CN113922702A - Vibration-damping energy-harvesting integrated piezoelectric metamaterial plate - Google Patents
Vibration-damping energy-harvesting integrated piezoelectric metamaterial plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN113922702A CN113922702A CN202110999667.7A CN202110999667A CN113922702A CN 113922702 A CN113922702 A CN 113922702A CN 202110999667 A CN202110999667 A CN 202110999667A CN 113922702 A CN113922702 A CN 113922702A
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- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052451 lead zirconate titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconate titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4].[Pb+2] HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
- H02N2/188—Vibration harvesters adapted for resonant operation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
- F16F7/10—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect
- F16F7/104—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia member being resiliently mounted
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vibration-damping energy-harvesting integrated piezoelectric metamaterial plate which comprises a thin plate, a piezoelectric sheet, a cantilever plate, a cylindrical base, a Z-shaped connecting frame and an annular quality frame. The invention aims at the vibration of a broadband low-frequency environment, takes a piezoelectric metamaterial sheet structure as an object, and utilizes the fundamental theories of elastic wave propagation, piezoelectric energy harvesting and the like in the sheet to establish a vibration-damping and energy-harvesting integrated piezoelectric metamaterial sheet. Meanwhile, the piezoelectric vibrator can reach resonance frequency, and the energy harvesting effect is realized, so that the electric energy output is increased, and the energy harvesting density is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of vibration energy collection, relates to the technical field of new energy and micro-electromechanical systems, and particularly relates to a vibration-damping and energy-harvesting integrated piezoelectric metamaterial plate with energy harvesting and low-frequency vibration attenuation functions.
Background
With the rapid progress and development of technologies such as microelectronics, low power consumption design and the like, the power consumption of the power supply is continuously reduced, and the normal work of the power supply can be ensured only by milliwatt-level or even microwatt-level electric energy. Just because the power consumption of the sensor is reduced, the power supply idea of the embedded sensor is to capture energy from the environment, such as vibration mechanical energy, solar energy, wind energy and other forms of energy in the environment, and further convert the energy into electric energy to realize self-power supply of the wireless sensor, and the technology for capturing the energy is called energy capture or energy capture technology. Vibration energy capture is currently mainly divided into three modes: electromagnetic, electrostatic and piezoelectric, and the piezoelectric conversion mechanism has the advantages of no electromagnetic interference, high energy density, easy integration, microminiaturization and the like, and has wide application prospect. Therefore, the piezoelectric effect is utilized to capture the energy in the vibration environment and supply power to the embedded sensor, and the method is a promising technical approach.
At present, people have achieved abundant research results in the field of piezoelectric energy harvesting, but for practical application, a vibration source is assumed to be a fixed position, energy concentration and unilateral vibration excitation in an experiment, and the assumption is over simplified. In practice, structural vibration is often non-directional, much energy of the structural vibration exists in the form of elastic waves, the structural vibration has the characteristics of broadband, low frequency and the like, and the wave characteristic of the elastic waves and the piezoelectric energy harvesting structure are organically combined to improve the broadband low-frequency energy harvesting efficiency. Therefore, it is important to focus the vibration energy of the broadband low-frequency environment on the piezoelectric material as much as possible and effectively control the propagation of the elastic wave in the piezoelectric power generation structure. In recent years, metamaterials are different military projections in the field of fluctuation characteristic control, are artificially designed materials with special structures, have the properties of negative refractive index, negative energy density, negative rigidity and the like which cannot be possessed by natural materials, and show great research potential in the field of energy capture.
Chinese patent application (publication No. CN109951106A) discloses an array arrangement type piezoelectric energy harvester for non-directional flow, which comprises a plurality of piezoelectric vibrators, an array clamp mechanism, a guide wing mechanism, a gear transmission mechanism and a shell; the invention applies non-directional flow, a plurality of piezoelectric vibrators are arranged on an array clamp mechanism, the motion states of the vibrators are mutually coupled, and the energy harvesting effect is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention relates to a vibration-damping energy-harvesting integrated piezoelectric metamaterial plate, which overcomes the defects in the prior art, can convert vibration energy in the environment into electric energy to provide energy for microelectronic devices, and can also influence the vibration response of a thin plate by utilizing the energy-harvesting characteristic of each piezoelectric vibrator to play a role in vibration attenuation, thereby prolonging the service life.
Referring to the attached figure 1, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the invention discloses a multifunctional metamaterial plate which comprises a thin plate (1), a piezoelectric sheet (2), a cantilever plate (3), a cylindrical base (4), a Z-shaped connecting frame (5) and an annular mass frame (6).
The thin plate structure is a common structure form, and can generate obvious vibration during operation, and the vibration energy can be converted into electric energy by utilizing the piezoelectric effect so as to be stored in the wireless sensor. However, the nondirectional vibration and energy of the mechanism are often transmitted in the form of elastic waves and have the characteristics of broadband and low frequency, so that the piezoelectric energy harvesting device can organically combine the elastic wave fluctuation characteristic and the piezoelectric energy harvesting structure characteristic by adopting the mode that the piezoelectric vibrators are uniformly arranged on the thin plate in an array mode, and achieves the effects of improving the energy harvesting efficiency and inhibiting the vibration of the thin plate.
The energy harvesting method of the vibration-damping energy-harvesting integrated piezoelectric metamaterial plate comprises the following specific steps:
the piezoelectric vibrators on the thin plate (1) are of cantilever structures with additional mass frames, each vibrator generates resonance under excitation of elastic waves with specific frequency, and when the resonance occurs, the cantilever structures can generate large-amplitude vibration, and have large-deflection change and large-rotation-angle change. The first-order resonance main vibration mode is formed by the combined action of bending deformation of the cantilever plates (3) and rotation of the annular mass frame (6) around the y axis, the deformation directions of the two cantilever plates (3) are opposite, the second-order resonance main vibration mode is obtained by bending of the cantilever plates (3) and vertical translation of the annular mass frame (6) along the z axis, the deformation of the two cantilever plates (3) is the same, the third-order resonance main vibration mode is formed by torsion of the cantilever plates (3) and rotation of the annular mass frame (6) around the x axis, and the first three-order vibration modes are in a low-frequency range, so that three high-output voltage regions can be generated, and the working interval of the energy converter is greatly enlarged.
The vibration reduction and energy harvesting integrated piezoelectric metamaterial plate vibration reduction method specifically comprises the following steps:
for the piezoelectric metamaterial structure integrated with vibration reduction and energy harvesting, when the thin plate (1) vibrates, the piezoelectric vibrators on the thin plate (1) can share a part of mechanical energy in a vibration mode before elastic waves come, so that the response peak value of the thin plate (1) during vibration is not too large, the piezoelectric vibrators release the mechanical energy through continuous vibration to generate a second vibration response peak value, but the two peak values are lower than the peak value of a common thin plate structure on the whole, and therefore vibration of the thin plate is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that 1, the structure has a plurality of orders of resonance frequency in a low-frequency range, the working frequency band is widened, and the energy conversion efficiency is improved. 2. When the arrangement form of the piezoelectric vibrator, the cylindrical base and the thin plate is adopted, the wide band gap range of the low frequency band can be ensured. 3. The novel structure of the invention ingeniously combines the bending of the cantilever plate and the movement of the annular mass frame, and the vibration mode of the system is the synthesis of the bending vibration of the cantilever plate and the rigid body vibration of the mass frame, so that three lower and close natural frequencies can be obtained finally, and the output voltage is improved. 4. The piezoelectric vibrator can temporarily store partial energy in the elastic wave front, so that the rod piece is prevented from being impacted by overload, vibration is inhibited, and the impact resistance effect is achieved. 5. On the basis of mastering the motion rule, people can control the shape of the wave front on the time dimension, the distribution of energy in a time coordinate is adjusted, and the application of the pointing is not limited to inhibiting vibration. 6. The structure has simple shape and low manufacturing cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional perspective view of the vibration-damping energy-harvesting integrated piezoelectric metamaterial plate
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the connection between the piezoelectric vibrator and the cylindrical support according to the present invention
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a piezoelectric vibrator according to the present invention
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to the attached figure 1, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the invention discloses a vibration-damping energy-harvesting integrated piezoelectric metamaterial plate which comprises a thin plate (1), a piezoelectric sheet (2), a cantilever plate (3), a cylindrical base (4), a Z-shaped connecting frame (5) and an annular mass frame (6). The thin plate (1) is a square thin plate, one section of the thin plate is fixed with the outside to form a fixed end, and the other three ends of the thin plate are free ends.
The energy harvesting device comprises 36 piezoelectric vibrators, wherein the 36 piezoelectric vibrators are uniformly arranged at the upper end of a thin plate (1) through a cylindrical base (4) at the same interval, and each piezoelectric vibrator comprises two cantilever plates (3) with the same size and antisymmetric size, a Z-shaped connecting frame (5) and a pair of rectangular piezoelectric sheets (2) with the same size. One end of the cantilever plate (3) is fixedly connected with the annular mass frame (6), and the rest part keeps a certain distance from the annular mass frame.
As shown in figure 3, two ends of the Z-shaped connecting frame (5) are fixedly connected with the cantilever plate through mounting holes and six locking nuts, and the center of the Z-shaped connecting frame (5) is welded with the cylindrical base (4). The upper side of the Z-shaped connecting frame (5) is aligned with the upper side of the annular mass frame (6) and used as a component for absorbing elastic waves, so that the vibration generated by the thin plate is transmitted into the Z-shaped connecting frame (5) through the cylindrical base (4) and then transmitted to the energy harvesting device.
The cylindrical base (4) and the additional annular mass frame (6) are rigid bodies.
The piezoelectric sheet (2) is used as a main element of the piezoelectric energy harvester, and the fixed end of the cantilever plate (3) has the characteristics of large deflection and large corner when vibrating, so that the piezoelectric sheet is laid at one end close to the fixed end of the Z-shaped connecting frame (5), the length of the piezoelectric sheet is half of that of the substrate, the material of the piezoelectric sheet is not limited, and the piezoelectric sheet can be other piezoelectric materials such as polyvinylidene fluoride Polymer (PVDF), lead zirconate titanate (PZT), macroscopic fiber composite Materials (MFC) and the like. The surface of the piezoelectric sheet (2) is coated with an insulating layer and is not directly connected with the cantilever plate (3), and the piezoelectric sheet (2) and the cantilever plate (3) are fixedly connected and paved in a rectangular area of the cantilever plate by glue.
The upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric sheet are plated with copper electrodes, the piezoelectric sheet is attached to the upper part through conductive adhesive, and the electrodes are led out for collecting charges generated by the piezoelectric sheet. The electric energy generated by the piezoelectric plate can continuously provide energy for external loads through the external circuit.
In summary, the vibration-damping and energy-harvesting integrated piezoelectric metamaterial plate provided by the invention is to use a piezoelectric metamaterial thin plate structure as an object for broadband low-frequency environment vibration and utilize basic theories of elastic wave propagation, piezoelectric energy harvesting and the like in the thin plate to establish the vibration-damping and energy-harvesting integrated piezoelectric metamaterial thin plate, and the piezoelectric vibrators composed of annular mass frames, cantilever plates, Z-shaped supports and piezoelectric sheets are uniformly laid on the thin plate, so that when the thin plate vibrates, the piezoelectric vibrators can inhibit the vibration of the plate. Meanwhile, the piezoelectric vibrator can reach resonance frequency, and the energy harvesting effect is realized, so that the effect of integrating vibration reduction and energy harvesting is achieved.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a damping energy harvesting integration piezoelectric metamaterial board which characterized in that: the piezoelectric ceramic plate comprises a thin plate (1), a piezoelectric sheet (2), a cantilever plate (3), a cylindrical base (4), a Z-shaped connecting frame (5) and an annular quality frame (6); the thin plate (1) is a square thin plate, one section of the thin plate is fixed with the outside to form a fixed end, and the other three ends of the thin plate are free ends; the energy harvesting device comprises 36 piezoelectric vibrators, wherein the 36 piezoelectric vibrators are uniformly arranged at the upper end of a thin plate (1) at the same interval through a cylindrical base (4), each piezoelectric vibrator comprises two cantilever plates (3) with the same size and antisymmetric shape, a Z-shaped connecting frame (5) and a pair of rectangular piezoelectric sheets (2) with the same size; one end of the cantilever plate (3) is fixedly connected with the annular mass frame (6), and the rest part keeps a certain distance from the annular mass frame.
2. The vibration-damping energy-harvesting integrated piezoelectric metamaterial plate according to claim 1, wherein: two ends of the Z-shaped connecting frame (5) are fixedly connected with the cantilever plate through mounting holes and six locking nuts, and the central position of the Z-shaped connecting frame (5) is welded with the cylindrical base (4); the upper side of the Z-shaped connecting frame (5) is aligned with the upper side of the annular mass frame and used as a component for absorbing elastic waves, so that the vibration generated by the thin plate is transmitted into the Z-shaped connecting frame (5) through the cylindrical base (4) and then transmitted to the energy harvesting device.
3. The vibration-damping energy-harvesting integrated piezoelectric metamaterial plate according to claim 1, wherein: the cantilever plate (3) and the additional annular mass frame (6) are rigid bodies and can be made of steel alloy, the cylindrical base (4) is made of aluminum alloy, and the thin plate (1) is made of aluminum.
4. The vibration-damping energy-harvesting integrated piezoelectric metamaterial plate according to claim 1, wherein: the piezoelectric sheet (2) is used as a main element of the piezoelectric energy harvester, the fixed end of the cantilever plate (3) has large deflection and large rotation angle during vibration, and the piezoelectric sheet is laid at the end close to the fixed end of the Z-shaped connecting frame (5), and the length of the piezoelectric sheet is half of that of the substrate.
5. The vibration-damping energy-harvesting integrated piezoelectric metamaterial plate according to claim 1, wherein: the piezoelectric sheet is not limited to be made of other piezoelectric materials such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), lead zirconate titanate (PZT), and macro fiber composite Material (MFC); the surface of the piezoelectric sheet (2) is coated with an insulating layer and is not directly connected with the cantilever plate (3), and the piezoelectric sheet (2) and the cantilever plate (3) are fixedly connected and paved in a rectangular area of the cantilever plate by glue.
6. The vibration-damping energy-harvesting integrated piezoelectric metamaterial plate according to claim 1, wherein: the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric sheet are plated with copper electrodes, the piezoelectric sheet is attached to the upper part through conductive adhesive, and the electrodes are led out and used for collecting charges generated by the piezoelectric sheet.
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| CN202110999667.7A CN113922702A (en) | 2021-08-29 | 2021-08-29 | Vibration-damping energy-harvesting integrated piezoelectric metamaterial plate |
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| CN202110999667.7A CN113922702A (en) | 2021-08-29 | 2021-08-29 | Vibration-damping energy-harvesting integrated piezoelectric metamaterial plate |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040007942A1 (en) * | 2002-05-13 | 2004-01-15 | Toshikazu Nishida | Resonant energy MEMS array and system including dynamically modifiable power processor |
| US20130049539A1 (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2013-02-28 | Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute | Apparatus for harvesting and storing piezoelectric energy and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN109617452A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-04-12 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of combined type piezoelectric harvester device of subsidiary quality frame |
| CN209472569U (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-10-08 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of combined type piezoelectric harvester device of subsidiary quality frame |
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2021
- 2021-08-29 CN CN202110999667.7A patent/CN113922702A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040007942A1 (en) * | 2002-05-13 | 2004-01-15 | Toshikazu Nishida | Resonant energy MEMS array and system including dynamically modifiable power processor |
| US20130049539A1 (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2013-02-28 | Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute | Apparatus for harvesting and storing piezoelectric energy and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN109617452A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-04-12 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of combined type piezoelectric harvester device of subsidiary quality frame |
| CN209472569U (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-10-08 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of combined type piezoelectric harvester device of subsidiary quality frame |
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