CN113930026B - 一种基于球形氮化硼填料的高导热低介电树脂组合物及应用其制备半固化片和覆铜板的方法 - Google Patents
一种基于球形氮化硼填料的高导热低介电树脂组合物及应用其制备半固化片和覆铜板的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种基于球形氮化硼填料的高导热低介电树脂组合物及应用其制备半固化片和覆铜板的方法。本发明的树脂组合物包括以下组分及重量份:树脂10‑40份,填料10‑40份,阻燃剂4‑10份,引发剂0.5‑1份。本发明通过采用十八胺接枝球形氮化硼为导热填料制备半固化片,并采用该半固化片制备覆铜板。由于十八胺接枝球形氮化硼具备高导热、低比表面、低介电、高填充性,通过其与碳氢树脂的复合制备的高频高速覆铜板的介电常数DK为3.5,热导率达到了3 W/m.k,阻燃性达到UL 94V‑0等级,同时具有较高的玻璃化转变温度,优良的耐湿热性,同时具有热固性覆铜板的优异的加工性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种基于球形氮化硼填料的高导热低介电树脂组合物及应用其制备半固化片和覆铜板的方法,属于电子材料技术领域。
背景技术
5G通讯技术是移动通讯技术的第5代系统,是为满足2023年后移动互联网和万物互联网业务的发展需求。相比于4G通讯技术, 5G通讯技术具有更快的信息传输速率,更强的频谱利用效率,更低的延时,更可靠的信息传输和更高的链接密度等。在5G天线应用领域,更高的频率以及互联密度就要求所使用的基材具有更稳定的介质常数、低的介质损耗、以及高效的散热性能。对于普遍使用的天线基材,FR-4是目前为止使用最广泛的介电材料。FR-4是以环氧树脂作基体树脂、玻璃纤维布为增强材料的一类基板。但是,环氧树脂和玻纤布的导热性均较差,一般通用的FR-4热导率仅为0.25W/m.K。因此,其热性能已不能满足目前大功率器件的散热需求。
中国发明专利申请CN101974208A提供一种制备高导热FR-4的方法,该方法通过添加较大比例的导热填料,比如碳化硅(SiC)、氧化铝(Al2O3)、氮化铝(AlN)和氮化硼(BN)等,最大导热率可以达到2W/m·K以上,但导热填料的添加量达到了60%以上,主要原因是导热基体的导热率主要取决于导热填料粒子在基体中能否有效的形成导热网络。导热填料粒子在体系中含量较少时,粒子之间彼此不能接触,此时填料粒子对体系的导热性能没有明显的作用。只有当导热填料粒子在体系中含量达到某一临界值时,填料粒子之间彼此接触,形成导热通道,才能使导热体系的导热率大幅提高,所以想要得到高导热的覆铜板就需要导热通道的建立。
中国发明专利申请CN111635626A提供了一种制备高导热低介电性能粘结片和覆铜板的方法,然而大量导热填料的增加,又会增加覆铜板的介电常数,降低电绝缘性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的不足,提供一种基于球形氮化硼填料高导热低介电树脂组合物及应用其制备半固化片和覆铜板的方法。
本发明的技术方案如下:
本发明的第一个发明目的是提供一种基于球形氮化硼填料的高导热低介电树脂组合物。
本发明的树脂组合物,包括以下组分及重量份:树脂10-40份,填料10-40份,阻燃剂4-10份,引发剂0.5-1份。优选地,所述的树脂组合物,包括以下组分及重量份:树脂20份,填料35份,阻燃剂 4份,引发剂1份。
其中,
所述的树脂为多碳氢类结构的树脂体系,为聚二烯烃类聚合物树脂、氰酸脂树脂或苯并环丁烯树脂中的一种或者多种。所述聚二烯烃类聚合物,其包含异戊二烯、苯乙烯、丁二烯共聚物、苯乙烯/二乙烯基共聚物、聚二乙烯基苯或双环戊二烯类聚合物。优选地,所述的树脂为丁苯树脂和聚丁二烯树脂,两者的重量比为1:1。
所述的填料包括球型氮化硼,还包括氮化硼纳米管、片状氮化硼、三氧化二铝、熔融二氧化硅中的一种或多种;所述球型氮化硼为十八胺接枝球形氮化硼。所述的填料优选改性熔融型二氧化硅与十八胺接枝球形氮化硼,两者的重量比为1:1.3-6。更优选地,两者的重量比为1:6。
球型氮化硼填料,具备高导热、低比表面、低介电、高填充性,粒径在10-100μm之间,如图1所示。球形氮化硼具有导热各向同性的特性,克服了片状氮化硼导热各向异性的弊端,能够在较低的填充比例下,实现良好的平面导热性,同时兼具氮化硼自身低密度,低介电常数的优点。
所述十八胺接枝球形氮化硼的制备方法,包括如下步骤:先将球形BN在80℃下真空干燥24h,再将干燥后的球形BN和过量的十八胺粉末在170~180℃的油浴中氮气保护下反应24h;然后加入乙醇搅拌后超声30min,将超声处理后的溶液加热到80℃,除去乙醇,在氮气保护下升温至170~180℃反应24h,待反应液冷却至室温,过滤分离出球形BN颗粒,再用乙醇冲洗3次,以除去多余的十八胺,最后将球形BN颗粒置于90℃的真空烘箱中干燥至恒重,除掉溶剂。
所述的阻燃剂,选自含磷阻燃剂、含氮阻燃剂、十溴二苯醚、十溴二苯乙烷或四溴双酚A或十溴环十二烷。优选地,所述的阻燃剂为十溴二苯醚。
所述的引发剂,选自过氧类自由基类引发剂,包括过氧化二苯甲酰,双叔丁基过氧化二异基苯,过氧化苯甲酸叔丁酯,二叔丁基过氧化物,过氧化氢叔丁醇,二异丙苯过氧化氢,过氧化甲乙酮,1,1, 3,3-四甲基丁基过氧化氢,特戊基过氧化氢等中的一种或者多种。优选地,所述的引发剂为双叔丁基过氧化二异基苯(BIPB)。
本发明的第二个发明目的是提供上述基于球形氮化硼填料高导热低介电树脂组合物制备半固化片的方法。
所述的制备方法,主要包括以下步骤:
1)先按比例称取树脂、填料、阻燃剂和引发剂;
2)然后称量好的各组分加入混胶瓶内,加入溶剂,搅拌直至完全溶解;
3)将混合均匀的胶液采用砂磨机、球磨机或者高速乳化机进行分散后,即得到树脂组合物胶液;
4)将玻璃纤维布在上述树脂组合物胶液中浸渍后,经过浸胶机,浸胶机间隙宽度为0.25mm,在150℃的烘箱中烘烤5min,即可制得半固化片。
所述的步骤2)中,溶剂选自甲苯、二甲苯、丙酮、丁酮或三氯甲烷。优选甲苯和丁酮。
所述的步骤4)中,玻璃纤维布为电子级玻璃纤维布。
所述的步骤4)中,所述的玻璃纤维布的重量占玻璃纤维布与树脂组合物胶液总重量的百分比为40%。
本发明的第三个发明目的是提供应用上述半固化片制备覆铜板的方法。
应用上述半固化片制备覆铜板的方法,包括如下步骤:取4张上述半固化片叠放整齐,两面覆上18μm的电解铜箔,置于真空热油压机中,压合程序如下:层压的升温速率控制在3℃/min;层压的压力全程保持3MPa;控制半固化片的温度在220℃,并保温100min。
本发明具有如下技术效果:
1)本发明通过采用十八胺接枝球形氮化硼为导热填料制备半固化片,并采用该半固化片制备覆铜板。由于十八胺接枝球形氮化硼具备高导热、低比表面、低介电、高填充性,通过其与碳氢树脂的复合制备的高频高速覆铜板的介电常数DK为3.5(@10GHz),热导率达到了3W/m.k,阻燃性达到UL 94V-0等级,同时具有较高的玻璃化转变温度,优良的耐湿热性,同时具有热固性覆铜板的优异的加工性能。
2)通过对照试验可以看出:实施例1与对比例1相比,区别在于实施例1使用十八胺接枝球形氮化硼,对比例1使用球形氮化硼,在各组分含量不变的情况下,十八胺接枝球形氮化硼制备的覆铜板的热导率明显偏高。对比例2与实施例1中添加的导热填料的比例相同,不同点在与实施例1添加的是十八胺接枝球形氮化硼,而对比例2添加的是十八胺接枝片状氮化硼,对比例2导热系数明显要低于实施例 1,可见十八胺接枝球形氮化硼能显著增加材料的热导率。
附图说明
图1为球形氮化硼SEM图。
图2为球形氮化硼十八胺接枝前后红外对比图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步地详细说明。
本发明涉及的材料购买来源说明如下:
丁苯树脂R100购自克雷威利化工有限公司。
聚丁二烯树脂B3000购自日本曹达。
电子级玻璃纤维布购自日东纺,型号2116。
球形氮化硼、片状氮化硼及改性熔融型二氧化硅均购自苏州锦艺。
本发明各实施例中所用的十八胺接枝球形氮化硼的制备方法,步骤如下:先将球形BN在80℃下真空干燥24h,取干燥后的球形氮化硼30g,和5g的十八胺粉末在180℃的油浴中氮气保护下反应24小时。然后加入乙醇搅拌后超声30分钟,将超声处理后的溶液加热到80℃,除去乙醇,在氮气保护下升温至180℃反应24小时,待反应液冷却至室温,过滤分离出球形氮化硼颗粒,再用乙醇冲洗3次,以除去多余的十八胺,最后将球形BN颗粒置于90℃的真空烘箱中干燥至恒重,除掉溶剂,得到十八胺接枝球形氮化硼32g。
图2为球形氮化硼十八胺接枝前后红外对比图,证明成功得到了十八胺接枝球形氮化硼。
从图2可以看出,未处理的球形BN在1375cm-1和818cm-1处两个红外吸收峰分别是B-N的拉伸振动和N-B-N的变形振动峰。3465 cm-1处的吸收峰归属于-OH基团的伸缩峰和弯曲振动,由此可以看出,经烘干处理后的球形BN还是带有一些水分子。对比球形BN和 GBN的红外光谱可知,GBN在3451cm-1处出现强的吸收峰,这是因为在3451cm-1处还有-NH的伸缩振动,此外GBN的红外光谱在 2917cm-1和2850cm-1处出现了两个吸收峰,分别归属于-CH2的对称伸缩振动和反对称伸缩振动,表明改性后的BN纳米片表面已经成功修饰或接枝上十八胺。
实施例1
一、制备半固化片
原料如下:丁苯树脂R100 10g,聚丁二烯树脂10g,填料改性熔融型二氧化硅5g,填料十八胺接枝球形氮化硼30g,阻燃剂十溴二苯醚4g,引发剂BIPB 1g,甲苯30g,丁酮(MEK)10g。
半固化片的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1)按照重量份分别称取各组分;
2)将丁苯树脂放入混胶瓶中,再向混胶瓶中加入溶剂甲苯和 MEK,搅拌直至树脂完全溶解;
3)然后向混胶瓶中加入聚丁二烯树脂,搅拌至混合均匀;
4)再向混胶瓶中加入填料、阻燃剂和引发剂,搅拌至混合均匀;
5)将混合后的混合物乳化分散,转速为3000r/min,然后调节体系固含量为60%,混制成胶液;
6)将40g电子级玻璃纤维布在60g上述树脂组合物胶液中浸渍后,经过浸胶机,浸胶机间隙宽度为0.25mm,在150℃的高温烘箱中烘烤5min,即可制得半固化片。
二、制备覆铜板
取4张上述半固化片,叠放整齐,两面覆上18μm的电解铜箔,置于真空热油压机中,压合程序如下:层压的升温速率控制在3℃/min;层压的压力全程保持3MPa;控制半固化片的温度在220℃,并保温 100min。
制得的覆铜箔层压板性能如表1所示。
实施例2
一、制备半固化片
原料:丁苯树脂R100 10g,聚丁二烯树脂10g,填料改性熔融型二氧化硅10g,填料十八胺接枝球形氮化硼25g,阻燃剂十溴二苯醚 4g,引发剂BIPB 1g,甲苯30g,丁酮(MEK)10g。
半固化片的制备方法,同实施例1。
二、覆铜板的制备方法,同实施例1。
制得的覆铜箔层压板性能如表1所示。
实施例3
一、制备半固化片
原料:丁苯树脂R100 10g,聚丁二烯树脂10g,填料改性熔融型二氧化硅15g,填料十八胺接枝球形氮化硼20g,阻燃剂十溴二苯醚 4g;引发剂BIPB 1g,甲苯30g,丁酮(MEK)10g。
半固化片的制备方法,同实施例1。
二、覆铜板的制备方法,同实施例1。
制得的覆铜箔层压板性能如表1所示。
对比例1
一、制备半固化片
原料:丁苯树脂R100 10g,聚丁二烯树脂10g,填料改性熔融型二氧化硅5g,填料球形氮化硼30g,阻燃剂十溴二苯醚4g;引发剂 BIPB 1g,甲苯30g,丁酮(MEK)10g。
半固化片的制备方法,同实施例1。
二、覆铜板的制备方法,同实施例1。
制得的覆铜箔层压板性能如表1所示。
对比例2
一、制备半固化片
原料:丁苯树脂R100 10g,聚丁二烯树脂10g,填料改性熔融型二氧化硅5g,片状氮化硼30g,十八胺5g,十溴二苯醚型阻燃剂 4g;引发剂BIPB 1g,甲苯30g,丁酮(MEK)10g。
采用以下方法制备而成:
1)按照重量份分别称取各组分;
2)将30g的片状氮化硼和5g的十八胺粉末在180℃的油浴中氮气保护下反应24小时。然后加入乙醇搅拌后超声30分钟,将超声处理后的溶液加热到80℃,除去乙醇,在氮气保护下升温至180℃反应24小时,待反应液冷却至室温,过滤分离出球形氮化硼颗粒,再用乙醇冲洗3次,以除去多余的十八胺,得到十八胺接枝片状氮化硼。
3)将丁苯树脂放入混胶瓶中,再向混胶瓶中加入溶剂甲苯和MEK,搅拌直至树脂完全溶解;
4)然后向混胶瓶中加入聚丁二烯树脂,搅拌至混合均匀;
5)再向混胶瓶中加入填料改性熔融型二氧化硅、填料十八胺接枝片状氮化硼、阻燃剂和引发剂,搅拌至混合均匀;
6)将混合后的混合物乳化分散,转速为3000r/min,然后调节体系固含量为60%,混制成胶液;
7)将40g电子级玻璃纤维布在60g的树脂组合物胶液中浸渍后,经过0.25mm间隙的滚轴后,在150℃的高温烘箱中烘烤5min,即可制得半固化片。
二、覆铜板的制备方法,同实施例1。
制得的覆铜箔层压板性能如表1所示。
表1各实施例和对比例的覆铜箔层压板性能
结论:
从上述表1可以看到:实施例1-3的覆铜层压板可以同时达到较低介质损耗和优异的高导热性,阻燃性达到UL 94V-0等级,具有较高的玻璃化转变温度,优良的耐热性。
将实施例1-3相比,区别在于,实施例1-3分别采用了十八胺接枝球形氮化硼与熔融二氧化硅不同的质量比,可以看出,随十八胺接枝球形氮化硼的比例增大,最终制备的覆铜板的导热率增大,介电常数与介电损耗变大。
通过对比例1可以看到:实施例1与对比例1相比,区别在于实施例1使用十八胺接枝球形氮化硼,对比例1使用球形氮化硼,在各组分含量不变的情况下,十八胺接枝球形氮化硼制备的覆铜板的热导率明显偏高。
通过对比例2可以看到,对比例2导热系数明显要低于实施例1,但对比例2与实施例1中添加的导热填料的比例相同,不同点在与实施例1添加的是十八胺接枝球形氮化硼,而对比例2添加的是十八胺接枝片状氮化硼,说明十八胺接枝球形氮化硼能显著增加材料的热导率。
因此,优选的导热填料为十八胺接枝球形氮化硼和改性熔融型二氧化硅。在实施例1-3中,较优选的实施例为实施例1,各项性能参数均较优。
Claims (10)
1.一种基于球形氮化硼填料的高导热低介电树脂组合物,其特征在于,包括以下组分及重量份:树脂10-40份,填料10-40份,阻燃剂4-10份,引发剂0.5-1份;
所述的树脂为丁苯树脂、聚丁二烯树脂、聚二烯烃类聚合物树脂、氰酸脂树脂或苯并环丁烯树脂中的一种或者多种;所述聚二烯烃类聚合物树脂,选自异戊二烯、苯乙烯、丁二烯共聚物、聚二乙烯基苯或双环戊二烯类聚合物;
所述的填料包括球型氮化硼,还包括氮化硼纳米管、片状氮化硼、三氧化二铝、熔融二氧化硅中的一种或多种;所述球型氮化硼为十八胺接枝球形氮化硼;
所述的阻燃剂,选自含磷阻燃剂、含氮阻燃剂、十溴二苯醚、十溴二苯乙烷或四溴双酚A或十溴环十二烷;
所述的引发剂,选自过氧类自由基类引发剂,包括过氧化二苯甲酰,双叔丁基过氧化异丙基苯,过氧化苯甲酸叔丁酯,过氧化氢叔丁醇,二异丙苯过氧化氢,过氧化甲乙酮,1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基过氧化氢,特戊基过氧化氢中的一种或者多种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于球形氮化硼填料的高导热低介电树脂组合物,其特征在于,所述的树脂组合物,包括以下组分及重量份:树脂20份,填料35份,阻燃剂4份,引发剂1份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的基于球形氮化硼填料的高导热低介电树脂组合物,其特征在于,所述的树脂为丁苯树脂和聚丁二烯树脂,两者的重量比为1:1。
4.根据权利要求1所述的基于球形氮化硼填料的高导热低介电树脂组合物,其特征在于,所述的填料为熔融二氧化硅与十八胺接枝球形氮化硼,两者的重量比为1:1.3-6。
5.根据权利要求1所述的基于球形氮化硼填料的高导热低介电树脂组合物,其特征在于,所述十八胺接枝球形氮化硼的制备方法,包括如下步骤:先将球形BN在80℃下真空干燥24 h,再将干燥后的球形BN和过量的十八胺粉末在170~180℃的油浴中氮气保护下反应24h;然后加入乙醇搅拌后超声30min,将超声处理后的溶液加热到80℃,除去乙醇,在氮气保护下升温至170~180℃反应24 h,待反应液冷却至室温,过滤分离出球形BN颗粒,再用乙醇冲洗3次,以除去多余的十八胺,最后将球形BN颗粒置于90 ℃的真空烘箱中干燥至恒重,除掉溶剂。
6.根据权利要求1所述的基于球形氮化硼填料的高导热低介电树脂组合物,其特征在于,所述的阻燃剂为十溴二苯醚。
7.根据权利要求1所述的基于球形氮化硼填料的高导热低介电树脂组合物,其特征在于,所述的引发剂为双叔丁基过氧化异丙基苯。
8.使用如权利要求1-7任意一项所述的基于球形氮化硼填料的高导热低介电树脂组合物制备半固化片的方法,其特征在于,所述的制备方法,主要包括以下步骤:
1)先按比例称取树脂、填料、阻燃剂和引发剂;
2)然后称量好的各组分加入混胶瓶内,加入溶剂,搅拌直至完全溶解;
3)将混合均匀的胶液采用砂磨机、球磨机或者高速乳化机进行分散后,即得到树脂组合物胶液;
4)将玻璃纤维布在上述树脂组合物胶液中浸渍后,经过浸胶机,浸胶机间隙宽度为0.25mm,在150℃的烘箱中烘烤5 min,即可制得半固化片。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于,
所述的步骤2)中,溶剂选自甲苯、二甲苯、丙酮、丁酮或三氯甲烷;
所述的步骤4)中,玻璃纤维布为电子级玻璃纤维布;
所述的步骤4)中,所述的玻璃纤维布的重量占玻璃纤维布与树脂组合物胶液总重量的百分比为40%。
10.使用如权利要求9所述的方法制备的半固化片制备覆铜板的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:取4张半固化片叠放整齐,两面覆上18μm的电解铜箔,置于真空热油压机中,压合程序如下:层压的升温速率控制在3℃/min;层压的压力全程保持 3MPa;控制半固化片的温度在220℃,并保温100 min。
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