CN113914769A - Drilling acceleration tool with shaft impulse driving torsion - Google Patents
Drilling acceleration tool with shaft impulse driving torsion Download PDFInfo
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- CN113914769A CN113914769A CN202111197283.XA CN202111197283A CN113914769A CN 113914769 A CN113914769 A CN 113914769A CN 202111197283 A CN202111197283 A CN 202111197283A CN 113914769 A CN113914769 A CN 113914769A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000002583 cell-derived microparticle Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 71
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003003 spiro group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/16—Plural down-hole drives, e.g. for combined percussion and rotary drilling; Drives for multi-bit drilling units
Abstract
A drilling acceleration tool with a shaft impulse driving torsion comprises an upper joint, a shaft impulse assembly, an outer body and a drill bit joint. The tool is driven by drilling fluid to generate huge axial impact energy, and simultaneously, a bit joint can synchronously generate circumferential torsion under the action of a roller assembly, and shaft impact drives the circumferential torsion to directly act on a drill bit, so that the formed strong impact load is easier to cut into a stratum, the rock is crushed in volume or cracks are formed, the rock crushing efficiency is increased, and huge economic benefits are generated on the aspects of improving the mechanical drilling speed and shortening the well building period. In addition, the tool is provided with a plurality of anti-falling mechanisms, so that underground safety can be effectively guaranteed. The speed-increasing tool is wide in application, long in service life, capable of reducing the well-building period of the drilling speed-increasing and capable of playing a great role in improving economic benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling corollary equipment in the petroleum drilling and production industry, in particular to a drilling acceleration tool with shaft impulse driving torsion.
Background
Along with the increase of the depth of the petroleum exploitation stratum, the exploitation stratum becomes more and more complex, the exploitation difficulty is increased, and the deep well, the ultra-deep well and the horizontal well are especially exploited. The problems that the viscosity of rock in a deep stratum is low, the damage of a drilling bit is increased by unit footage in the drilling process, the footage speed is slow, and the drilling cost is high are obvious, so that the drilling efficiency is improved, and the drilling cost is reduced, and the key problem to be solved urgently in the petroleum drilling and mining industry at home and abroad at present is solved.
At present, the drilling speed-up tool for improving the drilling speed mainly takes various impactors as main parts, takes the drilling fluid as a power source, can effectively improve the unit footage time of the PDC drill bit, greatly improves the drilling efficiency, shortens the well building period, effectively reduces the cost and improves the economic benefit. However, the hydraulic impactors developed by related units at home and abroad basically adopt the torsional circumferential impact, some of the hydraulic impactors directly impact the outer body in the torsional direction and then transmit impact torque to the drill bit, so that a large amount of torque is consumed on the outer body and the drill rod, and the torque transmitted to the drill bit is very limited, so that the speed-up effect is not obvious. And the torsional impact directly acts on the drill bit through the inner cylinder structure, but the impact power generated by all the torsional impact structure drilling speed-increasing tools is very limited, so that the torsional impact power is very difficult to increase and is impossible, and the structure still has the hidden danger of falling into the well.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art, and provides a speed-up tool which can optionally increase the axial impact force. The invention can generate axial impact while rotating and drilling under the driving of the drill rod, and can also enable the drill bit to generate a certain amount of circumferential torsion, so that the drill bit can synchronously cut into the stratum along the tracks of the axial direction and the torsion direction, and the drilling speed-up tool for solving the problems of over-small impact force and the like has important practical significance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a drilling acceleration tool with a shaft impulse driving torsion comprises an upper joint, an outer body, a shaft impulse assembly and a drill bit joint, wherein the upper part of the outer body is fixedly connected with the upper joint; the shaft punch assembly comprises a shaft punch inner cylinder, a shaft punch base, a shaft punch hammer and a hammer body driving component, the shaft punch assembly is positioned in an outer body, the inner wall of the lower part of the outer body protrudes inwards to form a first step, the shaft punch inner cylinder is positioned between the first step and an upper connector, a first axial gap for the axial movement of the shaft punch inner cylinder is reserved between the upper connector and the first step, the shaft punch base, the shaft punch hammer and the hammer body driving component are all arranged in the shaft punch inner cylinder, the hammer body driving component drives the shaft punch hammer to move up and down, the inner wall of the upper part of the shaft punch inner cylinder protrudes inwards to form a second step for the upward limit of the shaft punch hammer, the lower part of the shaft punch inner cylinder is fixedly connected with the shaft punch base for the downward limit of the shaft punch hammer, an impact cavity for the upward and downward movement of the shaft punch hammer is reserved between the shaft punch base and the second step, and the lower end surface of the shaft punch base is attached to the upper end surface of a drill bit connector to realize the downward impact transmission of the shaft punch hammer;
the bottom of the axial punch inner cylinder is fixedly connected with the drill bit joint through a key shaft assembly and synchronously rotates, and the upward impact of the axial punch hammer on the axial punch inner cylinder is transmitted to the drill bit joint;
the lower part of the outer body is provided with a roller assembly rotationally connected with the drill bit joint, the roller assembly comprises a roller, a roller shaft and a positioning sleeve, a plurality of roller spiral grooves are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the middle part of the drill bit joint along the circumferential direction, the roller is in sliding fit with the roller, the roller is connected with the roller shaft, the lower end of the outer body is provided with a positioning hole for positioning the roller shaft, the positioning hole is internally provided with the positioning sleeve, the inner diameter of the positioning sleeve is matched with the outer diameter of the roller shaft to form a positioning cavity for the rotation of the roller shaft, and when the drill bit joint is axially impacted and moves up and down, the roller and the roller spiral grooves are in sliding fit to generate slope pushing and pressing to drive the drill bit joint to circumferentially twist relative to the outer body;
the lower end face of the outer body is inwards concave to form a hook-shaped groove, a hook head assembly hooked in the hook-shaped groove is arranged on the drill bit joint, and a second gap for the hook head assembly to axially and circumferentially move in the hook-shaped groove is reserved in the hook-shaped groove, so that torque transmission between the lower end of the outer body and the drill bit joint is realized.
The key shaft assembly comprises an octagonal swivel nut and a transverse pin shaft, the upper portion of the octagonal swivel nut is fixed through the external threads and the internal thread of the axial punching inner barrel, an inner octagonal of the octagonal swivel nut and an outer octagonal key on the upper portion of the drill bit connector are inserted into the drill bit connector to be matched, the key connection position is provided with an axial positioning cavity which radially penetrates through the drill bit connector and the octagonal swivel nut, the axial positioning cavity is communicated with an inner hole of the drill bit connector, and the transverse pin shaft is arranged in the axial positioning cavity to achieve synchronous axial movement of the drill bit connector and the octagonal swivel nut.
The inner hole of the drill bit joint is further sleeved with a limiting threaded sleeve used for sealing the axial positioning cavity after the transverse pin shaft is installed, one end of the axial positioning cavity is sealed through the inner wall of the axial punching inner cylinder, and the other end of the axial positioning cavity is sealed through the limiting threaded sleeve.
The lower part of the octagonal thread insert protrudes outwards and is clamped between the lower end face of the axial punch inner cylinder and the first step, a ball ring is arranged between the lower end face of the octagonal thread insert and the first step, and a first lower axial gap is reserved between the lower end face of the octagonal thread insert and the first step.
The inner wall of the upper part of the outer body is concave inwards to form a third step, the upper joint is fixed with the upper part of the outer body in a threaded mode, the lower end face of the upper joint is located above the third step, and a first upper axial gap is reserved between the lower end face of the upper joint and the upper end face of the axial punch inner cylinder.
The hook head assembly comprises a first hook block and a stop block, the surface of the drill bit joint, which is attached to the lower end face of the lower body, is a first plane, the first plane protrudes upwards to form the first hook block, one side of the first hook block is matched with the hook part of the hook-shaped groove, the other side of the first hook block is attached to the stop block, the second gap comprises a second axial gap and a circumferential gap, the distance between the upper hook surface and the lower hook surface of the hook-shaped groove is larger than the distance between the upper hook surface and the lower hook surface of the first hook block to form the second axial gap, the first plane is attached to the first hook block in a tightly mode, a stop block mounting concave embedded groove which vertically penetrates through the drill bit joint is formed in the first hook block, the stop block is embedded and fixed in the stop block mounting concave embedded groove, and the width difference between the hook-shaped groove and the first hook part is larger than the width of the stop block to form the circumferential gap.
The maximum width of the first hook block is smaller than the minimum width of the hook-shaped groove, and the maximum width of the hook head assembly is larger than the minimum width of the hook-shaped groove, so that the hook-shaped connection and falling prevention of the drill bit joint and the lower end of the outer body are realized.
The outer side of the positioning sleeve is plugged with a roller sealing cover for preventing falling, and the roller spiral grooves correspond to the roller assemblies one by one.
The center of the shaft punch base is provided with a base inner hole communicated with the drill bit joint inner hole, and the hammer body driving assembly is communicated with the drill bit joint inner hole and the upper joint inner hole and drives the hammer to move up and down through the drilling fluid pressurized by the reducing nozzle.
And a sealing ring for sealing a flow channel of the outer ring of the inner shaft punch cylinder is arranged on the surface, which is attached to the outer body, of the inner shaft punch cylinder, and the sealing ring is positioned on the upper part of the inner shaft punch cylinder.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the tool has simple structure and few moving parts, can resist the erosion of drilling fluid, and does not influence the combined use performance of other drilling tools after being connected with the PDC drill bit. Through a multi-party field drilling test, the drilling speed of the drilling machine is greatly improved, and the service life is prolonged.
The shaft punch drives the torsional impact accelerating tool, the generated axial impact force is extremely large, and the shaft punch drives the circumferential torsion to directly act on the drill bit without any additional consumption. The formed strong impact load is easier to cut into the stratum, so that the rock is crushed in volume or cracks are formed, the rock crushing efficiency is increased, and great economic benefits are generated on the aspects of improving the mechanical drilling speed and shortening the well construction period.
The shaft impulse driving torsional impact speed-increasing tool has a strong vibration effect in working, can remarkably improve the stress condition of rocks near the bottom of a well, improves the rock breaking efficiency, can improve the stress of a drill bit, and prolongs the service life of the drill bit. And the shaft impulse generates strong oscillation, which also plays a great role in reducing the friction between the tool and the well wall.
The drilling speed-up tool with the torsional impact driven by the shaft impact has no electric element and can be salvaged, so that the reliability and the safety of the system are improved, and the drilling operation can be performed as if the tool fails, but the drilling efficiency is reduced.
The drilling speed-up tool can be matched with an underground power drilling tool for use, and can also achieve the optimal and preferable structural scheme by changing the aperture of the reducing nozzle and adjusting the outer diameter, the length and the stroke of the shaft impact hammer according to the stratum characteristics and the drill bit performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a configuration of a rotary percussion drill tool driven by a spindle punch according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the spindle punch hammer and ram drive assembly of the present invention driving a torsional impact drilling tool;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a roller assembly of the present invention in which the rotary percussion drill tool is driven by the rotary percussion drill bit;
FIG. 6 is a state diagram of the present invention with the axis punch driving the hook head assembly of the torsional impact drilling tool to perform axis punch and circumferential twist in the hook recess;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the reversing tube portion of the present invention in which the rotary percussion drill tool is driven by the shaft punch;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a key shaft assembly of the present invention shaft punch driven torsional impact drilling tool.
Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:
1. the device comprises an upper joint 2, a sealing ring 3, a middle pipe 4, a reversing pipe 5, an axial punch hammer 6, an axial punch inner cylinder 7, an outer body 8, a reducing nozzle 9, a nozzle holder 10, an axial punch base 11, an octagonal thread sleeve 12, a transverse pin shaft 13, a roller sealing cover 14, a positioning sleeve 15, a roller shaft 16, a roller 17, a limiting thread sleeve 18, a drill bit joint 19, a stop block 20, a hook-shaped groove 201, an impact cavity 202, a circumferential gap 203, a second axial gap 2031, a first axial gap 2032, a first axial gap 204, a starting cavity 205, a roller spiral groove 301, a middle pipe upper water inlet 302, an upper punch hammer inlet and outlet hole 303, an upper punch hammer inlet and outlet water flow channel 304, a reversing pipe upper water outlet channel 305, a reversing pipe upper water inlet channel 306, a middle pipe lower water inlet 307, a reversing pipe lower water inlet channel 308, a lower punch hammer inlet and outlet water flow channel 309, A reversing tube lower drainage channel 310, a lower shaft hammer inlet and drain hole 311, a middle tube starting liquid outlet channel 3121, a reversing tube starting liquid upper and upper drainage port 3122, a reversing tube starting liquid lower inlet and drain port 313, a middle tube upper drainage channel 314, a middle tube lower drainage channel 315, a middle tube middle drainage channel
401. A first step 402, a second step 403, and a third step.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-8, an axial-thrust-driven torsional drilling acceleration tool:
the upper part of the outer body 7 is fixedly connected with the upper joint 1; the shaft punch assembly comprises a shaft punch inner cylinder 6, a shaft punch base 10, a shaft punch hammer 5 and a hammer body driving set
The device comprises a shaft punch assembly, a first step 401 is formed by inward protrusion of the inner wall of the lower part of an outer body 7, a shaft punch inner cylinder 6 is positioned between the first step 401 and an upper joint 1, a first axial gap for the axial movement of the shaft punch inner cylinder 6 is reserved between the upper joint 1 and the first step 401, a shaft punch base 10, a shaft punch hammer 5 and a hammer body driving component are all arranged in the shaft punch inner cylinder 6, the hammer body driving component drives the shaft punch hammer 5 to move up and down, a second step 402 for the upward limit of the shaft punch hammer 5 is formed by inward protrusion of the inner wall of the upper part of the shaft punch inner cylinder 6, the lower part of the shaft punch inner cylinder 6 is fixedly connected with the shaft punch base 10 for the downward limit of the shaft punch hammer 5, an impact cavity 201 for the upward and downward movement of the shaft punch hammer 5 is reserved between the shaft punch base 10 and the second step 402, and the lower end face of the shaft punch base 10 is attached to the upper end face of a drill bit joint 18 to realize the downward impact transmission of the shaft punch hammer 5;
the bottom of the axial punch inner cylinder 6 is fixedly connected with the drill bit joint 18 through a key shaft assembly and synchronously rotates, and the upward impact of the axial punch hammer 5 on the axial punch inner cylinder 6 is transmitted to the drill bit joint 18;
the lower part of the outer body 7 is provided with a roller assembly rotationally connected with the drill bit joint 18, the roller assembly comprises a roller 16, a roller shaft 15 and a positioning sleeve 14, a plurality of roller spiral grooves 205 are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the middle part of the drill bit joint 18 along the circumferential direction, the roller 16 is in sliding fit with the roller spiral grooves 205, the roller 16 is connected with the roller shaft 15, the lower end of the outer body 7 is provided with a positioning hole for positioning the roller shaft 16, the positioning hole is internally provided with the positioning sleeve 14, the inner diameter of the positioning sleeve 14 is matched with the outer diameter of the roller shaft 15 to form a positioning cavity for the rotation of the roller shaft 15, and when the drill bit joint 18 moves up and down under the axial impact, the roller 16 is in sliding fit with the roller spiral grooves 205 to generate a slope to push and drive the drill bit joint 18 to circumferentially twist relative to the outer body;
the lower end face of the outer body 7 is recessed to form a hook-shaped groove 20, a hook head assembly hooked in the hook-shaped groove 20 is arranged on the drill bit joint 18, a second gap for the hook head assembly to move axially and circumferentially in the hook-shaped groove 20 is reserved in the hook-shaped groove 20, and torque transmission between the lower end of the outer body 7 and the drill bit joint 18 is achieved.
A drilling speed-up tool driven by axial impact is characterized in that a roller assembly is arranged at the lower part of an outer body 7 of the drilling speed-up tool, a roller spiral groove 205 is arranged at the middle part of a bit joint 18, when axial impact occurs, the roller spiral groove 205 pushes and presses the roller assembly to enable the bit joint 18 to generate a certain amount of circumferential torsion, and a circumferential gap 202 can adjust the spiral angle of the roller spiral groove 205 according to different stratum characteristics, so that the purpose of changing the circumferential gap 202 is achieved.
The center of the shaft punch base 10 is provided with a base inner hole communicated with the inner hole of the drill bit joint 18, and the hammer body driving assembly is communicated with the inner hole of the drill bit joint and the inner hole of the upper joint and drives the hammer 5 to move up and down through drilling fluid pressurized by the reducing nozzle 8. The inner shaft punch cylinder 6 is faced with the outer body 7, a sealing ring 2 for sealing an outer ring flow channel of the inner shaft punch cylinder 6 is arranged on the inner shaft punch cylinder 6, and the sealing ring 2 is positioned on the upper part of the inner shaft punch cylinder 6.
The hammer body driving assembly comprises a reversing pipe 4, a middle pipe 3, a reducing nozzle 8 and a nozzle seat 9, the shaft impact hammer 5 is sleeved between the reversing pipe 4 and the shaft impact inner cylinder 6, and the middle pipe 3 is sleeved in the reversing pipe 4;
a central cavity is arranged in the middle pipe 3, the upper end of the central cavity is communicated with an inner hole of the upper joint, the lower end of the central cavity is communicated with an inner hole of the drill bit joint, a reducing nozzle 8 and a nozzle seat 9 are fixedly arranged at the lower part of the central cavity, the lower part of the middle pipe 3 is provided with a drain hole communicated with the inner hole of the nozzle seat 9, the middle pipe 3 is provided with a middle pipe upper water inlet 301 communicated with the central cavity, a middle pipe lower water inlet 306 and a middle pipe starting liquid water outlet groove 311, the outer wall part of the middle pipe 3 is sunken inwards to be combined with the inner wall phase of the reversing pipe 4 to form a middle pipe upper water flow passage, a middle water flow passage and a lower water flow passage which are communicated with each other, the middle pipe upper drainage flow channel 313 and the middle pipe upper water inlet 301, the middle pipe middle drainage flow channel 315 and the middle pipe starting liquid water outlet groove 311, the middle pipe lower drainage flow channel 314 and the middle pipe lower water inlet 306 are arranged at intervals and are not communicated with each other, and the middle pipe lower drainage flow channel 314 is communicated with the inner hole of the drill bit connector through a drainage hole; the middle part of the reversing tube 4 is provided with a convex step for isolating a starting liquid upper water inlet and outlet flow channel and a starting liquid lower water inlet and outlet flow channel, the upper part of the reversing tube 4 is sequentially provided with a reversing tube upper water outlet groove 304, a reversing tube upper water inlet groove 305 and a reversing tube starting liquid upper water inlet and outlet port 3121 which are not communicated with each other from top to bottom, the lower part of the reversing tube is sequentially provided with a reversing tube starting liquid lower water inlet and outlet port 3122, a reversing tube lower water inlet groove 307 and a reversing tube lower water outlet groove 309 from top to bottom, the reversing tube upper water inlet and outlet grooves are arranged at the same side of the middle tube upper water inlet 301, the reversing tube lower water inlet and outlet grooves are arranged at the same side of the middle tube lower water inlet 306, and the reversing tube starting liquid upper water inlet and outlet ports and the middle tube starting liquid outlet groove 311 are arranged at the same side;
the middle part of the shaft impact hammer 5 is recessed inwards to form a starting cavity 204 for pushing the convex step to drive the reversing pipe 4 to move axially, the inner diameter of the starting cavity 204 is matched with the outer diameter of the boss step, the boss step moves upwards to be attached to the top surface in the starting cavity for limiting, the boss step moves downwards to be attached to the bottom surface in the starting cavity for limiting, an upper shaft impact hammer water inlet and outlet flow passage 303 and a lower shaft impact hammer water inlet and outlet flow passage 308 for the drilling fluid to enter and exit are arranged on the shaft impact hammer 5, one end of the upper shaft impact hammer water inlet and outlet flow passage 303 is communicated with the impact cavity through an upper shaft impact hammer water inlet and outlet hole 302 positioned on the upper end surface of the shaft impact hammer 5, and the other end of the upper shaft impact hammer water inlet and outlet flow passage 303 is communicated with the reversing pipe in a moving way; one end of the lower shaft hammer water inlet and outlet channel 308 is communicated with the impact cavity 201 through a lower shaft hammer water inlet and outlet hole 310 positioned on the lower end surface of the shaft hammer 5, and the other end is movably communicated with the lower row of the reversing pipe and the water inlet groove.
When the middle pipe upper water inlet 301, the reversing pipe upper water inlet tank 305 and the upper shaft impact hammer water inlet and outlet flow channel 303 are communicated in a moving mode, the middle pipe lower water outlet flow channel 314, the reversing pipe lower water outlet tank 309 and the lower shaft impact hammer water inlet and outlet flow channel 308 are communicated; when the middle pipe lower water inlet 306, the reversing pipe lower water inlet groove 307 and the lower shaft impact hammer water inlet and outlet flow passage 308 are movably communicated, the middle pipe upper water outlet flow passage 313, the reversing pipe upper water outlet groove 304 and the upper shaft impact hammer water inlet and outlet flow passage 303 are communicated.
Furthermore, the outer wall of the middle tube 3 is provided with a plurality of flat surfaces, and the inner wall of the reversing tube 4 is matched with the flat surfaces. The reversing pipe 4 can move up and down outside the middle pipe 3, the two parts are mutually matched with a flat surface, the middle pipe 3 and the reversing pipe 4 are limited by the flat surface and cannot rotate, so that the middle pipe upper water inlet 301 and the reversing pipe upper water inlet and drainage groove are ensured, and the middle pipe lower water inlet 306 and the reversing pipe lower water inlet and drainage groove are completely communicated in an opposite way during reversing movement. Meanwhile, the upper/lower impact hammering water inlet and outlet flow passages are simplified to be the same flow passage, and the upper/lower impact hammering water inlet and outlet holes are the same hole site. The same flow channel and the same hole site are used as drilling fluid outlets, drilling fluid is discharged after the axial impact is completed, and special flow channels special for drilling fluid feeding and discharging are not respectively arranged, so that the structure of the tool is simplified.
Furthermore, the reducing nozzle 8 is connected with the lower part of the middle pipe 3 through threads, a nozzle seat 9 is arranged at the lower end of the reducing nozzle 8 for increasing the strength of the reducing nozzle, the reducing nozzle is also connected with the middle pipe 3 through threads, a plurality of drain holes are arranged between the lower end of the middle pipe 3 and an inner hole of the nozzle seat 9 after the nozzle seat 9 is connected with the middle pipe 3, the drain holes are used as drainage channels for the drilling fluid after impact is finished, and the drainage channels are combined with the drilling fluid passing through the reducing nozzle 8 and arranged towards a drill bit joint to finish the drainage of all the drilling fluid.
Furthermore, the shaft impact hammer 5 is composed of an upper hammer body and a lower hammer body which are in threaded connection, the assembly is convenient, the inner diameter of the lower part of the upper hammer body is larger than the inner diameter of the upper part of the upper hammer body, the inner diameter of the upper part of the upper hammer body is matched with the outer diameter of the reversing pipe, the inner diameter of the lower part of the upper hammer body is matched with the outer diameter of the lug boss step, and the upper end face of the lower hammer body serves as the inner bottom face of the starting cavity.
Referring to fig. 1-4, a shaft impact hammer 5 of a drilling acceleration tool with a torsional shaft impact moves downwards in an impact manner, after the high-pressure drilling fluid in a middle pipe 3 is subjected to reducing and pressurizing through a reducing nozzle 8 at the lower end, part of the high-pressure drilling fluid flows back from a middle pipe starting fluid water outlet groove 311 to a reversing pipe starting fluid downward water inlet and outlet port 3122, enters a starting cavity 204 formed by a raised head step of the reversing pipe 4 and an inner concave part of the shaft impact hammer 5, and pushes the reversing pipe 4 to move upwards. At this time, the middle pipe water inlet 301 and the reversing pipe water inlet tank 305 which are in a closed state are communicated with each other, and the drilling fluid is punched from the upper punch water inlet and outlet channel 303 through the upper punch hammer water inlet and outlet channel 302 into the impact cavity 201 formed by the upper end surface of the shaft punch hammer 5 and the inner punch cylinder 6, so that the shaft punch hammer 5 moves downwards and simultaneously drives the reversing pipe 4 to move downwards relative to the middle pipe 3. When the shaft impact hammer 5 impacts the shaft impact base 10 downwards, the intermediate pipe starting liquid water outlet groove 311 on the intermediate pipe 3 is communicated with the reversing pipe starting liquid upper water inlet and outlet port 3121, the drilling fluid enters the starting cavity 204 on the other side to move the reversing pipe 4 downwards, at the moment, the intermediate pipe lower water inlet 306 is communicated with the reversing pipe lower water inlet groove 307, the drilling fluid starts to enter the lower shaft impact hammer water inlet and outlet flow passage 308, and enters the lower impact cavity 201 between the shaft impact hammer 5 and the shaft impact base 10 through the lower shaft impact hammer water inlet and outlet hole 310, so that the shaft impact hammer 5 moves upwards and simultaneously drives the reversing pipe 4 to move upwards relative to the intermediate pipe 3. The impact function of the reciprocating circular pushing shaft hammer 5 to move up and down is realized.
Referring to fig. 1-4 and 7, after the up and down movement impact is completed, the drilling fluid in the impact chamber 201 flows into the water drainage holes 302 and 310 through the upper and lower shaft hammers, into the water drainage channels 303 and 308, flows to the upper and lower water drainage channels 304 and 309 through the upper and lower shaft hammers, and flows out of the drill bit connector 18 through the upper, middle and lower water drainage channels 313, 315 and 314 of the middle pipe, and flows through the flow holes of the nozzle holder 9 to the outside of the body, so that the drainage of the drilling fluid is completed.
The key shaft subassembly includes eight corner screw thread cover 11 and horizontal round pin axle 12, and 11 upper portions of eight corner screw thread cover are fixed through the internal thread spiro union of external screw thread and axle impact inner tube 6, and the interior eight corners of 11 interior eight corners of eight corner screw thread covers inserts the cooperation with the outer eight corners key on 18 upper portions of drill bit joint, and key-type connection department opens the axial positioning chamber that has radial run through drill bit joint and eight corner screw thread cover, and the axial positioning chamber communicates with each other with the drill bit joint hole, and the synchronous axial displacement of horizontal round pin axle 12 realization drill bit joint and eight corner screw thread covers is established to the axial positioning intracavity. The inner hole of the drill bit joint is further sleeved with a limiting threaded sleeve 17 which is used for sealing the axial positioning cavity after the transverse pin shaft 12 is installed, one end of the axial positioning cavity is sealed through the inner wall of the axial punching inner cylinder 6, and the other end of the axial positioning cavity is sealed through the limiting threaded sleeve 17. The lower part of the octagonal thread insert 11 is convexly clamped between the lower end face of the axial punch inner cylinder and the first step 401, a ball ring for reducing the torsional resistance of the axial punch assembly is arranged between the lower end face of the octagonal thread insert 11 and the first step 401, and a first lower axial gap 2032 is reserved between the lower end face of the octagonal thread insert 11 and the first step 401. The outer side of the positioning sleeve 14 is sealed with a roller sealing cover 13 for preventing falling, and the roller spiral grooves 205 correspond to the roller assemblies one by one. The number of the roller spiral grooves is two.
Referring to fig. 1-4 and 8, a shaft-punch-driven torsional drilling speed-up tool, a shaft-punch hammer 5 finishes up-and-down movement in a constantly-changed flow channel of high-pressure drilling fluid, circularly strikes a second step 402 at the upper part of a shaft-punch inner cylinder 6 and a shaft-punch base 10 arranged at the lower part of the shaft-punch inner cylinder 6, is tightly attached to the upper end of an octagonal thread insert 11 through the shaft-punch base 10, the octagonal thread insert 11 is fixedly connected with the lower part of the shaft-punch inner cylinder 6 through threads, and the octagonal thread insert 11 is fixedly connected with a drill bit connector 18 into a whole through a transverse pin shaft. The up-and-down movement impact of the shaft impact hammer 5 is generated in the shaft impact inner cylinder 6, and the shaft impact inner cylinder is driven to cooperate with the drill bit joint to perform axial impact motion.
The inner wall of the upper part of the outer body 7 is concave to form a third step 403, the upper joint 1 is fixed with the upper part of the outer body 7 in a threaded manner, the lower end face of the upper joint 1 is positioned above the third step 403, and a first upper axial gap 2031 is reserved between the lower end face of the upper joint 1 and the upper end face of the axial punch inner cylinder 6.
Referring to the attached drawings 1 and 6, the hook head component comprises a first hook block and a stop block 19, the surface of the drill bit joint, which is attached to the lower end face of the lower body, is a first plane, the first plane protrudes upwards to form the first hook block, one side of the first hook block is matched with the hook part of the hook-shaped groove 20, the other side of the first hook block is attached to the stop block 19, the second gap comprises a second axial gap 2032 and a circumferential gap 202, the distance between the upper hook surface and the lower hook surface of the hook-shaped groove 20 is larger than the distance between the upper hook surface and the lower hook surface of the first hook block to form the second axial gap, the first plane, which is attached to the first hook block, is provided with a stop block recessed caulking groove which vertically penetrates through the drill bit joint, the stop block 19 is embedded and fixed in the stop block recessed caulking groove, and the width difference between the hook-shaped groove 20 and the first hook block is larger than the width of the stop block to form the circumferential gap. During installation, the first hook block is aligned to the opening of the hook-shaped groove, the stop block is inserted after the position clamping is rotated, and the stop block is fixed in the concave embedded groove of the stop block in a threaded manner.
The maximum width of the first hook block is less than the minimum width of the hook-shaped groove 20, and the maximum width of the hook head assembly is greater than the minimum width of the hook-shaped groove 20, so that the hook-shaped connection and falling prevention of the drill bit joint 18 and the lower end of the outer body 7 are realized.
In order to ensure the axial impact distance, a first upper axial gap 2031 is arranged between the upper end of the axial punch inner cylinder 6 and the lower end of the upper joint 1; a first lower axial gap 2032 is arranged between the lower end surface of the octagonal thread insert 11 and the first step 401, and the first upper axial gap 2031 and the first lower axial gap 2032 form a first axial gap for the axial movement of the inner cylinder of the axial punch; a second axial gap 203 is arranged between the lower end of the outer body 7 and the hook head component. The first axial gap is the same as the second axial gap 2031 in axial distance, which may be selected based on different formation and bit characteristics.
Referring to fig. 1-6, the shaft-punch driven and twisted drilling speed-up tool, whose shaft-punch assembly works in the first step 401, which effectively prevents all parts in the shaft-punch assembly from falling off the well, is inserted by the horizontal pin 12 at the upper part of the bit joint 18, the middle roller assembly, the lower hook head component hooked with the outer body 7 and fixed by the block 19. The three defense lines prevent the drill bit joint 18 from falling off, and effectively ensure the underground safety.
The axial impact motion generated by the tool impact hammer is generated in the axial impact inner cylinder 6, so the tool impact hammer can directly drive the drill bit joint 18 to perform the up-and-down impact motion, and the problem that the conventional motion mode that the axial impact hammer 5 ascends by depending on the reaction force of a drill bit on the stratum after moving downwards in the axial direction is overcome, so that the impact hammer 5 ascends to impact the lower end surface of the second step 402 and directly drives the drill bit joint 18 to jump upwards is solved.
In summary, it is described that the axial impact drives the torsional drilling speed increasing tool, under the driving of the high-pressure drilling fluid, while the rotary drilling is performed, the up-and-down movement impact of the axial impact hammer is completed by the action of the drilling fluid, so that the axial impact inner cylinder drives the bit joint to directly impact axially without any additional consumption. And the axial impact hammer has a large volume, the generated impact energy is huge, and the drill bit joint is combined to generate synchronous circumferential torsion under the action of the roller assembly and the roller spiral groove while axially impacting. Therefore, the shaft and the torsion impact are combined and directly act on the drill bit, and the brought rock breaking effect of the drilling gravel is also great. Therefore, the efficiency of accelerating the drilling speed and shortening the well building period is more obvious, and the economic benefit of the drilling operation is greatly improved.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a torsional well drilling acceleration tool is driven to axle punching, includes top connection, ectosome, axle punching assembly, bit joint, its characterized in that: the upper part of the outer body is fixedly connected with the upper joint; the shaft punch assembly comprises a shaft punch inner cylinder, a shaft punch base, a shaft punch hammer and a hammer body driving component, the shaft punch assembly is positioned in an outer body, the inner wall of the lower part of the outer body protrudes inwards to form a first step, the shaft punch inner cylinder is positioned between the first step and an upper connector, a first axial gap for the axial movement of the shaft punch inner cylinder is reserved between the upper connector and the first step, the shaft punch base, the shaft punch hammer and the hammer body driving component are all arranged in the shaft punch inner cylinder, the hammer body driving component drives the shaft punch hammer to move up and down, the inner wall of the upper part of the shaft punch inner cylinder protrudes inwards to form a second step for the upward limit of the shaft punch hammer, the lower part of the shaft punch inner cylinder is fixedly connected with the shaft punch base for the downward limit of the shaft punch hammer, an impact cavity for the upward and downward movement of the shaft punch hammer is reserved between the shaft punch base and the second step, and the lower end surface of the shaft punch base is attached to the upper end surface of a drill bit connector to realize the downward impact transmission of the shaft punch hammer;
the bottom of the axial punch inner cylinder is fixedly connected with the drill bit joint through a key shaft assembly and synchronously rotates, and the upward impact of the axial punch hammer on the axial punch inner cylinder is transmitted to the drill bit joint;
the lower part of the outer body is provided with a roller assembly rotationally connected with the drill bit joint, the roller assembly comprises a roller, a roller shaft and a positioning sleeve, a plurality of roller spiral grooves are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the middle part of the drill bit joint along the circumferential direction, the roller is in sliding fit with the roller, the roller is connected with the roller shaft, the lower end of the outer body is provided with a positioning hole for positioning the roller shaft, the positioning hole is internally provided with the positioning sleeve, the inner diameter of the positioning sleeve is matched with the outer diameter of the roller shaft to form a positioning cavity for the rotation of the roller shaft, and when the drill bit joint is axially impacted and moves up and down, the roller and the roller spiral grooves are in sliding fit to generate slope pushing and pressing to drive the drill bit joint to circumferentially twist relative to the outer body;
the lower end face of the outer body is inwards concave to form a hook-shaped groove, a hook head assembly hooked in the hook-shaped groove is arranged on the drill bit joint, and a second gap for the hook head assembly to axially and circumferentially move in the hook-shaped groove is reserved in the hook-shaped groove, so that torque transmission between the lower end of the outer body and the drill bit joint is realized.
2. The tool of claim 1, wherein the shaft impulse torsional well acceleration tool comprises: the key shaft assembly comprises an octagonal swivel nut and a transverse pin shaft, the upper portion of the octagonal swivel nut is fixed through the external threads and the internal thread of the axial punching inner barrel, an inner octagonal of the octagonal swivel nut and an outer octagonal key on the upper portion of the drill bit connector are inserted into the drill bit connector to be matched, the key connection position is provided with an axial positioning cavity which radially penetrates through the drill bit connector and the octagonal swivel nut, the axial positioning cavity is communicated with an inner hole of the drill bit connector, and the transverse pin shaft is arranged in the axial positioning cavity to achieve synchronous axial movement of the drill bit connector and the octagonal swivel nut.
3. The tool of claim 2, wherein the shaft impulse torsional well acceleration tool comprises: the inner hole of the drill bit joint is further sleeved with a limiting threaded sleeve used for sealing the axial positioning cavity after the transverse pin shaft is installed, one end of the axial positioning cavity is sealed through the inner wall of the axial punching inner cylinder, and the other end of the axial positioning cavity is sealed through the limiting threaded sleeve.
4. The tool of claim 2, wherein the shaft impulse torsional well acceleration tool comprises: the lower part of the octagonal thread insert protrudes outwards and is clamped between the lower end face of the axial punch inner cylinder and the first step, a ball ring is arranged between the lower end face of the octagonal thread insert and the first step, and a first lower axial gap is reserved between the lower end face of the octagonal thread insert and the first step.
5. The tool of claim 1, wherein the shaft impulse torsional well acceleration tool comprises: the inner wall of the upper part of the outer body is concave inwards to form a third step, the upper joint is fixed with the upper part of the outer body in a threaded mode, the lower end face of the upper joint is located above the third step, and a first upper axial gap is reserved between the lower end face of the upper joint and the upper end face of the axial punch inner cylinder.
6. The tool of claim 1, wherein the shaft impulse torsional well acceleration tool comprises: the hook head assembly comprises a first hook block and a stop block, the surface of the drill bit joint, which is attached to the lower end face of the lower body, is a first plane, the first plane protrudes upwards to form the first hook block, one side of the first hook block is matched with the hook part of the hook-shaped groove, the other side of the first hook block is attached to the stop block, the second gap comprises a second axial gap and a circumferential gap, the distance between the upper hook surface and the lower hook surface of the hook-shaped groove is larger than the distance between the upper hook surface and the lower hook surface of the first hook block to form the second axial gap, the first plane is attached to the first hook block in a tightly mode, a stop block mounting concave embedded groove which vertically penetrates through the drill bit joint is formed in the first hook block, the stop block is embedded and fixed in the stop block mounting concave embedded groove, and the width difference between the hook-shaped groove and the first hook part is larger than the width of the stop block to form the circumferential gap.
7. The tool of claim 6, wherein the shaft impulse torsional well acceleration tool comprises: the maximum width of the first hook block is smaller than the minimum width of the hook-shaped groove, and the maximum width of the hook head assembly is larger than the minimum width of the hook-shaped groove, so that the hook-shaped connection and falling prevention of the drill bit joint and the lower end of the outer body are realized.
8. The tool of claim 1, wherein the shaft impulse torsional well acceleration tool comprises: the outer side of the positioning sleeve is plugged with a roller sealing cover for preventing falling, and the roller spiral grooves correspond to the roller assemblies one by one.
9. The tool of claim 1, wherein the shaft impulse torsional well acceleration tool comprises: the center of the shaft punch base is provided with a base inner hole communicated with the drill bit joint inner hole, and the hammer body driving assembly is communicated with the drill bit joint inner hole and the upper joint inner hole and drives the hammer to move up and down through the drilling fluid pressurized by the reducing nozzle.
10. The tool of claim 9, wherein the tool comprises: and a sealing ring for sealing a flow channel of the outer ring of the inner shaft punch cylinder is arranged on the surface, which is attached to the outer body, of the inner shaft punch cylinder, and the sealing ring is positioned on the upper part of the inner shaft punch cylinder.
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| CN202111197283.XA CN113914769A (en) | 2021-10-14 | 2021-10-14 | Drilling acceleration tool with shaft impulse driving torsion |
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| CN202111197283.XA CN113914769A (en) | 2021-10-14 | 2021-10-14 | Drilling acceleration tool with shaft impulse driving torsion |
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