CN102155004B - Steel structure combined sandwich steel plate rockfill dam - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a steel structure combined type sandwich steel plate rock-fill dam which comprises a cushion layer area, a transition area, a rock-fill area, a wave wall, a downstream protection slope and an anti-seepage structure consisting of a water retaining panel, two bank toe boards and a riverbed toe board. The invention has the advantages of a gravity dam and a steel dam, is stable and easy to construct, has flexible structural form, can better adapt to topographic conditions, has low requirement on the performance of dam construction materials, can use various building materials, reduces the environmental damage caused by dam construction, and has the advantages of factory batch processing, high site construction speed and convenient maintenance or replacement.

Description

Steel structure combined sandwich steel plate rockfill dam

technical field

The invention relates to a rockfill dam in the technical field of water conservancy, in particular to a steel structure combined sandwich steel plate rockfill dam.

Background technique

The face rockfill dam is one of the common water retaining structures. It is a dam type composed of a rockfill body and a facing face. Its advantages are: the body of the dam is made of local materials (stone); the structure is simple; it is easy to heighten and expand; it has good adaptability to the foundation; However, the biggest disadvantage of this dam type is that the concrete slab is prone to temperature cracks during the construction process; and during the operation process, the uneven settlement of the dam body will also cause cracks, which will have an adverse effect on the stability of the dam body. And once there is a problem with the concrete panel, there are problems such as maintenance difficulties.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the disadvantages of large investment, long construction period and great impact on the environment of concrete face dams, the invention provides a steel structure combined sandwich steel plate rockfill dam.

Technical solution: A steel structure combined sandwich steel plate rockfill dam, including cushion area, transition area, rockfill area (main rockfill area and secondary rockfill area), wave wall and downstream slope protection, water retaining panels and both banks The anti-seepage structure composed of the toe plate and the toe plate of the river bed. The water retaining panel on the upstream surface of the dam body is a combined sandwich steel plate. The combined sandwich steel plate includes an inner steel plate and an outer steel plate. The inner steel plate consists of several Rectangular weather-resistant steel sheets are made of multiple weather-resistant steel sheets butt-jointed, sealed and fixed, and bonded to the water-facing surface of the dam body. The back-water surface of each inner layer of weather-resistant steel sheets is horizontally provided with multiple fixed ribs that penetrate deep into the dam body. The supporting frame between the two layers of steel plates rides on the junction of the inner layer of weather-resistant steel sheets. The horizontal and vertical supporting frames divide the water-facing surface of the dam body into multiple supporting units, and multiple weather-resistant steel sheets are sealed and fixed on the supporting frame. The outer steel plate is formed; the lower end of the combined sandwich steel plate is connected to the toe plate of the river bed and sealed and fixed, or inserted into the toe plate of the river bed and sealed and fixed, and the two sides of the combined sandwich steel plate are respectively sealed and fixed to the stepped or inclined slopes on both banks , A layer of anti-corrosion and anti-seepage polyurea material is assisted on all surfaces and ribs of the combined sandwich steel plate, as well as on the joints or connecting bolts.

A cushion is provided between the inner plate of the steel structure composite panel and the dam body. The thickness of the weather-resistant steel sheet located in the inner layer is within 10 mm, and the thickness of the outer layer steel plate is in the range of 15 mm to 50 mm. The inner steel plate can transmit the force evenly and act as a formwork for the formation of the filling area of the dam body. The slope adjustment range of the composite panel of the upstream steel structure is very large (37°-45°).

The skeleton is an "I"-shaped steel, and multiple weather-resistant steel sheets of the inner steel plate and the outer steel plate of the combined sandwich steel plate are respectively sealed and fixed on the flange of the "I"-shaped steel by bolts and sealing strips, or by welding Fixed on the flange of "I" shaped steel.

The lower flange of the I-shaped steel is docked with the inner steel plate and is cushioned with a layer of sealing sheet. The lower flange of the I-shaped steel is provided with a through hole, and the inner weather-resistant steel sheet is provided with a corresponding threaded hole. The bolts are screwed from one end of the I-shaped steel. It is sealed and fixed with the outer surface of the inner steel plate; the upper flange of the I-shaped steel is docked with the outer steel plate and is cushioned with a layer of sealing sheet, the upper flange of the I-shaped steel is provided with threaded holes, and the outer steel plate is provided with Corresponding through holes, the bolts are screwed in from the outside of the outer steel plate so that they are sealed and fixed together with the upper flange of the I-shaped steel.

Fixed bolts are vertically fixed on the outer surface of the inner weather-resistant steel sheet, opposite through holes are provided on the lower flange of the I-shaped steel, a layer of sealing sheet is placed between the I-shaped steel and the inner weather-resistant steel sheet, and The through hole is matched and fitted on the corresponding fixed bolt, and the end of each fixed bolt is fixed with a nut; the upper flange of the I-shaped steel is vertically fixed with a fixed bolt, and the outer weather-resistant steel sheet is provided with a corresponding through hole. There is a layer of sealing sheet between the weathering steel sheet and the I-shaped steel. And the through hole is set on the corresponding fixed bolt, and the end of each fixed bolt is fixed with a nut.

The angle between the combined sandwich steel plate on the water-facing surface of the dam body and the horizontal plane ranges from 37° to 45°.

The riverbed downstream of the dam body is a cushion layer or a drainage prism, and the lower end of the combined sandwich steel plate is provided with a drainage channel.

The I-shaped steel is formed by two channel steels fixed by bolts or welding.

The sealing sheet is a rubber pad, and its cross section is in the shape of "几" or in the shape of "Ω".

A through hole is provided on the web of the I-shaped steel.

The I-shaped steels are arranged from bottom to top along the elevation direction from dense to sparse.

An intermediate support frame is also fixed in the support unit, and the intermediate support frame is linear or arc-shaped or polygonal.

The dam body is provided with an overflow dam section, steel plates are fixed on the downstream overflow surface of the overflow dam section, and steel plates are fixed on the dam body on both sides of the overflow dam section.

An anti-seepage wall is vertically arranged on the inner side of the riverbed on the bottom surface of the upstream of the dam body.

The end of the inserting rib is provided with a hook.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

1. The steel structure combined sandwich steel plate rockfill dam of the present invention is a dam body that uses steel plates as the face facing the water and earth and stone materials as the supporting structure, and is essentially a composite dam, which has the advantages of gravity dams and steel structure dams at the same time . Among them, the inner layer of the combined sandwich steel plate is directly connected to the combined supporting steel plate of the dam body, and the inner side of the layer is fixed in the dam body by a plurality of ribs. The part of the facing surface of the dam body is not loose, and the combination of the inner plate and the dam body can be more solid. While the present invention has the advantages of being stable and easy to build of ordinary rockfill dams, it overcomes the traditional concrete face dams and core wall dams with long construction period, difficult construction, large investment, large amount of materials and great impact on the environment Shortcomings.

2. The dam type of the present invention is a new type of hydraulic structure. Compared with the traditional concrete face dam, which is prone to cracks and shortens the service life, the steel structure composite face dam is a mixed material capable of bearing various loads and transferring loads. water retaining structure. Its structure is flexible and can better adapt to terrain conditions. It does not have high requirements on the performance of dam building materials. It can use a variety of building materials to reduce environmental damage caused by dam building. It can be processed in batches in factories and the construction speed on site is fast. , The advantages of easy maintenance or replacement.

3. Another advantage of using combined sandwich steel plates compared with ordinary single-layer steel plates is that the thickness of the steel plate can be reduced, and the steel structure support body formed by the skeleton can evenly disperse the water pressure to the inner steel plate, and then the inner layer The steel plate is transmitted to the dam itself, which is stable and reliable. The upper and lower flanges of the I-shaped skeleton can be effectively sealed and fixed together with the inner and outer steel plates, and the longitudinal and transverse strip-shaped skeletons enclose multiple supporting units in turn, so that the assembly and maintenance of the outer weather-resistant steel sheets are easy. It is very convenient and can be constructed simultaneously, greatly shortening the construction period and improving efficiency.

4. Adopting the technical scheme of the present invention can have two kinds of approaches during construction, one is to repair and level the facing surface of the rockfill dam and lay out the combined sandwich steel plate, and the other is to directly fix the combined sandwich steel plate to form a formwork, and to form a formwork. The inner filling is compacted to form a composite dam body, and the construction is simple and efficient.

5. The present invention can also fix steel plates on the backwater surface and the upper flange of the dam body, so that the dam body itself can flow through, and the flood season can also cooperate with the safety of the flood season, reducing or reducing the number of temporary buildings (such as cofferdams, diversion buildings) Object) design and construction investment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the section structure of a steel structure combined sandwich steel plate rockfill dam of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged structural schematic diagram of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a combined sandwich steel plate;

Fig. 4 is one of the schematic diagrams of the sealed and fixed structure of inner and outer steel plates and I-shaped steel;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the I-beam structure formed by two channel steels being butted and fixed;

Fig. 6 is the second schematic diagram of the sealed and fixed structure of inner and outer steel plates and I-shaped steel;

Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 are respectively two kinds of front structural schematic diagrams of two kinds of dam bodies of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the fixed structure of the inner and outer steel plates.

The number 1 in the figure is the rockfill dam body, 2 is the outer steel plate, 3 is the inner steel plate, 4 is the downstream slope protection, 5 is the reinforcement, 6 is the anti-seepage wall, 7 is the upstream water level, and 9 is the I-shaped steel (skeleton ), 10 is the overflow dam section, 11 is the step surface, 11' is the slope, 12 is the toe board, 13 is the river bed, 14 is the transition layer, 15 is the upstream bedding, 16 is the wave wall, 17 is the bolt, 18 is Through hole, 19 is the sealing pad (rubber pad), 20 is the linear skeleton of the middle support, 21 is the arc-shaped bracket of the middle support, 22 is the through hole of the outer steel plate, 22' is the threaded hole of the inner steel plate, 23 For fixed bolt, 24 is the I-shaped steel upper flange threaded hole, 24 ' is the I-shaped steel lower flange through hole, and 25 is a cushion.

Detailed ways

Embodiment 1: Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 4 and Fig. 7, a steel structure combined sandwich steel plate rockfill dam, the dam body is a rockfill dam composed of rockfill, and the rockfill dam includes a cushion area and a transition area , rockfill area (main rockfill area and secondary rockfill area), anti-seepage structure composed of steel structure panels, toe slabs on both banks and riverbed toe slabs, as well as the wave wall at the top of the dam and downstream slope protection, upstream of the dam body The water surface is set as a combined sandwich steel plate.

The combined sandwich steel plate includes an inner layer combined steel plate and an outer layer combined steel plate, and a supporting frame is arranged between the inner and outer layer combined steel plates.

The inner composite steel plate is attached to the water-facing surface of the dam body. The inner steel plate is a plurality of weather-resistant steel sheets that meet the structural layout and is fixed by butt joint sealing. The inner surface of each inner layer of weather-resistant steel sheet is fixed with multiple ribs horizontally. Each rib goes deep into the inner side of the dam body.

The outer surface of the butt joints of the inner weathering steel sheets is fixed with "I"-shaped steel (skeleton), and the vertical and horizontal "I"-shaped steels enclose multiple supporting units in turn, and the outer surfaces of each supporting unit are sealed separately. The corresponding outer steel plate is fixed, and each outer steel plate is butt sealed and fixed to form an outer steel plate; the inner steel plate of the combined sandwich steel plate and the multiple weather-resistant steel plates of the outer steel plate are respectively sealed and fixed by bolts and sealing strips On the flange of the "I" shaped steel. The specific structure is that the lower flange of the I-shaped steel is butted with the inner composite steel plate and is cushioned with a layer of sealing sheet. The sealing sheet is a rubber pad and its cross section is in the shape of "Ji". There is a through hole on the lower flange of the I-shaped steel, and a corresponding threaded hole is provided on the inner weather-resistant steel sheet. The bolt is screwed in from one end of the I-shaped steel to seal and fix it with the outer surface of the inner steel plate; The flange is butted with the outer steel plate and is covered with a layer of sealing sheet. The upper flange of the I-shaped steel is provided with threaded holes, and the outer steel plate is provided with corresponding through holes. The bolts are screwed in from the outer The upper flanges of the steel sections are sealed together.

The slopes on both sides of the dam body are concrete step-like or slope-like toe-slabs, and the riverbed on the upstream surface of the dam body is a concrete plane toe-slab. The two sides of the combined sandwich steel plate are sealed and fixed with the stepped or slope-shaped slopes on both sides of the bank, and there is an auxiliary one on all surfaces of the combined sandwich steel plate and on the ribs, as well as on the joints or connecting bolts. Anti-corrosion and anti-seepage coating polyurea material.

A cushion is provided between the inner plate of the steel structure composite panel and the dam body. The thickness of the weather-resistant steel sheet located in the inner layer is within 10 mm, and the thickness of the outer layer steel plate is in the range of 15 mm to 50 mm. The inner steel plate can transmit the force evenly and act as a formwork for the formation of the filling area of the dam body. The slope adjustment range of the composite panel of the upstream steel structure is very large (37°-45°).

The web of the I-shaped steel is provided with a through hole, and the lower end of the composite panel of the steel structure is provided with a drainage channel.

The spacing density of the framework from the bottom of the dam to the top of the dam gradually changes from dense to sparse. An intermediate support frame may also be fixed in the support unit, and FIG. 3 shows that the intermediate support frame is linear.

Embodiment 2: Referring to Fig. 5, the content is basically the same as Embodiment 1, and the similarities will not be repeated. The difference is that the I-shaped steel is formed by two channel steels fixed by bolts or welding.

Embodiment 3: Referring to Fig. 6, the content is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, and the similarities will not be repeated. The difference is that fixed bolts are vertically fixed on the outer surface of the inner weather-resistant steel sheet, and on the lower flange of the I-shaped steel There is a through hole for the purpose, a layer of sealing sheet is placed between the I-shaped steel and the inner weathering steel sheet, and the through hole is matched with the corresponding fixed bolt, and the end of each fixed bolt is fixed with a nut; The upper flange of the I-shaped steel is vertically fixed with fixed bolts, the outer weather-resistant steel sheet is provided with corresponding through holes, and a layer of sealing sheet is placed between the outer weather-resistant steel sheet and the I-shaped steel. And the through hole is set on the corresponding fixed bolt, and the end of each fixed bolt is fixed with a nut.

Embodiment 4: Referring to Figure 8, the content is basically the same as Embodiment 1, and the similarities will not be repeated. The difference is that the slopes on both banks are sloped.

Embodiment 5: The accompanying drawings are not drawn, and the content is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, and the similarities will not be repeated. The difference is that an overflow dam section is provided in the middle of the dam body, and the downstream side and upper flange of the overflow dam section Both are fixed with steel plates, and both sides of the overflow dam section are also fixed with steel plates.

Embodiment 6: Referring to Fig. 9, the content is basically the same as Embodiment 1, and the similarities will not be repeated. The difference is that an intermediate support frame is fixed in the support unit, and the intermediate support frame is arc-shaped.

Embodiment 7: The accompanying drawings are not drawn, and the content is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, and the similarities will not be repeated. The difference is that the multiple weather-resistant steel sheets of the inner steel plate and the outer steel plate of the combined sandwich steel plate are fixed by welding On the flange of the "I" shaped steel.

Embodiment 8: The accompanying drawings are not drawn, and the content is basically the same as Embodiment 1, and the similarities will not be repeated. The difference is that the sealing sheet is a rubber pad, and its cross section is "Ω" shape.

Embodiment 9: The drawings are not drawn, and the content is basically the same as Embodiment 1, and the similarities will not be repeated. The difference is that the end of the inserting rib is provided with a hook.

Claims (10)

1. A steel structure combined sandwich steel plate rockfill dam, including a cushion layer area, a transition area, a rockfill area, a wave wall and a downstream slope protection, an anti-seepage structure composed of water retaining panels, plinths on both sides of the river, and plinths on the river bed , which is characterized in that: the water retaining panel on the upstream surface of the dam body is a combined sandwich steel plate, the combined sandwich steel plate includes an inner steel plate and an outer steel plate, and the inner steel plate is a plurality of weather-resistant steel sheets that meet the structural layout form It is fixed by butt joint sealing, and is attached to the water-facing surface of the dam body. The back-water surface of each inner weather-resistant steel sheet is horizontally provided with multiple fixed ribs that penetrate into the dam body, and the supporting frame between the inner and outer steel plates rides on the inner layer. At the junction of the weather-resistant steel sheets, the horizontal and vertical support frames divide the water-facing surface of the dam body into multiple support units, and the multiple weather-resistant steel sheets are sealed and fixed on the support frame to form an outer steel plate; the lower end of the combined sandwich steel plate and The toe board of the river bed is connected and sealed and fixed, or inserted into the toe board of the river bed and sealed and fixed. The two sides of the combined sandwich steel plate are respectively sealed and fixed with the stepped or inclined slopes on both banks. All surfaces of the combined sandwich steel plate are fixed and sealed. There is a layer of anti-corrosion and anti-seepage coating polyurea material on the ribs and on the joints of the weather-resistant steel sheets. 2. The steel structure combined sandwich steel plate rockfill dam according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the skeleton is an "I"-shaped steel, and a plurality of weather-resistant steel sheets of the inner steel plate and the outer steel plate of the combined sandwich steel plate They are respectively sealed and fixed on the flange of the "I"-shaped steel by bolts and sealing sheets, or fixed on the flange of the "I"-shaped steel by welding. 3. According to claim 2, the steel structure combined sandwich steel plate rockfill dam is characterized in that: the lower flange of the I-shaped steel is docked with the inner steel plate and is cushioned with a layer of sealing sheet, and the lower flange of the I-shaped steel is provided with Through holes, corresponding threaded holes are provided on the inner weather-resistant steel sheet, bolts are screwed in from one end of the I-shaped steel to seal and fix it with the outer surface of the inner steel plate; the upper flange of the I-shaped steel is docked with the outer steel plate and is cushioned with a layer For the sealing sheet, threaded holes are provided on the upper flange of the I-shaped steel, and corresponding through holes are provided on the outer steel plate, and bolts are screwed in from the outer side of the outer steel plate to seal and fix together with the upper flange of the I-shaped steel. 4. According to claim 2, the steel structure combined sandwich steel plate rockfill dam is characterized in that: fixed bolts are vertically fixed on the outer surface of the inner weathering steel sheet, and the lower flange of the I-shaped steel is provided with a pair of Through holes, a layer of sealing sheet is placed between the I-shaped steel and the inner weather-resistant steel sheet, and the through holes are matched and fitted on the corresponding fixed bolts, and nuts are fixed at the ends of each fixed bolt; the upper wing of the I-shaped steel The fixed bolts are vertically fixed on the outer layer of the weather-resistant steel sheet, and there is a layer of sealing sheet between the outer layer of weather-resistant steel sheet and the I-shaped steel, and the through hole is set on the corresponding fixed bolt. The ends of each fixed bolt are fixed with nuts. 5. The steel structure combined sandwich steel plate rockfill dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: the angle between the combined sandwich steel plate on the water-facing surface of the dam body and the horizontal plane ranges from 37° to 45°. 6. According to any one of claims 2, 3 or 4, the steel structure combined sandwich steel plate rockfill dam is characterized in that: the sealing sheet is a rubber pad or a copper sheet, and its cross section is in the shape of a "six", or The cross section is "Ω" shape. 7. The steel structure combined sandwich steel plate rockfill dam according to any one of claims 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that a through hole is provided on the web of the I-shaped steel. 8. The steel structure composite sandwich steel plate rockfill dam according to claim 2, characterized in that: the arrangement of the I-shaped steel along the elevation direction changes from dense to sparse from bottom to top. 9. The steel structure combined sandwich steel plate rockfill dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: an intermediate support frame is fixed in the support unit, and the intermediate support frame is linear or arc-shaped or polygonal. 10. The steel structure combined sandwich steel plate rockfill dam according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the dam body is provided with an overflow dam section, and steel plates are all fixed on the overflow surface of the overflow dam section, and the two overflow dam sections Steel plates are fixed on the side dam body.

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