CN113916067A - Enhanced glass shot and production method and application thereof - Google Patents
Enhanced glass shot and production method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113916067A CN113916067A CN202111222303.4A CN202111222303A CN113916067A CN 113916067 A CN113916067 A CN 113916067A CN 202111222303 A CN202111222303 A CN 202111222303A CN 113916067 A CN113916067 A CN 113916067A
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Li2O Inorganic materials [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XUCJHNOBJLKZNU-UHFFFAOYSA-M dilithium;hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[OH-] XUCJHNOBJLKZNU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Inorganic materials O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004031 devitrification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- YEAUATLBSVJFOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraantimony hexaoxide Chemical compound O1[Sb](O2)O[Sb]3O[Sb]1O[Sb]2O3 YEAUATLBSVJFOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006058 strengthened glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005336 safety glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003426 chemical strengthening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005346 heat strengthened glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B33/00—Manufacture of ammunition; Dismantling of ammunition; Apparatus therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B11/00—Pressing molten glass or performed glass reheated to equivalent low viscosity without blowing
- C03B11/06—Construction of plunger or mould
- C03B11/08—Construction of plunger or mould for making solid articles, e.g. lenses
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C10/00—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition
- C03C10/0009—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition containing silica as main constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C10/00—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition
- C03C10/0018—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition containing SiO2, Al2O3 and monovalent metal oxide as main constituents
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an enhanced glass pellet and a production method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of emergency rescue; according to the production method of the enhanced glass shot, the prepared enhanced glass shot can puncture the laminated glass; the injury of the metal shot scattering to the field personnel can be avoided; aiming at the problem that glass, especially toughened glass, semi-toughened glass and laminated glass windows and curtain walls are difficult to break and break quickly under emergency rescue conditions, the enhanced glass shot is ejected at high speed by taking high-pressure air or high-pressure water or an ejector as power to impact and puncture the glass windows, the glass curtain walls and the like so as to break and break quickly and conveniently and quickly unfold and rescue.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of emergency rescue, and particularly relates to a production method and an application method of enhanced glass shot.
Background
Along with the development of cities, glass, particularly tempered glass, semi-tempered glass (heat-strengthened glass) and laminated glass are increasingly applied to vehicles such as high-rise buildings or automobiles, but in emergency rescue, because the glass strength is high, particularly the impact strength of safety glass such as tempered glass is 3-5 times that of common glass, the bending strength is 3-5 times that of common glass, the glass structures are difficult to break and fold quickly, the timely expansion of rescue actions is seriously influenced, and the difficulty of on-site rescue is increased.
At present, the main method for breaking and breaking the glass window and the glass curtain wall in emergency is to launch by a specific catapult or throw a sharp object by manpower, and if metal pellets are thrown, the damage to field personnel is easily caused; if thrown from common inorganic materials, such as stones, glasses, ceramics, even in sharp form, they generally have a density of < 2.45g/cm3(ii) a The breaking speed and effect are seriously influenced; particularly, no effective method for quickly breaking the laminated safety glass exists.
Research shows that the glass shot can break and break glass structures such as glass windows and glass curtain walls, and the penetration force of the glass shot mainly depends on the strength, the quality, the section density, the speed when the glass shot hits an object and the concentration of a hit area; the higher the strength and the mass of the shot are, the higher the density is, the higher the energy is at the same speed, the higher the penetration force is, and the higher the storage speed after flying is; the higher the geometrical symmetry of the projectile, the lower the ejection resistance and the better the flight speed.
Disclosure of Invention
Object of the Invention
Provides an enhanced glass pellet for rapidly breaking and folding glass, in particular to toughened glass, semi-toughened glass (thermal enhanced glass) and laminated glass and a production method thereof.
Technical scheme
An enhanced glass shot, characterized in that: the glass shot is a microcrystalline glass shot and comprises one or more of Mg2+, Zn2+, Ti4+, V5+, Mn2+, F-, S2-P5+, so that the glass is easy to phase separate or crystallize; by selecting a glass system and controlling the oxide components of the glass system, the density of the enhanced glass shot is more than or equal to 2.45g/cm3, the Mohs hardness is more than 5, and the compressive strength is more than 90MPa from the chemical composition, so that the penetration force of the glass shot is improved.
The glass pill comprises one or more of silicate glass, aluminosilicate, borosilicate and microcrystalline glass in oxide composition range, and the main oxide composition range (mass percent) is as follows:
SiO2＝7.50％-81％；B2O3＝0％-14.5％；Na2O+K2O+Li2O＝5.0％-15％；Al2O3＝0.5％-20.0％；CaO+MgO＝8％-25.0％；TiO2＝0-36％；MnO+BaO＝0-50％；＝0-15.0％；Cr2O3+Fe2O3＝0-14％；Sb2O3＝0-0.6％；ZrO2＝0-2.8％；P2O5＝0-1.0％；F＝0-3.5％；S＝0-1.5％。
a production method of an enhanced glass pellet comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials:
according to the formula of the raw materials converted from the composition of the oxides, weighing a plurality of raw materials and uniformly mixing;
(2) melting:
the prepared raw materials are put into a glass melting furnace and melted into uniform glass liquid without visible bubbles, infusible substances and separation phases or devitrification at the temperature of 1350-;
(3) forming:
leading out the melted glass liquid from the material supply channel to form a continuous stream, flowing the continuous stream into a mould, wherein the mould is provided with single-row or multi-row polyhedral or hemispherical concave pits, and the depth of each pit is 3-30 mm; extruding the glass liquid flow to cling to the concave pit wall of the mold, and pressing to form continuous blank sheets with single-side bulges or double-side bulges; the glass liquid is changed into a plastic state from a viscous liquid state, then is changed into a blank sheet with a fixed shape, and is sent into an aggregate box through a mesh belt conveyor to be stacked and cooled slowly;
(4) trimming the blank sheet:
feeding the cooled blank sheets into an edge grinding machine for crushing, crushing the blank sheets into single blank particles and edge slag under the action of mechanical force by utilizing the characteristic that the strength of the blank particles is greater than the gaps of the blank particles, and separating the blank particles from the edge slag through a screening machine;
(5) trimming:
sending the blank particles or the mixture of the blank particles and a certain amount of grinding agent into a rotating metal cylinder for repeatedly rotating and rolling to remove residual side slag on the blank particles and trim the edges of the blank particles;
(6) fine grinding:
grinding the trimmed blank particles by using a grinding machine to make edges and corners sharper to obtain an enhanced glass shot;
(7) microcrystallization or tempering
In order to further improve the mechanical property of the glass shot, the glass shot is subjected to microcrystallization or toughening treatment to obtain a microcrystallized enhanced or toughened enhanced glass shot.
In step (5), the abrasive is a common inorganic abrasive, such as carborundum, black corundum abrasive, brown corundum abrasive, etc.
In the step (7), the microcrystallization specifically comprises the steps of nucleating the glass projectile at 650-900 ℃ for 1-2 hours, crystallizing at 750-1000 ℃ for 1-2 hours, separating out a microcrystalline phase, and slowly cooling to room temperature to obtain the microcrystallized reinforced glass projectile.
In the step (7), the toughening treatment comprises chemical toughening and physical toughening, wherein the chemical toughening is to soak the glass shot in potassium nitrate molten salt for 5-20 hours, then slowly cool the glass shot to room temperature, and wash the glass shot with water to remove residual potassium nitrate on the surface, so as to obtain the chemically toughened and reinforced glass shot.
The physical tempering is to keep the glass shot at the temperature of 750 ℃ close to the softening point for 6-9 minutes, immediately blow compressed cold air for 2-7 minutes at multiple angles, and rapidly cool the glass shot to obtain the physical tempered reinforced glass shot.
The glass shot is applied to emergency rescue, and the sharp degree of the edges of the glass shot is further improved by designing and forming the polyhedral glass shot with the edges through a die and finely grinding polyhedral blank particles.
High-pressure water or high-pressure air with working pressure not less than 3-9 kg/square centimeter is sprayed on an emergency rescue site, or a catapult sprays glass projectiles to obtain impact penetration force which is larger, more continuous and repeated and lasting than that of the catapult, and scratches, scratches and microcracks are formed on a glass window and a glass curtain wall; the micro-crack is further expanded under continuous and repeated lasting impact penetration force until the glass window and the glass curtain wall are broken.
The high velocity discharge of enhanced glass shot is formed into a more concentrated hit zone by a straight barrel nozzle or a venturi nozzle.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the enhanced glass shot prepared by the production method of the enhanced glass shot can quickly puncture glass, toughened glass, semi-toughened glass and even laminated glass; the injury of the metal shot scattering to the field personnel can be avoided; aiming at the problem that glass, especially toughened glass, semi-toughened glass and laminated glass windows and curtain walls are difficult to break and break quickly under emergency rescue conditions, the enhanced glass shot is ejected at high speed by taking high-pressure air or high-pressure water or an ejector as power to impact and puncture the glass windows, the glass curtain walls and the like so as to break and break quickly and conveniently and quickly unfold and rescue.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a shape of a reinforced glass pellet;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a row of blanks;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the 5mm thick glass breakdown of the glass pellet of example 1;
FIG. 4 is a drawing showing the glass shot of example 2 puncturing a 6mm thick thermally strengthened glass;
FIG. 5 is a drawing showing the glass shot of example 3 puncturing a 6mm thick tempered glass;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the shot puncture (6t +1PVB +6t) mm laminated glass of example 4.
FIG. 7 is a graph of the breakdown of a 8mm thick thermally strengthened glass with the glass pellet of example 7.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
Example 1
The main chemical composition of the glass pill is as follows:
SiO2＝61％；Na2O＝13.4％；K2O＝3.32％；Al2O317 percent; CaO is 0.4%; MgO was 3.4%. The density of the glass is 2.455g/cm3Mohs hardness of 5.8, tensile strength of 6.9MPa, compression strength of 104.5MPa, and elastic modulus of 11.02.
Using compressed air at an operating pressure of 5.3 kg/cm as a jet power, glass pellets having a size of about 5mm were jetted using a straight barrel-shaped nozzle to puncture 5mm thick glass (see FIG. 3).
Example 2
The main chemical composition of the glass pill is as follows:
SiO2＝72.241％；Na2O＝14.316％；Al2O30.692%; CaO 8.658%; and 3.923% of MgO. The density of the material is 2.482g/cm3, the Mohs hardness is 6.31, the tensile strength is 8.61MPa, the compressive strength is 103.3MPa, and the elastic modulus is 7.20.
High pressure water at an operating pressure of 8.8 kg/cm was used as a jetting power to jet glass pellets having a size of about 10mm using a straight barrel-shaped nozzle, thereby puncturing a 6 mm-thick thermally strengthened glass (see, for example, FIG. 4).
Example 3
The main chemical composition of the glass pill is as follows:
SiO2＝81％；B2O3＝11.344％，Na2O＝4.494％；Al2O3＝2.869％；K2o is 0.040%; MgO is 0.044%. Density 2.30g/cm3Mohs hardness of 8.54, tensile strength of 8.28MPa, compressive strength of 115.34MPa, and elastic modulus of 6.878.
High-pressure water with the working pressure of 5 kilograms per square centimeter is used as the jet power, and a Venturi nozzle is used for jetting glass shot with the size of about 15mm to puncture toughened glass with the thickness of 6mm (see figure 5).
Example 4
A glass pellet comprises the following main chemical components
SiO2＝56.321％；Na2O＝4.567％；K2O＝3.435％；Al2O3＝11.068％；CaO＝9.404％；TiO2＝0.063％；MnO＝0.046％；ZnO＝0.007％；MgO＝8.632％；BaO＝0.814％；Fe2O3＝1.011％；ZrO2＝0.333％；P2O52.393; density 2.463g/cm3Mohs hardness of 4.38, tensile strength of 8.01MPa, compression strength of 98.49MPa, and elastic modulus of 7.29; after microcrystallization treatment, the density of the product is 2.488g/cm3Tensile strength 80 MPa; compressive strength of 300MPa and impact toughness of 1.8-2.2KJ/m2。
High-pressure water with the working pressure of 5 kilograms per square centimeter is used as the spraying power, and a straight cylindrical nozzle is used for spraying glass pellets with the size of about 15mm to puncture (6t +1PVB +6t) mm laminated glass (see figure 6).
Example 5
A glass pellet comprises the following main chemical components
SiO2＝7.211％；Na2O＝0.326％；Al2O3＝3.514％；CaO＝0.25.0％；TiO2＝35.445％；ZnO＝0.070％；BaO＝48.07％；ZrO20.116%; others are 5.0%. Density 4.65g/cm3Mohs hardness of 5.38, 6.9, tensile strength of 8.00MPa, compression strength of 90.49MPa, and elastic modulus of 10.51.
High-pressure water with the working pressure of 5 kilograms per square centimeter is used as the spraying power, and glass bullets with the size of about 15mm are sprayed by a straight cylindrical nozzle to hit (6t +1PVB +6t) mm laminated glass. High-pressure water with the working pressure of 4 kilograms per square centimeter is used as the spraying power, and glass bullets with the size of about 15mm are sprayed by a straight cylindrical nozzle to hit (8t +1PVB +8t) mm laminated glass.
Example 6
The main chemical composition of the glass pill is as follows:
SiO2＝72.5％；B2O3＝14.6％；Na2O＝5.210％；Li2O＝3.000％；Al2O3＝6.000％；CaO＝8.00％；TiO2＝2.000％；MgO＝1.000％；BaO＝5.95％；ZrO20.5%. Warp beamThe density of the product after the chemical strengthening treatment is 2.5733g/cm3Mohs hardness 6.68, tensile strength 18.653MPa, compressive strength 302.9MPa, and elastic modulus 12.95.
High-pressure water with the working pressure of 6.8 kilograms per square centimeter is used as the jetting power, and glass shot with the size of about 10mm is jetted by a straight barrel-shaped nozzle to puncture the thermally enhanced glass with the thickness of 8 mm.
Example 7
The main chemical composition of the glass pill is as follows:
SiO2＝53.44％；B2O3＝14.60％；Na2O＝5.21％；K2O＝5.0％；Li2O＝2.6％；Al2O3＝4.40％；CaO＝8.000％；MgO＝5.200％；BaO＝5.950％；Sb2O30.6%. After physical tempering, the density is 2.5733g/cm3Mohs hardness of 5.50, tensile strength of 18.032MPa, compression strength of 197.17MPa, and elastic modulus of 9.34. High-pressure water with the working pressure of 6.8 kilograms per square centimeter is used as the jetting power, and glass shot with the size of about 10mm is jetted by a straight cylindrical nozzle to puncture the thermally enhanced glass with the thickness of 8 mm.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. An enhanced glass shot, characterized in that: the glass shot is a microcrystalline glass shot and comprises one or more of Mg2+, Zn2+, Ti4+, V5+, Mn2+, F-, S2-P5+, so that the glass is easy to phase separate or crystallize; by selecting a glass system and controlling the oxide components of the glass system, the density of the enhanced glass shot is more than or equal to 2.45g/cm3, the Mohs hardness is more than 5, and the compressive strength is more than 90MPa from the chemical composition, so that the penetration force of the glass shot is improved.
2. The reinforced glass pellet of claim 1, wherein: the glass pill comprises one or more of silicate glass, aluminosilicate, borosilicate and microcrystalline glass in oxide composition range, and the main oxide composition range (mass percent) is as follows:
SiO2＝7.50％-81％；B2O3＝0％-14.5％；Na2O+K2O+Li2O＝5.0％-15％；Al2O3＝0.5％-20.0％；
CaO+MgO＝8％-25.0％；TiO2＝0-36％；MnO+BaO＝0-50％；＝0-15.0％；Cr2O3+Fe2O3＝0-14％；
Sb2O3＝0-0.6％；ZrO2＝0-2.8％；P2O5＝0-1.0％；F＝0-3.5％；S＝0-1.5％。
3. the method of producing an enhanced glass pellet as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials:
according to the formula of the raw materials converted from the composition of the oxides, weighing a plurality of raw materials and uniformly mixing;
(2) melting:
the prepared raw materials are put into a glass melting furnace and melted into uniform glass liquid without visible bubbles, infusible substances and separation phases or devitrification at the temperature of 1350-;
(3) forming:
leading out the melted glass liquid from the material supply channel to form a continuous stream, flowing the continuous stream into a mould, wherein the mould is provided with single-row or multi-row polyhedral or hemispherical concave pits, and the depth of each pit is 3-30 mm; extruding the glass liquid flow to cling to the concave pit wall of the mold, and pressing to form continuous blank sheets with single-side bulges or double-side bulges;
the glass liquid is changed into a plastic state from a viscous liquid state, then is changed into a blank sheet with a fixed shape, and is sent into an aggregate box through a mesh belt conveyor to be stacked and cooled slowly;
(4) trimming the blank sheet:
feeding the cooled blank sheets into an edge grinding machine for crushing, crushing the blank sheets into single blank particles and edge slag under the action of mechanical force by utilizing the characteristic that the strength of the blank particles is greater than the gaps of the blank particles, and separating the blank particles from the edge slag through a screening machine;
(5) trimming:
sending the blank particles or the mixture of the blank particles and a certain amount of grinding agent into a rotating metal cylinder for repeatedly rotating and rolling to remove residual side slag on the blank particles and trim the edges of the blank particles;
(6) fine grinding:
grinding the trimmed blank particles by using a grinding machine to make edges and corners sharper to obtain an enhanced glass shot;
(7) microcrystallization or tempering
In order to further improve the mechanical property of the glass shot, the glass shot is subjected to microcrystallization or toughening treatment to obtain a microcrystallized enhanced or toughened enhanced glass shot.
4. The method of producing an enhanced glass pellet as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in step (5), the abrasive is a common inorganic abrasive, such as carborundum, black corundum abrasive, brown corundum abrasive, etc.
5. The method of producing an enhanced glass pellet as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in the step (7), the microcrystallization specifically comprises the steps of nucleating the glass projectile at 650-900 ℃ for 1-2 hours, crystallizing at 750-1000 ℃ for 1-2 hours, separating out a microcrystalline phase, and slowly cooling to room temperature to obtain the microcrystallized reinforced glass projectile.
6. The method of producing an enhanced glass pellet as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in the step (7), the toughening treatment comprises chemical toughening and physical toughening, wherein the chemical toughening is to soak the glass shot in potassium nitrate molten salt for 5-20 hours, then slowly cool the glass shot to room temperature, and wash the glass shot with water to remove residual potassium nitrate on the surface, so as to obtain the chemically toughened and reinforced glass shot.
7. The method of producing an enhanced glass pellet as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the physical tempering is to keep the glass shot at the temperature of 750 ℃ close to the softening point for 6-9 minutes, immediately blow compressed cold air for 2-7 minutes at multiple angles, and rapidly cool the glass shot to obtain the physical tempered reinforced glass shot.
8. Use of the reinforced glass pellet of claim 1, wherein: the glass shot is applied to emergency rescue, and the sharp degree of the edges of the glass shot is further improved by designing and forming the polyhedral glass shot with the edges through a die and finely grinding polyhedral blank particles.
9. Use of the reinforced glass pellet of claim 8, wherein: high-pressure water or high-pressure air with working pressure not less than 3-9 kg/square centimeter is sprayed on an emergency rescue site, or a catapult sprays glass projectiles to obtain impact penetration force which is larger, more continuous and repeated and lasting than that of the catapult, and scratches, scratches and microcracks are formed on a glass window and a glass curtain wall; the micro-crack is further expanded under continuous and repeated lasting impact penetration force until the glass window and the glass curtain wall are broken.
10. Use of the reinforced glass pellet of claim 8, wherein: the high velocity discharge of enhanced glass shot is formed into a more concentrated hit zone by a straight barrel nozzle or a venturi nozzle.
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| CN115010347B (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2024-05-10 | 杭州乾智坤达新材料科技有限公司 | Production method of microcrystalline glass product |
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