CN217462010U - Composite impact drilling tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a composite impact drilling tool, which comprises a sleeve, wherein a self-oscillation cavity, an end cover and a hammer seat are sequentially arranged in the sleeve from top to bottom along the length direction, an impact hammer and a reversing seat are sequentially arranged in the hammer seat, a reversing sleeve is arranged in the impact hammer, a main nozzle is arranged in the reversing seat, and the lower end of the hammer seat is connected with a drill bit; the end cover and the reversing sleeve are both provided with central holes along the axial direction, and high-pressure drilling fluid passes through a central flow passage formed by the end cover, the central holes of the reversing sleeve and the main nozzle. The utility model discloses can produce the axial simultaneously and twist reverse the impact, effectively improve the weight on bit, reduce the stick-slip phenomenon, simple structure reliable operation's compound impacter.

Description

Composite impact drilling tool

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a drilling tool technical field, concretely relates to compound percussion drilling tool.

Background

The mechanical drilling speed of deep hard formation is improved, which is a permanent target in the drilling industry, and the impact rock breaking drilling technology is an efficient rock breaking technology with better application effect in drilling deep wells and ultra-deep wells into hard formations at present. In the existing drilling speed-up tool, the impactor with the single axial impact function is suitable for hard and brittle and hard plastic strata, the rock breaking efficiency of a drill bit can be improved, but the phenomenon of instant stick-slip is easy to generate, and the drill bit possibly bites into the strata too deeply due to overlarge axial impact, so that the rock breaking torque is increased while the mechanical drilling speed is improved, and the stick-slip vibration of the drill bit is further aggravated. The drill bit has a single circumferential impact function, is suitable for hard-clamped stratums, can apply circumferential impact torque to eliminate the stick-slip phenomenon of the drill bit, but cannot apply axial impact load to improve the tooth depth of the drill bit, namely, the two tools have advantages and disadvantages respectively. Therefore, under the great situation that the demand of petroleum resource exploration and development is urgent and the drilling market is changed in China, the drilling technology and the matched tool which are feasible and can further improve the mechanical drilling speed and the drilling efficiency of deep hard strata and complex strata are necessary, and the novel rock breaking drilling tool has important significance in the aspect of drilling speed improvement

The conventional impact mode of the rotary percussion drilling and the torsional percussion drilling has single dimension, and the novel composite impact drilling tool is provided for reducing or eliminating the phenomenon of 'stick-slip' of a drill bit in a hard stratum, improving the tooth depth of the drill bit by applying axial impact load and further improving the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit, so that a drilling tool has the advantages of axial impact and torsional impact drilling and rock breaking.

Disclosure of Invention

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is, to the above-mentioned defect that prior art exists, provide a composite impact drilling tool, can produce the axial simultaneously and twist reverse the impact, effectively improve the weight on bit, reduce the stick-slip phenomenon, simple structure reliable operation's composite impactor.

The utility model discloses a solve the technical scheme that above-mentioned technical problem adopted and be:

a composite impact drilling tool comprises a sleeve, wherein a self-excited oscillation cavity, an end cover and a hammer seat are sequentially arranged in the sleeve from top to bottom along the length direction, an impact hammer and a reversing seat are sequentially arranged in the hammer seat, a reversing sleeve is arranged in the impact hammer, a main nozzle is arranged in the reversing seat, and the lower end of the hammer seat is connected with a drill bit; the end cover and the reversing sleeve are both provided with central holes along the axial direction, and high-pressure drilling fluid passes through a central flow passage formed by the end cover, the central holes of the reversing sleeve and the main nozzle.

According to the technical scheme, the central hole of the reversing sleeve penetrates through the reversing sleeve up and down, and the drilling fluid enters the central hole of the reversing sleeve and then flows downwards; part of drilling fluid enters a central hole of the reversing sleeve, part of drilling fluid enters a position between the impact hammer and the hammer seat, and the drilling fluid entering the position between the impact hammer and the hammer seat can drive the impact hammer to rotate so as to impact the hammer seat in a reciprocating mode, transmit impact torque to the hammer seat and further transmit the impact torque to a drill bit through the hammer seat.

According to the technical scheme, a locking ring is arranged between the hammer seat and the sleeve and is axially positioned and installed, and the locking ring comprises a plurality of sector-shaped locking blocks which are distributed along the circumferential direction; the lower part of the sleeve is connected with the hammer base through a spline, and the torque for breaking rock of the drill bit is transmitted through the spline matching.

According to the technical scheme, the bottom of the reversing sleeve is provided with a righting surface which is contacted with a righting surface of the reversing seat, the righting surface arranged at the top of the reversing sleeve is contacted with the righting surface at the lower part of the end cover, so that the upper end and the lower end of the reversing sleeve are radially limited, and the reversing sleeve is supported by the righting surface in the rotating process; a large step hole, a small step hole, a group of large holes and a group of small holes are formed below the end cover and are respectively used for righting and installing the impact hammer and the reversing sleeve.

According to the technical scheme, the self-oscillation cavity is sequentially provided with the upper nozzle, the resonance cavity and the lower nozzle from top to bottom along the axial direction, and the outlet end of the resonance cavity is provided with the collision wall.

According to the technical scheme, a plurality of connecting holes are arranged at the bottom of the end cover along the circumferential direction, the end cover is fixedly connected with the hammer seat through bolts or screws, and the bolts or screws penetrate through the connecting holes to be connected with the hammer seat.

According to the technical scheme, the diameter of the nozzle of the main nozzle is smaller than that of the central hole of the reversing sleeve.

According to the technical scheme, a plurality of liquid discharge grooves are distributed on the inner ring of the hammer seat along the circumferential direction, and the reversing seat is provided with a convex edge clamped in the liquid discharge grooves;

the two opposite sides of the convex edge are in contact with the liquid discharge groove plane, so that the reversing seat and the hammer seat can keep a relatively static state, and when the hammer seat rotates, the reversing seat and the hammer seat rotate together; the reversing sleeve is arranged in the hammer seat and is positioned above the reversing seat, and the reversing sleeve is provided with a reversing sleeve center hole for the circulation of drilling fluid.

According to the technical scheme, a plurality of side runners are distributed on the side wall of the end cover along the circumferential direction, the side runners are communicated with a center hole of the end cover, a plurality of second guide grooves are distributed on the outer ring of the hammer seat along the circumferential direction, the second guide grooves are communicated with the side runners, auxiliary nozzles are arranged at the bottoms of the second guide grooves, and the auxiliary nozzles are communicated with the bottom of the center hole of the hammer seat;

the inner ring of the hammer seat is provided with an impact cabin, the outer side of the impact hammer is provided with a hammer head, the hammer head is arranged in the impact cabin, the two sides of the hammer head are provided with third flow guide holes along the length direction of the impact hammer, and the third flow guide holes are communicated with the impact cabin; a plurality of first flow guide holes are circumferentially distributed on the reversing sleeve along a central hole of the reversing sleeve, and the central hole of the reversing sleeve is communicated with the third flow guide holes through the first flow guide holes;

a starting cabin is arranged on the outer wall of the reversing sleeve, an inner key is arranged in the starting cabin, a third diversion trench is arranged on one side of the starting cabin, and when the reversing sleeve and the impact hammer rotate forwards or reversely relatively, the third diversion hole and the third diversion trench are communicated in an aligned mode or separated in a staggered mode;

a through groove is axially formed in the reversing seat;

and when the reversing sleeve and the hammer seat rotate in the forward direction or the reverse direction relatively, the fourth diversion holes are in alignment communication or in dislocation separation with the starting cabin.

According to the technical scheme, after the drilling fluid flows into the end cover, part of the drilling fluid flows downwards through the end cover central hole, the reversing sleeve central hole, the reversing seat and the main nozzle, and because the diameter of the main nozzle outlet is smaller, high pressure is formed in a channel above the main nozzle outlet, the high-pressure drilling fluid enters the starting cabin through a side surface flow channel of the end cover, the second diversion groove of the hammer seat and the fourth diversion hole in sequence, the reversing sleeve is pushed to rotate anticlockwise around the axis of the tool, the impact hammer rotates clockwise around the axis of the tool, and the starting state is not started at the moment; when the left side surface of the inner key is contacted with the side surface of the starting cabin, the inner key and the starting cabin stop rotating, and the starting state is realized at the moment; then high-pressure drilling fluid enters a gap between the right side of the hammerhead and the side surface of the impact cabin through the first diversion hole and the third diversion hole on the right side of the hammerhead, the right side of the hammerhead bears high pressure, the drilling fluid on the left side of the hammerhead flows downwards through the third diversion hole on the left side of the hammerhead, the third diversion groove and the through groove of the reversing seat, the drilling fluid on the left side of the hammerhead is low pressure, under the action of high and low pressure difference on the two sides of the hammerhead, the impact hammer rotates clockwise around the axis of the hammer seat, simultaneously the impact hammer drives the reversing sleeve to synchronously rotate clockwise through an inner key until the left side of the hammerhead impacts the inner wall surface of the impact cabin, the impact hammer stops rotating and transmits impact torque to the hammer seat, at the moment of impact, due to the action of inertia, the reversing sleeve continues to rotate clockwise, the left side surface of the inner key is separated from the side surface of the starting cabin, and the high-pressure drilling fluid sequentially passes through the side flow passage of the end cover and the second diversion groove, The fourth diversion hole enters a cavity formed by the separation of the inner key and the starting cabin, meanwhile, drilling fluid on the other side of the inner key flows downwards through the second diversion hole, the liquid discharge groove and the through groove, so that low pressure is formed on the other side of the inner key, the reversing sleeve continuously rotates clockwise under the combined action of inertia and high-low pressure difference on two sides of the inner key until the right side of the inner key is contacted with the side surface of the starting cabin, at the moment, the reversing sleeve is in a reversing reset state, the reversing sleeve completes the reversing action, two sides of the hammer head are respectively communicated with the high pressure and the low pressure of the drilling fluid, the impact hammer and the reversing sleeve synchronously rotate anticlockwise and impact the hammer seat, and the steps are repeated.

The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:

the utility model can generate axial and torsional impact at the same time, effectively improve the bit pressure, reduce the stick-slip phenomenon, and has simple structure and reliable operation; the embodiment of the utility model provides a composite impact drilling tool, because axial impact and circumferential impact are provided to the drill bit simultaneously, the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit is further improved; the axial impact device of the composite impact drilling tool adopts a scheme that the self-excited oscillation cavity generates hydraulic pulse, cancels the design of an axial impact hammer, and improves the safety and the working reliability of the tool; the composite impact drilling tool has the advantages of simple structure, convenient disassembly and reliable work.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a composite percussion drilling tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a self-oscillating chamber in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 3 is a perspective view of an end cap in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view C-C of FIG. 1;

fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view a-a of fig. 1 in an unactuated state in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view a-a of fig. 1 at the beginning of an activation state in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1 at an impact transient in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a sectional view of fig. 1 a-a in the reverse reset state in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

in the drawings, 1-hammer carrier; 11-a liquid discharge groove; 12-a second guiding gutter; 13-a secondary nozzle; 14-an impact cabin; 15-a fourth diversion hole; 16-a second locking groove; 17-a seal groove; 18-splines;

2-a reversing seat; 21-a rib; 22-a through slot;

3-reversing sleeve; 31-a central hole of the reversing sleeve; 32-first flow guide holes; 33-starting the cabin; 34-a third diversion trench;

4-end cover; 41-side flow channel; 42-connecting hole; 43-end cap center hole;

5-impact hammer; a 51-internal bond; 52-second flow guide holes; 53-hammer head; 54-third flow guide holes;

6-a sleeve; 61-sleeve central hole; 62-a first locking groove;

7-a locking block; 8-sealing ring; 9-a main nozzle;

10-a self-excited oscillation cavity; 101-upper nozzle; 102-a resonant chamber; 103-lower nozzle; 104-a collision wall; 105-a seal groove; 106-self-oscillating chamber seal ring.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Referring to fig. 1 to 9, the utility model provides an embodiment of a composite impact drilling tool, which comprises a sleeve, wherein a self-oscillation cavity 10, an end cover 4 and a hammer seat 1 are sequentially arranged in the sleeve along the length direction from top to bottom, an impact hammer 5 and a reversing seat 2 are sequentially arranged in the hammer seat 1, a reversing sleeve 3 is arranged in the impact hammer 5, a main nozzle 9 is arranged in the reversing seat 2, and a drill bit is connected with the lower end of the hammer seat 1; the upper end of the sleeve 6 is used for connecting with an upper drill string, and the upper end of the sleeve 6 is provided with a sleeve central hole; the end cover 4 and the reversing sleeve 3 are both provided with central holes along the axial direction, and high-pressure drilling fluid passes through a central flow passage formed by the end cover 4, the reversing sleeve 3 and the main nozzle 9; pressure difference is formed above and below the main nozzle 9 and is used as a power source for driving the impact hammer and the reversing sleeve to move.

Further, the self-oscillation cavity 10 and the end cover 4 form an upper axial impact device, the end cover 4 is connected with the hammer base 1, and the end cover 4, the impact hammer 5, the hammer base 1, the reversing sleeve 3, the reversing base 2 and the main nozzle 9 form a lower torsional impact device; there are an upper axial percussion device and a lower torsional percussion device, which are mounted in combination in the sleeve 6.

Furthermore, a central hole 31 of the reversing sleeve penetrates through the reversing sleeve 3 up and down, and drilling fluid can enter the central hole 31 of the reversing sleeve and then flow downwards; part of drilling fluid enters a central hole 31 of the reversing sleeve, part of drilling fluid enters between the impact hammer 5 and the hammer seat 1, the drilling fluid entering between the impact hammer 5 and the hammer seat 1 can drive the impact hammer 5 to rotate, then impact the hammer seat 1 in a reciprocating mode, impact torque is transmitted to the hammer seat 1, and then the impact torque is transmitted to a drill bit through the hammer seat 1.

Furthermore, a locking ring is arranged between the hammer base 1 and the sleeve 6 for axial positioning and installation, and the locking ring comprises a plurality of sector-shaped locking blocks 7 distributed along the circumferential direction;

the lower part of the sleeve is connected with the hammer base through a spline; a plurality of spline grooves are arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner ring of the sleeve, a plurality of splines are arranged along the circumferential direction of the corresponding position of the outer ring of the hammer seat, the splines are arranged in the corresponding spline grooves, and the rock breaking torque of the drill bit is transmitted through spline fit.

Furthermore, the bottom of the reversing sleeve 3 is provided with a righting surface which is contacted with the righting surface of the reversing seat 2, the righting surface arranged at the top of the reversing sleeve 3 is contacted with the righting surface at the lower part of the end cover, so that the upper end and the lower end of the reversing sleeve 3 are radially limited, the reversing sleeve 3 is supported by the righting surface in the rotating process, the reversing sleeve is not easy to incline, the reversing sleeve 3 is prevented from being stuck when rotating at a high speed, and meanwhile, the accurate relative position relation between the end cover 4 and the reversing sleeve 3 can be ensured; a large step hole, a small step hole, a group of large holes and a group of small holes are formed below the end cover and are respectively used for righting and installing the impact hammer 5 and the reversing sleeve 3.

The end cap 4 may have an end cap central bore 43 and a side flow passage 41, the end cap central bore 43 may be disposed coaxially with the reversing sleeve central bore 31, and the drilling fluid flowing through the side flow passage 41 flows to the outside of the end cap 4.

Further, the self-oscillation cavity 10 is provided with an upper nozzle 101, a resonance chamber 102 and a lower nozzle 103 from top to bottom in sequence along the axial direction, and an outlet end of the resonance chamber 102 is provided with a collision wall 104.

Further, a self-oscillation cavity sealing ring 106 is arranged between the self-oscillation cavity 10 and the sleeve 6, a sealing groove 105 is formed in the outer wall of the sleeve 6, and the self-oscillation cavity sealing ring 106 is arranged in the sealing groove 105.

Further, a plurality of connecting holes 42 are circumferentially arranged at the bottom of the end cover 4, the end cover 4 is fixedly connected with the hammer seat 1 through bolts or screws, and the bolts or screws penetrate through the connecting holes 42 to be connected with the hammer seat 1.

Further, the diameter of the nozzle of the main nozzle 9 is smaller than that of the central hole 31 of the reversing sleeve, so that the main nozzle plays a role of pressing in a tool, a part of drilling fluid can enter between the impact hammer 5 and the hammer seat 1, and the impact hammer 5 is driven to impact the hammer seat 1.

Furthermore, a plurality of liquid discharge grooves 11 are distributed on the inner ring of the hammer seat 1 along the circumferential direction, and the reversing seat 2 is provided with a convex rib 21 clamped in the liquid discharge grooves 11;

the two opposite sides of the convex edge 21 are in plane contact with the liquid discharge groove 11, so that the reversing seat 2 and the hammer seat 1 can keep a relatively static state, and when the hammer seat 1 rotates, the reversing seat 2 and the hammer seat 1 rotate together; the reversing sleeve 3 arranged in the hammer seat 1 is positioned above the reversing seat 2, and the reversing sleeve 3 is provided with a reversing sleeve central hole 31 for circulating drilling fluid.

Furthermore, the reversing seat 2 is approximately installed at the middle position of the hammer seat 1, and the bottom of the reversing seat 2 of the hammer seat 1 is provided with a step for supporting the reversing seat 2, so that the reversing seat 2 is stably installed in the hammer seat 1.

Furthermore, a plurality of side runners 41 are circumferentially distributed on the side wall of the end cover 4, the side runners 41 are communicated with a center hole 43 of the end cover, a plurality of second guide grooves 12 are circumferentially distributed on the outer ring of the hammer base 1, the second guide grooves 12 are communicated with the side runners 41, auxiliary nozzles 13 are arranged at the bottoms of the second guide grooves 12, and the auxiliary nozzles 13 are communicated with the bottom of the center hole of the hammer base 1;

two impact chambers 14 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of an inner ring of the hammer seat 1, two hammers 53 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the outer side of the impact hammer 5, the two hammers 53 are respectively arranged in the two impact chambers 14, third flow guide holes 54 are formed in two sides of each hammer 53 along the length direction of the impact hammer 5, and the third flow guide holes 54 are communicated with the impact chambers 14; a plurality of first diversion holes 32 are circumferentially distributed on the reversing sleeve 3 along the reversing sleeve central hole 31, and the reversing sleeve central hole 31 is communicated with the third diversion holes 54 through the first diversion holes 32;

a starting cabin 33 is arranged on the outer wall of the reversing sleeve 3, an inner key is arranged in the starting cabin 33, a third diversion trench 34 is arranged on one side of the starting cabin 33, and when the reversing sleeve 3 and the impact hammer 5 rotate forwards or reversely relatively, the third diversion hole 54 is communicated with or separated from the third diversion trench 34 in a dislocation way;

the reversing seat 2 is provided with through grooves 22 along the axial direction, and the through grooves 22 are arranged on two sides of the main nozzle 9;

fourth diversion holes 15 are distributed on the inner ring of the hammer base 1 along the circumferential direction, the fourth diversion holes 15 are communicated with the second diversion grooves 12, and when the reversing sleeve 3 and the hammer base 1 rotate forwards or reversely relatively, the fourth diversion holes 15 are communicated with or separated from the starting cabin 33 in a dislocation mode.

Further, after the drilling fluid flows into the end cover 4, part of the drilling fluid flows downwards through the end cover center hole 43, the reversing sleeve center hole 31, the reversing seat 2 and the main nozzle 9, because the diameter of the outlet of the main nozzle 9 is smaller, high pressure is formed in a channel above the outlet of the main nozzle 9, the high pressure drilling fluid sequentially enters the starting cabin 33 through the side surface flow channel 41 of the end cover 4, the second diversion groove 12 of the hammer seat and the fourth diversion hole 15, the reversing sleeve 3 is pushed to rotate anticlockwise around the axis of the tool, the impact hammer 5 rotates clockwise around the axis of the tool, and the state is not started at the moment; when the left side surface of the inner key 51 is contacted with the side surface of the starting cabin 33, the inner key and the starting cabin stop rotating, and the starting state is realized at the moment; then high-pressure drilling fluid enters a gap between the right side of the hammer 53 and the side surface of the impact cabin 14 through the first diversion hole 32 and the third diversion hole 54 on the right side of the hammer 53, the right side of the hammer 53 bears high pressure, the drilling fluid on the left side of the hammer 53 flows downwards through the third diversion hole 54 on the left side of the hammer 53, the third diversion groove 34 and the through groove 22 of the reversing seat 2, the drilling fluid on the left side of the hammer 53 is low pressure, under the action of high and low pressure difference on the two sides of the hammer 53, the impact hammer 5 rotates clockwise around the axis of the hammer seat 1, simultaneously, the impact hammer 5 drives the reversing sleeve 3 to synchronously rotate clockwise through the inner key 51 until the left side of the hammer 53 impacts the inner wall surface of the impact cabin 14, the impact hammer 5 stops rotating and transmits impact torque to the hammer seat 1, at the moment of impact, due to the action of inertia, the reversing sleeve 3 continues to rotate clockwise, and the left side of the inner key 51 is separated from the side surface of the starting cabin 33, high-pressure drilling fluid sequentially flows through the side surface flow passage 41 of the end cover 4, the second diversion groove 12 and the fourth diversion hole 15 to enter a cavity formed by the separation of the inner key 51 and the starting cabin 33, meanwhile, the drilling fluid on the other side of the inner key 51 flows downwards through the second diversion hole 52, the liquid discharge groove 11 and the through groove 22 to enable the other side of the inner key 51 to form low pressure, the reversing sleeve 3 continuously rotates clockwise under the combined action of inertia and high-low pressure difference on two sides of the inner key 51 until the right side of the inner key 51 is contacted with the side surface of the starting cabin 33, at the moment, the reversing sleeve 3 is in a reversing reset state, the reversing action is completed by the reversing sleeve 3, two sides of the hammer head 53 are respectively communicated with the high-pressure drilling fluid and the low-pressure, the impact hammer 5 and the reversing sleeve 3 synchronously rotate anticlockwise and impact the hammer seat 1, and the process is repeated, and the impact hammer 5 continuously and reciprocally impacts the hammer seat 1.

Further, the composite percussion drill tool axial percussion device comprises: a self-oscillation cavity mounted at the upper part, and an end cover shared with the torsional impact device. The axial impact device utilizes mud in a drilling tool to generate hydraulic pulse oscillation through a self-oscillation cavity at the upper part to act on an end cover, the end cover has a pulse axial force, and the end cover is fixedly connected with a hammer seat of the torsional impact device, so that the pulse axial force acts on the hammer seat and is transmitted to a drill bit to apply periodic axial impact load to the drill bit.

The self-excited oscillation cavity adopts different structures, and can generate hydraulic pulse oscillation with different frequencies and different pressure amplitudes.

The hammer seat simultaneously bears the axial impact force generated by the self-excited oscillation cavity in the axial impact device and the torsional impact force generated by the impact hammer in the torsional impact device.

The material of the self-oscillation cavity adopts erosion-resistant hard alloy; the service life can be prolonged.

The utility model discloses a theory of operation: the embodiment of the utility model provides a composite impact drilling tool comprises the axial impact device on upper portion and the torsional impact device of lower part.

Referring to fig. 1, a composite percussion drilling tool embodiment of the present invention is schematically illustrated. The hammer comprises a hammer seat 1, a reversing seat 2, a reversing sleeve 3, an end cover 4, an impact hammer 5, a sleeve 6, a locking block 7, a sealing ring 8, a main nozzle 9 and a self-oscillation cavity 10.

Referring to fig. 1, 2, and 3, a self-oscillation chamber 10 is installed at an upper portion of the sleeve 6, and the self-oscillation chamber 10 includes an upper nozzle 101, a resonance chamber 102, a lower nozzle 103, an impact wall 104, a seal groove 105, and a self-oscillation chamber seal 106. An end cover 4 is arranged below the self-oscillation cavity 10, and the end cover 4 is fixedly connected with the hammer base 1 through bolts and connecting holes 42. Further, the self-oscillation cavity 10 is made of hard alloy, so that the erosion resistance can be improved, and the service life of the self-oscillation cavity can be prolonged.

Referring to fig. 1, 3, 4 and 6, the lower end of the hammer base 1 is provided with threads for connecting with a drill bit, and the upper end of the hammer base 1 is fixedly connected with the end cover 4 through a screw and an end cover connecting hole 42. The hammer base 1 is provided with a liquid discharge groove 11 positioned on the inner side, in the embodiment, the cross section of the liquid discharge groove 11 is in a circular arc shape, and in other embodiments, the cross section of the liquid discharge groove 11 can also be in a rectangular shape or other shapes; the reversing seat 2 is approximately arranged at the middle position of the hammer seat 1, the hammer seat 1 is provided with a step for supporting the reversing seat 2 at the bottom of the reversing seat 2, so that the reversing seat 2 is stably arranged in the hammer seat 1, the reversing seat 2 is provided with a convex rib 21 clamped in the liquid discharge groove 11, in the embodiment, two opposite sides of the convex rib 21 are in plane contact with the liquid discharge groove 11, so that the reversing seat 2 and the hammer seat 1 can keep a relatively static state, and when the hammer seat 1 rotates, the reversing seat 2 and the hammer seat 1 rotate together; the reversing sleeve 3 is arranged in the hammer seat 1 and is positioned above the reversing seat 2, the reversing sleeve 3 is provided with a reversing sleeve center hole 31 for circulating drilling fluid, in the embodiment, the reversing sleeve center hole 31 vertically penetrates through the reversing sleeve 3, and the drilling fluid can enter the reversing sleeve center hole 31 and then flow downwards; the bottom of the reversing sleeve 3 is provided with a centering surface which is in contact with a centering surface of a reversing seat, the top of the reversing sleeve 3 is provided with the centering surface which is in contact with a centering surface at the lower part of an end cover, so that the upper end and the lower end of the reversing sleeve 3 are radially limited, the reversing sleeve 3 is supported by the centering surface in the rotating process, the reversing sleeve is not easy to incline, the reversing sleeve 3 is prevented from being clamped when rotating at a high speed, and meanwhile, the relative position relation between the end cover 4 and the reversing sleeve 3 can be ensured to be accurate.

Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the composite impact drilling tool may further include an impact hammer 5 located between the hammer base 1 and the reversing sleeve 3, wherein a portion of the drilling fluid enters the reversing sleeve central hole 31, and a portion of the drilling fluid enters between the impact hammer 5 and the hammer base 1, and the drilling fluid entering between the impact hammer 5 and the hammer base 1 can drive the impact hammer 5 to rotate, so as to impact the hammer base 1 in a reciprocating manner, and transmit impact torque to the hammer base 1, so as to be transmitted to a drill bit through the hammer base 1.

Referring to fig. 1, in this embodiment, a main nozzle 9 is installed in the center of a reversing seat 2, the main nozzle 9 may be fixed on the reversing seat 2 through a screw thread or a snap spring, or in other manners, a main nozzle sealing ring may be further disposed between the main nozzle 9 and the reversing seat 2, and meanwhile, the diameter of the nozzle is smaller than that of a central hole 31 of a reversing sleeve, so that a pressing effect is achieved in a tool, and a part of drilling fluid may enter between an impact hammer 5 and a hammer seat 1, so as to drive the impact hammer 5 to impact the hammer seat 1.

Referring to fig. 1, 3, 4 and 6, further, the end cover 4 may have an end cover central hole 43 and side runners 41, the end cover central hole 43 may be coaxially disposed with the reversing sleeve central hole 31, and the drilling fluid flowing through the side runners 41 flows to the outside of the end cover 4, in this embodiment, there are 4 side runners 41, and at the same time, the hammer base 1 may further have second guiding grooves 12 corresponding to the side runners 41, so that when the end cover 4 is fixed on the hammer base 1, the side runners 41 may communicate with the corresponding second guiding grooves 12, and after the drilling fluid flows to the outside of the end cover 4 through the side runners 41, the drilling fluid may enter the second guiding grooves 12, and the bottom of the second guiding grooves 12 may be provided with auxiliary nozzles 13, and the auxiliary nozzles 13 communicate with the central hole at the bottom of the hammer base 1, for allowing the silt deposited at the bottom of the second guiding grooves 12 to pass through.

Referring to fig. 1 and 6, in this embodiment, two impact chambers 14 are disposed on a hammer base 1, the cross section of each impact chamber 14 is preferably fan-shaped, two hammers 53 are correspondingly disposed on the outer side of each impact hammer 5, two third guiding holes 54 are disposed on the left side of each hammer 53 in the vertical direction, and two third guiding holes 54 are also disposed on the right side of each hammer 53 in the vertical direction, a part of drilling fluid can enter a gap between one side of each hammer 53 and the impact chamber 14 through the third guiding hole 54 on one side of each hammer 53, the hammer 53 is driven to rotate towards the other side and hit the side surface of the impact chamber 14, specifically, the drilling fluid entering a central hole 31 of a reversing sleeve can enter the third guiding hole 54 through a first guiding hole 32 and then enter between one side of each hammer 53 and the inner wall surface of the impact chamber 14 through the third guiding hole 54, meanwhile, in this embodiment, the reversing sleeve 3 is provided with a third guiding groove 34 on one side of a starting chamber 33, when drilling fluid enters between one side of the hammer 53 and the impact cabin 14 from the third diversion hole 54 on one side of the hammer 53, the drilling fluid between the other side of the hammer 53 and the impact cabin 14 can enter the third diversion groove 34 through the third diversion hole 54 on the other side of the hammer 53, and then flows out through the lower end of the third diversion groove 34, so that a high-pressure state is formed between one side of the hammer 53 and the impact cabin 14, a low-pressure state is formed between the other side of the hammer 53 and the impact cabin 14, under the action of high-pressure and low-pressure difference on the two sides, the impact hammer 5 rotates around the axis of the hammer seat 1, meanwhile, the impact hammer 5 drives the reversing sleeve 3 to synchronously rotate together through the inner key 51 until the other side of the hammer 53 impacts the inner wall surface of the impact cabin 14, the impact hammer 5 stops rotating, and impact torque is transmitted to the hammer seat 1.

Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the bottom of the impact hammer 5 has a right side that fits with a right side at the top of the reversing seat, so as to ensure that the impact hammer 5 is not prone to tilt during high-speed rotation, and meanwhile, the top of the impact hammer 5 has a right side that contacts with the right side at the bottom of the end cover 4, so as to provide a radial right function for the impact hammer 5, and prevent the impact hammer 5 from being stuck during rotation.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5, in some alternative embodiments, the hammer base 1 may be further sleeved with a sleeve 6, the upper end of the sleeve 6 is provided with an external thread for connecting with a drill string, and the hammer base 1 is externally provided with a plurality of splines 18, the number of the splines in the embodiment is preferably 4, so that the hammer base 1 and the sleeve 6 are meshed with each other through the splines, and the drill pressure and the torque load of the drill string are transmitted to the hammer base 1 through the sleeve 6, and then the hammer base 1 transmits the drill pressure and the torque load of the drill string and the impact load generated by the tool to a drill bit.

Referring to fig. 1, further, a first locking groove 62 may be formed on the inner side of the sleeve 6, the first locking groove 62 is circular along the circumferential direction of the sleeve 6, a circular second locking groove 16 is formed on the outer portion of the hammer base 1 corresponding to the first locking groove 62, the second locking groove 16 and the first locking groove 62 together form a locking cavity, and the plurality of locking blocks 7 are sequentially installed in the locking cavity until the locking cavity is filled; the left surface and the right flank of latch segment 7 can be fan-shaped contained angle, and the medial surface and the outside of latch segment 7 personally submit the face of cylinder, and the last side and the downside of latch segment 7 are plane or other curved surfaces, and when lifting the drilling string, sleeve 6 drives hammer holder 1 through latch segment 7 and following drill bit rises, and latch segment 7 is plane or other curved surfaces with sleeve 6 and hammer holder 1's contact surface, if adopt conventional steel ball locking mode, and steel ball locking is the point contact, the utility model provides a latch segment 7 is the face contact with sleeve 6 and hammer holder 1, locks sleeve 6 and hammer holder 1 through latch segment 7, therefore makes the pulling force that whole instrument can bear big, and the security is high.

Further, the outer side of the hammer seat 1 may be further provided with a sealing groove 17, a sealing ring 8 is installed in the sealing groove 17, and the sealing ring 8 is used for sealing between the lower portion of the hammer seat 1 and the sleeve 6.

Referring to fig. 1, 2, and 6 to 9, the working process of the composite percussion drilling tool provided by the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: when drilling fluid flows into the self-oscillation cavity 10 from the top to the bottom from the sleeve center hole 61 at the upper end of the sleeve 6, the drilling fluid enters the resonance cavity 102 through the upper nozzle 101 of the self-oscillation cavity, part of the drilling fluid collides with the collision wall 104 and flows back in the resonance cavity 102, a jet flow with periodic pressure pulsation is formed in the resonance cavity 102 and is ejected out from the lower nozzle 103, the drilling fluid with the periodic pressure pulsation acts on the end cover 4 to form axial impact vibration, the end cover 4 is connected with the hammer seat 1, the hammer seat 1 is connected with a drill bit, and the axial impact vibration generated by the self-oscillation cavity 10 is transmitted to the drill bit through the hammer seat 1.

After the drilling fluid flows into the end cover 4, part of the drilling fluid flows downwards through the end cover center hole 43, the reversing sleeve center hole 31, the reversing seat 2 and the main nozzle 9, because the diameter of the outlet of the main nozzle 9 is smaller, high pressure is formed in a channel above the outlet of the main nozzle 9, the high pressure drilling fluid sequentially passes through the side surface flow channel 41 of the end cover 4, the second flow guide groove 12 and the fourth flow guide hole 15 of the hammer seat to enter the starting cabin 33, the reversing sleeve 3 is pushed to rotate anticlockwise around the axis of the tool, the impact hammer 5 rotates clockwise around the axis of the tool, and the starting state is not started at the moment; when the left side surface of the inner key 51 is contacted with the side surface of the starting cabin 33, the inner key and the starting cabin stop rotating, and the starting state is realized at the moment; then high-pressure drilling fluid enters a gap between the right side of the hammer 53 and the side surface of the impact cabin 14 through the first diversion hole 32 and the third diversion hole 54 on the right side of the hammer 53, the right side of the hammer 53 bears high pressure, the drilling fluid on the left side of the hammer 53 flows downwards through the third diversion hole 54 on the left side of the hammer 53, the third diversion groove 34 and the through groove 22 of the reversing seat 2, the drilling fluid on the left side of the hammer 53 is low pressure, under the action of high and low pressure difference on the two sides of the hammer 53, the impact hammer 5 rotates clockwise around the axis of the hammer seat 1, simultaneously, the impact hammer 5 drives the reversing sleeve 3 to synchronously rotate clockwise through the inner key 51 until the left side of the hammer 53 impacts the inner wall surface of the impact cabin 14, the impact hammer 5 stops rotating and transmits impact torque to the hammer seat 1, at the moment of impact, due to the action of inertia, the reversing sleeve 3 continues to rotate clockwise, and the left side of the inner key 51 is separated from the side surface of the starting cabin 33, high-pressure drilling fluid sequentially flows through the side surface flow passage 41 of the end cover 4, the second diversion groove 12 and the fourth diversion hole 15 to enter a cavity formed by the separation of the inner key 51 and the starting cabin 33, meanwhile, the drilling fluid on the other side of the inner key 51 flows downwards through the second diversion hole 52, the liquid discharge groove 11 and the through groove 22 to enable the other side of the inner key 51 to form low pressure, the reversing sleeve 3 continuously rotates clockwise under the combined action of inertia and high-low pressure difference on two sides of the inner key 51 until the right side of the inner key 51 is contacted with the side surface of the starting cabin 33, at the moment, the reversing sleeve 3 is in a reversing reset state, the reversing action is completed by the reversing sleeve 3, two sides of the hammer head 53 are respectively communicated with the high-pressure drilling fluid and the low-pressure, the impact hammer 5 and the reversing sleeve 3 synchronously rotate anticlockwise and impact the hammer seat 1, and the process is repeated, and the impact hammer 5 continuously and reciprocally impacts the hammer seat 1.

The hammer seat 1 is subjected to axial impact and torsional impact, the composite impact force is transmitted to the drill bit, the depth of the drill bit penetrating into a rock and the rock breaking efficiency can be improved through the axial impact, stick-slip vibration of the drill bit is reduced through the torsional impact, and the two impacts act together to achieve the effects of improving the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit and protecting a drilling tool.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the right of the present invention should not be limited by this, so that the equivalent changes made in the claims of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A composite impact drilling tool is characterized by comprising a sleeve, wherein a self-oscillation cavity (10), an end cover (4) and a hammer seat (1) are sequentially arranged in the sleeve from top to bottom along the length direction, an impact hammer (5) and a reversing seat (2) are sequentially arranged in the hammer seat (1), a reversing sleeve (3) is arranged in the impact hammer (5), a main nozzle (9) is arranged in the reversing seat (2), and the lower end of the hammer seat (1) is connected with a drill bit; the end cover (4) and the reversing sleeve (3) are both provided with central holes along the axial direction, and high-pressure drilling fluid passes through a central flow passage formed by the end cover (4), the central holes of the reversing sleeve (3) and the main nozzle (9).

2. The composite percussion drilling tool according to claim 1, wherein the reversing sleeve central bore (31) extends up and down through the reversing sleeve (3), and drilling fluid enters the reversing sleeve central bore (31) and flows down; drilling fluid partially enters a central hole (31) of the reversing sleeve, partially enters a space between the impact hammer (5) and the hammer seat (1), the drilling fluid entering the space between the impact hammer (5) and the hammer seat (1) can drive the impact hammer (5) to rotate, then the impact hammer (5) is impacted in a reciprocating mode, impact torque is transmitted to the hammer seat (1), and then the impact torque is transmitted to a drill bit through the hammer seat (1).

3. The composite percussion drilling tool according to claim 1, wherein a locking ring is arranged between the hammer holder (1) and the sleeve (6) for axial positioning and mounting, the locking ring comprising a plurality of sector-shaped locking blocks (7) distributed along the circumferential direction; the lower part of the sleeve is connected with the hammer base through a spline, and the torque for breaking rock of the drill bit is transmitted through the spline matching.

4. The composite percussion drilling tool according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the reversing sleeve (3) has a centering surface contacting with the centering surface of the reversing seat (2), and the top of the reversing sleeve (3) is provided with a centering surface contacting with the centering surface at the lower part of the end cover, so that the upper end and the lower end of the reversing sleeve (3) are radially limited, and the reversing sleeve (3) is supported by the centering surface in the rotating process; a large step hole and a small step hole are arranged below the end cover, and an upper group of large holes and a lower group of small holes are respectively used for righting and installing the impact hammer (5) and the reversing sleeve (3).

5. The composite percussion drilling tool according to claim 1, wherein the self-oscillating chamber (10) is provided with an upper nozzle (101), a resonant chamber (102) and a lower nozzle (103) in the axial direction from the top to the bottom, and the outlet end of the resonant chamber (102) is provided with a collision wall (104).

6. The composite percussion drilling tool according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of connecting holes (42) are circumferentially arranged at the bottom of the end cover (4), the end cover (4) is fixedly connected with the hammer seat (1) through bolts or screws, and the bolts or screws penetrate through the connecting holes (42) to be connected with the hammer seat (1).

7. Composite percussion drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle diameter of the main nozzle (9) is smaller than the diameter of the central bore (31) of the reversing sleeve.

8. The composite percussion drilling tool according to claim 1, wherein the hammer seat (1) has a plurality of drainage grooves (11) distributed circumferentially on the inner ring, and the reversing seat (2) has ribs (21) engaged in the drainage grooves (11);

the two opposite sides of the convex rib (21) are in plane contact with the liquid discharge groove (11), so that the reversing seat (2) and the hammer seat (1) can keep a relatively static state, and when the hammer seat (1) rotates, the reversing seat (2) and the hammer seat (1) rotate together; the reversing sleeve (3) arranged in the hammer seat (1) is positioned above the reversing seat (2), and the reversing sleeve (3) is provided with a reversing sleeve center hole (31) for circulating drilling fluid.

9. The composite percussion drilling tool according to claim 1 or 8, wherein a plurality of side flow channels (41) are circumferentially distributed on the side wall of the end cover (4), the side flow channels (41) are communicated with a central hole (43) of the end cover, a plurality of second guide grooves (12) are circumferentially distributed on the outer ring of the hammer base (1), the second guide grooves (12) are communicated with the side flow channels (41), auxiliary nozzles (13) are arranged at the bottoms of the second guide grooves (12), and the auxiliary nozzles (13) are communicated with the bottom of the central hole of the hammer base (1);

an impact cabin (14) is arranged on the inner ring of the hammer seat (1), a hammer head (53) is arranged on the outer side of the impact hammer (5), the hammer head (53) is arranged in the impact cabin (14), third flow guide holes (54) are formed in the two sides of the hammer head (53) along the length direction of the impact hammer (5), and the third flow guide holes (54) are communicated with the impact cabin (14); a plurality of first flow guide holes (32) are circumferentially distributed in the reversing sleeve (3) along the reversing sleeve center hole (31), and the reversing sleeve center hole (31) is communicated with the third flow guide holes (54) through the first flow guide holes (32);

a starting cabin (33) is arranged on the outer wall of the reversing sleeve (3), an inner key is arranged in the starting cabin (33), a third guide groove (34) is arranged on one side of the starting cabin (33), and when the reversing sleeve (3) and the impact hammer (5) rotate forwards or reversely relatively, the third guide hole (54) is communicated with or separated from the third guide groove (34) in a dislocation way;

a through groove (22) is axially arranged on the reversing seat (2);

fourth diversion holes (15) are distributed on the inner ring of the hammer base (1) along the circumferential direction, the fourth diversion holes (15) are communicated with the second diversion grooves (12), and when the reversing sleeve (3) and the hammer base (1) rotate forwards or reversely relatively, the fourth diversion holes (15) are communicated with the starting cabin (33) in an aligning mode or separated in a staggered mode.

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