δ2-thickness of steel sheet of the U-shaped steel jacket, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
ε2the clearance between the water retaining steel plate and the side edge of the U-shaped steel sleeve is as follows: and m is selected.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the structure of the waterproof expansion joint and the design method thereof are different from the prior art in that the two straight surface walls of the large displacement expansion joint are changed into the tenon-and-mortise structures of the concave-convex surface walls, so that the waterproof and watertight problems of the wide and large gaps of the large displacement expansion joint are converted into the waterproof and watertight problems of the small gaps which are vertical to the direction of the expansion joint, and the waterproof and watertight functions of the large displacement expansion joint are realized under the condition that the arrangement position and the shape of the expansion joint are not changed and the normal use function of the large displacement expansion joint is not influenced;
the expansion joint waterproof and watertight design concept of the conventional retaining dam and the flood wall is different from the conventional waterproof and watertight design concept of the expansion joint, the temperature strain of the conventional retaining dam is eliminated by extruding and accumulating deformation of a plurality of expansion joints of 20mm which are arranged at a dam abutment, and as the expansion joints are filled with waterproof materials and rubber waterstops, the free expansion amount of the expansion joints can be reduced, and the temperature strain of the longer retaining dam is relatively large, so that the dam body still generates large temperature additional stress; the existing flood control wall realizes the waterproof and water-tight functions by means of the combined action of the waterproof and water-tight treatment technology of the expansion joints, the waterproof soil body material filled on the back of the wall and the back water slope protection wall, and the waterproof and water-tight functions can not be realized under the conditions that the soil body filled behind the flood control wall does not exist and the back water slope protection wall does not exist; the invention can realize the waterproof and water-tight functions of the large-displacement expansion joint without the aid of the waterproof soil body and the back water slope protection wall which are filled behind the flood control wall, and is a breakthrough in the waterproof and water-tight technology of the expansion joint under the condition that the filled soil body and the back water slope protection wall cannot be arranged behind the flood control wall. For the retaining dam, because the large displacement waterproof expansion joint meeting the temperature strain of the dam body is arranged at the joint of the dam body and the dam abutment, the additional stress generated by the temperature strain can be better eliminated, and the construction process of the retaining dam is an improvement on the construction technology of the retaining dam.
The structure and the design method of the waterproof expansion joint are different from those of the prior art in that the used waterproof materials are different and the protection grades are different; the existing waterproof and watertight material for the expansion joint of the flood wall is a caulking material such as a low-foaming polyethylene closed-cell foam board and an asphalt fir board, the waterproof and watertight performance of the existing material is poor, and when the expansion joint displaces under the action of temperature stress, the waterproof and watertight performance is worse; the waterproof and watertight technology for the waterproof expansion joint adopts a rubber waterstop to stop water, and a double-component polyurethane waterproof sealant is used for treating the seam, so that the waterproof and watertight performance is good and reliable, and in addition, a water-retaining steel plate, an asphalt caulking material and a water-stopping sealant are arranged on the upstream face to treat the auxiliary waterproof measure of the seam, so that the waterproof and watertight performance of the large-displacement expansion joint is fully ensured, and meanwhile, the flood wall is provided with the interval of the expansion joint, so that the increase of a large margin is realized.
2. According to the structure and the design method of the waterproof expansion joint, under the conditions that the consumption of structural concrete is not increased basically or is increased slightly, the consumption of steel is increased slightly and a small amount of rubber water stops are added, the waterproof and water-tight functions of the large-displacement expansion joint are realized, and the cost-effectiveness ratio is good.
3. The structure and the design method of the waterproof expansion joint are used for the construction of urban flood control projects, can avoid filling wide flood control embankments, broaden the design thought of the urban flood control embankments, can build tourist and commercial houses, leisure squares, urban green lands and the like, can increase very considerable urban land, and have very remarkable economic and social benefits under the condition of very short urban land in China;
for longer dam project, especially when the rear of the dam faces the southwest direction, the elongation of the dam body is larger at high temperature in summer, the temperature difference is large at the rear of the dam in front of the dam, the elongation difference is large, larger bending tension stress is generated on the front vertical surface at the rear of the dam, cracks are easy to generate, and the service life of the dam is unfavorable.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantage that the technology is easy to implement.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a waterproof expansion joint;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the waterproof expansion joint in elevation;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the cross section arrangement of a waterproof expansion joint;
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a water retaining steel plate for a waterproof expansion joint;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the water-retaining steel plate for the waterproof expansion joint in a vertical plane;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a water-retaining steel plate for a waterproof expansion joint;
fig. 7 is a schematic plan view of the arrangement of the waterproof expansion joints of the flood control box body in the embodiment 1;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the waterproof expansion joint in the flood control box body in the embodiment 1;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the cross section of the waterproof expansion joint of the flood control box in embodiment 1;
fig. 10 is a schematic plan view of the waterproof expansion joint of the dam in embodiment 2;
fig. 11 is a schematic view illustrating an elevation arrangement of a waterproof expansion joint of the dam in embodiment 2;
FIG. 12 is a schematic sectional view of the waterproof expansion joint of the dam in accordance with embodiment 2;
in the figure: 1, expansion joint; 2, a reinforced concrete wall body; 3 waterproof expansion joint projection; 4, a groove of the waterproof expansion joint; 5, a rubber water stop; 6 filling the gaps of the asphalt fir boards, and sealing by water-stopping sealant; 7 stainless steel water retaining steel plates; 8U-shaped stainless steel sleeves; 9, the front end of the bump or the cavity area at the front end of the water retaining steel plate; 10 stainless steel backing plates; 11 tetrafluoro slide plate; 12 flood control walls; 13 structure upstream face; 14 structure back surface; 15 concrete dam body.
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:
referring to fig. 1 to 12, an expansion joint 1 is located between reinforced concrete walls 2 and has a width b0The wall comprises two straight wall bodies and a telescopic device at the top; the reinforced concrete wall bodies 2 are positioned at two sides of the expansion joint 1; the waterproof expansion joint bump 3 is positioned between the reinforced concrete walls 2, is rigidly connected with the wall on one side with large temperature strain displacement of the reinforced concrete walls 2, is in unconstrained connection with the wall on the other side of the reinforced concrete walls 2, and is a free section penetrating through the expansion joint 1 and extending into the waterproof expansion joint groove 4, and a gap is reserved between the free section and the waterproof expansion joint groove 4; the waterproof expansion joint groove 4 is positioned on one side wall body of the reinforced concrete wall body 2, is in rigid connection with the reinforced concrete wall body 2, forms a tenon-and-mortise structure with the waterproof expansion joint bump 3, and is not connected with the waterproof expansion joint bump 3; the rubber waterstop 5 is positioned between the waterproof expansion joint bump 3 and the waterproof expansion joint groove 4 and is arranged on the side surface of the free section of the waterproof expansion joint bump 3, one end of the rubber waterstop is anchored in the reinforced concrete of the waterproof expansion joint bump 3, and the other end of the rubber waterstop is anchored in the reinforced concrete of the waterproof expansion joint groove 4; filling the gaps with the asphalt fir plate, sealing 6 the gaps between the side edges of the waterproof expansion joint bumps 3 and the waterproof expansion joint grooves 4 and the gaps between the stainless steel water-retaining steel plates 7 and the U-shaped stainless steel sleeves 8 with water-stopping sealant, and filling the gaps with the asphalt fir plate filling material and then sealing and stopping water with the double-component polyurethane adhesive; the stainless steel water retaining steel plates 7 are positioned between the reinforced concrete walls 2,one end of the stainless steel water retaining steel plate 7 is anchored on one side wall body of the reinforced concrete wall body 2, the other end of the stainless steel water retaining steel plate is a free section, and the stainless steel water retaining steel plate and the U-shaped stainless steel sleeve 8 form a tenon-and-mortise structure, and the anchoring end of the stainless steel water retaining steel plate 7 and the anchoring end of the waterproof expansion joint lug 3 are arranged on the same side wall body of the reinforced concrete wall body 2; the U-shaped stainless steel sleeve 8 is positioned on one side wall body of the reinforced concrete wall body 2, is in rigid connection with the reinforced concrete wall body 2, forms a mortise and tenon joint structure with the stainless steel water retaining steel plate 7, and is not connected with the stainless steel water retaining steel plate 7 in a gap mode; the front end of the bump or the cavity area 9 at the front end of the water retaining steel plate is positioned between the waterproof expansion joint bump 3 and the waterproof expansion joint groove 4 and between the stainless steel water retaining steel plate 7 and the U-shaped stainless steel sleeve 8; a gap which is more than or equal to the width of the expansion joint 1 is reserved between the front end of the waterproof expansion joint bump 3 and the waterproof expansion joint groove 4 so as to ensure that the waterproof expansion joint bump 3 and the waterproof expansion joint groove 4 have a space for relative movement; a gap with the width larger than or equal to that of the expansion joint 1 is reserved between the front end of the stainless steel water retaining steel plate 7 and the U-shaped stainless steel sleeve 8 so as to ensure that the stainless steel water retaining steel plate 7 and the U-shaped stainless steel sleeve 8 have a space for relative movement; the stainless steel backing plate 10 is positioned below the tetrafluoro slide plate 11, the tetrafluoro slide plate 11 is adhered to the top surface of the stainless steel backing plate 10, and the stainless steel backing plate 10 is in rigid connection with concrete below the stainless steel backing plate 10; the PTFE slide plate 11 is positioned between the stainless steel backing plate 10 and the waterproof expansion joint bump 3, and between the stainless steel backing plate 10 and the stainless steel water retaining steel plate 7, is adhered to the top surface of the stainless steel backing plate 10, and is not connected with the waterproof expansion joint bump 3 and the stainless steel water retaining steel plate 7; the tetrafluoro sliding plate 11 is stuck on the top surface of the waterproof expansion joint bump 3 when being positioned on the top surface of the waterproof expansion joint bump 3, and is not connected with concrete above the top surface of the bump; the flood control walls 12 are positioned at two sides of the expansion joint 1 and are in rigid connection with the reinforced concrete wall body 2; the structure upstream face 13 is positioned on the upstream face of the flood control wall or the retaining dam structure; the structure back water surface 14 is positioned on the back water surface of the flood control wall or the retaining dam structure; the concrete dam 15 is located at two sides of the expansion joint 1, similar to the reinforced concrete wall 2.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 7 to 9, the overall design of a certain dike adopts a C40 reinforced concrete continuous box body structure, the hollow box body foundation is a concrete foundation, an urban road is arranged at the top of the dike, the inner side of the dike is a commercial land, the elevation of the commercial land is equal to the elevation of a bottom plate of the hollow box body, the designed flood level is 0.73 meter lower than the elevation of the top of the box body, a flood wall is arranged on the rear wall of the back water surface of the hollow box body, the height of the continuous box body is 6 meters, the clear span is 5 meters, the width of the cross section is 9.5 meters, the length of 20 sections of the box body is 119.56 meters, an expansion joint of 80mm is arranged between the two expansion joints, and in order to prevent flood from pouring from the position, the waterproof and dense technical scheme of the expansion joint is determined.
The design method comprises the following steps:
(1) the length of the expansion joint continuous box body is 119.56m, and the width b of the expansion joint is set0=80mm, total structure height H =6m, total structure width B =9.5 m;
two bumps are provided, the width of the bumps: b11=b21=0.2B=1.9m；
The distance between the bumps: η = B/2=4.75 m; designing to take 4.7 m;
x1=（B-η）/2=（9.5-4.7）/2=2.4；x2=x1+η=2.4+4.7=7.1；
then the length of the bump: l is11≥b0+μ1Design to get mu1=μ2=220mm，L11= L21=80+220=300mm，
Height of the bump: h is11H- Δ H; take Δ h =200mm, h11=6-0.2=5.8m，h21=h11Sticking a tetrafluoro sliding plate with the thickness of 4mm on the top plane of the bump and the lower cushion steel plate;
length of groove, L12=μ1+λ，λ=1.25b0=100mm，L12=L21=220+100=320mm，
Width: b12=b11+2ε1，ε1=20mm，b12=b22=1900+2×20=1940mm，
The total height of the groove is 10mm greater than the height of the bump, namely h12=h22=5.81m；
Determining that the plane is arranged to be 1.43 meters away from the edge of the box body from the edge of the groove and 1.94 meters wide;
the rubber water stops are arranged at positions, two steel-edge rubber water stops are arranged between every two concave-convex blocks, four rubber water stops are arranged on the full section, the rubber water stops are arranged at the position where mu/2 =110mm, the direction is parallel to the direction of the expansion joint when the average temperature is 15 ℃, and if the installation temperature is higher or lower than the average temperature, the installation inclination is adjusted to ensure that the rubber water stops are parallel to the expansion joint when the average temperature is 15 ℃; the rubber waterstop and the concave-convex block are cast into a whole, the gap between the two sides of the concave-convex block is filled with a low-foaming polyethylene closed-cell foam board, and the gap is treated by a double-component polyurethane waterproof sealant. The material of the concave-convex blocks is consistent with that of the box body, C40 concrete is adopted, and HRB400 steel bars are adopted as the steel bars.
(2) The water retaining steel plate design of the expansion joint ensures that the water head height of a water retaining building is 6 meters and delta is adopted1Stainless steel plate with thickness of =20mm as water retaining steel plate, setting position, x3=（x1-b112)/2 = (2.4-0.95)/2 =0.73m, in this example design x is taken3=0.6 m; anchoring length L of water-retaining steel platem=400mm，μ3=220mm, length of free segment of steel plate, L31=b0+μ3=80+220=300mm, the total length of the water retaining steel plate is 700mm, the height is the same as the height of the bump, and a 4mm tetrafluoro sliding plate is adhered on the back water surface of the steel plate except the anchoring section; u-shaped stainless steel sleeve with thickness delta2=5mm, the length of the U-shaped steel sleeve is 320mm as that of the groove, and the gap between the water-retaining steel plate and the U-shaped steel sleeve is epsilon2Width of U-shaped steel sleeve, =20mm, b32=δ1+2ε2=60mm, anchoring in the box concrete, filling the gaps between the steel plates with asphalt fir boards, and performing dense water treatment by using water-stopping sealant; and finishing the waterproof and watertight design of the large displacement expansion joint.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 10 to 12, the height of a certain retaining dam is 20 meters, the length of the dam body is 300 meters, the length of each dam abutment on two sides is 100 meters, the dam body adopts a trapezoidal section, the top width is 3 meters, the bottom width is 19 meters, the slope ratio of the upstream face is 1:0, the slope ratio of the back face is 1:0.8, a 120mm expansion joint is respectively arranged at the joint of the dam body and the two dam abutments, and the waterproof and water-tight technical scheme of the expansion joint is determined by trial.
The method comprises the following steps:
the design method comprises the following steps:
(1) dam mainThe body is provided with an expansion joint width b0=120mm, and the total length of the expansion joint is 26.7 m; the total height H =20m, the top face width 3m and the total width B =19m, the top and the back slope are respectively provided with a concave-convex block, and are provided with two concave-convex blocks, because the back slope of the dam is a slope, the convex blocks adopt the forms of unequal height and unequal width, the first convex block is arranged, and the ratio of B to B is more than or equal to 0.5 multiplied by 311Not less than 0.4 × 3; taking the width of the first bump as b11=1500mm, height h11=19.8m, the bump center is arranged at a 1.45m distance from the upstream face seam; the center of the second bump is arranged at a position 9.5m away from the upstream face seam, and the width of the bump is b21=3000mm, height h21=9.7 m; the height of the second bump is 9.7m, and the waterproof height is insufficient, so the effect of the second bump is mainly to keep the translational motion attitude of the dam body when the temperature changes, and the design is to take mu2=400mm, bump length L21=μ2+b0=520mm，λ=1.25b0=150mm, groove length L22=μ2+ λ =550mm, groove width b22=b21+2ε1=3040mm, the gaps between the concave and convex blocks are all epsilon1Filling asphalt fir boards with the thickness of 20mm, sealing and stopping water by using double-component polyurethane waterproof sealant, reserving a displacement gap with the thickness of lambda =150mm at the front end of each bump, wherein the displacement gap is larger than the width of each expansion joint by 120mm, and rubber water stops are not arranged on the bumps on the backwater side of the dam body; the expansion joint of the dam body is waterproof by means of a water retaining steel plate and a first bump, so that the first bump is waterproof by a method of adding a rubber water stop after lengthening, and mu is designed1=800mm，λ=1.25b0=150mm, first bump length L11=μ1+b0=920mm, width b11=1500mm, Δ h =200mm and bump height h11H- Δ H =19.8 m; length L of groove12=μ1+ λ =950mm, width b12=b11+2ε1=1540mm, height h12，h12= h11+10mm =19.81 m; each side of the first lug adopts two steel-edge rubber waterstops for water stop, 4 rubber waterstops are arranged in total, the rubber waterstops are poured and fixed in concrete, the installation direction is parallel to the direction of the expansion joint when the average temperature is 15 ℃, and if the temperature is higher or lower than the average temperature, the expansion joint is parallel to the direction of the expansion jointThe temperature is equalized, and the inclination of installation is adjusted to ensure that the rubber water stop is parallel to the expansion joint when the temperature is at the average temperature; a tetrafluoro sliding plate is adhered to the top surface of the bump, a stainless steel plate with the thickness of 10mm is laid at the bottom of the bump, and the tetrafluoro sliding plate is adhered to reduce the sliding motion resistance of the bump; the concrete grade of the concave-convex block is higher than that of the dam body, preferably C40 or above; the reinforcing bars of the concave-convex blocks adopt HRB400 reinforcing steel bars, and the reinforcing bar ratio meets the requirements of strength and rigidity.
(2) The water retaining steel plate design of expansion joint has water head height of 20m for water retaining building, and delta1The stainless steel plate with the length of 20mm is used as a water retaining steel plate, the stress of the steel plate is still very small under the action of a water head of 20m and 200KN/m, the total length of the stainless steel plate is 1120mm, and the anchoring length L in concretem=600mm, length of free segment L31=520mm, and 4mm tetrafluoro sliding plates are adhered to the back water side of the steel plate except the anchoring section; a stainless steel sleeve with a thickness delta2=5mm, take μ3=400mm, groove length L32=μ3+ λ =550mm, width b32=60mm, anchoring in dam concrete, filling asphalt fir board with gap between steel jacket and water-retaining steel plate of 20mm, and sealing with water-sealing sealant; the plane position of the water retaining steel plate is arranged at an expansion joint seam x from the upstream face3At the position of =300mm, so that the normal work of the expansion joint is prevented from being influenced by the fact that floating objects in water fall into the expansion joint, and D120 expansion joint devices can be installed on the dam crest and the back water surface; and finishing the waterproof and watertight design of the large displacement expansion joint.
The above description is only an embodiment utilizing the technical content of the present invention, and any modification and variation made by those skilled in the art to apply the present invention shall fall within the claims of the present disclosure, and not be limited to the embodiments disclosed.
Claims (7)
1. A structure of a waterproof expansion joint is technically characterized in that the waterproof expansion joint is formed by butt joint of mortise and tenon joints of a concave wall body and a convex wall body, 1-2 rubber water stops are arranged in a reserved gap of 10-20 mm between the mortise and tenon joints of the expansion joint, an asphalt fir board or a polyethylene closed-cell foam board is filled, and water sealing treatment is carried out on the gap by using water sealing sealant; adhering PTFE slide plates on the top and bottom steel base plates of the bumps; and a water retaining steel plate is arranged in the middle of the seam between the bump and the upstream surface of the expansion joint, and the water retaining steel plate is also in a mortise and tenon structure.
2. The utility model provides a structure at waterproof expansion joint, its technical characteristic be, waterproof expansion joint adopt the butt joint of tenon fourth of the twelve earthly branches by concave surface and convex wall body and be: two straight-surface walls of a large-displacement expansion joint are changed into tenon-and-mortise structures of concave-convex wall surfaces, the top surface of the expansion joint still keeps a straight shape, a convex wall body is arranged on one side with relatively large temperature strain displacement, a displacement gap equal to or larger than the width of the expansion joint is reserved at the front end of a bump, a closed cavity is formed below a structural layer of the top surface of the expansion joint, a gap of 10-20 mm is reserved between the concave and convex surfaces, a tetrafluoro sliding plate is pasted on a steel base plate on the top surface and the bottom surface of the bump, the expansion joint of the water retaining structure can move smoothly when the temperature changes, 1-2 rubber water stops are arranged in the range of the gap of 10-20 mm between the concave and convex surfaces, an asphalt fir plate or a polyethylene closed-cell foam plate is filled in the gap, the gap is sealed by using water-stop sealant, the number of the bumps is preferably two, so as to keep the motion characteristics of the temperature strain of the water retaining structure, the building material of the concave-convex wall surface is the same as a water retaining building and is not lower than a reinforced concrete material of C30.
3. The utility model provides a structure at waterproof expansion joint, its technical characteristic be, set up the manger plate steel sheet and be: the distance from the seam opening on the upstream surface of the expansion joint is x3Department, set up the manger plate steel sheet, the manger plate steel sheet also is mortise-tenon joint structure, divide into manger plate steel sheet and U shaped steel cover two parts, the function is similar with concave-convex wall body, the material adopts corrosion resistant plate, manger plate steel sheet anchor is in expansion joint convex surface wall body, the free end inserts in the U shaped steel cover, the displacement clearance is reserved to the free section front end, and it all is the same with the lug to set up the height, the tetrafluoro slide is pasted to manger plate steel sheet dorsal surface and bottom surface, leave 20 mm's clearance between manger plate steel sheet and the U shaped steel cover, fill pitch fir board or polyethylene obturator cystosepimle, seal with the stagnant water sealed glue, do not establish the rubber waterstop.
4. The design method of the waterproof expansion joint comprises the following steps: it is technically characterized in that
Firstly, according to the width b of the expansion joint of the water retaining building0The total width B and the height H of the water retaining building determine the setting position x of the convex wall body convex block of the waterproof expansion joint1、x2Determining the length L of the projection of the waterproof expansion joint11、L21Width b11、b21Height h11、h21Determining the length mu of the convex wall projection extending into the concave wall groove1、μ2Determining the displacement lambda of the reserved temperature strain at the front end of the bump and determining the mortise and tenon gaps epsilon between the two sides of the bump and the groove1Length L of the groove12、L22Width b12、b22Height h12、h22Then the corresponding determination is made; determining the number and position of rubber water stops and determining the gap epsilon1The joint filling material is sealed by waterproof sealant;
secondly, determining the setting position x of the water retaining steel plate3The displacement of the reserved temperature strain at the front end of the water retaining steel plate is the same as the reserved displacement lambda at the front end of the bump, and the setting height is also the same; determining the geometric dimension and thickness delta of the water retaining steel plate1Determining the geometric dimension of the U-shaped steel sleeve and the thickness delta of the steel plate2Determining the mortise and tenon gap epsilon between the water retaining steel plate and the U-shaped steel sleeve2The filling material and the water-stopping sealing material complete the structural design of the large displacement waterproof expansion joint.
5. The design method of the waterproof expansion joint comprises the following steps: the technical characteristics are as follows: according to the width b of the expansion joint of the water retaining structure0The total width B and the height H of the water retaining building determine the setting position x of the convex wall body convex block of the waterproof expansion joint1、x2Determining the length L of the projection of the waterproof expansion joint11、L21Width b11、b21Height h11、h21Determining the length mu of the convex wall projection extending into the concave wall groove1、μ2Determining the displacement lambda of the reserved temperature strain at the front end of the bumpThe mortise and tenon gaps between the two sides of the fixed convex block and the groove are epsilon 1, and the length L of the groove12、L22Width b12、b22Height h12、h22Then the corresponding determination is made; determining the number and position of rubber water stops and determining the gap epsilon1The joint filling material and the design method for sealing treatment by adopting waterproof sealant comprise the following steps: confirm setting position x of waterproof expansion joint lug1、x2The bumps are arranged at the partition centroid of the cross section and are symmetrically arranged, and 1 or 2 bumps are generally arranged; the cross section of the water retaining building is rectangular, and when a lug is arranged, x is1=B/2；
When two bumps are provided, x1=（B-η）/2，η≈B/2；x2=x1+η；
When the cross section of the water retaining building is trapezoidal, the trapezoidal section is divided into a rectangle and a triangle, two convex blocks are arranged, and x is1And x2Respectively positioned at the centroids of the two divided sectional graphs;
according to the width b of the expansion joint of the water retaining structure0Determining the length L of the projection of the waterproof expansion joint11、L21The method comprises the following steps: l is11≥b0+μ1(ii) a General case mu1More than or equal to 220mm, if at mu1When two rubber water stops need to be arranged within the length range, mu1≥600mm；L21≥b0+μ2In the general case μ2≥220mm；
For setting wedge-shaped expansion joint0Calculating the width of the expansion joint according to the linear proportion by using the center of the bump;
according to total width B of the water retaining building, the width of the convex block is determined, and when one convex block is arranged on one expansion joint, the width of the convex block is as follows: 0.5 B.gtoreq.b11Not less than 0.4B; when two projections are provided, b11、b21= 0.2-0.25B; and meet the requirement of the bump section for shearing resistance;
determining the height H of the bump according to the height H of the expansion joint of the water retaining structure11The method comprises the following steps: h is11H- Δ H; delta h =200mm, when the safety height of the flood wall top is higher than 1m, the height of the bump can be properly reduced by adopting the Delta h=300 mm; when the second bump is on the inclined surface, press x2The corresponding height satisfies the determined height h that the horizontal distance between the edge of the bump and the inclined plane is not less than 300mm21；
The method for determining the displacement lambda of the reserved temperature strain at the front end of the bump comprises the following steps: when the average monthly air temperature is lowest, lambda =1.25b0(ii) a When the average monthly air temperature is highest, lambda =0.8b0(ii) a When the construction is carried out at other values of the average temperature, lambda = b0；
Determining the length L of the groove12、L22The method comprises the following steps: l is12=μ1+λ；μ1≥220mm，λ=（0.8～1.25）b0；
L22=μ2+λ；μ2≥220mm，λ=（0.8～1.25）b0；
Determining the groove width b12、b22The method comprises the following steps: b12=b11+2ε1；
b22=b21+2ε1；ε1The thickness of the material is generally 20mm,
determining the height h of the groove12、h22The method comprises the following steps: h is12=h11+10mm；
h22=h21+10mm；
The concrete grade of the concave-convex block is not lower than C30, and high-performance concrete is adopted as much as possible;
the reinforcing bars of the concave-convex blocks adopt HRB400 and meet the requirements of shear resistance, bending resistance and construction of the cross section;
the top and bottom surfaces of the bump are adhered with the PTFE slide plate with the thickness of 4mm so as to reduce the moving frictional resistance when the temperature is strained; and 5-20 mm stainless steel plates should be arranged below the foundation at the bottoms of the lugs.
6. The design method of the waterproof expansion joint comprises the following steps: the technical characteristics are as follows: the design method for determining the gap filling material of the gap between the concave-convex blocks and adopting the waterproof sealant to treat the gap comprises the following steps: clearance epsilon of side edge of concave-convex block110 mm-20 mm, generally 20mm, filling asphalt fir board or low-foaming polyethylene closed-cell foam board,then, treating the whole gap by using the double-component polyurethane waterproof sealant;
the construction sequence is that a tetrafluoro sliding plate adhered with a base plate at the bottom of the convex block is provided with a convex block reinforcing steel bar, a rubber waterstop is provided, and convex block concrete is poured; installing groove wall reinforcing steel bars, straightening a rubber waterstop and extending into the groove wall, cleaning sundries in a cavity at the front end of a convex block, pouring groove concrete, filling gaps between the convex block and the concave block with an asphalt fir board or a low-foaming polyethylene closed-cell foam board, sealing the whole gap with water-stopping sealant, sticking a tetrafluoro sliding plate on the top of the convex block, constructing a top structural layer of the convex block, and installing a telescopic device on the top surface of an expansion joint to finish construction.
7. The design method of the waterproof expansion joint comprises the following steps: the technical characteristics are as follows: determining the setting position x of the water retaining steel plate3The displacement of the reserved temperature strain at the front end of the water retaining steel plate is the same as the reserved displacement lambda at the front end of the bump, and the setting height is also the same; determining the geometric dimension and thickness delta of the water retaining steel plate1Determining the geometric dimension of the U-shaped steel sleeve and the thickness delta of the steel plate2Determining the mortise and tenon gap epsilon between the water retaining steel plate and the U-shaped steel sleeve2The filling material and the water-stop sealing material, and the method for completing the structural design of the large displacement waterproof expansion joint comprises the following steps: the water retaining steel plate is the front part of the waterproof expansion joint structure, has the functions of retaining floating objects in water and preventing water, and is arranged near the middle part of a seam from the first bump to the upstream surface of the expansion joint, and x is3=（x1-b112)/2; according to the total height of the upstream water head of the expansion joint, calculating the bending moment and the shearing force of the steel plate according to the cantilever beam, and determining the thickness delta of the steel plate1And is not less than 10mm, the material is stainless steel plate, one end of the steel plate is anchored in the convex wall body, and the anchoring length is Lm，Lm= 400-600 mm, the other end is a free end, the length of the free end is equal to the length L of the first bump11The height is equal to the height h of the first bump11(ii) a A U-shaped stainless steel sleeve is arranged on the concave wall body, and the length of the U-shaped stainless steel sleeve is equal to the length L of the groove12Height is equal to groove height h12Width of b32，b32=δ1+2ε2The steel jacket is made of stainless steel plate with thickness delta2Not less than 5 mm; gap epsilon between free section of water retaining steel plate and steel sleeve steel plate2Generally taking 20mm, filling a gap with an asphalt fir board or pouring asphalt bast fiber, and treating the gap with a two-component polyurethane waterproof sealant for not less than 50mm in depth; the construction comprises the steps of fixing a U-shaped stainless steel sleeve, inserting a water retaining steel plate, fixing an anchoring end, welding the steel plate into a whole in sections according to the height of 50-100 cm, filling gaps, sealing the gaps with water-stopping sealant, and constructing a structural layer on the top of the water retaining steel plate;
the symbols have the following meanings:
b0the design width of the expansion joint, in units: the thickness of the film is mm,
b-total width of cross section of water retaining building, unit: m is the sum of the total number of the m,
h-total height of the water retaining building, unit: m is the sum of the total number of the m,
x1the distance between the center of the first convex block of the waterproof expansion joint and the seam opening of the upstream face is as follows: m is the sum of the total number of the m,
η — distance between two bump centers, in units: m is the sum of the total number of the m,
L11the length of the first projection of the waterproof expansion joint, in units: the thickness of the film is mm,
b11width of the first projection of the waterproof expansion joint, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
h11height of the first projection of the waterproof expansion joint, unit: m is the sum of the total number of the m,
μ1the length of the first projection of the waterproof expansion joint extending into the groove, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
delta h-distance from the top surface of the waterproof expansion joint bump to the top surface of the expansion joint, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
L12the length of the first groove of the waterproof expansion joint, in units: the thickness of the film is mm,
b12width of the first groove of the waterproof expansion joint, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
h12height of the first groove of the waterproof expansion joint, unit: m is the sum of the total number of the m,
lambda-displacement reserved at the front end of the waterproof expansion joint bump, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
ε1-gap between the sides of the concave-convex block of the waterproof expansion joint, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
x2the distance between the center of the second bump of the waterproof expansion joint and the seam of the upstream face is as follows: m is the sum of the total number of the m,
L21the length of the second projection of the waterproof expansion joint, in units: the thickness of the film is mm,
b21width of the second projection of the waterproof expansion joint, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
h21height of the second projection of the waterproof expansion joint, unit: m is the sum of the total number of the m,
μ2the length of the second projection of the waterproof expansion joint extending into the groove, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
L22-the length of the second groove of the waterproof expansion joint, in units: the thickness of the film is mm,
b22width of the second groove of the waterproof expansion joint, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
h22-height of the second groove of the waterproof expansion joint, in units: m is the sum of the total number of the m,
x3the distance between the center of the water retaining steel plate and the seam opening of the upstream face of the expansion joint is as follows: m is the sum of the total number of the m,
L31-length of the free section of the water retaining steel plate, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
Lmlength of the water retaining steel plate anchoring section, unit: mm, Lm≥400mm，
μ3The length of the water retaining steel plate extending into the U-shaped steel sleeve is as follows: the thickness of the film is mm,
lambda-reserved displacement of the front end of the water retaining steel plate, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
h31height of the water retaining steel plate, unit: m is the sum of the total number of the m,
L32length of the U-shaped steel jacket, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
b32width of the U-shaped steel jacket, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
h32the height of the U-shaped steel sleeve of the water retaining steel plate is as follows: m is the sum of the total number of the m,
δ1thickness of the water-retaining steel plate, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
δ2-thickness of steel sheet of the U-shaped steel jacket, unit: the thickness of the film is mm,
ε2the clearance between the water retaining steel plate and the side edge of the U-shaped steel sleeve is as follows: and m is selected.
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| CN117947747A (en) * | 2024-03-27 | 2024-04-30 | 常州市武进水利工程有限公司 | Hydraulic engineering construction sealing device |
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