CN113917477A - Method for constructing optical path - Google Patents
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- CN113917477A CN113917477A CN202111170758.6A CN202111170758A CN113917477A CN 113917477 A CN113917477 A CN 113917477A CN 202111170758 A CN202111170758 A CN 202111170758A CN 113917477 A CN113917477 A CN 113917477A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/66—Tracking systems using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/497—Means for monitoring or calibrating
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of measurement and positioning, and particularly relates to a method for constructing a light path. The optical path building operation is simple, and the simulation optical path of any linear target beam line can be built quickly and accurately. In addition, in the application process, the optical path can be rechecked only by placing the target on the target holder again, the rechecking operation of the optical path is simple and convenient, and the installation precision of the optical component based on the assembly of the analog optical path can be greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of measurement and positioning, and particularly relates to a method for constructing a light path.
Background
The laser tracker has the characteristics of high measurement precision, large working range, simplicity in operation, portability and the like, and is widely applied to global calibration of a multi-sensor three-dimensional vision measurement system. The laser that the laser tracker trace head sent is received and is reflected back the tracking head through the target ball, can accurately record the position relation of target ball position and tracking head through data processing. When a laser tracker is used for calibration or measurement, a three-dimensional space coordinate system is usually established, then a target ball is placed in an experimental field, and the three-dimensional coordinates of the mirror surface center of the target ball under the three-dimensional space coordinate system are read, so that the accurate coordinates of the center of the target ball are obtained, and the correct target point position is calibrated.
Chinese patent CN211515569U discloses a mobile dotting device, and the specification discloses that a laser tracker is used to trace a three-dimensional space coordinate system of a central reference point component of a device through a target ball, so as to simulate and draw a virtual device center line, wherein the center line is virtual by software and cannot be recognized by a field worker with naked eyes. Therefore, the method fixes the target ball at the upper end of the movable dotting tool, adjusts the laser tracker and the target ball to enable the target ball to be located on the center line after translation, and because the center of the target ball is concentric with the inner hole of the movable dotting tool and the dotting cone is concentric with the inner hole of the movable dotting tool, a detector can drill a point on the ground by using the dotting cone after the target ball is removed, and the point is a mark point of the center line of the translation equipment which can be identified by naked eyes. The method can realize accurate positioning dotting in a geodetic horizontal coordinate system, however, when a beam line system of the instrument deflects from the geodetic horizontal coordinate system and no reference point which is consistent with the beam line system can be used for constructing the coordinate system which is consistent with the beam line system, the laser tracker for constructing the geodetic horizontal coordinate system is difficult to position each part, and particularly under the condition that the positioning and installation space of the instrument is small, the calibration precision is difficult to be ensured by calculation, so that the installation and debugging precision of the instrument is directly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for building an optical path, which can quickly and accurately obtain the optical path of a target beam line and is used for determining the installation and collimation of a related optical element.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for building a light path comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: building a laser tracker, testing known coordinate points, and building a coordinate system;
step two: two target seats are arranged at intervals in the extending direction of the light path, and the target seats are arranged on the adjusting mechanism;
step three: placing the target ball on the target seat to obtain the space coordinate of the target ball, comparing the measured space coordinate of the target ball with the theoretical coordinate of the light path, adjusting the position and the posture of the corresponding adjusting mechanism to make the measured space coordinate of the target ball consistent with the calculated theoretical coordinate, and maintaining the posture of the adjusting mechanism;
step four: replacing the target ball with a target, wherein when the target and the target ball are arranged on the same target seat, the ball centers of the target and the target ball are superposed; and then, installing a light source, and adjusting the installation base body of the light source to enable emergent light rays of the light source to respectively pass through the spherical centers of the targets arranged on the two target bases, wherein the emergent light of the light source is a target light path.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects: the building operation is simple, and the simulation light path of any linear target beam line can be built quickly and accurately. In addition, in the application process, the optical path can be rechecked only by placing the target on the target holder again, the rechecking operation of the optical path is simple and convenient, and the installation precision of the optical component based on the assembly of the analog optical path can be greatly improved.
Drawings
The contents of the description and the references in the drawings are briefly described as follows:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a backing plate;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a target ball.
In the figure: 1. target holder, 2 target ball, 3 target, 4 laser tracker, 5 theodolite.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A method for building a light path comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: and (4) building a laser tracker 4, testing known coordinate points and building a coordinate system.
Step two: two target holders 1 are arranged at intervals in the extending direction of the light path, and the target holders 1 are arranged on the adjusting mechanism.
Step three: placing the target ball 2 on the target seat 1 to obtain the space coordinate of the target ball 2, comparing the measured space coordinate of the target ball 2 with the theoretical coordinate of the light path, adjusting the position and the posture of the corresponding adjusting mechanism, enabling the measured coordinate of the target ball 2 to be consistent with the theoretical coordinate obtained by the meter, and maintaining the posture of the adjusting mechanism.
Step four: the target ball 2 is replaced by the target 3, and when the target 3 and the target ball 2 are installed on the same target seat 1, the ball centers of the target ball and the target ball are overlapped. And then, installing a light source, and adjusting the installation base body of the light source to enable emergent light rays of the light source to respectively pass through the spherical centers of the targets 3 arranged on the two target bases 1, wherein the emergent light of the light source is a target light path.
The target light path is a light path of a target beam line, and the simulated light path is a light path of light emitted by the light source. In this embodiment, the target beam line is a radiation, has strong radiation, and cannot be directly used for instructing the installation and assembly of the relevant optical components, so that an analog optical path that is consistent with the target optical path is constructed by using other light sources.
The target holder can adopt the base disclosed in CN101655343B, and the target can also adopt the target disclosed in Chinese patent CN 101655343B. The whole target 3 is a hemisphere or a segment obtained by processing a steel ball, the steel ball has an end face passing through the center of the sphere due to processing, and an annular target is adhered to the end face. The center of the circle on which the paper sheet is stuck on the target 3 is regarded as the center of sphere, so that the center of sphere of the target 3 can be recognized by naked eyes. Other target balls 3 that match the outer contour of the target ball 2 of the laser tracker 4 and that visually identify the center of the target ball 3 may also be used.
The target holder 1 used in this embodiment is shown in fig. 2 and 3, and the target ball 2 is shown in fig. 4. The middle part of the target holder 1 is provided with an inward sunken conical or spherical concave surface with a small middle part and a large outer side, and when target balls 2 and targets 3 with the same outer diameter are placed on the same target holder 1, the centers of the target balls 2 and the targets 3 are overlapped.
After the laser tracker 4 constructs a coordinate system according to the known coordinate points, the spatial coordinates of at least two points on the target light path, i.e. the theoretical coordinates in step three, can be obtained by conversion according to the coordinate system. In this embodiment, after the laser tracker 4 constructs the coordinate system and before comparing the measured spatial coordinates of the target sphere 2 with the theoretical coordinates of the optical path, the method further includes the following steps: and calculating an expression of the linear target optical path in the coordinate system. Then, in the third step, a specific method for comparing the measured space coordinates of the target ball 2 with the theoretical coordinates of the optical path is as follows: and (3) judging whether the measured space coordinates of the target ball 2 are points on the expression obtained in the step one, if so, judging that the measured coordinates of the target ball 2 are consistent with the theoretical coordinates, if not, judging that the measured coordinates of the target ball 2 are inconsistent with the theoretical coordinates, and readjusting the position and the posture of the corresponding adjusting mechanism.
In the third step, the same target ball 2 is successively placed on the two target seats 1 to be matched with the laser tracker 4 so as to adjust the posture of the adjusting mechanism.
In order to further improve the consistency between the constructed simulated light path and the target light path and avoid the influence of the production error of the target 3 on the light path construction precision, in the fourth step, the same target 3 is successively placed on the two target seats 1 to adjust the light source emergent light posture.
In this embodiment, in order to facilitate adjustment of the height and the yaw attitude of the target holder 1, the adjusting mechanism in the second and third steps is a tripod.
Because theodolite 5 can focus and collimation precision is higher step four in, the light source that this embodiment adopted is theodolite 5, the emergent light is theodolite 5's instruction laser, makes it instruct laser and 3 centre of sphere coincidence in target through the adjustment mechanism who adjusts theodolite 5, can further guarantee the uniformity of the light path of establishing with the target light path like this.
Claims (6)
1. A method for building a light path comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: building a laser tracker (4), testing known coordinate points, and building a coordinate system;
step two: two target seats (1) are arranged at intervals in the extending direction of the light path, and the target seats (1) are arranged on the adjusting mechanism;
step three: placing the target ball (2) on the target seat (1) to obtain the space coordinate of the target ball (2), comparing the measured space coordinate of the target ball (2) with the theoretical coordinate of the light path, adjusting the position and the posture of the corresponding adjusting mechanism to make the measured coordinate of the target ball (2) consistent with the theoretical coordinate, and maintaining the posture of the adjusting mechanism;
step four: replacing the target ball (2) with a target (3), wherein when the target (3) and the target ball (2) are arranged on the same target seat (1), the ball centers of the target ball and the target ball are superposed;
and (3) installing a light source, and adjusting the installation base body of the light source to enable emergent light rays of the light source to respectively pass through the spherical centers of the targets (3) arranged on the two target bases (1), wherein the emergent light of the light source is a target light path.
2. The method for building a light path according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the third step, the same target ball (2) is sequentially placed on the two target seats (1) to be matched with the laser tracker (4) so as to adjust the posture of the adjusting mechanism.
3. The method for building a light path according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the fourth step, the same target (3) is sequentially placed on the two target seats (1) to adjust the posture of emergent light of the light source.
4. The method for building a light path according to claim 1, characterized in that: after the laser tracker (4) constructs a coordinate system, and before comparing the measured space coordinates of the target ball (2) with the theoretical coordinates of the optical path, the method also comprises the following steps: calculating an expression of the linear target light path in the coordinate system;
in the third step, the specific method for the measured space coordinates and the theoretical coordinates of the optical path of the target ball (2) is as follows: and (3) judging whether the measured space coordinates of the target ball (2) are points on the expression obtained in the step one, if so, judging that the measured coordinates of the target ball (2) are consistent with the theoretical coordinates, if not, judging that the measured coordinates of the target ball (2) are inconsistent with the theoretical coordinates, and readjusting the position and the posture of the corresponding adjusting mechanism.
5. The method for building a light path according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the adjusting mechanism in the second step and the third step is a tripod.
6. The method for building a light path according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the fourth step, the light source is theodolite (5), the emergent light is the indicating laser of theodolite (5), and the indicating laser is coincided with the sphere center of target (3) by adjusting the adjusting mechanism of theodolite (5).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111170758.6A CN113917477A (en) | 2021-10-08 | 2021-10-08 | Method for constructing optical path |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111170758.6A CN113917477A (en) | 2021-10-08 | 2021-10-08 | Method for constructing optical path |
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| CN112762822A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-05-07 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Mechanical arm calibration method and system based on laser tracker |
| CN112857265A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-05-28 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Method for constructing center line of hidden point rolling mill by laser tracker |
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2021
- 2021-10-08 CN CN202111170758.6A patent/CN113917477A/en active Pending
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| JPH10141946A (en) * | 1996-11-07 | 1998-05-29 | Nec Eng Ltd | Theodolite facing mirror and method for measuring directed angle |
| CN101655343A (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2010-02-24 | 北京航天计量测试技术研究所 | Target, base and reference meter for calibrating spatial coordinate measuring system of electronic theodolite |
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